The herald and news. (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, June 21, 1907, Image 1
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VOL LIV.NO 4. N it%R Y. .) O.RIt)A.Y JUNE 21, 1907. TWICE A WEEK, $1.50 A YEAR
VOLDD TLAV. N u hnwl b ene osdea! OSVL TO9HE DIOR__iean_o_iri_tio Ti- a.r l *. nn i-t-o--nre --- ta - a - -n lTHENE__O P_RPRT
A I T 4 . ~ a ~ , n A , A i ~ n A n h l R O ~ R V T . ' T n ' P ~ ~ f l ' P f D ~ ~ . v . . . : ' r . : . . . . s . A l. . . . I ' U K '~-r '-T -x
adUUjrdy LAI l
TO PAY INTERESTi
THE STATE TREASURER HAS 1
BORROWED $250,000.
Levy Was too Low this Year And
the Expenditures Will Exceed
the Revenue by $180,000
Says Oomp1troller Gen
eral Jones.
The State.
The State treasurer's office has
just negotiated a loan of $250,000
froin the 11anover National bank of
New York through the Palmetto Na
tio,nal bank of this city. The Palmet
to bank was the lowest of a number I
of bidders. The rate of interest is :
not stated more definitely than that :
it was less than 5 per cent., which 3
is considered a decidedly favorable
rate in view of the present state of
the ntoney market, many banks pay
ing inore than 5 per cent for money
in'New York. The Sir, hs receiv
ed money, on such a note as it ad- I
canved from this loan, as low as 3 7-8
per cent., but that was three years
agQ, when market conditions *were
favorable.
Both Comptroller General Jones E
and State Tresurer Jennings are of
the opinion that the state will have
to borrow $25.0,000 more before the
end of the year-will have to go to'(
the end of the $500,000 limit fixed
by law-and that next year on ac-.
count of this year's levy being re
duced the borrowing will have to go
merrily on.
As pointed out by The State some
months ago, the last legislature re
duced the levy one mill and increased
the appropriations by over $100,000.
The result is that in spite of the in
creased assessed,values the 'defieency
will be about $180,000, in the opin
ion of Comptroller General Jones.
The habit the State has fallen into
of borrowing yearly to meet current
expenses is costing from $8,000 to t
$13,000 in useless interest bills. Last
year the state borrowed $325,000
$100,000 in May, $150,000 in June
and $75,000 in August.
The $250,000 just borrowed is on,
deposit in the Palmetto bank, but 1
$1P0,000 of it is to be sent immed
iately to Charleston, where most of:
the State bonds are held. I
The State's semi-annual interest
bill, due the 1st of next month, is'
$143,000. Checks for this will be sent
out as required by statute three
days before the interest Is due, in. or
der to reach distant holders of bonds
as nearly on the day it is due as pos
sible. About $20,000 of the amount
borrowed has already been paid to
Clemson and the Citad3l and about:
$17,000 will be needed for current'
expenses for July.
This annual interest account of
$286,000 goes to meet the interest on I
the State's bonded debt of $6,500,000,
$6,000,000 of which bears interest at
the rate of 4 1-2 per ceut. Of the
remainder there are three perpetual
bond issues at 6 per cent.--$58,539 .39
on account of Clemson college and
$95,900 each on account of Clemson
*and the negro college at Orangeburg.,
This unsatisfactory condition of
State finances is disconraging after;
the efforts of Gov. Heyward, Comp.
troller General Jones and others, who,
struggled through sftral years to
get the legislature to place the State
~on a cash basis and stop) the interest'
drain oni account of floating debt.
They persuaded the legislature to in
crease the levy in 1005 to 5 1-2 mills,
but the appropriations were so heavy
and the current ex.penses had so innch
increased that in spite of the incereas
ed assessed value of property it was
necessary the following year to bo&'
row $325.000. In 19061 the levy was
put back to 5i mith, at which figure
it had been for 10 year. wi h mie re
suit that this year the elefielene:;
will be $180,000. Now for 1907 the
levy is 4 1-2 mills and the apprapria
tions are much heavier than they
were last year.
The total taxable property last year
was $249,534,000. It is not unlikely
that this' will be increased this year.
Already the railroad board of .aases
sors has increased the assessments
against the railroads by $32,000,000,
f precedent should be followed.
The following table, made up fig
tres from the comptroller general'
eports to the legislature, shows hov
he State has been see-sawing be
ween a credit and a cash basis foi
lie past 10 years:
Year. Tax Values.
1897.. ... .$173,871,000
1898.. . . ....173,237,000
1898.. . . ...174,600,000
1900.. . . ....178,845,000
1901.. . . ....189,333,000
1902.. . . ....195,776,000
1903.. . . ....204,405,000
1904.. . . ....201,331,000
1905.. .. ....220,224,000
1906..... ...249,534,000
Total Total
Cear revenue expenditure;
.897 .. .$ 980,602.49 $ 879,502.6L
.898 .. . 908,117.48 898.097.91
.899 .. . 916,533.15 866,484.2t
.900 .. . 937,019.61 947,068.0'
.901 .. . 1,002,834.31 1,016,758.6(
.902 . .. 1,022,252.12 1,223,971.2E
.903 .. . 1,170,143.63 1,118,137.9r
904 . .. 1,115,844.32 1,209,716.54
.905 .. . 1,352,351.89 1,227,613.80
.906 . .. 1,428,372.05 1,284,602.84
The receipts of 1897 included $88,
iOO.40 from the State dispensary
'nile those of 1903 included $89,137.
16 in settlement of a claim from th
ederal government which was secur
A by the presentation of the ''Blac
)ers'' found by the State treasur
41'S offie.
NEGLECTED HIS DUTY.
ffhen Washington Met Martha Ousti:
He Forgot Matters of Im
portance.
In the traditions of any member:
f the Washington family the stor;
f Martha Custis is of supreme -im
ortance, writes Cora A. Moore, it
lie New Broadway Magazine.
It happened one day that she wa;
isiting at the plantation of a neigh
or, Major Chamberlayne, when ther(
iame riding in haste an officer in th(
ritish uniform. The business that li
ad with the majov ne transacted
uickly, declining an invitation t(
tay because, as he declared, lie waE
)n his way to the governor at Wil
iamsburg on masters of importance
lut the host repeated the invitatioy
nore urgently, slyly remarking tha
ie had also beneath his roof the hand
omest widow in Virginia, a young
nid charming woman.
*Ah, a lady in the case! That wa
ifferent. But the plans of met
ave often waited on Cupid. Whet
he lady whom he met in the major'
Irawing room he forgot Williams
.urg and the governor. And she
)eased with the conraze of that col
nel, George Washington, of whos
nilitary fame she had heard so mucn
eintillated and sparkled with evet
liore than her usual fascinatior
'hat evening, long after the rest o
he household had retired, lie and th
~harming widow sat by thme fireplac
ni the shadowy drawing room, with
~ut a chaperon to regulate the tid
iF swiftly moving events.
Soon there wvas a resplendent wed
ing at the home of the bride. Direct
y afterward a coach and saw korset
~uided by liveried black positilior.
onveyed the newly married pair t
er town house .in Williamsburg
usiness interests for some time de
nanded the presence of Colonc
Vashington at the espito1. Later h
ook his bride and her twvo childrer
NEartha Parke Custis and John Park
ustis, to his own estate at Moun
ernon, where they enjoyed that hap
y domestic life whlch is celebrate
n history.
amous Buffalo Herd Sent to Oanadi
issula Correspondence Anacond
Stand ard.
The last of thme famous Allard her
f buffaloes of the Flathead reserve
ion, which was recently purchase
y the Can-adiani government at
rice of about $116,000, will be loal
ed at the Ravalli stockyards tomo;
ow on cars of t'he Northern Pacifi
mad shipped to Edmontony Alberta.
A large crowd of Missoula peopi
left tonight for Ravalli to wvitnet
he loading tomorrow and get th
last view of the herd before it leav
Montana forever.
Conserve our Natural Resources
Adopt Inheritance Tax.
uI addressing the members of the
National Editorial AAsociation today
Presidept Roosevelt devoted himself
almost wholly to the discussion of
two questions-the reshaping of our
system of taxation so as to make it
hear most heavily on those capable of
supporting the strain, and the utiliza
tion of the natural resources of the
nation in the way that will be of most
benefit to the nation as a whole. He
gave more attention to the latter
question than to the former.
Referring in his opening remarks
to the power wielded by writers for
newspapers and periodicals, the Pres
;ident Said:
Be Open-Eyed and Impartial.
''It is essential. that the man in
public life and the man who writes
I in the public press shall both of them,
if they are really good servants of
the people, be prompt to assail wrong
doing and wickedness. But in thus
assailing wrong-doing and wickedness
there are two conditions to be ful
filled, because if unfulfilled harm and
not good will result. In the first place,
be sure of your facts and avoid ev
erything like hysteria or exaggera
tion; for to assail a decent man for
something of which lie is innocent
is to give aid and comfort tn every
scoundrel while indulgence in hys
terical exaggeration serves to weaken,
not strengthen, tihe statement of
truth.
'' In le second place, be sure that
you base your judgment on conduct
aId not. on the social or economic
position of the individual vi.th whon
you are dealing. There are good and
bad men in every walk of life, and
their being good or had doe" not de
pend upon whether they have or do
not have large bank accounts. Yet
I this elemental fact, this fact which
we all accept as self-evident, when
we think each of us of the people
whom lie himself knows in his busi
ness and social relations, is often
completely ignored by certain public
men and certain public writers. The
men who thus ignore it and who at
tack wickedness only when found in
a particular class are always unsafe,
and are sometimes very dangerous.
leaders.
'Distru.i equallv the man who is
never able to discover any vices of
rich men to attack and the main who
confines himself to attacking the sins
and shortcomings of rich men. It is
a sure sign of moral and mental dis
honesty in any man ft in his public
- assaults upon iniquity he is never
)able to see any iniquity save that of I
a particular class; a.ud this whether
lhe is able only to see the crimes of
arrogance and oppression in the rich
or the crimes of envy and violencel
. in the poor. He is no true American
I if he is a respecter of persons where
A ri ht and wrong are concerned and if
a lie fails to denounce the demagogue
- no less th-an the corroul)tiornist. to
i deniounce alike crimes of or'ganized
greed and crimes of brutal violence.
. Thr1 eqnal need to denounce the
.. wealthy manm w~ho swidles investors
or buys legislators or oppresses wage
s workers, anid the needy man whlo in
Iflames class be~ I red or incites mob)
violence. We ned to hold tIhe scales
-of just ice even, a.nd to weigh them
Idowvn on one side is as bad as to weigh
Bthem downm onl the other'.'
Conserving Our Natural Resources.
STaking up 'then the two great
t movements in public life wvhich lie
- had selected for discussion, President
1 R|oosevtl declared that thme conser
vation of our natural resources and
their .proper use constitute the tuna
mental priobilem which under'lies al
*most every other proble1m of our .na
Stional life. For this wvork the one
!characteristie which is more essential
than anytesforesight. But uin
fortunately foresight is not usually
a characteristic of a young and vig
orous people and huithue'to as a nation'
we have tended to li' ft h an eye]
-single to the present and have per
Smitted the reckless waste and des
truction of much of our natural
wealth.
s The President then reviewed' the
work of the reclamation service, be
Sgun ini 1902, in rendering fertile and
habitual mnnv parts ofthe West by
well begun, but there will be no I
bialt. The public lands of the Unit
ed States should be utilized in simi
lar fashion. Our present public land
hws were passed when there was a
fast surplus of vacant public laid
and when the chief desire was to so
etire settlers thereon. [ittle atten
tb was paid to the details affecting
the disposal of the lands and lax ex
e0ution of the law became the rule.
tAnd frauds were common and little
noted. These frauds are now being
stanild out and vigorous efforts are
being made to enforce the law.
Public Lands Belong to Public.
The da,nger of allowing the public
lands to pass into the hands of a few
men was pointed out, and the neces
sity for the conservation of the for
ests stressed. The mineral fuels of the
Eastern States are already in the
hands of large private owners. Steps
should he taken to see that the same
thing does not follow In the West.
The mineral fuels should be conserv
ed, not wasted, as is the case nuder
private ownership very often, and
enough of them should remain in the
hands of the Government to protect
the people against unjust or extor
tionate prices so far as that can still
be done. There are at present, some
300 million aCres of public donain,
open to lie free grazing of cattle,
sheep. hlorses and goaTs without res
triction or regulation. This land is
now heing skinned by men whose on
ly Coneern is to get what they can out
of it at the moment, careless as to
whether or not it is ruined in the pro
cess. The only remedy is to give con
trol of this range to the Government.
Waterways Needed.
The inability of the railroads of
the United States to meet the de
man,ds upon them has drawn public
att&stion forcibly to the use of our
waterways for transportation. But it
is obvious that this is only one of
their many uses, and that a planned
and orde'rly development is impossi
ble except by taking into-account all
the services they are capable of ren
dering. It was upon this ground that
the wn4.-d waterwiys commission was
recently appointed. Their duty is to
proee n comprelhelve plan for the
improveme6t andi utilization of those
gret waterways which are the great
poten tial higlhways or the eountr.
Their duty is also to bringl together
the polints of view of all users of
st ie- ms. and to submit a geieral planl
for the development and conservation
of the vast natural resources. Clearly
it is impossible for the waterways
commission to accomplish its greit
task without eonsidering the relation
of streams to the conservation andl
use of all other natural resources.
As illustrative of the importance
which he attaches to this stibjeet, tle
President declared that even such
questions as the regulationl of r.i'
way rates and the control of corpor
ations are in reality subsidiary to the
jpreservationl in the interests of the
whole people of the resouirces that
nature has giveni ns. If we fail to
selve this problem no skill ini -:olving
the others will ini the end avail us
v'er greatly3.
An Inheritance Tax.
l'aking up the matter of taxati. 1:
Mr. Roosevelt stated that most greit
ib.ilized countries have an in.someu
tax an,d an inheritan 1ce tax, andl 41'
elared that, in his .ind2eid. boi
should be par't of our systenm of1 FedI
evali t.cxation. As I,to lie first he
spoke briefly and diffdently, in
view of the decision of the Supreroe
Court declaring anconstitutional one
sneh scheme of taxation, and because
of its difficulties inl the way of ad
ministration. As to the latter lie de
elar'ed it would serve the purpose of
having the swollen fortunes of the
country bear in proportion to their
size a constantly increasing burden
of taxation.
''These fortunes,'' he continued,
''exist solely, because of the protec
tion given the owners by the public.
They are a constant sonrce of care
and anxiety to the public, and it is
eminently just that they should be
forced to pay heavily for the protee
tion given them. It is, of course, ele
mentary that the nation has the abso
lte right to decide as to the terms
upon which any man shall receive
a hequest or devise from another. We
hve repatedly n)laced lnws on our
peatedly been declared constitution
al by t,he Courts. I believe ,that the
tax should contain the progressive
principle. Whatever any individual
receives, whether by gift, bequest, or
devise, in life or in death, should, af
ter a certain amount is reached, be
increasingly burdened; and the rate
of taxation should be increased in
proportion to the remoteness of blood
of the man receivi,ng from t,he man
giving or devising. The principle of
t'his progressive taxation of inheri
tances has not only been authorita
tively recognized by the legislation
of Congress, but it is now unequivo
cally adopted in the leading civilized
nations of the world-in, for instance,
Great Britain, France and Germany.
Switzerland led off with the imposi
tion of high progressive rates. Great
Britain was the first of the great na
tions to follow suit, and within the
last few years both France and Ger
many have adopted the principle. In
Great Britian all estates worth five
thousand dollars or less are practi
cally exempt from deat-h duties, while
the increase is such that when an
estate exceeds five millions of dol
lars in value and passes to a distant
kinsman or stranger in blood the Gov
ernment receives nearly 18 per cent.
As it is in France.
'In France, under the progressive
system, so much of an inheritance as
exceeds ten millions of dollars pays
over 20 per cent to the state if it
passes to a distant relative, and 5
per cent if it passes to a direct heir.
In Germany very small inheritances
are exempt, but the tax is so sharibly
progressive that an inheritance not in
agricultural or forest lands, which ex
ceeds two hundred and fifty thois
and dollars, if it goes to distant rela
tives, is taxed at the rate of about
25 per cent.
"The German law is of special in
terest, because it makes the inheri
tance tax an imperial measure, while
allotting to the individual States of
the Empire a portion of the proceeds
and permitting them t4) imtpose taxes
in addition to those imposed by the
Imperial Government. In the United
States the National Government has
.inore than once imposed inheritance
taxes in addition to those imiosed by
the States, and in the last instance
about one-half of the states levied
such taxes concurrently with the Na
tional Government, making a com
bined maximum rate, in some cases
as high as 25 per cent; and, as a mat.
ter of fact,-several States adopted
inheritance tax laws for the first
time while the national Iaw was still
inl force and in repealed.
A Commendable Feature.
"'The French law has one featur<
which is to be heartily commended,
The progressive principle is so appli
ed that each higher rate is imposed
only on the excess above the amoun
subject to the next lower rate. Thi;
plan is peculiarly adapted to the
working out of the theory of using
the inheritance tax for the purlmposi
of limiting the size of inheritabhi
fortunes, since the progressive in
crease in the rates, according to thi!
modle, may be carriedl to its logica
conclusion in a maximum rate of near
Ily 100 per cent for the amount ii
excess of a specified stun, without be
ing confiscatory as to the rest ol
the inheritance ; for each increase ii
rate would apply only to the amouni
ab)ove a certain maximumm, I do nol1
believe that any advant age come!
either to the countrmy as a whole or th
the individuals inheriting the money
by permitting the transmission it
their entirety of such enormous for
munes as have beeni accumulated it
America. The tax could be made t<
| bear more heavily upon persons re
siding out of the country thain upo)0
'those residing within it. Such a hieava
progressive tax is, of course, in n<
shape or way a tax on thrift or in
dtistr'y, for thrift and industry havi
ceased to possess any measurablm
inmportanumce in the acquisition of thn
swollen fortunes of wvhich I speal
long before tihe tax wvouldl in any wvay
seriously affect them. Such a taa
would be one of the methods by whici
we s'hould( try, to -preserve a measur
ab)le equality of opportunity for th<
people of the generation growing t<
ma nhood. AsaI Licoln pointed out
there are sonie respects in which mci
nre obvionsly not. eqal; btut there i.
The Movements of Many People.
Some Oome and Some Go-Social
and Otherwise.
Prosperity, Juno 20.--Walter Wise
and Jas. Calmes are home from the
Porter Military Aicademy, Clarles
ton, to spend the holidays.
Misses Della and Bessie Bowers
have gone to Atlanta to visit rela
tives; from Atlanta they go to Chat
tanooga to visit Mr. J. P. Cureton.
Mr. and Mrs. E. D. Bedenbaugh,
of Atlanta, are visitin-g Mrs. B.'s par.
ents, Rev. and Mrs. Z. W. BQden
baugh.
MrbJno.o Hawkins has returned\
from a pleasant trip to Lexington Co.
Hart Kohn, A. B. Wise and C. P.
Barre left. Monday for the James
town exposition.
Col. Jno. F. Hobbs, and little
daughter, Miss Ethel, left to visit re
latives at Hopes.
Miss Leggett, who has been the ef
fleient milliner of Mrs. Calmes the
past. season, left for her home in
Scotland Neck, N. C., Monday.
Dr. and Mrs. J. S. Wheeler have
gone to Hendersonville. Mrs. Wheeler
will spend the summer. Dr. Wheeler
will return in a few days.
Misses Lena Lester and Lizzie Haw
kins are visiting friends in Silver
Street.
Miss Marl-y Lee Barre is visiting
Ler sister A, M-. K. al-, in Greei
wood. She was acconi edaliet by Miss
MX:1ry1.Y. - Wiise.
Mr. and Mrs. A. G. Wise have re
turned from Glenni Springs.
There will het a ch1urhell social at
tle Lutheran parsonage Friday even
ing.
-Mrs. 1). M. Ward. ot Newberry,
visited Mrs. B. It. Sehumpert this
week. -
Mrs. Loriek, of Irmo, after a pleas
a-; i -. ner Ristc-, Mrs A. A.
Singley, returned to her home - on
Tuesday.
Miss (hissie Nuninnaki-, ol' Lex
ington Co., is visiting relatives in
town anld vicinlity.
Our town was honored Tuesday by
a visit fron Maj. 1. W1'. 1l1iiler and
bride iniee Miss Alice Mettze. of Lez
ington.
Mrs. C. M. Harnion and Miss Effie
Conly art- visitin.- n Lit tl Mouintaini.
Miss Annie .1amieson, of Newber
rv.. anil friend, of Laurens, after a
1le.asanit. visit to Miss Jessie Moseley
retuirned to their homes Tuesday.
Mi'. B. L. Wheeler, of the postal
service, was in town Tuesday.
The vonim, people nad a pleasant
evening of it on Monday. They gave
Miss Jessie Moseley and her visitors
at srilprise party whicl was much en
joyed.
Mrs. (. Y. Hl11unter and Misses leriin
Kohn and Ger(rude Simpson will at
tend Itie Missioiary Con'ference to
be held at, Kenilworht Ti. Asheville,
N. C.. liule 28, .July 7th.
Unearthed a Buried Tree.
Keunnerbce Jouriunl.
A lbonut 70 yearus ago millions of
toins Of earithi, bouiilders and gravel
slidl from t.he sidle of Monnt Katahdia
to Sordnahunk stream, a distance of
seven miles, and daummed the streamlfl,
forming what is known to West
Branch lumbermen as Slide dam.
A repair cew of a paper company
i'ecently had occasion t.o remove a
gnuantity of' gravel from this depo.sit.
At a depth of 10 feet they found the
trunk of a spru'Ice tree bent like a
bow, the top held .down by a bouilder
weighing many tons. The trunk was
soiiud, but the bar'k and1( foliage had
been i'emoved by the scr'aping the
treet ri'CCved when the slide occur
-red.
Another' lar'ge tr'ee with foliage
intact was found in the pit. The fol
inge when first removed fr'om the
earth looked fresh green, as if it had
juts been r'tAnovedq fo agrowing
tree, but faded somewhmat in a few
hours..
no reason why thiere should not be an
equality of self-i'espeet and of mu.
tuial re.spedet, a.n equality of rights be
-fore the law, and at least an appro
ximate equality in t;he conditions uin
der' which each man obtains the
chance to show the stuff that is in