Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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APES DO R~EASON, HE SAYS. Intelligence of a Chimpanzee in Es caping from a Cage-A Cy cling Ape. An ape. reared from babyhood at the Biological Institute in Ainani. German East Africa. has accomplish ments as a bicycle rider. There va a demand from Berlin for so gifted a specimen of the anthropoid ape and he, has now been added to the eollee tions in the Zo-ological Garden of that city. Perhaps it is not very remarkable that an intelligent ape with innate love for feats of balancing and gym nastic stints on the branches of trees. should learn to ride a bicycle. His trainer reports that his patience and time were not overtaxed in teaching him to ride. The ape was a little slow in grasp ing the idea that by working the ped als he could propel the machine, but when light dawned upon him his edu cation as a wheelman was almost com plete. He is not yet sufficiently obser vant of obstacles in the road, but he is improving. Just now the German public ii most interested in the studies that Dr. Alexander Sokolovski has been making of three anthropoid apes at Stellingen, near Berlin. His scienti fie specialty is zo-ological psychology and he has been observing the life of two oranguotang, male and female, called Jacob and Rosa, and an un named chimpanzee. He has convinc ed himself that these animals have not only instinct, but also elementary reasoning powers. The three animals are excellent friends. but there are marked tem peramental difference between the chimpanzee and the orangutangs. The former is full of life and is doing something every waking moment. The latter are more quiet, sit reposefully for long, periods on che floor, and when they attempt the swinging bar they are slower and more cautious than the chimpanzee, who is reckless. He likes rough and tumble play with Jacob, but Rosa is his favorite. There seems to be a perfect under standing between them and she is his dutiful servant in many of his origi nal performances.I To facilitate Dr. Sokolovski 's studies the keepers gave a good deal of latitude to the three animals. The chimpanzee especially has had his own way to an unusual extent. HeI acts more naturally when he does not' know that he is under human obser vation, and for hours every day he has been apparently by himself though watched every moment. Some of the most interesting re sults of Dr. Sokolovski 's studies grew out of the chimpanzee's desire to escape 'confinement. He dces not like it, though his two friends seem content with their lot. They occupied a part of a very large wire cage, more than half of which was used as the summer sleep ing place of the giraffes. The board partition dividing the cage into two compartments was high, though it did not extend to the roof. Nobody dreamed that the chimpanzee could surmount this wall, but he did, and it was one of his thres successful at tempts to get out of his cage. In a corner of the cage against the* wooden partition was a large box in which the apes slept and so heavy that they could not move it. One day the chimpanzee jumped up on this box and seemed to be critically examining the partition. He jumped into the air again and again with arms stretched above his head, but he could not bring his fingers within three feet of the top of the wall. His attention suddenly became ri veted upon a large tin globe which had been given to the animals to play with. It was made of thick plate and was so big and heavy that it was not easy to handle. It was made for roll in aog the ground. Now was the tim:e for Rosa to help. and she was summi~oned. Together they boosted the globe upon the box and rolled it into the corner. Here it was kept by the faithful and intel liacent Rosa while her friend elamber ed uip over her hack to the top of the globe. Rosa still kept the' globe in place while the venturesome chim anzee jumped again and again for the top of that partition. But he could not reach it by several inches. Then he had a conference with Rosa. Just how he communica ted his. idea to her is not known, but she understood him. The chimpanzee took her arm and hepled her to clamber up on the globe.! She stretched herself face downw:a'd on the roundin1z surface. The c.l panzee mounted on her hod:: anid made another mighty spring into the air. It was a great success, for he clutched the top of the partition and d.-p:ed down among the giraffes on the 1uelsih ' a iad ]elpel i i ti deser w"i1hLIt re Ip-in an1y adV.1 ae he crselft. The keeper, escorted the ape back To his own (-om1arment OW1l (-IiV (d the ter friends ot Hie -lhe that had ulve nihem ll Idainh:uement. Tihe W(re vei0 eeril:1 I1:1t ile 'him e (ldnl know tle extont of the aimal resturces. It was ob ehinpa nzee was having more fi a than ever on his trapeze. and it look ed as tho' -h he were continually try ing to swing himself against the roof. At last he gathered all his energie1 for the biggest swing of all, and when at the summit of his flight he sprang off the bar and just managed to catch the top of the partition. The next moment lie was among the giraffes again. That very day the partition was extended to the roof and flight in this direction was quite eut off. His next attempt was to break the fastening on the door of the cage. He ob.';erved with much apparent in terest that when the keeper entered the cage he handlell a bunch of keys, one of which he irserted in a pad lock. The keeper sometimes gave him the keys because he was so gravely curious to examine them one by one. and often lie would strain up against the wire to look at the pad lock outside, for the idea seemed to d!1wi upon him that it had some thing to do with getting into or out of the eage. One day Jacob managed to break the wooden piece on the swing and this put an implement into the hands of the chimpanzee. The bit of tough hardwood was about three feet long and it had broken so that one end was almost a point. Dr. Sokolovski could scarcely believe his eves when he saw the ape firnst the stiek out side of the''wire, push the thin en(I up through the starle that held the pad lock and then ,rv with all his might to force it out. The keeper was noti fied, the perform-nee terminated and the chimpanzee was deprived of his new implement. As he felt his restraint so deepl it was decided to give hiim a little occasional exareise in the open, and so one day the keeper' took him ouf into the garden for a yi oIl, leading him by a small chain. It was a great lark for the ape and he plainly mani fested his enjoyment and all the more when they reached a fruit stall at the gate, where he was regaled with bananas. He had the time of his life and the very next day he decided that he wanted another stroll and more ban anas. He set to work on the wire of the cage, which was merely meant for summer use, but was supposed to be strong enough to hold any animal that was put into the cage. The chimpanzee confined his at tention to the smaller wires that were bent around the network of lar ger wires to keep them in place. He bit and tugged at one wire with his strong teeth till it broke, and then he uncoiled it with his fingers and threw it on the ground. He treated a number of these wire brands in the same way and then with his enor mously strong hands and arms lie pulled and bent the larger wires till he had cleared a hole big enough to crawl through. It was high time to sound the alarm but before anything could be done the chimpanzee was out in the garden and Jacob and Rosa were at his heels. The leader was making straight for the fruit stand when the force of keepers corralled the party and forc ed them back into flhe cage. This is only one series of observa tions among many which led Dr. Sokolovski to the conviction that these animals. while less than human, are much more than brutes. He learn ed many things also from the urangu tanets, hut they were not so bright and interesting~ as the chimpanzee. One of the peculiarities of this fel low wvas his antipathy for' everything human excepting his keepers. JIacob anid Ro-sa would hlandly extend their hanids for a cordial shake with the nub!ie wvhile the ch'impajnzee lurked behind for a good chance to snatch off the headgear of the visitors. Spec tales aroused his greatest ire and he had a way of sweeping them off the :use with a sort of backhand claw that hurt and almost stunned the s-ie tim: Dr. Sokolovski advises that a num her of young men trained in zo-ologi enl or comparative p;veholoer be stationed in the native homes of these animals to make thoroneh studyl of them. HTe does not think that the anthronoid ape wvas the direct anees tor' of the human race, but lie believes mo n originated through some strikinz I va:rest ap poa I wilh th 1e brilte I* er tion has made to man. They are w( li V of [lie 1i(St Iii l i ldV. a wi ti t1le pre'elnt metli()ds of inves :ation Dr. Sokolovski believes it w he nossible to reveal tileir whole li hitory and to learn juq what th are. HOW THB BOY WAS SAVED. By B .B. Lindsey. Judge of the 3 venile Court at Denver. Colo. Shameful to relate. he was in ja A strang place for a twelve-year-c bir with a soul and heart. The jailer hdd telephoned me o cold winter night that the boy w in a spasm of erying ind i-A alarmed him that he urged me comt at once. I grabbed my (-oat a: hat and went out into the night. fe, ing that the pitiless bear of t sleetv rain was ever kinder than criminal law that condemns liti children to crime and iron cells. B this was before the fight against i jail was fought and won. This w before love and firmness had su plantei iatred and derada io1. Behind iron bars that would shax lie king ti:zer of the jung:e I f(u: + b - He vas sli :n:d would have thought not a care h: ever 'o -'* I ti lit:! tbc. :it h with its worn and tear-tained fa< ing of iron bolts and bars and eli inc of great keys tuiing in th( solemn. monotonous. locks as t jailer. leaving nie alone with the bc returned from the eell back into t dimly lighted corridor. The boy. frightened at the ir:l surroundings, looked at 1 new cell mate at first cautiously, most fearfully. Then a look of j and gladness came to his eves. might come from the captive at t approach of deliverance. The b knew me, for he had been a. e'iror little truant; and there may ha been worse things. but they m-i. left unsaid. for it was the boy a: not the ''thins'' we were trying redeem. I sat down in the cell on the ir floor and put my arm around t boy. I told him how much I th:oug of .him, and how I despised the b things he did. Yet what eould I if he did not help me'? I might he him, but I could not carry -hi.n; would always be his friend, but was getting both himself .and me trouble if he ''swiped things;'' for I should let him out a'nd he ''swip things'' again, wvould noit the off say .that -the judge made a mistake not sending ''that kid to the Stb Indhstrial School, where he wo. not have a chance -to swipe things Then they would say both the jud and the boy should be in jail. H< could he expect a judge to keep job if his boys did such things? saw -the point: -a,nd standing uprig there in the cell the light in his ey spoke better than his ..words the ea2 estness of his promise to ''stay v yer, judge,'' as he tearfully declar he would never get me into any tr< ble and we would both keep out jail. And so I almost as tea.rfully epted his proffered protection, a out of the jail we walked toget} into the now raging storm. And it was no such storm as had raged 4 IA A*..A The above is our si best and quickest shippit;. La HATKE'S VIRGINIA MO PRIVATE STOCK CO : A HOLLAND GIN-Best Gli APPLE BRAN DY-This y PEACH BRANDY-Made We prepay express Ohi SO-802-804-80( a- de iin(lerf'ooi every vo 4W he took at )r- t 1i in:irriai_e aliar. Aiid .a a father's ad cre. IAh divi ti h ir i:.t of every ti- ehild. had been denied him. The boy ill was not h:I. is opportulnity had fe bvi por: hi!- environment was-4 bad. er I 1 im i1inle to lii. notiller, a .'' wman, dCervilg of I 1C:"er fa1e t1an to toil all dav to eed :id (1bithe her Iuniiry ch1ildren. .\Y mother. iim-%vever nob!e. who un u- deri snh hondiciaps and difflenlties tries to perform the functions of both 1 p:a-1,t1. r enerally fails to perform i tho,e of either. It it a wonder. then. that the child is not "brought up in Id the wa.y it should go'" Is it the elhild s fault? If not, why then the 10 jal and degradation? Tie boy returned to school. He o' brought good reports for over two to ye-a and with them he brought joy ad and gladness. He had, in a poor way, tried to supply what was lacking in he his little life. but to do this well a aspark had to be struck somewhere or le a heartstring had to be sounded that ut would respond. lie One day his mother came at the as end of a wearv. toilsome- day to tell me that Harry was a changed boy. She told me how thoughtful and lov ne in- he was,. and that once when she 1was siek he had. with the tenderness - of a woman. waited on her and giv- 1 ad en np all the pleasures of the street. 3f Finally the tears came into her eyes, e. and she said: "Judge, I never knew i-4j why Hrmqiryv changed so much till I one dav while I was-ill and he had ir been sweet and kind T asked him he how it was he became good for the y j;idge and looking up into my face he with a. tear in his eve, he said: 'Well. mother. you see. it's this way: If I se ever (its had tior swipes things again, is the jnidge-the juidge will lose his 11- !job-see ?-and he is my friend-he oV is-and I am zoin' to stay wid as him. he oy HALF A GLASS OF WINE. lie Ve "No. sir: no woman ever had a he E.;pi-er home than I had. No one ad . mr ad a better husband at the to 'inr. He was gentlemanly, refined, Lit4ligent. He was a good provider,I' on (,: easily earned his $35 a week. he "I remember just when the trou *ht ble began-. It was many years ago. ad Mv husband was troubled with indi do gestion. He had tried all sorts of 1remedies, but nothing did, him any I good. At lyt he happened to hear heofaF French physician, and.consulted inhim. This physician, said, 'Certainly If can cure you. Simple and leas ant remedy. Take a half-glass of 'er wine at each meal. You'll come inaround all right.' te"Oh, sir, I remember the very Id day that first demijohn came to our p" house. I had an awful feeling of ap ge prehension. Such a thing had neverI )w entered our doors before. I said to is my husband, 'My dear, I wouldn't. 1e Srgrely there must be some other ht cure. Really, I'm afraid of the con es sequences. Don't toueh, it dear.' But1 -n-ie became irritated; said he wasn't -id a fool; that he knew how to take ed care of himself, and that I needn't >have any fears for him; that he was of simply doing what the doctor-an experienced man-had told him to do, re nd that it was -all right. nd "Well, sir, I remember it so well; ier that meal he took a half-glass of the v 'wine and filled the glass with water. in I Icould see even then, at the close KE &C O 5H ED 1867 eiiis Alodrsaesn out sAedyre UNTAI n YE wh ike we have bee n uie -'Tis mild and mellow, try it once, i sold at this low price - - - rears crop, but it is PURE BRANDY a especially for us in Maryland. - rI 10 CENTS EXTRA PER CALLON FOR AN1 24 Pints or 48 H alf-Pints of Any M~ uges at those prices and guarantee safe deliver, Send Money Order or Rleg A. HIATKE & E CAny ST.. BOX: V:lti'r. !! d I lot all niuont lis >eflre fn-e <InijJhns a welk Nvere >roug _1hl int o1r ()nc-e 10empera1"te and >eltifl home. ni-b::n -t . s her(" n Jplaee hiere Ie ca ib mt for reform:Ition? liaxv t rit (11 Vi) 1 H le fa irl yi yve:ds witl ie now-;n hi sober N --T' sa'(, hi: n. ITt -eems. to be hen hIe i. : 1'W r fom drinlk. lie does jite well for a time. When he sees i t. he niut ve It. All his will-pow rI i..vcne. What can he do? What thall I do?' FOREIGN CRIMINALS. Poliee (omniiissioner Theodore A. 3inglham is the author of a startliIg irti.le in the September number of :he North American Review on "For !ign Criminals in New York." It :ould not but be the fact, General lingham says. that the great majori : of criminals in New York should )e of exotie origin, since eighty-five )er cent of the population of the city s either foreign-born or of foreign xarentage. while nearly -half the resi ients of the five boroughs do not. ;peak the English language. While' :he Hebrew is credited or discredited xith the highest percentage of crime. he Italian malefactor is by far the treater menace to law and order. Gen ?ral Bingham describes the police re nlations which apply to the Italian riminal at home and which impel iim to seek relief by emigrating to Lie Uited Stzites. Thn commi'sioner numerates certain defects in the pon ice system of New York which make It dificult to deal satisfactorily with 'he alien criminal. Of Chinatown he ;ays: "Chinatown has been quiet for m1any months; but murderous erup ious in that oarter of Ne?w York ilways come without warning, and no one save the Chinamen themselves ver know any moie what the quarrel is about than that one tong. or socie ty, has a grievance aginst another. The Chinaman never includes his American neighbors in his feuds, however, and the only risk the latter runs when the former goes on the ar-path is from a stray bullet; for the yellow men are poor marksmen. Nevertheless. Chinatowvn is a plague spot that ought not to be allowed to exist. It is a constant menace to the morals of the children of the neighborhood and a cover for desper ate criminals. The low-eeiled rooms of the squalid buildings in Doyers, Pell, and Mott Streets and facing on the Bowery, many of them opening only into inside courts, are divided and subdivided into closet-like spaces that are rented for living and sleep ng purposes; and in .them are hous ed the very lees of humanity, black. vellow. and white, Chinamen, honest and dishonest, but all the others thieves, thugs. and prostitutes, with their parasites.'' EXCURSION RATES TO COLUM BIA, S. C.. AND RETURN VIA SOUTHERN RAILWAY. Account South Carolina C~olored State Fair the Southern railway an nounces 'very low round trip rates from all points in South Carolina to Columbia, S. C., tickets to be sold LO-CATED LNJ III 1111gun -. ---. PROMIP s for mnore than forty years. Being next 3eived. We make losses and breakage g< 1 Gal a selling for forty years -$2 54 then always - 2.54 - -m 2.54 - - - --- 2.5( - ----- -- -- 2.5( SOF THE ABOVE BRANDS IN FULL QU., lve Brands In Piain Cases $7.50. 7.Write for complete price list, as t] istered Letter with order. COMPAN Y, bla efor non ofNoveber14t1h. 1903. ii ed f'1r retur 11) nt.iI Nov1m her 16th. 1908. ri'.. a)ply to So:ither rilway tiek \tlanta. Ga. CHARLESTON & WESTERN CAR OLINA RY. Schedule in effect May 31, 1908. v. Newberry (C N & L) 12:56 p.m. Ar. Larens 2:02 p.m. Lv. Laurens (C & W C) 2:35 p.m. Ar. Greenville 4:00 p.m. Lv. Laurens 2:32 p.m. Ar. Spartanburg 4:05 p.m. Lv. Spartanburg (So. Ry.) 5:00 p.m. Ar. Hendersonville 7:45 p.m. Ar. Asheville 8:50 p.m. Lv. Laurens (C & W C) 2:32 p.m. Ar. Greenwood 3:32 p.m. Ar. McCormick 4:33 p.m. Ar. Augusta 6:15 p.m. Tri-Weekly Parlar Car line be tween Augusta and Asheville. Trains Yos. 1 and 2, lpave Augusta Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, leave Asheville Mondays, Wednesdayskand Fridavs. Note: The above arriva*ls and de partures, as well as connections with other companies, are given as infor mation, and are not guarante'ed. Ernest Williams, Gen. Pass. Agt.. Augusta, Ga. Geo. T. Bryan. Greenville, S. C., Gen. Agt. BLUE RIDGE SCHEDULES. Eastbound. No. 18, leaves Anderson at 6.30 a. M., for connection at Belton with Southern for Greenville. No. 12, from Walhalla, leaves An derson at 10.15 a. m., for connection at Belton with Southern Railway for Columbia and Greenville. No. 20. leaves Anderson at 2.20 p. M., for connections at Belton with Southern Railway for Greenville. No. 8, daily except Sunday, from Walhalla arrives Anderson 6.24 p. mn., with connections at Seneca with Southern Railway from points south. No. 10, from Walhalla, .leaves An derson at 4.57 p. in., for connections at Belton with Southern Railway for Greenville and Columbia. Westbound. No. 17, arrives at Anderson at 7.50 a. mn., from Belton with connections from Greenville. No. 9, arrives at Anderson at 12.24 p. in., from Belton with connections from Greenville and Columbia. Goes to Walhalla. No. 19, arrives at Ander? i; 3.40 p. mn., from Belton with co.nnections from Greenville. No. 11, arrives at Anderson at 6.29 p. in., from Belton with con nections from Greenville and Colum bia. Goes to Waihalla. No. 7, daily except Sunday, leaves Anderson at 9.20 a. in., for Walhalla, with connections at Seneca for local nt suth. Nos. 17. 18, 19, and 20 are mixed. tr-Ons between Anderson and Belton.. Nos. 7 and 8 are local freight trains, carrying passengers, between Anderson and Walhalla and between W'alhalla and Anderson ThEtIEART OF 4DOND, VA. F SHllPMENfTS , to the express office gives us the mod .2 Gats. 3 Gals. 4% GaIs. E ) $4.50 $6.50 $9.00 )4.50 6.50 9.00 )4.50 6.50 9.00 4.50 6.50 9.00 S4.50 6.50 9.00 hB RTS.* iese are only a few brands. RITCT-MONm. VA.