Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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a.9n4 'ofte of the best farmers in the - Otato, tried. 10 aeres' o'i his fadr'm in ] 1exington county. He followed the plan as closely as 'he could, but on account of the excessive rainfall was pot able to apply; fertilizer at the pro per time. He made 400 bush6is on 16 acres. He had made on the same land, under the old method, 15 bush els to the ,aere, with, 200 pounds of fertilizer. Capt. Griffith says he cut the piece describing the. Williamson plan out of the. paper last spring. He is. satisfied that the plan is the troe method of cultivating corn; says there is not a bit of doubt about it. He is impressed with the improved condi tion of land under this method. From every quarter of the State news has been received of the plan being .tried and found 0. K. Nobody doubts it but thos who have not tried it. I made several measurements in the Irows on Mr. Williamson's plantation. The first 30 feet showed 34 stalks; the second 39; the third 44, and the fourth 36. This makes a rough aver-. age of 38 stalks, or about eight inches apart. This corn would average 65 bushels,to the acre. Enormous Root Growth. The enormous root growth is mark ed. A grown man can hardly pull up the stalks now and can not do so when they are green. Weighing the cob and the corn shows that 87.50 per cent. is corn, as against.60 per cent, for the old meth od. One of the notable features is the large full ear; there are very few faulty ears'and nubbins. I noticed this in every pile of corn I saw while in Darlington county. There is as qnuch improvement in the averagel ear as in the actual amount of corn made. As to Mr. Williamson. So solicitious is he that the lan should be exploited for the benefit of the "one-horse" farmer that Mr. Wil liamson shuns personal notoriety of all kinds. He has made nothing and expects to make nothing by his dis covery, which is destined to change the face of the country, and almost at a bound make the South independent of the world. When the Southern farmer is raising his corn and meat, he can fairly well set a price for his cotton and get it. However, it is not violating this rule of Mr. Williamson's to say he was educated under Dr. J. M. Me Bryde, then the leading agriculturalist. of the South, and it was on account of this training in scientific agriculture that the discovery became possible. Mr. Williamson felt that lie was doing nothing toward making corn except in making stalks, and that it was of the last importance that a method should be found for making corn. 'We were all in darkness,'' lie says, ''and I lighted a lamp, by means of which I found the way out.'' Mr. Williamson deprecates any criticism of Prof. W. P. Massey, te noted agriculturalist of R aleigh, for he recognizcs Prof Massey's great service to Southern agricnlture. Mr. WVilliamison feels sure lie can convert Prof. Massey and that the latter's criticism of the *Williamson p)lan rests on a mnisunderstanding of wvhat the plan is. In any event he feels that Prof. Massey deserves more than *ordinary consideration at the hands of every Southern farmer and he free ly accords it, no matter what Prof. Massey may think of his plan. There has been strong talk of hold ing a corn convention in Columbia about the 1st of February, in order that ffirmners from all over the State may meet together and compare ex periences for the coming year. The importance of the subject demands it. This dis9covery is the brightest gleam of light that has yet fallen on the Southern farmer. James Henry Rico, Jr. MR. W[t&IAMSON'S PLAN oP HOW TO GROW CORN. Scientific Discovery of (7orn Olture by D. Mclver Willisambon of )a.r Owing to the interest manifested in tl4e Williamson plan of corn culture The State today reproduces in 'detail the icvr of a successfull Darling 2 For a nnmber of years after I hagan to farm I followed the old niethao4 of putting the fertilizer all mde7 the. cofD, planEing on a level or higher, six by three feet, pushing the plant from the start And making a big stalk, but the eaiy 'were few and .requently small. I planted much cor'n in the spring amnd bought mueh more corn the next epring, until final ly I, was 'driven to the conclusion that corn could not be mnado on uplands in this section, certainly not by the old method except at a loss. "I did not givae up, however, for I knew that a fermer who did not make his own corn never had nleceehded, an l nevei' woulW, soI began to experi nen First I planted lower, and the yiOl( was better but the stalk was ofill to large, so I discontinued altogethe the app)ication of fertilizer befor planting, and knowing tha4 all crop should be fertilized at some time, used mixed fertilizer as a side appli cation and applied the more solubb nitrate of soda later, being guided it this by the excellent results obtaine( from its use as a top dressing foroats still the yield, though regular, wa not large, and the smallnes's of th stalks now suggested that they shoul be planted thicker in the drill. Thi was done the next year with result so satisfactory that I continued fror year to year to increase the number o stalks and the fertilizer, with whic to sustain them, also to apply nitrat of soda at last plowing, and to la by early, sowing peas broadcast. Thi method steadily increased the yiel until year before last (1904) wit corn 11' inches apart in six-foot row and $11 worth of fertilizer to the acre I made 84 bushels average to the acr< several of my best acres making a much ap 125 bushels. 'Last year (1905) I followed th same method, planting'the first wee in April 70 acres which had produ'e the year before 1,000 pounds seed cot ton per acre. This land is sandy uj land, somewhat rolling. Seasons wer very unfavorable, owing to the tr< mendous rains in May and the dr and extremely hot weather late: From June 12 to July 12, the tim when it moet needed moisture, thei wos only five-eighths of an inch c rainfall here; yet with $7.91 cost c fertilizer, my yield was 52 bushAL per nere. Rows were six feet an corn 16 inees in drill. ''With this method, on land thE will ordinarily produce 1,000 pound of seed cotton with 800 pounds c fertilizer, 50 bushefs of corn per ac1 should be made by using 200 pound of cotton seed meal, 200 pounds c acid phosplite and 400 pounds c kainit mixed, or their equivalent i other fertilizers, and 325 pounds c nitrate of soda, all to be used t side application as directed below. ''On land that will make a hal and one-half of cotton per acre whi well fertilized, a hundred bushels o corn should be produced by doublin the amount of fertilizer above, excel that 300 pounds of nitrate of sod should be used. ''In each case there should be let on the land in corn stalks, peas, vin< and roots, from $12 to $16 worth c fertilizer material per acre, besid< the great benefit to the land friom s large an amount of vegetable matte The place of this in the permaner improvement of land can never 1: taken by commercial fertilizer, ft it is absolutely impossible to mak lands rich as long as they are laec ing in vegetable matter. 'Land should be thoroughly an, deeply broken for corn, and this i the time in a system ,of rotation deepen the soil. Cotton requires more compact soil than corn, an while a deep soil is essential to ii as well on loose open land, while eor does best on land thiorough1ly brokei A deep soil will not only produce mom heaivily than a shallow soil wit.h goo seasons, but it wvill stand more wet a well as more dry weather. ''In preparing for the corn croi land should be broken broadcast dii ing~ thme winter one-fourth deeper tham~ it has been plowed before, or if mune vegetable matter is being turned umi dher, it may be broken one-third decer er~. This is as .much deepening a land wvill usually stand in one yea andl produce well, though it may b continued each year, so long as mume dead vegetable matter is being turne under. It nmy, howvever, lbe subsoil ed to any depthm by folowing in bol tom of turn plow furrow, provided n more of the subsoi? thptn has boo directed is turned up. 19rmeak with two-horse plow if possible, or bctta with disc plow. With the latter, coi ton stalks or corn stalks as large a we ever make can bd turned unde without leaving been chopped, and i: pea v'ines it wvill not choke or drag Never p)loW land when it is wet, if yo expect over to have any use for i again. "'Bed wIth turn plow in six-foo rows, leaving five-inch balk. Who ready to plant, break ths out wit scooter, following in bottom of ti fur'row deep with 0Dlxle plow, win taken off. Ridge then on this furrgn with same jilow still going deep. Ru corfl planter on this ridge, droppa ons grain every five or six inchei Plant ea neeon as frost danger i past, say first seasonabile spell aft. March 35th, in this seetion. Especiall, is early planting necessary on vor rich lands wvhero stalks cnnot othet wvise be prevented from growing to large. Give first working wvith hat row or atny plow that wIl not cove the plant. For second working, us ten dr twelve-inch sweep on both side of sorn which should'now be abou 6ight inches high. Thin after I working. It is not necessary that ) plants should be left all the a r distabce apart, if the right nur 3 remain to each yard of row. " 'Corn should not be worked aj I until the growth has been so ret'ar - and the stalks so hardened that it 3 never grow too large. This is I most difficult 'point in the whole Iess. Experience and judgment P required to know just howi much 3 stalk should be stunted, and pl, 3 of nerve is required to hold back I corn when your neighbors, who r 3 lized at planting time and cultiv 3 rapidly, have corn twice the sizi I yours. (They are having their now. Yours will come at hat I time.) The richer the land the i 3 necessary it is that the stunting V cess should be thoroughly done. ' "When you are convinced your corn has been sufficiently hit ated, you may begin to make the 3 It should now be from 12 tc inches high, and look worse than have ever had corn to look befor< ''Put half your mixed ferti (this being the first used at all tie old sweep furrow on both . of every other middle, and cove: breaking out this middle with plow. About one week later trea other middle the same way. Wi ia few days side corn in first mi with 16-inch sweep. Put all yom Y Crate of soda in this furrow, if than 150 pounds. If more, use e half of it now. Cover with one fui of turn plow, then sow peas in middle broadcast at the rate e least ones bushel to the acre, finsh breaking out. "In a few days side corn in c middle with same sweep, put bal of nitrate of soda in this furroi s it has been divided, cover with c plow; sow peas, and break out. lays hy your crop with a good 1and plenty of (irt arointd your s This should be from June 10 tc unless the season is very late, corln should be hardly bunehing tassel. s "Lay by early. More corn is i ed by late plowing (lan by lae a plowng. This is .when the ear is I f Two good rains after laying by sh1 make you a good erop of corn, am t will certaily make with nmucl rain thian If pushed and fertilize the old way. "''The stalks thus raIsed are s small, and (1 not rcrInire anyt f like the moisture evenl n1 propol s to size, that is neces-:ary for e sappy stalks. They may, there'for left much thicker in the row. Th t no new process. It has long be e custom to cut back vines and r in order to increase the yield e quality of fruit, and so long as do not hold back your corn, it wil like mine so long went, all to sta. " "Do not be discouraged by s looks of your cori during the pr< o of cultivation. It will yield ou a all prmoportion) to its appearence. El ge stalks can not make large yi s except withI ext remely favor'able e sons., form the y canl not stan a11f lat i mioisturie. Eeaurly appl ica tions .imaure go to inake large stalks, w 1.you (1o not wanmt, anid the plant 1 s (Cont inued on pac-e six.) An Organ that will last a life time is whai - want. Our Om gans have a pure - and lovely cases. We can su Syou with an Organ that will ple.a every particular for only $65 an< delivered. Write US for our sp aterms of payment, and for illustra1 of the beautiful Organs referred to, iIf you prefer a Piano we have I tiful and good new Uprights from -up on easy terms. - A&iress 'Malone's Music Hotus c.~uMnIA, S. C. sWoods Seeds r SSeed Choe*a; Recleane< We have thousands of' bushels in stock, selected from the best crops grown in this country; all the best and moat productive i kinds. Burt, or 90-Day, Black Tartarian, Swedish Select, Red Rust Proof, WhHis and Black Spring, Vir naGyWinter, ete. 'Write WOOD'S NEW SEED BOOK for 1907 -tolls all about Seed Oats and all LFarni and Garden Seeds. Mailed )free on request. / RICHMOND, .VA. Analytical View of tht aber Greatest Combination of strong in ,ain Complete Common Sense, Pra will Ready Seller for the Agent, the >ro tire 1. Cash the able: 31ty 2. Cash our Protection able 1rti- 3. Cash ftted 3of disal fun Afforded. 4. Cash ,vest sure( iore 5. Cash pro- turit) that 0 ni- 1. Paid ear. NL 2. Extei 18 Non- 3. Liber Forfeiture . Auto. lizertcp ) in Privileges prerr ides &0 5. Chan, by 4 indei turn the thin. Paid (i."l Maturity Divi ni- 2. Paid oe Settlements Val irow 3. Both this 4. Life r at and 1. Incon Ute 2. Auto ahcr 8. Polio lapsi turn 4. 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The "Universal" Coffee yeari a he:.'% and ir.vignating beverage, I coletes thiroth:h the coll.e, rasdaah1y hacre. some properdtes of t.e cofe e an are eraci ] ~th~e '. a is ready to serve-sppetzing. rc e.d 'EUe" Eme Ware. $2.50 up, si The "Universal" Food i Yhopper la so large that whatewver is bo'q cho dIfi .t fish endi vielables, fans or coara i Combination Policy surance Features Ever Devised. ctical Policy for the Insured, People's Peerless Policy. Weekly Income, if Totally or Partially dis i by Accident (62 weeks). Weekly Income, if Totally or Partially dis I by Sickness (52 weeks), Annual Income, if Totally or Permanently led by Any Cause (Ten Years). payment, Face of Policy, upon death of in I. Annual Income-Old age benefit after ma of policy. 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