Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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TILLMAN IN TEXAS. He Discusses Agricultural and Tech Incal Schools-Contrasts the Mer its of Clemson with the Texas School to the Advantage of South Carolina. Houston Post. The following is the text of the ad dress delivered before the faculty and student body of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas by Sen ator Ben R. Tillman, of South Car olina, on the morning of October 17: Dr. Harrington, Ladies and Gen tlemen and Students of the Texas Agricultural and Mechanical College: It is a peculiar pleasure to me, from associations which have just been mentioned, to be with you. It is a source of great gratification always to look into the bright young faces ot college students any time or any where. The world looks so bright to them, everything is so full of hope and ambition and purposes that it does an old man like me good to go back once in a while, even for a brief time, and drink from the spring, as it were, of youthful inspiration. In addition to what has been said about my having had something to do with founding the State College of Agriculture in our State, I claim as an equal or superior distinction the paternity of a college for women in South Carolina, so I have a double in terest in education along techincal and industrial lines. In thinking about the subject or the subjects that I should talk to you on this morning, I am led to make brief allusion to your school here, because it is im possible for us not to make comparl sons, and while some author on good manners has said that comparisons are odious they are not always useless because it sometimes causes attention to be attracted to the subject or to conditions which otherwise escape notice. Texas is a great Commonwealth great in very many ways. The larg est in all the sisterhood of Stateg in area, and the largest in possession of very rich arable land. You have an immense area of fertile soil, sim ilar to a very large number of East ern States, but you have more of what I would call rich soil; soil adopted to profitable agriculture, than any other State. I have made it my business since I have been in public life and had opportunity to go about over this country of ours as often P- duties would allow. I felt that it was an obligation that I owed to the position I hold as one of the ninety Senators who make laws for the United States to familiarize my selt with the people and with the geography of the country. I have, therefore, been in every State in the Union except, three, and I have roam ed up anl(d down, back and fortI, North, Sonth, I'ast and West; so that I have a b)irdseye view of the ent ire Uion, and I cani speak withi author ityv in dleclaring that the possibiilit ies of this imperial Commonwealth and its capacity for maintaining p)opula ion are immense. Sonic Comparisons Made. The State of Iowa, I believe, is the one gem in the collection of Commoni wealths which has more rich land, ae cordhing to its size, t han any and all others. It is about one-sixth as lar ge as Texas. b)ut it will make ini the neighborhood of 400,000,000 bushels of cor~n this year; but every acr'e of it is practically under cultivation and it has less wvaste land in it than any other State in the Union, hence its magnificent record as a producer. 1 sitartedl to make some comparisons and 1 want every person to under stand that it~ is solely for the purpose of helping this school as I know how -that is all I have in viewv. South Carolina, with 34,000 square miles, and a v'ery large proportion of that is v'ery inferior soil, agricultunrally, has only about 600,000 white people in it. WVe have about 800,000 negroes -more's the pity; but South Caro lina with about the one-fifth of your white p)opulationi and about one-tenth of your area can outclass you on an agricultural and mechnnical college so badly that it ought to make Texas hang her head in shame. I do n~oI, speak now of the students, please, be cause I would not like to run the risk of making any comparison between the manhood aind all the other admir able qualities which young men like yourselves and other college students ought to possess. I am merely speaking of the mater * al development which I witness here. With your area and population it seems almost' niecessary, if the State is not to lag behind in the race of should be up and doing and should n'ot be so narrow and niggardly in its educational policy. Of course, I. pre stune that, there mnayj have been no detinpd for this pa,iculiur kind ofi 'c1uq~j tm~i, aywasoog ,~i ties. Without knowing anything a that, I will mention as a matte comparison that our college in a tie poverty-stricken State, as it v in comparison with yours, has ac modation and now in attendance boys; and we are at work on a dormitory for 200 boys mbre, cause we have demand for the i of education we are giving, and long as there are three. or four five hundred more applicants I our present dormitory will accom date the boara of trustees will ( tinue to spread out, if the mo holds out. When I am told by your presid that he is now compelled to make rangements for some of the overl here by putting some of the studc in tents, I realize that Texas I self, or the young men of Texas beating at the doors of an wholly Rdequately supplied school. I not merely going on the question numbers, for your buildings do onpare with ours, and I am s that the - entire equipment must inadequate or else the people rexas are not as anxious for t dnd of education which this sch ilong with others like it-ours i he Mississippi College in partic -are intended to afford. Early Realized Need of Schools In my earlier efforts in the beg ling of my discussion and agitat 'or the establishment of a college south Carolina that should practic y educate and equip a young man he battle of life and enable E Ohen he got out of college to go vork for himself rather than have >egin, as for instance, in law or r licine or in any other profession my other calling, my idea was t is hand and eye should be trait Ohen lie is educating his head a ,etting the ordinary drill in >ranches usually taught in a colic live him something to make br( md butter-if I may come down ;o practical an idea as this, I re zed from my own experience a, armer how little I knew about cience of agriculture and how li jualified to promote it, except fr he butting ont of my brains agai 3xperiments and trying to learn lid my father and my father's fat in the old ignorant, slipshod good-for-nothing methods. It was from my own experienc evolved the idea that the system education which we had was whi erroneous and founded upon a eoi tion which obtained before the w whereas the war had left all of poor, our lands were improveris and badly riu down and the coi tions were so desperate there wa need for scientific drill and ;peeializing in the different branel in fruit husbtandry, iji dairying i ther thiings like that, and study Wver the question of giving my 0 hoys a better chance than I had. T hothi went to the Ag'ricultuiral Colb wentt throughd and graduiated afte1 was est ablishied. One of them is r a farmer; the other has studied 4inee and is beginning to sit aroi in the omee waiting for clients; whatever may come of them in future, I have alwmays felt that [4ontact with piaretical life and robservat ion of practical conditi which ought to be obtailned at cv agricult ural and mechanical col ?an but prove beneficial to thcm. Your State is so large and its po at ion so rapidly increasing to t legree that this school cannotlbegil accommodate the pupils who will messarily want this kind 0f drill, less you are better provided v funds. Because even on rich Ian amnd you have got a great deal o: -rich land farmed with intellige andl brains will produce far mn than if it is farmed with ignorni sluggishness and laziness, and w' your State has made littl.e or no mn yet in the effort to establish ma factures, those wvill come in ti necessarily, and I think it will pr here as it has proved wvith us the great many young men come into wvorld who uinder no possible cot lions are ever~ fit to farm. Difficult to Pick Out Trade. Of course it is impossible for person to take a child and pick wvhat following that child had 1 pursue. There are huindreds of U11 sands of men in this country now i would have made good farmers ,i are living in town or in some. fact rnd have never found a business which they were best adapted; as there are many hundreds 'of thc ands, perhaps millions, of, farx who are not doing so well in that g (ession who would have succeeded; suirably in other,eallings. And ,too ben it has happened that vAien a : low has failed in everything e ,voll, they say,, ''Let hlng go to fai ng, lie is not fit for anything ek as though any fool could "fim. f there is any error or heresy t1 s fos than that, I 4Aot' kupw P'houagh fren gowno OLO.$ vik )Out experience, I do not hesitate to tq e of you that it takes more brains, mo lit- sound judgment, more discrinjinatic 'ore, and discretion and more ability to a om- promptly to farm successfully tl 650 almost any of the ordinary agling new The seasons change, the .co'dilioi be- of the crop change every day a aind pording'to the weather, (44db08su a cesiful fari'Wio the mnan thini or and ,acfts prompty Jn regard to. til han conditin' befoie him that. di iAt mo- which will lead him to do the thir ,on- that ought to be done that dayqatl ney er than wait until to-morrow or ne week. lent Then there are some farneirs wi ar- are always behind with their woz )1us an(] who instead of driving the Mts work, allow their work to drive then ter- These fellows ought to be on an ei aro gine where the thing would carr in- them along if they would simply pit am the throttle open. The fireman he of to put coal under the boilef and th not engineer has to keep the engine i nre good order, but a fellow who has t be be dragged will never succeed at any of thing. He has got to drive, and ther hat is one of the distinguishing an >ol, pleasantest aspects of agriculture md life. Intelligently followed, farmin Lar assures a man a competence and indc pendence as sure as the sun shine. if there is at all any intelligence ani m- energy employed in following it. I on does not promise a big bank account In but it promises this much; that ih al- that you are your own master an for take orders from nobody. (Applause. im I started to say that I do not see hov to Texas cAn maintain her self-respec to and not feel ashamed to have an: Oe- stranger come within her gates un or legs she does better with this collgee 'at and I do not see how she is going t< ied get along with one so inadequatel: nd supported. Until she does take car the of this one and make it respectable i ge- is absurd to talk of another. ad I take the liberty of speaking thu: to not because I feel any desire to ob al- trude, advise or to appear to stiel a my nose into something that does no the concern me, because that is not m :t1e purpose at all, but knowing that theri Om, has always been more or less preji nist dices in the minds of those who rmi as our Government against this kind o her education, many of them contendin md that you cannot make a farmer in college, and that what you want i e 1 the ordinary general kind of educe of tion, and let the farmer be made a Aly home by the father, or let the bo; idi- after lie has igot the regular men 'ar; tal drill learn it for himself. us Prejudice is Widespread. There is a vast amount of ignoi idl- ance and prejudice along that lin( s a and I had to fight it in the effort t for establish a separate agricultural col C!, lege in South Carolina, and to thi nd day I have found the trouble almos universal in the United States. T this day the funds contributed by th Federal Coernment, the original an< scrip)t enidowinmen t fund, and th Morrill and the Hatch fund for ex perinmental stations, all devoted b; aw statesmen in Congress for the devel nud opiment andl maintenance of practice naschools of agriculture and mechiant th arts, have been misappropriated an< ie ttolen, as it were, by the literar th col,and they arc satisfied a ans simply. providing a kind of an anne: 2iY and have made the agricultural fea eg" ture of the literary schools an agri cultural tail to a literary kite. (Ap pu- plause.) We cut our tail off in Seut1 hat Carolinia after a hard and bitter fighi Sto and we took that tail and we movei nie- it off in the upper part of the Stat anT- at Calhoun's old homegand wve mad ith a kite of the old tail as big as th l- old1 kite was when we had it. (Laugli It tor and applause.) flee So that there is certainly room fo nre improvement, certainly a necessit tee, for more liberal policy and larger em uIe penditure of money to fit this schoo: nve if it is not already fitted, both in me niu- terial appliances and funds for thm me, proper men to manage the Collega nye Why, I don 't see how Texas can gt t a along with an agricultural cleg the with only 500 boys, who you ought t mdi- have one with 3,000 in it. (Applease. These are bread and butter schools these practical places for training ye my how to farm your land, how to buil out factories, how to develop the resomt >est ces of the magnificent Commor ou- wealth. But having said that muc who I.will pass on. who The Senator then spoke of thm nry many men, that have been given t for Texas by his State, ahd tookc occasio usi to. .score historians for their failur 1.1- to give South Carolina her due shar era of iredit and glory for her plomir re- ent. pai-t in thme Revolution. He mert -tioned the fact that South Carolitn of- had no divorce law, and spoke il el-. scathing terms of the recent mnarriag lae, of the president of the Steel Trust, 'm- The Senator, then gave some hole 0'' some advice to- the boys he to hoi ow they could get the most out of thei iat course hereo and spoke of the saci r6 llual'i d farin,adwohv k. :ta chaw~ k L) 0 SCHNAPPS is madi leaf, and In factorlea as clc chewing tobacco growinE facturing, and who have SCHNAPPS has the the fondness for chewing. amount of oweetening tha and satisfying effect on c Internal revenue sta: Reynolds brands won enou - cf six and a quarter milli consumption In the Unitec D3 aute the letters' ot 8-C-H-N-A-P-P-S, ar R. J. REYNOLK Winston-S the best you can,'' he said, ''with the brains God has given you. Ever boy can do that.'' His remarks or what success really is were thorough ly enjoyed by the more serious-mind d, and consumed some ten minutes [e then admonished the boys to per. .1ormi well every duty connecte: with their daily work, pointing ou vividly its importance though nov verhaps distasteful, in their careei in life. t His closing remarks were devotei to the importance of close and carefu observation of things as one goo through life. Advising every cade to begin to observe now and pick ou a future life partner, the Senatoi closed a most interesting and instruc tive address. An Advocate of Iliteracy. t It is somewhat astonishing 4o fini a periodical like the Southern Farn Magazine, which ought to be the rep Sresentative andl earnest advocate o Sthe best interest of the children oi tihe farms of tihe South, standing ii tihe path of progress and opposing ed -ueiation and enlightenment. In its cur rent issue, it assails what it cali; compulsory miseducation which i; Swhat it evidently considers all comn ,pulsory education to be. We quot its snminig up, as follows: tWhen we have gotten (sic) back t< -first principles and have come to real ize wvhat real education is, and wvheni -in addition, we have liberally provia ed tile means for the furtherance o: right education, it will be time enougi to talk of compulsory education. B: Sthat time the means of educatioi will be so attractive and the meaninj of education will be so universail: -understood that the necessity for corn pulsory will not exist. In the mean time, compulsory education is liket to defeat its very purpose, and, more , over, is certain to weaken thle import , ance of the home as tihe safe and san ,influence of American life. 4 In another place it says that Tb .State, in its steadfast advocacy o tcompuls9ory education, ''seems to hay efallen into the very .common erro ~that literacy is a cure-all; that attend ance upon schools in a guarantee o education, when as a matter of fac the crying need is for a reform ii Seducational methods.''" This insisting upon a ''reform ii educational methods'' when, we hav bno education among the people to re form is absurd enough to need n comment. We are not of the opinioi othat ''literacy~ is a cure-all '' we d. inot' think t'hat it 'will h'ir~ediatei. he' gitlie t e lheart of maii afnd mak but i4 hInk that it lf th6 firt&6 and"l1,9 Sti ndatiba ohfrthe Th4 Scountry e,ann'ot eradicate orimae o0 Serush' outi th6 4finmbial sinstinet- bt omb~iilsbi-y edi'.iton of ite childrenl but It en'ayr the basls af sound afln vir tuous character by giving to ,iti ,cihidreni the stetdying and the uplift nlg power of mental training, It ls worse than idle, in he faqe ol the~ records and of niveruJhsir JLLUUUYP 'lvelWuue'.Lop, 4UYQ4., that SCHNAPP0 Imitated only proves gs are made to imiitate bio* of SQHNAPPS pk like SCHNAPPS ads bf SCHNAPPS ,r similar tobaccos. ed, thoroughly cured y heart of the greatest in tobacco manu ?any since 1875. ind popularized akes a smaller stimulating r of the t gain med With Less Sweetening ian Any Other indebtedness of said Town -for the Opera House. Section III. That a tax of two and a half mills on each dollar's worth of real and. personal property within the corporate limits of the Town of New berry (except such as is exempt from taxation under the Constitution and laws of this state) is hereby leived for the purpose of raising a revenue to pay the interest on and create a sinking fund for the bonded indebted. ness of said Town for the water works and electric lights plant. Section IV. That a tax of one mill on each dollar's worth of real and personal property within the corpor ate limits of the Town of Newberry (except such as is exempt from taxa tion under the constitution and laws of this state) is hereby levied for the purpose of raising a revenue to pay the interest on the bonded indebted ness of said Town for the sewerage system. Section V. That all taxes herein imposed or levied shall be paid to the said Town in lawful money of the United States, betwee~n the 'fif teenthi day of October, 1906, and fif teenth -day of November, 1906, and a penalty of ten per cent is hereby imposed upon, and shall be added to, all taxes in arrears. Section VI. That the execution is sue according to law for the collection of all taxes fines or penalties past due and unpaid for fifteen days, and cost of said execution. Done and ratified under the cor porate seal of the Town of Newberry, in. the State of Sonth Carolina, this the third day of October A. D. 100. Attest: A. T. Brown, Eug. S. Werts, Mayor. Clerk and Treas. NOTICE. Before letting the contract for 'your new build-. ing see W. T. Liv ingston. B est t Wqrke Lowest Lock 1%x No. 5g. Newberry. S C The faqt in so widely thatitift the best flat phC. Other lu the 'izeahd e 6* h6 -other tags are made to lo s-yet there are more pou ,ed annually thAn all oth< t of only choice selections of well matur an as the cleanest kitchert, situated In the ver country, b-y mn of Ufe-long experience directed the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Com pleasing, appetizing aroma which created Expert tests prove that it requires and t n any o.ther kiad-and has a wholesome bewers. istics show that SCHNAPPS and othe ,h chewers in one fiscal year to make a ne )n pounds, or one-third of the entire incres L States on chewing and smoking tobacco. k the tag and under the tag spell kd you will have the genuine. IS TOBACCO CO. alem, N. C. TI tion do not make for better morals and better,men and women. To assert the contiary is to deny history and tc shut one's eyes to the light. It is also worse than idle'to claim that the South, with its high rate of illiteracy, is as advanced and as pro. gressive as other sections of thiE country. It is no disparagement ol our section to admit its shortcomings It is only by frankly recognizing om obstacles that we can ultimatel) I sweep them out of our path. Tie Southern Farm Magazine iE arguing in a circle when it asserts tha t at some remote time "the means ol education will be so-attractive and tht meaning of education will be so uni versally understood that the .neces sity for compulsion will not exist.' In other words, when the whole coun try shall have been educated and en lightened the necessity for educatior and enlightenmont will not exist I Foi it is only in enlightened condition: that such things' could Ie pIosible The editor also admits, imawvares, thal the necessity for compulsion does ex . ist now, otherwise it would not coase to exist later on. The ,time will certainly come wher' ''the meaning of education will be s< universally understood'' and sg gen. erally valued that the youth of the land will regard the advocates of illi. teracy as their worst enemies.-Th< State. AN ORDINrANCE. Fixing the Rate and presoribing the Time for the Payment of Towx Taxes for the fiscal year 1906. BE IT ORDAINED by the Mayoi ,and the Aldermen of the Town ol . Newberry, S. C., in council assemblei and by authority, of the same: That for the purpose of raising - revenue and in the exercise -of th( - taxing powver of said- Town. the fol. lowing taxes are hereby levied for th~ fiscal yeair endinig Ihecember 31st 1906, upon all real and personal pro. !perty within the corporate limits 01 Ssaid Town (ekeept such as is exempi Sfrom taxation under the Constitutior and 1-aws of this state) upon the val. Sntion thereof as assessed for taxa. t ion for the county and state pnrposei 1viz:' 8ec,ion 1. That a tax of Sixty cent, on each one hundred dollars worti of real and personal property withir the eorporate limits' of the Town ol Newberry, in 'the 'Stat'e'of 'South Cal. olina (Except sth as is* exeinpt from taxation under the constitu~tion 'and laws of 'thi0 'State)\ is hiereby levidd s forAbhe. purpose 'o' r&ising a 'revene to defray the ordin'ary' expense oi said'. Thwn'for tie''flsda1 year 'n'ding .December 81'stp1900. * eeti6nr ti. 'Tha a 'th of throe4 fourths sof a mill on . eaQh golar's *orth 'of real and pyrsonal property within lhe corporate ilmits of the Tow~n of Newbei'ry (except such as is exempt from taxation' under the 'Con stitution and lawe'of this state) 1. hereby levied for the ptupose 9f refio. a reven#t to defray tbe bog$1A