The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, December 10, 1907, Image 1
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'' VOL XLIY NO 0!) NEWBERRY, S. C.. TUESDAY. DECEMBER 10. 1907. TWICE A WEEK. $1.50 A YEAR
!SOIL DEMONSTRATION <.;
BY THE GOVERNMENT s
Important Work to bo Dono in this 1
Stato Under tho Suporvision of t
Experienced Students of n
Soil Conditions.1 1
Tlio Slate. I
Tlinit the United States department t
of agriculture recognizes the vast fj
possibilities of the Southern soil a
and especially that of South Caro- i
, linn is shown by the various experi- a
ments that are to bo conducted in i
this state by its agents. The bureau i
of plant industry, through the agent \
iu charge, Dr.* A. A. Knapp, has or- I
gani/.ed a farmers' cooperative dem- s
oust rat ion work to he conducted in t
certain states of the union. The ac- j]
t-ua 1 work is conducted by agents ']
who have their respective terrilo- r
ries to supervise. <1
Mr. J. M. Jenkins, state agent for 1:
South Carolina, was in the city yesterday
to consult with Mr. L. C. i
Chappell of Lykesland, who is the e
sub-agent for this county. The object.
of the visit of Mr. Jenkins is
to get the fanners interested in the t
work and to have them prepare the t
land for the purposes of the experiments
that are to be tried in the )'
spring. Tiie work "that is to be done
is not exactly an experiment, how- |
ever, for the real experimenting
was done in Washington under the 1]
supervision of the experts ot the department
of agriculture and that s
which was there accomplished will
be put into actual test on the land
of tiie farmers who will agree to set'
aside an acre or so of their land for
the purpose. Thus far Mr. Jenkins '
has met with nothing except encour- :1
agement from the farmers and all v
of them arc anxious to cooperate t
with him and tho department which 1
1 -j
he represents. (l
The counties that the agent is su- n
p'ervising in this state are as fol- *
lows: GreenviMe, Anderson, Laur- x
ens, Richland, Chester, Fairfield, 0
Newberry and Union. Already sub* (
agents have been appointed in the
counties of Richland, Anderson and s
Fairfield and tlie work is well under '
way in these counties. Tn order that t
the public may understand the various
terms used in connection with ?
the work the officers are here explained
:
1
A Held agent is a special agent of ^
the United States' department of (i
agriculture who Superintends "the ^
, farmers cooperative demonstra- ,
1 , . . il
tion work" in a certain district, rj
This is the position that Mr. Jenkins
holds. j
A demonstrator is a practical c
fanner, who works a portion of his j
farm under the supervision of a j,
lictld agent, which tract he is expecU ;
od to inspect at least once a month v
V and to report on same to the Held
\agent, so that the latter may be kept
Nost'ed on the progress of the work j
n\id tiie success of the undertaking j
arid may give others the benetit of j
th'\ work by publication. <1
A cooperator is a farmer who a
agrees to follow the instructions of f
the department, and to make tiie re- v
port of progress at the end of the ?
season.
' ^ The Held agent is expected to visit ?
as many centres of influence in his r
district as possible, and by personal C
[i effort secure tho cooperation of p
m bankers, merchant's and farmers in li
a!iS this cooperative work; also always n
interest the editor of tire local paVm
per. Second, establish neat* these f
centres the special demonstration |
:* farms, then secure cooperafors. n
Small, thrifty and energetic farmers a
m will generally do belter as special |
&' demonstrators. Large farmers have p
IWm too much business to give the work n
the requisite attention. The agent <>
must' use judgment ?in selecting co- d
operators and secure men who will 'I
follow instructions and report. f
Plan of Work. s
The general plan of the work that I
will be done is out'lined in a bulletin o
gotten out under the direction of Dr. p
S. A. Knapp, who is directing the n
work from Lake St. Charles, La. The <
plan of the work is about as follows: p
The object of the farmers' co- e
operative demonstration work is not
F **
I *
>nlj to place a practical object les- j
on, illustrating the best methods of I
>roducing standard farm crops beore
tin; farm masses, but to secure
beir active participation in such denonstrations,
to an extent that will
>rove that the average farmer can
lo better work and will do it if pro>erly
approached. These demons! raions
must show that better and larger
crops can be raised on the averse
farm, and at vastly greater net
>rofit per acre. Incidentally they
ire designed to prove Chat there is no
iccessity for this widespread detcroraiion
of the farms and the general
>overty of the masses on the farms,
jike all great reforms, this demontration
work can not be done for
he people to be benefited, but it
mist be done by them to he effective. |
The sick man must take the proper
nedicine to effect a cure; it will not
lo for his neighbor to take it for
lim.
The remedy for the farmers that
s recommended by the department
mhraees the following:
Better tillage of the soil .
Rotation of crops and soil renovaion
by the use of legumes and win- J
er cover crops (oats, wheat, etc.).
The judicious use of commercial
ert'i'lizer.
Creator care in selecting and
danting seed.
The use of more horse power and
tetter machinery.
The raising of more and belter
lock.
Keeping an account of the cost of
arm operations.
fo this end the farmers' cooperaive
demonstration work has been iulugurat'ed.
One Ceaiure of this
t'ork shoal'.! !>c ehpsjially noted. The
armers in some of the states have
bought tnat the work was done ntiler
instructions from Washington
nd by persons who did not undertnnd
the soil of the*patticular state
ihose fanners were trying the methds
of the department. This is not
orreet, for. as a matter of fact, the
gents in the various districts have
tudicd the soil of the state in which
hey are working.
tftfr. Jenkins, the agent for the
'outli Carolina district, is a native
f this state and graduated at Clemon
college, and therefore is well
ersed in the soil of his native
tatc. lie is thus able to give the
armers tlie best possible work basd
on his observations of the soil
roni this stale at the capital and
lso from actual experience here,
'he two crops what will receive the
t tcntio^i of the agent in the Connies
mentioned will be cotton and
orn, for these atfa the real crops of
lie state of SodTh Carolina. The
eadquarters of Mr. Jenkins will be
n Laurens and from this point he
fill conduct, the experiments.
Tho Demonstrations.
According to the plans of the delartment"
there will be about 1)T)0
emonstrators in each county where
lie experiments are to be conducted,
'he farmers will be asked to lay
side one acre or more of their farm
or the purpose of the demonstration
fork. The demonstrators will act
nder the sub-agents, who are appointed
by the agent of the district,
uh-agents have been appointed aleadv
in the counties of Anderson,
"Wster and Richland, and in the
ountics of Union, Chester and Faireld
the work has already been comyenced.
For tin; work as indicated above
lie agent locates the best farms
hat he can get to have on them llie
ecessary one acre or more allownce
and on these the deinonslraions
are carried on. It is generally
onsidered that the size of the farm
lakes no difference if the owner
an give supervision to the work liner
direction of the demonstrator,
'lie department also recognizes the
i?e| that it will be hijst for the more
tnple crops, such as corn and colon,
10 he made the basis of their j
perations. Corn and cotton are lhe
loney crops and when the farmers
re shown how to improve these i
rops the greatest work of the de- j
artment will have been accompli-h- '
d.
*tn brief the idea of the departi
/
i men I' in sending, out the agents to
instruct the farmers is to give them
the benefit of the compilations of all '!
the experiments made upon a given
crop by the experiment stations and
to put these experiments to the test
on the land of the farmers in the
state. i
Propai'ation of Soil.
Refore the experiments are actually
put into force the soil has to be
prepared under direction of the department
's agents. For this the
farmer is instructed by the agents
of the department also. The prepanV
tion of the soil is to take place in the
fall so that the land will be ready
for the work in the spring. The
pit wing done in the early fall and
inter cultivation is for
the purpose of doing for the soil!
what the colder climate of the north'
does for its land?opei s it snllici3ii?tly
to admit the air.
The bulletin of Dr. Knapp gives j
the following advice along this line
and this will be read with interest
by the farmers throughout the stale:
"In the richest soils there is but little
food ready prepared for the
plant, and nature's plan is that this
food shall be prepared more or less
daily by the action of the air, the
moisture in the soils and by the sun. i:
These three active forces make ready t
the food so the plant can be properly'
nourished. This can not be done j
without' plowing and cultivating to,
admit the air, and the earlier this
work is commenced in the fall the
greatci the elYect il will have upon
the crop of the following season.
"The elVet't of using good seed is!
not sullicieutly appreciated, nor perhaps
is it' understood just wba/t
makes good seed. It must be the
bos'. variety, carefully selected, early
in the fall and stored in a dry
place. In passing through the states
we find very little of the corn fit
for seed, because the rain has watersoaked
the cob and injured the
germs. In many cases it has even
caused decay in a portion of the ;
kernel. This could have been pre-'
vented had the seed corn been gath-j
ered in August or 'September. Our
reasons for very frequent cultivation
has been explained above, to |
wit: The admission of air, the con-j
servat'ion of moisture in the soil ami j
the prevention of surface crust. The!
farmer may say that this frequent I
cultivation is so much work for nothing,
but he will find, in case of col- 1
ton, in the fall, that his plants have !
fruited closer to the ground and
have put on a good many more early
bolls than they would have done
had he pursued the ordinary methods;
and corn will set more ears."
The bulletin gives other valuable
advice to the farmers along the line
of the applying of fertilizers and
what should be done under boll weevil
conditions. The department' and
its agents are very much pleased with
the result of the work thus far. Mr.
Jenkins slated yesterday ihat he had
mel with words of encouragement"
from every farmer he had visited and
all were ready to cooperate with him.
He believes that the work of the, ,
Farmers' Cooperative demonstration
will accomplish much for the farmers
in this state and it will be
largely through their own efforts also.
Oscar II, king of Sweden, died on i
Sunday morning. ,
I
Times Had Changed.
"Did you and pa start with plenty '
of money?" asked the daughter.
"We lived upon very little else '
but love, dear!" was the mother's 1
gentle answer.
"But I suppose pa soon uot lots
of salary?" ' j
"No; dear; il was a great struggle ^
at first."
"Then how did von manage? Pa
had a little in the bank?" 1
"Not a farthing."
"Oh, my (Jeorge is in just the (
<am.e posi'ion, and we love each olh- \
e;\ and ."
"If thai pcnni)/-;s adventurer ever ]
dares to enter this house again I will I
tell him what I think of him! Go to 1
your room at once!"-?Stray Stories. .<
AWFUL MINE DISASTER*
Dreadful Black Damp Kills Nearly /
Four Hundred Goal Miners.
Mouongah, \V. V., Dim*. 0.?'Six (
charred and blackened bodies lying
in iho improvised morgue prepared g
near the entrance to tlie mine, live li
men hovering between life and death s
from the awful bruises sustained and h
the deadly gases inhaled in a tern- n
porary hospital into which one of 1
the company buildings has been e
transformed. and !Uit) men imprison- I
I'd by tons of coal, rock and mine de- o
bris in the depths of the hills sur- t
rounding this mining town, with the 1
chances all against a single one of
them being alive, is ttio most ami'- h
ate summary obtainable tonight ol' v
the result of a mine explosion today, c
which i.i all probability was attend- li
ed by greater loss of life than any t
former disaster in the history of the
bituminous coal mining industry of
America. 1
The explosion occurred shortly af- y
tor 10 o'clock today, after the full ^
force of .'{SO men had gone to work !
in the two mines affected. The (
mines are Xos. (i and S of the Con- ?1
solidatinn Coal company, located on I'
opposite sides of the West Pork river,
al this place, but merged in their
underground workings by a heading u
and on the surface by a great steel I
tipple and bridge. j i
Six Bodies Found. '
The finding of the six corpses and ,
the five badly injured men is the on- j
ly reward for strenuous and uninterrupted
work oil the part of the large 1
rescuing forces that immediately'set
to work at every possible point.
The iivt living men are unable to 11
give any detailed report of the disaster
or to even explain how they x
reached the surface. They state that v
back of them when they began'their J
frantic stniggle for liberty there was 11
a large number of men engaged in a
similar struggle, while still further I
back in the workings there, was a
large number, of whom they know ^
nothing. i
It is the opinion of the mine officials
and others familiar with minim*that
these 11 men had not penetrated'
the mine as far as had the majority]
of the day shift when the explosion ! (
occurred and that they headed for : ^
and reached the main entrance bo-!*
fore the heavy enve-in that now
blockades the entrance not more
than a few hundred feet beyond thej"
main opening of mine No. (i. ' ^
All Caught in Cave-in. j (]
As to the miners referred to by a
the rescued men as having boon alive I r
when last seen, it is believed that I f
they were caught back of a heavy j e
cave-in of coal and mine roof and :
that they could not have survived 1
more than a few minutes in the deadly
gases with which the entry filled f
as soon as the ventilating system h
was interrupted. There is more hope n
for those in more remote sections of li
I lie mine, as they'may have reached li
workings where fresh air is supplied
by other openings. But at best only (
the most slender hope is entertained . a
for the survival of any one of tho j 1 <
men in the mine until the debris can n
lie cleared away and communication . a
with the outside reestablished. s
There is much speculation as to ; 1'
[ho cause of the explosion, but the n
most generally accepted theory is b
that it resulted from black damp. Tt r
is believed that a miner attempted | r
to sr| off a blast which blew out and |e
iciniled an accumulation ??f this 1
loudly gas and Hi,-it liiis in- lurn.n
ignited tlie coal dust, a highly in-lg
i'bimmablo substance found in groat- j I
>r or loss (|iiantities in all West Vir- e
rinia mines. However, all explana- ' I
ions of (lie cause ni> to this time are j l
ocessnrily specnlative.
Bit? Price for Bull Dog. I
Philadelphia Press. j c
Miss Tnnes Klizabeth Nehaoffer, of j fi
Jermanlown, who already owns three Jk
mlldogs valued al $10,000. added to |
ior collection yesterday Champion , n
Mahoniel, imported last year by 1?. 1
[jobban. The price paid Mr. Lobban Jo
>y Miss Schaefl'er was said to be |
H5,000. ' ; -
0., N. & L. ROAD.
Annual Mecfting?^CjOinpany's $500,000
Stock is Held by 123
Persons.
'olumbia Keeord.
There is in proyress to,lay at the
.'Moral olliccs iti the Hank of Ooiimbia,
the annual in??" of tlio
loekholders of (he Columbia. Newerry
and Lanivns railroad. At. the
ucetiny for I<)()(>, held on October
('tli, the number of Hie stoekholdrs
was only 12.'l. and tliis is about
,K> "umber represent??l, in person
bv proxy, today. The capitali/.a-1
ion is $.100,000?SO,000 slia.vs of
h<i par value oi $'2.1 eaeli.
It i.*? believed (lis*I tiie present |
oard of directors will be re-elected, I
nth the exception that a vacancy
a used by death will leave to be
"led, and that the directors will |
hen reelect the present ollieers.
I he d i reel ors a re:
W. (!. Cliilds. W. A. Clark. \Y. 11.
'.vies. .James Woodrow (died this
car); IT. C. Moseley (Prosperity),
r. A. Carlisle (Newberry), 10. St.
ohn. (Portsmouth), ,1. S." Williamsj
Richmond), II. Walter, (New York),
H. Ken ley, (Wilmington), W. fj-.|
Elliott, (Wilminyt'on). |
The ollicors:
W (i. ( liilds. president, chairman
I (lie board and .yen era I mannycr;
I. ( . Moseley. Prosperity, vice pres Icnt
; I. II, (iihbes, secretarv and
rea surer: W. II. |iVles. general
ounsel: S. W. Paraham, auditor;
Uexauder Rowland, auditor of di*uirsemenls:
U. A. Mr.-wid, Irallic
lanayer; . ,Jt Craiy, yeueral pasenyer
ayent. I
I he total cast of (he board, equipnents
and permanent improvemc:ils
ins been $1 .(100,200. The mail is
vry prosperous, tliou.yh burdened
nth a bond mortynye of $12,000 per
niles. The lenyth of the line is 7.1
niles.
IEV. DR. CHREITZBERG IS ILL
Venerable Preacher of the South
Carolina Conference Sustained
a Fall and Fracture.
Thousands of friends in South
arolina will be pained to learn of
he serious illness of the venerable A.
>1. ( hreit/.bery. the oldest member of
lie South Carolina conference, and
>erhaps the oldest preacher in I lie
late.
Dr. ('hreit/.bery stepped from the
otloni step of the stairs at his home
"i Hampton avenue Thursday niyht
iml received serious injuries on his
yht hip and left shoulder. A carnal
examination by consulting phvsiians
yesterday resulted in the anlouncement
that there had been a
'"actnre of the hip bone.
I his will be a very serious matter
or I)r. ('hreit/.bery, as he is verv
uuch advanced in yeai\. and it will
ican a linyeriny illness, even should
ie survive the shock of set tiny the
irokv u member.
On the 17th of this month Dr.
^hreit/.bery will be 87 years of aye,
.id all bii.l 1!' of (he years of that
imy career have been yiven to the
ninistry of the Methodist church j
nd t?? the viyorons. forceful, and '
accessful preachiny of the Word,
or i).l years hi' had an active collection
with IJie conference, liaviny
:>(,n placed on the superannuated
elation in 1802. II,. |lns hvi(.(l lvp.
esented the South Carolina conferee
in the ven'-ral conferences of
S78 and and has written a
umber of pamphlets which are re-j
aided as a part of the best litera- I
are of the South Carolina confer-|
uec. A immy other publications
'"in his pen is a history of the conerence.
A. Turkey Shoemaker.
" Well. remarked Archie, as lie
ame iu from the farm-yard, "von
tdks won't have to cat barefoot furcys
this year."
"What do von mean?" asked his
u?t her.
The buddiny humorist grinned rrenrously.
"T just shoo'd them," he replied.
-Judge.
THE NEWS OF POMARIA,
The Old Hen Dies Peacefully After
28 Years?Pleasant Entertainment.
I'omavia, December !>.?<An entertainment
was id veil Friday night in
the Hot he) seliool house by some of
the b??ys of Prosperity. A fairly
I good erowtl was present, ami the
show is spoken of as having been
very creditable,
Mr. John Sullivan, of Honea
Path, spent several days very pleasantly
here this last week. It is reported
that' some of the young men'
of Pomaria are not so anxious for
him to return.
A large eo.igsvgation was present
at Bethlehem church yesterday to
'near an excellent sermon by the pastor,
Hev. J. J. Long.
The frequent rains recently have
interfered seriously with the sowing
of oats. Some of the farmers in this
community had .jnst begun to sow
when the rainy weather commenced,
and if the rains continue, further
sowing will have to be postponed until
spring.
I'oinaria can no longer boast of tho
oldest hen in the stale. Mr. \V. Q.
Hipp, of this place, had a hen to die
on Thanksgiving day, thai was in her
28th year. While it seems incredible
that a iicn should live to this
age, yet there can b<> no (pics!inn of
the fact in this ease, for it is vouched
for by Mr, Hipp himself in whose
possession the hen lias been all the
time. An even more remarkable fact
is that she continued to lay up In
the very last year of her lif>, having
laid fix e <>r six egtis last spring.
It may not he out of place to state
that in spile id the suspicious day
of her demise?especially suspicious
when we recall how scarce thanks*
giving turkeys were?she did not
meet a violent death, but laid herself
down peacefully to rest, having successfully
escaped all the .perilous
x'icissitudes of quarterly conferences,
summer picnics, and the like, to
which her t ril < is heir.
S.
A Valuable Reversal.
There is a young artist in Washington
who classes himself as of I lie
impressionistic school, and who, boil
iv somewhat out in drawin. , gc;it
rally mokes up for his lack of technique
by spreading color recklessly
and counting on distance for his effect.
I At an amateur exhibition he o.ice
hung one of bis most extraordinary
i ,
perl orniances.
| "Well," said a friend, xviiotn the
I artist had taken to see the work, "f
don't want to flat! -r you, old chap,
but that is far ami away the best
stuff you have ever done. I congratulate
you."
Much pleased, the artist was receiving
the compliment with becoming
modesty, when he chanced again
to glance at the picture ami turned
very red. The committee had hung
it upside down!
Ilur ryi:ig to the head ol the oomj
mil tee, he was about to launch into
j a loud complaint, when iie was in!
formed of the good news that an
hour before the picture had been
sold for $(>]. The original price
mark had been $10.?hippincot I's.
On the campus at Stanford university
the score of fraternity houses
are cleaning up and preparing for
I lie social receptions and luncheons
to be givn to visitors on the day of
Hi.- big football game. A man got
the contract to paint the Dekc house
white with Hie understanding that
the job must he done and dried long
before Now !).
After making a rush start, the
painter asked |>crinission to ha.ig out
his sign. I lis requ? st was granted,
and he put up a conspicuous announcement
over the front porch:
'* I licse premises being painted by
til;;nk Blank."
Then the work dragged. He came
one day and stayed awav two. So
the impatient collegians added to the
sign neat lettering until the permanent
announcement read: "These premises
being painted by Blank Blank.
; Now and then."