The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, July 25, 1911, Page FIVE, Image 6
A ROPE Of WATER.
Berthelot's Test That Showed Its
Tensile Strength.
THE COHESION OF MATTER.
erfect Planes of Metal or Glass When
rought Into Contact Will Adhere to
ne Another as Though They Were
ed Together.
s well known that liquids are
the least compressible of sub
this in spite of the fact that
ce the property of conforming
shape of vessel or of yielding
forces, no matter how small,
nd to change only their shape.
to squeeze water into nine
of its volume under ordinary
ons would require a pressure
less than 3,000 atmospheres, or
pounds. to the square inch.
property of being almost incom
sible is best illustrated perhaps
an experiment tried centuries ago,
herein an attempt was made to com
ress water by filling a leaden shell
th it and then, after closing, ham
ering and squeezing the shell. The
my effect of the tremendous pres
sures produced in this way was to
cause the water to penetrate the mi
nute pores of the lead' and exude in
drops like perspiration on the outer
surface of the shell. The same effect
was found for a silver shell.
But, while it is a familiar fact that
liquids will resist an enormous force of
compression, the companion fact that
th?y are also capable of withstanding
tension is not so generally known. At
first sight this statement may appear
ridiculous. When water may be so
readily dipped from a pail or poured
from one vessel to another, how can
it be capable of withstanding tension?
If, however, we prevent change of
form we find that pure water is capa
ble of bearing fifty atmospheres of ten
sion, or 750 pounds to the square inch.
If it was.possible, then, to utilize this
property by making a "rope" of water
we should find it capable of sustaining
a good fraction of the weight that
could be borne by an ordinary rope of
the same size. But it must be admit
ted that the task of making a rope. out
of such material would be rather dif
ficult, to say the least, notwithstanding
the' fact that it possesses this desirable
property of tensile strength. Because
of its Inability to resist a deforming
force it would have to. be inclosed in a
tube; but, while It would here be In
condition to withstand compression, as
from a piston in the tube, any attempt
at "stretch'ing" the liquid in this way
would simply result in pulling away
Sthe piston from the water surface.
However, this tensile strength was
actually found by Berthelot in the fol
lowing way: A strong glass tube sealed
at one end and drawn out very fine at
the other was filled nearly full of wa
ter and then closed. The tube was then
cautiously heated until the water bad
expanded and completely filled It. It
was then slowly and carefully cooled
back to its original temperature, when
it was. found that the water had not
contracted, but still filled the tube.
It is almost a universal law that a
small extension in volume of a body
requires the same magnitude of force
to produce It as to cause a similar
amount of compression, the forces, how
ever, being tension in one case and
compression In the other. With this
law In .mind It Is reb(ly seen that:the
water that now fills the tube must be
-under tension, since previously at the
same temperature it did not quite fill
the tube--that Is, it has actually been
stretched or espanded beyond its nor
mal volume for this temperature, and
from our knowledge of the forces that
would be required to produce the cor
responding compression we can figure
out what this tension must be.
The ultimate particles or molecules
of matter we believe to be held to
gether by powerful forces, known va
riously as cohesion or adhesion, but
being in any case forces of attraction.
and these forces tend to prevent any
expansion of the matter, be it solid or
liquid. It might be thought that these
forces would cause two bodies In con
tact to adhere to each other, but par
ticles have to be so niear together to
be acted upon by them that It is dif
ficult to bring bodies into such close
contact that an appreciable area of
one is within this distance of the other.
However, two clean pieces of lead
can readily be pressed so closely to
gether that they will adhere. and a
set of copper cubes was once made
with such true faces that when a doz
en of them were piled one on top of
the other the series adhered together
so well that the whole could be lifted
from the top one. But the best ex
ample is furnished by pieces of op
tical glass whose surfaces have been
worked so plane that when pressed to
gether they will as readily break at
some other spot as at this plane.
Perhaps It Is unfortunate that these
useful forces, which hold all matter
together and keep it from collapsing
into impalpable dust, are confined in
their action to such a limited range.
If this were not so, a break of any
sort could be fixed by merely bring
ing together the broken ends. Glue
of any kind would be unnecessary.
But even this state of affairs would
have its drawbacks. A book laid on
a table would have to be pried off with
a wedge, and the same instrument
would be required to open it. Ev
erything would stick to everything
else. and the pleasure of walking
would be lost in the tedious process of
prying first one foot and then the oth
er from the viselike grip of the side
.mor m the floor.-Boston Post.
ALCOHOL AND MEMORY.
Influence of intoxicating Liquor Upon
One's Mentality.
Every person who drinks alcohol to
excess, says Dr. Alexander Lambert
in Success Magazine. will not show ev
ery form of mental deterioration that
may be produced by excessive indul
gence, and the degree of deterioration
in intelligence which goes to make up
the sum total of mentality varies
greatly in different individuals.
All who drink alcohol to excess,
however, show some diminution in
their judgment. Judgment means the
power of recalling various memories
of perceptions through the senses,
which have come in from the outside
world, memories of ideas, memories of
emotions and all the complicated asso
ciation of ideas that these bring up,
and in the recalling of them weigh each
one with the other and judge of the
value between them. This also means
reasoning and decision for action. This
power of reasoning and judging is
weakened in the alcoholic, and in any
brain long poisoned by alcohol it is an
impossibility to exercise it. Memory it
self is also weakened. There is exces
sive forgetfulness of the recent past,
I and in some cases of advanced alcohol
ism there is absolute forgetfulness of L
wide gaps of years; a man may be
unable to remember anything from the !m
last five minutes back for twenty years
and then remember back to childhood.
The memories of childhood are more i
easily stamped on the brain than are'
those of adult life, both because it
takes less to impress a child and be- th
cause there is not the complexity of m
ideas crowding into the brain, nor the mn
complexity of association of ideas to bt
be recorded. Thereforepiemories of "s
childhood make a deeper impress and fo
Ilast longer, and so the complex memo
ries of the adult are the first to be for- pt
gotten in the alcoholic, and those of
childhood remain. SE
in
EARLY DAY CORONERS. of
at
Their inquests Covered a Wide Variety w;
of Subjects. P2
It has been supposed and legal his
torians have told us that the office of p
a
coroner was originally instituted by c
King Alfred with that of the sheriff, 6
both being designed to aid in keeping
the peace when the earls gave up the st
wardships of the county. The legal
historians. are wrong, according to Dr. b
F. J. Waldo of the British Medico- bl
Legal society, who has traced the his. s1
tory of the coroner and his ancient th
office as far back as the year 1194. .ee
In early days the coroner had a-e
wide andmore general jurisdiction
than he now enjoys. Coroners were
wont to "hold their views" not only
upon deaths where an investigation '
was considered necessary, but also b
upon various serious crimes which Iat
were treated as occasions for the rais -
ing of revenue for the crown. The
mission of the coroner to the state
was not alone to investigate crimes a
and bring felons to justice. lie super- pr
intended the forfeiture of money and di
personal property by criminals to the w]
crown, for the recording of which he
was .responsible. These forfeitures
were not confined in cases of violence 6
and death to the property of the per- co0
son who could be held directly respon
sible. but included animals and instru
ments to which loss of human life un
der any circumstances might be trace
able.-New York World.
Jackal Broth. P
There are parts of Morocco, we are
told by a French visitor, where jackal ~
broth is highly. esteeemed as a table
delicacy. A friendly sheik dissented E
vehemently when It was intimated
that as jackals fed on carrion the !gi'
broth must have a horrible flavor. of
"It is only a question of knowing how jAt
to prepare it," he said. "You put the t
jackal. skin and all, for two hours into
a. vessel of boiling water, then transfer
It to another vesseL This process isp
repeated three times. After ten hours'
boiling in fiye different waters, the
carrion la'vor disappears and the broth
:1 delicious."-London Chronicle.
Burglarious Crabs.
Sand crabs in the West Indies dur
ing the summer live in holes on the
seashore just above high tide mark, re
tiring into them during the day and If
coming out at nigP. They have a sin
gular habit in their nocturnal excur
sions of entering houses. the doors of
which in warm weather are usually Ga
left open, and taking possession of
small articles of clothing, such as col
lars. neckties and stockings, which an
they effectually conceal In their holes pa
on the beach. su~
Why She Couldn't. .
The elder Booth, the tragedian, had tio:
a broken nose. A woman friend once 15
remarked to him, "I like your acting Ch
very much. Mr. Booth, but to be per- bui
fectly frank with you I can't get over
your nose!" Iwe
"No wonder, madam," replied Booth,;n
"the bridge is gone."
A Comparison.si
"A horse Is man's truest friend," ar~
said the lover of animals.
"He's more like a relation than a
friend," replied Farmer CorntosseL.
"He makes me think of my boy Josh; Pr
allus ready to eat an' liable to kick if (
you put him to work."-Washingtoni sci
Star. na:
True Love.es
"She says she would let her husband e
go hungry before she would cook a C(
meal for him."
"That is what I call true love."- Iph<
Houston Post. 4
Examine what is said, not him who I'
sen ks - Aranbinn Prvrb.h
Buyers Guide a
BUSINESS D
Barber Shop.
Jones The Barber.
When you come to town
have your barber wok done
by Jones the Barber.
Main Street. Prosperity, S. C.
Fire Insurance.
J. H. BAXTER,
Fire Insurance.
Tornado Insurance.
Offices corner Friend and McKib
ben stt. Phone 117.
Card From Dr. J. A. lleldau. tr
Editor Tte Herald and News-Dear .te
r: The writer has not spoken 'to Mr. do
icker, nor to any one else, anent th
e matter of contamination of ice ye
anufacturled by the Falrmers' 01I be
ill, nor has he an "axe to grind,"
it in the interest of fairness and the c
quare deal" he wishes to make the i
Icwing statement with all the em- TI
Lasis; of which he is capable:
He is surprised that any doctor or co
t of doctors would make the state- is
nt that it is possible for the group ne
germs producing typhoid fever, or wE
iy other germs to "slip in," (as it
is stated) from a boiler, with a tem
rature of two hundred and twelve,
,ss off with the steam, said steam Ct
ndensed, and this product again
iled and filtered.
If the doctor or doctors making the fo
atement referred to will show the
iter just how and where it is possi- 9e
e that a single germ, be he ever so .
ppery, could possi-biy slip in (other hi
an the way It has been claimed that
rtain little night travellers have tu
en credited with doing, crawl out
the rafters overhead and drop in
tIle the ice cans are 'being filled) the W
iter would not only feel grateful, at
t future generations would rise up
d call him or them blessed.
[t is just such statements as these ov
en made without thinking, and then,
bered to through jealousy- of one's WI
rogative, that eauses the public to eli
credit the medical profession as a
tole. at
The above is written in a kindly fo
irit of fairness to all parties to the
2troversy. fu
Doctor Meldau. tr
tewberry, S. C., July 21, 1911.
Notie.
rhere will be an election held atj m~
osperity, S. C., August :12, 1911, for p1
Spurpose of electing a cotton
igher. Polls to open at 8 o'clock of
m. and close at 4 o'clock p. m.m
All candidates for this election must 0o)
~e their names, with an assessment
one dollar, to the secretary by W
gust 5. The successful candidate i~
pay an additional dollar upon ele- to
n. These assessments to defray ex
1ses. Os
By order of chairman. t
J. C. Singley, li
Secretary.
Prosperity, S. C., July 24.
~5-2t-1taw
de
JUST THINK OF THIS ca
You Are Inclined to Think That t
$1.30 is Too Mfuch for a Twice- Iba
Ca
a-Week Newspaper. 19
ffney Ledger. i
ome people complain that a dollar't
I fifty cents is too much for a news
er. They forget that it takes two wi
scriptions to pay for one cord of all
:od now, whereas a dozen. years ago sa:
i could get a cord for 'a subscrip- un
1i and a half. Cotton is selling for S.
cents now against seven cents then.
ekens are twice as high; also eggs,
~ter and all other coutry produce.
hers is nothing so cheap as a semi
kly newspaper at $1.50 a year, and
man who prints one at that priceJi
1 ever live in a brown-stone man-I
n with marble halls or adopt cay!
as a regular diet.A
Woman's Cost of Living.
vidence Journal.
ne of the highest paid of Boston's d
oolteachers, Miss M. H. Fraser byd
ne, claims that a woman requiresh
4050 a year to live. She bases thish
maeon her own expense account.1
thing costs her $214.50 a year;
ndry. $1 04: room rent and( tele- f
mne. 8:300: mieals, $35 insurance,N
5; car fatres. $82; 'hurch and cluib
S, $20: entertahi'ients, $25. i
his doeno t nnn)cr to bea n ex--J
Lnd Classified
IRECTORY
Merchant Tailor.
For ALL KINDS of Suits
for Summer, consisting of
Light Weight Goods, such
as Mohairs, Cicilians, etc.,
call on
CARLSON, The Tailor.
Groceries, Etc.
G. W. KINARD
Groceries and General
Merchandise.
Properity, S. C.
ivagant estimate, but it is not in
rided for the average woman. It
es not cost the average woman any
ing near half as much as $1,240.50 a
ar to live. If it did, she would not
able to meet the ordeal.
The woman wage-earner has be
me so vital a part of our social prob
n that it must be dealt with as an
onomic fact of the first importance.
:e day when women worked to ob
in pin money or to provide special
mfort and luxuries for the family
gone. Women are now breadwin- -
rs, and the tendency increased
tges for them.
Gentle Jabs.
icago Ledger.
The best thing out-a conflagration.
It's a shame the way some people
rget to remember.
Woman is apt to be the stronger
ssel in the courtship class.
A man may be more eloquent with
3 silence than a woman with her
ik.
Fashion plates come and go, but for
nately it isn't possible for a wa
mn to look like one.
At 28 a girl will marry a man she
)ld have been ashamed to speak to
the age of 18.
Big ears are a sign of generosity.
tyway nature was generous to the
rner thereof.
Whn we hear some people talk we
mder how it is possible .for them to
ange their minds.
But when It gets to be all business
d no pleasure with a man it's time
e hm to change his business.
With the first scratch on the parlor
rniture the bride enters upon the
Lgedy of married life.
Ocasionally a man has the last
rd in an argument with his wife. but
has to say it under his breath.
One way to get rich Is to lock your
mey n~ a vault and induce other peo
a to give you theirs to invest.
We often wonder what has become
all the men who were going to
he millions out of inventions they
ce patented.
The knowledge that one-half- the
ird doesn't know how the other halfI
es is a constant source of worry E!
some people.
Women have no monopoly on curi
ty. Many a man will work harder -
find out something of no benefit to
n than he will to pay his debts.
OTICE OF FIN~AL SETTLEM.ENT.
Rotice is hereby given that the un
rsigned, as executor of the last will
d testament of Epsy Stewart, de
used, will make a final settlement of
estate of said deceased in the Pro
te Court of Newberry County, South
rolina, on the 28th day of August,
L, at 11 o'clock, forenoon, and will
mediately thereafter apply for let
' dismissory.
ll persons indebted to said estate
1 make settlement forthwith, and
persons holding claims against
d estate will file the same with the
dersigned, or his attorney, Eugene
Blease, Newberry, S. C..
W. G. Peterson,
Executor.
Restores color to Gray or
aded hair-Removes Dan
ruff and invigorates the Scalp
-Promotes a luxuriant,
ealthy hair g'rowth-Stops its
ii ng out. Is not a dye.
$L00 and 50c. at Drug Ste--es or direct upon
:eipt of price and dealer's came. Send 10c.
E ampie bottle.-Philo Ha~y Sp,ecialties Co..
wark, N. J., U. S. A.
Hay's Harlina Soap is unequaled
,hsampooing the hair jrd keeping the Scalp
:an and healthy, also. for red, rough chapped
uds and face. 25c. at Druggists.
RE.I1JS~ ALL S~b ~TUTES
Do Your Fruit C&
Our Stock Coi
Fruit Jars, Caps, Rubbers, Jelly
ing Kettles, Boilers, Strainers, a
PRICESS U
New lot of Barretta, Side Comi
Pearl Necklaces.
HOSIERY
White, lace and plain.
Pink, lace and plain.....
Blue, lace and plain...
Black, lace and plain.............
Men's, fancy and plain ' ...'.
Little Sox, all colors.......
For Crockery, Glass, Tin, Galva
elware, Small Hardware, Notioi
come to us and "Save the differei
Anderson 1(
Saves Expensli
TTWAS NECESSARY for1
.jhave a personal talk with a c
city. The journey would 84
with several important engagen
that day.
He used the Long Distance
had a satisfactory talk with his d
was able to-'keep gihis engageme
NThe Long $$trance Bell Tel
the efficiency of business men whc
needs. It can serve you with e
and economy.
By the way, have you a
SUTREB ELI
. *ANDTELEGRAI?
I'
Faultless Sty]
Perfect W
Some shoes always look ne
Some shoes look shabby in
after they begin to see set
woman whose shoes retain th
and good looks after two mor
either paid four or five dolli
or else she wears
The
? SOUTHIE
@
e$2.00 Shoe
Ordinarily a$20
.. ordinary. When the
'. the shoe is gone.
-. Girl Shoe at $2.00 is:
- value. It looks goo<
- . wear it, and you wi
's ing it when your
may have bought s
at the same time i
new ones. W
.2-e.%-abest hides for 3
- and the b
money can
"A utgrame'Zrand, $2.50'o Look for
-$3.00, is Goodyear Welt on the box
Sewed: in our College
Woman's Walking Shoe it CRADDOC]
ing Now
nplete
Glasses, Preserv
ad Fruit Presses.
DW
s, Coral and
.. 0c
.. ....10c
.... ........10c
..O............ ..10c
........1O c
Lnized and Enam
m and Novelties
ice."
)c. Co.
ye Trips
lie Attorney to
lient in adian
triously interiferet
leats made for
Bell Telephone,
istant client and
ents at home.
ephone increase -
> adapt itto their
qual satisfaction
.TELEPHONE
HCOMPANY
Le Plus s
~at and nifty.
short order
-vice. Te
eir fine lines
ths of wear,
ars for them
$2.50
shoe is very
looks are gone
The Southern
m extraordinary
i as long as you
11 still t,e wear
neighbor who
ome other shoe
s obliged to buy
use only the
ramps and tops,
st sole leather
buy. We have
.n your town.
the Red Bell
i-TERRY CO.,
burg, Va.
.4