Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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USES FOR COMPRESSED AIR. Its Espec. al Advantage DotcribeVl by tut Expert?Washington Aqueduct. "What are some of the uses of com pressed sir as a motor?" asked a re porter of a leading dealer in rook-drills and compressed air machinery recently. "It is especially well adapted," was the reply ''for rock-drills, pumps, hoist ing engines, and other machines used in .mines, shafts, tunnels, and underground work in general, where the direct use of steam .would be very inconvenient, and in most cases entirely impractica ble. The fact is that the compressed air is a motor for all the essential purposes of steam, without the loss of power due to condensation and without the heat and many other inconveniences attend ing the u;e of steam as a motive power, especially in confined places and at a dis tance fron the source of supply. It is, therefore, applicable to all engines that can be operated by the expansive power of steam, sither at high or low pressures, and one o>? its principal advantages over rteam is fcaat it can be stored and trans mitted through pipe to any distance without :naterial loss .of pressure or dirninutioa of volume, the only requis ites being' pipe and ample area, with tight joints and laid with the least pos sible number of sharp turns. In min ing work particularly it has the addi tional advantage that, upon exhausting from the drills or other machines used, it furnishes to the workmen a constant and abundant supply of pure, fresh, and cool air, thus in many cases obviating the necessity of providing other and ex pensive means of ventilation." "Is it applied to other kinds of work successfully T ? "Quite so. For instance, in sinking bridge caissons; driving tunnels through soft material by the pneumatic process; for refrigerating and ventilating pur poses; transmitting messages, packages and passenger cars in pneumatic tubes; vulcanizing wood; in the manufacture c? rubber goods and nitro-glyoerine explo sives; for elevating liquids, purifying water for city and town use, driving street care, mine locomotives, and for supplying a very convenient and per fectly sof<? motor for running elevators and factory and shop machinery, The feasibility of compressing air either by steam or water power, at any conven ient point for economical production,and then conveying it by iron pipes along the streets; (exactly as gas or water is carried), to bo tapped and used wherever required, furnishing power for use in towns and cities, has already been prac tically demonstrated, and it is only a question of time when this plan wiU be extensively adopted, owing to its econ omy and iiafety. By this system power may be transmitted to a great distance at a comparative small expense. "At the tunnel being driven for the Washington, D. C, aqueduct, the com pressor plant - is located at a central point for economical operarioa, and the air distributed over a distance of five miles over ground, through ten, twelve and. six-inch pipe, to the four shafts where it is received by four-inch pipe and supplied to the drills, hoisting en gines, and pumps. When the tunnel is completed the air will liave been con veyed through ten miles of pipe. This is die longest distance air has been con ducted, and the loss by friction and radi ation does not exceed 2 per cent. It can just as -readily be conducted amuoh longer distance without a higher per centage of loss.?New York Mail and Ex press. , OH Produced from the Peanut. The immense quantity of peanuts grown in Africa, South America, and in cur own southern states afford not onh a pleasant article of food, but a ven large source of oil production. The seed contains from 45 to 50 per cent, of a nearly colorless, bland, fixed oil, not un like olive oil, :uid used for similar pur poses; it is a non-drying oil, which changes but little by exposure lo the air. and remains fluid even at several de grees colder than 512 degrees Fahrenheit. A very great quantity of soap is manu factured from this kind of oil; indeed, some o'. the finest toilet soaps imported from France are of tide material.?Chi cago Times. Sold for a Hundred Cabbage Plants. The last sale of a slave in Virginia took place in the spring of 1865. The facts were the following: The confederacy was on its very last legs, and the owner of a negro woman in Augusta, knowing that slavery would be ended In a few days, sold her for w&at he could gev. As there was no circulating modium of any tort then?for nobody would take Confederate money at any value?the woman's master bartered her off for 100 cabbage plants.?Chioogo Times. Statue of tho Fainouc Pharaoh. A great red granite statue has been discovered ten miles awr.y in the deeert near Alexandria, in Egypt. It represents fiie famous Pharaoh, who was responsi ble for all the Egyptian plagues, and on one side of it is a statue of a little baby, 6aid to be that of the next Pharaoh, who perished in hL$ rash attempt to drive through the Red sea. It has been lying there 3.000 years.?Chicago Journal. The'lmraence Slie of Sun Spots. A sun spot measuring one second of distance is 450 miles in eise. No teles cope can deal with a smaller spot. A spot large enough to be seen with the naked eye must measure 250,000 square miles. A Diamond Belt In Goorjjla. Diamonds in plenty, a geologist who has studied the subject says, will yet be found in Georgia, in a belt that he lo cates between Atlanta and the Savdhnah river, a distance of about 100 miles from ten to thirty in breadth.?Chicago Her ald. Most Permanent of Vegetable Odors. Parchouly is supposed to be the most permanent of all vegetable odors. The plant resembles mint, and is a native of various parts of India. Ventilation m the Mont Cards tunnel H so defective that trainmen occasional^ fall insensible (baring trip*. Blemishes Which 2Xar Our Books. Recent book-making has developed many innovations in taste that are ques tionable. One of these is the unpunctu ated title-page. Tb.e latest English and American publications now display title pages guiltless of punctuation of any sort, save that which is incidental to abbreviations. There is no justification whatever for this, more than* there would be for a continuation of this state of af fairs all the way through the. book. A common blemish of English books is the lack of dates indicating the year in which the book was published. This fashion has only obtained within the last twenty or thirty years. The reason given is that booksellers do not wish pur ohashera to know the age of the books they buy. Luckily in this country books can not bo copyrighted unless they are dated. It is absolutely impossible to learn without writing to the publishers what year certain English magazines rep resent, the month and the volume being alone indicated. Another fault is the. omission of the folio upon which a new article begins. This is done to save "underlaying.? Cata loguers find many euch obstacles in Eng lish books and magazines. Another snag they strike is the English habit of using a man's title or office instead of his given name, as Principal Shairp, Canon Farrar, Prebendary Reynolds, etc. Until recently few EngBsh magazines attached the names of authors to the articles, and this has been the cause of no end of mystery and confusion. Harper's Magazine did t he same until about ten years ago. Authors of historical books often write the chap ters ruH of references to months and days, but to discover the year one has to read- sometimes a g jo<1 share of the book. These are but & few of the blemishes which keep our books from mechanical and artistic perfection.?Cor. Chicago News. Cariosities of an Antiseptic Climate. One of the most curious results of my ibservations is that the climate of Damaraland possesses what we might call an antiseptic character fer several months of eaeh year. The quality is an attendant of the long annual drought. Every living thing suffers during that period from the excessive heat, and much comfort is impossible, even in the shade, while ' in places exposed to the warm winds the thermometer has risen to 128 degrees; and the sand, unmoistened for six months, becomes so hot that I have seen eggs hardened in it. Tin's arid heat is opposed to the propagation of ferment, for it dries up everything that is exposed to the wind before it has time to sour. 'No manifestation of tuber culosis are known!" W. ands of every kind heal remarkably quickly and well, without enough sup puration taking place to make the ban dages stick. The manner in which large, neglected wounds heal themselves would form an interesting study for a profes sional surgeon. I observed a case of a Eferero whose right lower arm had been shattered in battle by a musket-ball. The healing process had worked itself out in such a way that the whole lower arm with all its muscles .had become withered and useless, wldlo the upper-arm bone was whole and covered at its lower end only with the brown skin. AU the ^muscles and ligaments of the elbow joint had vanished, while the shoulder muscles remained, so that the unpleasant spectacle was presented of the man ap pearing to gesticulate with his bmes.? Popular Science Monthly. Co-Operative Establishment? in France. Paris has seventy-fonr co-operative establishments, with 5,0* 9 members printers being the most largely rep resented?and furniture makers, builders, carpenters and jewelers also having their j co-operative concerns. Their combined capital is a little over ?5,000,000, but 1 this, as well as their number, can not I make much of an impression in a great center of industry like Paris. . The most successful of them are managed by men of shrewdness, on strict business princi ples, and not as philanthropic schemes, and they employ outside labor, getting the f uAl amount of work or wages with out giving these recruits any participa tion in the profits. There are only tlurty-nine co operative gtores in Paris, with 10,000 members, and in all France not over 150, as nguinst the 2,000 and more in England. Never theless, the system of participation in the profits is a f avorite panacea in France, and it is proposed that in Paris and else where all public contracts should be awarded only to those employers who are willing to adopt this as part of their method, of dealing with their workmen. The greatest of the French insurance companies and the largest French print ing establishment have tried it for many years, with fair success; but the employes in both cases are very different from those employed in ordinary work, shift ing and changing as work and wages vary.?San Francisco Chronicle. English Sheriff's' and Judges' Hobes. Between the sheriff's and the judge's costume there is not much to choose, so far as grotesquenuss goes. If anything, the judge's is rather the more absurd. But then his lordship carries it off bet ter, partly, no doubt, because he is more accustomed to it, and partly because he is paid for wearing it. I know, of course, the stock argument in favor of these disguises?the majesty of the law must be maintained. But why, I wonder, does the law (like the African chieftain in the red waistcoat) only care to be ma jestic by his clothing? A plainly-dressed policeman captures the criminal, a plainly-dressed magistrate sends him for trial, and a plainly-dressed hangman finishes him. But at his trial he must have a sheriff with sword and ruffles, and a judge in red cloth, rabbit skin, horsehair, and black cap. Surely it would be better to divide those "properties" among the vari ous c^icers of the law employed in the transaction. Let the policeman (so much exposed to the weather) have the rabbit skin, and the magistrate the red cloth. The wig alone would be sufficient to maintain the dignity of the judge, and the black cap obviously belongs to thj hangman.?London Truth. THE POOR JINRIKISHA MEN. A Pathetic Gl?sa of Japanoso Whose va cation Soon Causes Death. The jinrikisha men of Japan are a pa thetic class. Their lives are limited to a few years after they begin the business, and yet their ranks are constantly kept full by new recruits. They Uterally swarm on the streets. If a lady starts out for a walk she is repeatedly offered "a man carriage." These men are never importunate like the hackmen in New York. They keep at a respectful dis tance and make their offer in low, gentle tones that.a stranger might not hear and no one could be disturbed by them. One refusal is accepted as a final answer. They are an intelligent class of coolies ?many of them can read. Their queer little ways is a constant source of amuse ment and surprise to the new-comer. When A. had been here only a few weeks she called a jinrikisha one morn ing as she wanted to go to the opposite side of the bluff, more than a mile off. Previously she bad made the same trip in a brougham on fine mornings.. She was no sooner seated in the Jinrikisha and well tuckod up in her lap-robe, than the Little Jap was off like a shot without asking or being told where he should take her. A. said to herself, "Well, now, this is mighty queer! I wonder if you know where I want to go! Very well, you can go ahead and I'll see?I shall not i volunteer any unasked information now!" i The little man apparently needed none, I for he continued on a fast trot, now winding to the right, now turning tp the j left, never once hesitating, on and on, past the public gardens, past the ceme- j tery; Boon he had left the Russian, the American and the British flags in the distance, floating from the consulates of these respective countries. A.'s won der increased momentarily?the fun be came exciting?she laughed quietly to herself and wished some one else could enjoy it too. Jinrikisha travel is not so cial in the least. At last he stopped, dropped the thills and relieved her of the lap-robe with an air of absolute assurance that she was where she had planned to go?and she was. Not a word had passed between thorn. Words seemed a superfluity. When her call was ended she was re turned home in the same silent and mag ical manner. One man who waits at our gate for a chance passenger is no longer able to run?he can only walk1, and no one wants his services. His lungs are nearly gone. The rapid, long-con tinued running causes heart and lung diseases. The jinrikisha man often has to wait in the cold, damp, night air, poorly J protected when he is in an overheated state from long nmning.-?Yokohama Cor. New York Tribune. Capacity of the Krupp Works. In the Essen works there are 1,638 big ovens, 439 steam boilers, 450 steam en gines (representing together 18,000 horse power), 1,622 machine tools, 82 Bteam hammers, 21 rolling trains?involving a daily consumption of 8,100 tons of coal and coke by the 1,648 furnaces, wliggo. draught is through chimneys of which one is 280 feet high, with a diameter of 80 feet at the bottom. The daily con sumption of water?brought from the Ruhr by an aqueduct?is 24,700 cubic meters. TJjere 1,778 steel lamps and 7 1-4 cubic meters of gas have been used annually, though this quantity has just been diminished by the introduction of electric lights. The work ceases only on Sunday and on two or three holidays. The production is enormous. When the Emperor Williaiu visited the place in 1877, Mr. Krupp caused to be set be fore him the productions of a single day: 1,800 rails, 160 wheel tires, 120 axles, 160 railway wheels, 430 railway wedges, 1,000 bomb shells. The daily capacity of the works is much more: 2,700 rails (two and a half miles), 850 tires, 150 axles, 180 wheels, 1,000 wedges, 1,500 bomb shells. In a month they can produce 250 field pieces, thirty 5.7 in cannon, fifteen 9.33 ? inch cannon, eight 11 inch cannon, one 14 inch gun?the weight of the last being 57 short tons, its length 28 feet 7 inches. It is one tlung to read these figures on paper, decidedly another to travel among the objects they represent, and witness tlieir extent, their vomitings, of flamo, their harnessed immensity and to hear their voice.?Harper's Magazine. The Business of Street-Peddling. Tiiere is not the money in this business that there used to be. I well recollect the time when a man with a stock of imitation, gold rings, sleeve buttons, collar buttons, etc., valued at $8 to $10, could be easily make his ?5 and $6 a day. Country people are not the only ones who buy, either. Those of the city who do buy, though, belong to the working classes. Occasionally a well dressed, stylish young fellow inveets in a "snide" diamond from us, paying $1 for it and is as much satisfied as'if it was a genuine stone. But seldom does he come along. If we make our dollar a day we consider ourselves lucky. Some days we make more than others, but, taken on an average, $1 is a fair estimate of our daily earnings.?Globe-Democrat. The Ventilation of a Bed-Boom. It is sometimes a difficult matter to ventilate bed-rooms properly. Opening a window often causes a draught that may be more injurious than air less pure. A very simple ventilator, which allows a free current of air without pro ducing a draught, may be made by any one. Have apiece of inch board, four inches or more in width, cut to fit the window casing. It should be long enough to preclude any draught entering on either side. Raise the window and rest it on the top of the board so that no air may pass between the sash and the board. A free current of air will then pass between the upper and lower sash to comfortably ventilate the room.? Chicago Herald. The Tuberose as a Field Plant. The tuberose is now cultivated exten sively as a field plant in Natal, South Africa, and so favorable is the climate that flowers in open air may be had every month in the year.?Arkansaw Traveler. Removed. TO OUR NEWLY FITTED UP STORE OPPOSITE THE TENT. NOTICE. We Jo uot propose to undersell everyone else, but we are ready to meet fair competition. Our Stock is now complete: give us a call . Mr. L S. CUM MINGS is with us, and will be glad to see his old friends and customers. We sell the. ROYAL ?ST. JOHN SEWING MACHINES. Machines of all mnkoe repaired. Large Wogoa Yard in rear of I Store. VOSE & SALLEY. <4Mie? Dress and business suits for Men, Youths and Boys. This is the largest stock ever brought to this city. I particularly ask an 'inspection of these goods now, In order that 1 may have your verdict of approval. And after vou have seen this display of Tailor Made Clothing, Gents' Furnishing Goods, Fine Shoes, Hats and Neckwear, I feel as snred that you will be pleased not only with the goods but the low prices 1 am selling them at. I desire you to handle them, to bring all your experience to bear in judging them; critically examine their make, fabric and trimmings, test the sewing, try them on; in fact make a study of them as well as the prices, then go to other houses and make the comparison. I am satisfied that yon will return and make your selection out ?f this beautiful stock and to find the goods as I represent them to be, and give you full satisfaction in every instance, as my goods are made by fust-class workmen. All or ders sent to my care will receive prompt attention. Respectfully, Mi L. KINlftD, Columbia, S. C. Dee. 17-iy ESTABLISHED 1877. Twenty-five Years Experience. T. DeChiavette, Watch Makku and Jeweler, And dealer In Watches, Clocks, Jewelry Spectacles, Silver and Plated Ware and Musical Instruments. All work warranted for one year. Orangeburg. . C. INSURE YOUR PROPERTY WITH KIRK ROBINSON, AGENT. COMPANIES ALL FIST-CLASS AND RELIABLE. LOSSES PROMPTLY ADJUSTED AND PAID. COLLECTIONS PROMPTLY ATTEND ED TO. I mn still selling Brick, Lime, Laths, Hair and other Building Material. ALSO 1 am now prepared to furnish Coal and Wood in any quantity. All orders left with me shall" have prompt attention. No dravace charged. Give me a trial. July 23- KIRK R(?BINSON ABIAIi I.ATHJtOF. K. M. WAXXAMAKKK, Orangeburg, S. C. St. Matthews, s. C. f ATHROP & WANNAMAKEH. ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Orakgebubg, s. C. Office Up. Stairs Over the Postoffice. STONO Phosphate Company. CHARLESTON, S. C. ESTABLISHED 1870. WE INVITE SCRUTINY OF THE ANALYSES OF OUR SOjLX'IILI? GUA.M? by the department oe agriculture. they will Feb 25-Omos be found above their guarantee. A BLIZZARD. A BLIZZARD, A NOTHER BLIZZARD IS COMING. BUT IT-WILL BE A COLD DAY" JTX when PRESCOTT fails to sell vou CHOICE GROCERIES, CROCKERY, GLASS? and TINWARE.eheaper than any other house in the city. I have also just received a choice Stock of FRESH GARDEN SEED, SEED POTATOES, &e. FRESH AND CHOICE GROCERIES Received Every Week at the Cheap Cash Store. CHARLES W. PRESCOTT, Proprietor. -o 157"I am prepared to manufacture TOMBSTONES, &c, at shortest notice and in the most artistic style. .? < , Jan 2*-3m James Van Tassel, ?F.AIA?R I.? CHOICE FAMILY GROCERIES, Wines, Liquors and Segars. A T MY ESTABLISHMENT CAN BE FOUND ALL THE STANDARD 1- V arrlclcs of GROCERIES at Rock Bottom Prices, as well as purest and best WINES, LIQUORS. &c, sold anywhere. Also the choicest SEGARS AND TOBACCV* to be found in the market. tVIIHA' I.OOKIiV? AKOlTiB) GIVK .HE A CAUL JAMES VAN TASSEL. OLD VELVET RYE "TZT TP. ""ST" T EIGHT YEARS OLD. Guaranteed Pare and Wholesome for Me?iciaal er Otaer Uses. FOR SALE ONLY BY W. T. LIG-HTFOOT. NOV 2G-31U0S HAMILTON'S INSURANCE AGENCY LICENSE. CoLUMlUA, S. C, April 1. 1SK.'.. Icertify that Mr. John A. Hamilton, of Orangcburg, S. C, Agent of the NORTH BRITISH and MEUCANTILE. QUEEN. WES'l'ERN ASSURANCE, ROCHESTER GERMAN. Insurance Companies of North America, HOME INSURANCE of New York. CRESCENT, and FACTOR'S and J TRADER'S of New Orleans, has complied ! with the reipiistitions of the Act of the j General Assembly entitled All Act to regll late the Agencies'of Insurance Companies not incorporated in the State of South (,'aro I linn, and I hereby license the said JOHN A. HAMILTON Agent aforesaid, to take I risks and transact nil business of insurance ! in this State in the County of Orangeburg' for and in behalf of said Comoaidcs. Kx-; piresMarch31st, \m\. W. E STONEY. , Comptroller General. ? FCJTJTZ'S HORSE AND CATTLE. PCWDEITS 4\* >o !ln?t trill ilh ??! i.v. VUvn t.r J.Cii Ik ? l tri:. Ii Kiuitz'ii I'Awilet* are Intime. I ?wir."? I'.uniiT- irlllrnr?' ein*l nrri eni lion i ioi.kka .. prn;t;?? IVtwiier* ?p|i| pri ?. .?nr o.wf> in Pawta. I I"<-iiUV IWalrr? will liMTiit-o Ihr quantify ?if mill. I nnl rtvam iweiity |mt cent., aih! umkcHie Iwtlernmn ' inJ ?wert. i Ki'Miz'- l\>w?!er* will eure or prevent aliiinM rvkeT" Dim \?> nrlilt-ii Morse* :iit'l i nttle an*; uhjeri. KolTZV Pott In V.h WIM. u! > f SATtfetr'AlSTIOX. Solii everywhere. eav1d r. I OUTH, Trrjirictor. Li. ::'....?d. For sale by DIL J. G. WANN AM A K ER. Eeb-4 T? Ilic'.Pnlilir. ? T A K E PL E A SUIS K I X AX-I 1 nouncilig that I will run the lee Busi-1 ness from May 1st, 1881). Customers please reserve your orders and oblige. Yours tnilv, Jal ... CHARLES 1*. BRUNSON. OCH* SON'S Celebrated Faabion Catalntnxo CCMT EDCC -*ur Spring and Sum-. OCn I rnCCmcr. ri-aUr3?ircb 10th, to any addresa. LUustratcJ and ltJts every thing for Ladle*'. Gent?', Children*' and Infanta' wear and Houtekeejrtnir Good*, at prices lower than Unite of any bouse in the United State?. Complete ?allafactloB guaranteed, or ino?cj re funded. H. C. F. KOCH A; fc^OX,. 6tb Ave. ?Je SOt? tiu, tu V. Cfcu.