Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SUMMER AND WINTER. There is no blast howe'er so fierce it blows Across wide Moorlands leaguered fast by snows, That does no'; bear the presage of a tune The thrush will carol in the heart of June. ?UC. S." in Youth's Companion, VALUABLE FARMS IN NORWAY. How the Norwegians Work Their Kugged Mountain Homesteads?Haying. Some of the moat valuable farms in Norway would be spurned as a gift by -American husbandmen, who are seldom content with places of sudden undula tion, or, indeed, with anything but pieces of rich prairie or bottom land. But the Norwegians are industrious and thrifty grangers, have comfortable barns and fine cattle, and generations of fam ilies succeed each other - in poesessing and working their mountain farmsteads. Their houses are substantially con structed of wood, end inside 'there ?s an air of comf >rt and cleanliness. , But what of the farm? Look about you. Mountains hem us in on all sides; there is ho room for the fields 1 :;s wo know them at home;: hut grass grows luxuriantly among the rocks, with occa sionally a jatch as large as -an ordinary villa garden. There the farmer: cuts a portion of his nay crop, on which his "horses and cattle are mainly de pendent during the eight winter months. But his hay-field is ?' yet wider spread. Glance upward some 1,500 feet these, where an opening oc curs in the dwarf birch, and you will ob serve the diminished form of a man busy at work. That is the farmer, a thorough mountaineer, cutting the grass which grows on yonder "narrow ledge of rock. He has been up since early morn, and will probably not descend till evening; not a tuft of grass will be left ungathered; not a foot of level ground on that steep and rugged mountain side but will be visited, and its small crop carefully re moved by the industrious bergsman. J? he has a wide stretch of field (hill pasture or moorland) in his boundary, the farmer erects wooden sheds, in which he stores Iiis hay till winter, when, by an ingenious contrivance, he has the whole rapidly and easily conveyed to the valley. A familiar object in a Norwegian glen is the strong steel wire which stretches from the foot to the summit of tho mountain. Down this wire the bundles' of hay- are expeditiously sent without labor, and then carried in sledges to the steadings. Without such a method many weary journeys would be necessary ere the hay required for a long winter could be brought down. It appears the Norwegian farmer borrowed the idea of this hay telegraph from his brother hills men of the Tyrol.?Chambers' Journal. The Detectives of Wall Street. ?Thousands of pedestrians move to and fro past the stock exchange and about the money center of the city each day. Solid old financier?, whose check would be taken unquestioned for a million, come and go. Dapper clerks, who look v * .Ukfl.millio^ajrffl on fftfwn dollars ft-week; messenger boys by the score flit hither and thither with hands full of bonds or other securities making deliveries accord ing to contracts and sales arranged on the excliange floor. Bank agents, with small fortunes often in the capacious portmonnaies strapped to their waists, going to the clearing-house to make good the daily balances, while every few mo ments comes the lumbering wagon pushed along the sidewalk conveying the . cash from Uncle Sam's collecting counter J at the custom house to Uncle Sam's strong vault below the sub-treasury. On i every side is wealth, yet attempts at ? robbery are very rare, and successful \ ventures at thievery- scarcer still. . The fact is that every face passing along Wall street is scanned. It is a great place for seeming loafers and loungers. Curbstone brokers have the semblance of loungers. Clerks enjoy a cigarette on the sidewalk. So a lounger more or less is not noted. But all who apparently loaf about with little to do are not loafers. They are sharp-eyed de tectives, to whom the face of every crook in the country is known, and who are constantly on the lookout for those faces. ?New York World. A Diminutive Printing Pres?. A firm on Wall street, New York, has in operation and on exhibition what is probably the smallest working printing press in the world. It is an interchang able cylinder, printing from c continu ous roll, with a cut-off. It is but 12 1-2 inches in length and 71-2 inches high. Its width in the widest part is 10 1-2 in ches. At the office where it is in use it has been necessary to furnish to brokers and others a daily letter, of financial news. Until the invention of tfc; press this service was performed by the mani fold Bystem. Nine manifolders were re quired, working Very rapidly. By simple hand power, after the type is set, 200 copies per minute of any circular can be printed. With a dynamo machine to furnish the power, over 500 copies can be printed in the same time.?Chicago Herald. Germany's Noted Bat Aged Historian. It is said that Leopold v?n Ranke looks like a perfect specimen of those mediaeval philosophers who spent their days and nights in front of huge, outspread folios, with no companion but a pensive cat, and no furniture or ornament to their cells save skulls and cross bones, sand glasses, ebxir phials, and chemical re torts. His manners are described as affable and unaffected, and he never dis plays any of the disagreeable, eccentrici ties of genius. The aged historian works from 10 o'clock in the morning until 2 daily, and again from 9 o'clock in tha evening until 1 a. m. His best work is done at midnight.?Foreign Letter. A Platinum Wire for Telescoped. A platinum wire too fine to be seen with the naked eyo is said to have been made by Mr. H. t. Reid, of Brooklyn. It is to be used in telescopes as a substitute for the spider's web usually employed. It is stated that there are 6,000,000 idttings in the churches of the Anglican communion in England and Wales. Good Koofs Xade of Faper. A root pronounced superior to that of slate because of its lightness and other advantages is now made of any fibrous pulp. From this material tiles of any shape desired are formed by pressure under machinery or by any other method which may suggest itself. Pressed into the design wished for the pulp tiles are partially dried, previous to being sub jected to a water-proof mixture. After the baking the tiles are treated to a mixture imparting an enameled surface; to this is added a coating of sand, where-' by the pulp is rendered proof against the action of heat and flame. By the use of different colored sands a variety of. tints may be imparted to the tiles, which, after the application of the' enameling mixture and sands, are baked a second time, after which they are ready for use. Besides the inherent lightness of pulp tiles, which obviates the necessity of a hcayv frame to support a weighty roof, tfc&p^pjtile, bein& t??gh and'not brittle like'alBtie 'is Earless liable to'be broken from blows, stones thrown upon them, or'human /footstepei ' Again, slate tiles can not be laid c?mpe??f 'together on a 'wot on'''account of their brittleness, which prevent* ^cir-being drawn tightly togetherbynails. 'Through the-fibrous pulp nails may be driven as1 close home as in shingles, thereby binding them closely to:the bed and together -without any possibility of lateral rh(jvemeht or being blown away in a nigh wind, as slat es loosely fastened oh roofs so fre quent are. Nails penetrate the pulp tiles more easily than shingles,-and lie closer together, being more elastic than wood. ?Boston Journal of Commerce. A Great Traffic in Fowls. In Marseilles, at any rate, the peasants endeavor to carry out the wishes of Bang Henry IV., and to have a fowl in the pot, if not every Sunday, anyway on Christmas Day. In the two days before Christmas 4.000 turkeys and 9,000 capons were passed through the barriers of the octroi of the town. Formerly this sup ply came from Languedoc and Gascony; but of late years it has been furnished almost exclusively by Italy. The fowls arrive in railway vans of the ordinary size, but specially constructed for this traffic. The sides are of lattice-work, and internally the van i3 divided into nine tiers or shelves. On ?ach tier there are twelve cages, and each cage i3 calcu lated to contain thirty birds. In tliis way the prodigious number of 8,340 fowls is conveyed in a single wagon. The cages .are providid with tins for water on one side and for corn on the other, and there is a door in each through which any fowl that is injured or sickly can be at once removed. The birds are said not to suffer at all or to deteriorate on their journey, though they ! come from Milan or even from Venice, ? and in many cases are sent through direct as far as the Spanish frontier.? St. James' Gazette. Regulating tho Degree of Fatness. Much fat is not the sign of health, but of^tiasue^d^jeneracy. Big^'poriljr^ men, - oTtwo hundred and odd pounds of bone and tissue are not men for endurance or for thorough work. The ancient Spartans understood this thing. They paid as much attention to the rearing of men as our best stock-breeders of to-day pay to the rearing of fine horses. They took charge of the firmness and loose ness of men's flesh, and regulated the degree of fatness to which it was lawful, in a free state, for any citizen to extend his body. Those who dared to grow too fat or too soft for military campaigning in the service of Sparta were soundly whipped, and if they would not, of their own accord, reduced their flesh, they were taken in hand by trainers, who, with spur and lash, and corresponding diet, soon bronght them to the required standard.?Phrenological Journal. Photos of Animals in Motion. Mr. Muybridge, the photographer, worked in the University grounds dur ing the whole Of last summer and ob tained pictures of a vast number of ani mals and men in motion. Some of the results achieved are very extraordin?r}-, like the perfect image of a man in the air jumping over a horse, which must have been made in a hundreth part of a second, and yet is so clear and sharp that even his finger nails and the wrinkles of skin on his fingers are perfectly distinct. Mr. Muybridge is now at work selecting the most instructive examples and re producing upon single plates those pict ures which, made separately, yet illus trate the successive stages of a move ment.?Philadelphia Times. Silver Electro-Plate Upon Wood. A novelty in silver is the discovery of a process of electro-plating with silver upon wood, and its adaptation to handles of all kinds, including umbrellas, canes, carving-knives, etc. The silver is thrown upon the wood by a pn .testa which has proved extremely difficult in practice. The deposit of silver, of course, foUows all the peculiarities of the wood, and the ordinary handle is simply garnished in most ineradicable silver. The special advantage is in the variety of designs that may be produced.?Scientific Journal. The Coust&utlnople Orphan School. The teaching of painting has been so ! successful in the Mussulman orphan j school at Constantinople that the sultan I has given a medal and a sum of $50 to I each of the exhibitors. A few years ago no representation of an object in nature was countenanced: The change, it must be observed, means the abolition of the schools of arabesque in ornament and writing, which has so long flourished.? Foreign Letter. English Soldiery and French. An Englishman does not loose force from being out of spirits, and an Eng brigade will go on when officers and men are half crazy with disappointment and annoyance; but a French army, to do its best, must be a cheerful army.? Spectator. A southern critic likens a certain fit- j ?rary lady's sonnets to "the silvery tex- j ture of a cobweb endowed with the durability of a pearl." EIGHTY THOUSAND SALESMEN. Important Items Concerning Their Busi ness?Home for the Disabled. One of the leading dry goods salesmen of the United States, tells me that there are now about 80,000 traveling salesmen on the road in this country, and that their expense accounts alone will aver age $1,500 a year each. This for expenses alone means an outlay of ?120,000,000 a year and if you will count in an average salary of $1,000 a year each it will swell the total to-$200,000,000 a year. This immense sum is scattered all over the United States. It keeps up the hotels, and is one of the most important items of railroad passenger receipts. The character of the traveling salesman has changed within a decade past. You will find very few boys and fewer drunkards upon the road. The competi tion is so great and the expense so heavy that firms have to send out their best men, and salaries of ?3,000 and $5,000 a year are by no means uncommon. Said this salesman; "These traveling men sell all Borts of goods. Some- of them carry a half dozen heavy trunks, ?and others carry their samples in their overcoat pockets. One man I know gets; $8,000 a year for-selling the skins which butchers put around sausages. He dresses like, a Broadway swell and carries his samples in a bag no larger than a lady's shopping sacheL The best of such skins are made in Europe, and butchers buy of him everywhere. Then there is a man I know who travels from Boston to San Francisco and sells nothing bui one grade of boot blacking. Some travelers sell by pictures of the articles they have to sell. Clothing forms the largest class of drummers, and next come thoso who sell boots and shoes. Then We have the dry goods salesmen, the grocer, the hard ware men, hats and caps, and others as numerous as there are trades and fac tories." "Traveling men," thjs gentleman con tinued, "are, as a rule, bright, generous fellows. They spend freely, and many of them, when they become old and leave the road, find themselves poor. We have now a project to take care of dis abled traveling men. It is a traveling men's home, to be endowed by traveling men and to be devoted to their use. The idea is that each one of the 80,000 travel ers is to give $1 a year for the next three years to such an institution. Thus will make a total of $240,000, and from this we will buy a farm in Kentucky, o: some other good locality, and erect comfortable buildings, with reading-rooms, pallors, and chambers, so that the occupants can have all the comforts of life during their declining years. We will further endow the home by a year or two more of con tributions, and the institution will be under the care of a competent board of managers. This project is, I understand, to be submitted to the next annual meet ing of merchant travelers. It has many, supporters among traveling salesmen, and I will not be surprised if it is carried out."?"Carp" in Cleveland Leader. BvUKiftw^pt.'fiteflTj'i*' iftnnh _ ^ *"~A popular craze that is daily growing is that of chewing gum, Men chew it openly and above board as much as girls, and the practice has gone so rapidly be yond its old confines that the fame of Vassar college as a shrine where taffy tolu received its greatest share of wor ship has long ag>9 died out. The popu larity of the gum-chewing habit is due to the fallacy that some health journal pro mulgated awhile ago that as gum-chew ing preserves the teeth and develops the gums it should be encouraged. The fact is that gum-chewing stimu lates the salivary glands to a degree that is draining and exhaustive, and when the increased secretions of these glands are swallowed it has an injurious .rfect upon the stomach by increasing the di gestion without a pabulum upon which to act save the stomach itself. It, at the same time, excites the glands of the stomach, the liver, the pancreas?in fact the entire glandular system connected with ailmentation; it wastes the pro ducts of these glands, or diverts them from their proper use, and by so doing injures the system. So you see gum-chewing is not only a ridiculous and a vulgar habit, but is hurtful to health and should be stopped.?Dr. W. G. Priest in Globe-Democrat. - ? Milking imitation Java Cofl"ec. Coffee, like wine, becomes better as it grows older. Age also improves its appearance. The best old Java is bright yellow?the effect of time upon a well formed bean of a dirty-green color. But all yellow, nice-looking coffee is not Java, nor is its color proof of its merit. Cheap Santos by a newly discovered method may be converted to resemble the best of Javas. A bean of coffee if put into water will swell. This is the initial means employed to produce imitation coffee out of small, imperfect grains. Once swollen the coffee retains its in flated size. It is then bleached and dried, and in a few days is made to resemble coffee that comes to a rich, desirable hue through great age. But the imitation coffee does not de ceive tho elect. Any dealer of experi | ence can perceive the difference between i the fraudulent and the genuine. The imitation looks better and sells better to the consumers, and fetches a better price than it would had it not been doctored, but close inspection will show the grains to be of a withered appearance, lacking in what may be called tone, and sadly wanting, when they come to pot, in aroma.?Indianapolis News. Don't Bo Too Hard on Carlo. A great deal is being said about hydro phobia that would be better unsaid, and the dog will be charged with the killing much oftener than he should be. The work of old rusty nails, whose wounds have healed months ago, and the many other producers of letouns will all be laid at the kennel door of innocent "old dog Tray." In all the United States, with its 52,000,000 of people, there have not been in the entire year over thirty-five deaths from hydrophobia, by the agency of 3, 000,000 dogs.?Inter Ocean. Mirth is short-lived; cheerfulness never tirea.?Century Bric-a-brac How Woods oh Saved Old Allen's Lifo. It was in tho far west Tho villago was a county soat, and all political speeches wore mado at tho court houso. The clans were gathering early in tho evening, for it was to bo a great night among tho politician.3. Tho Republicans, Democrats and Groenbackors wero holding a joint meeting to discuss political issues. Governor Woodson was running on the Domocrotic ticket for re election, and John Stokes spoke for him Said ho: "Fellow-Citizens: I stand hero within view of tho classic shades of Washington and Jefferson to proclaim tho virtues of Governor Woodson." When ho had finished a grandiloquent speech with this beginning he was followed by old man Allen, who spoke in a humorous vein and in a squeaky tone of voice: "Now, gentlemen, I am not any further from the shades of Jefferson than Stokes is, but I know more about Governor Woodson. Now, to bo honoit o'd Woodson saved my life once, but I don't thank him for it a bit It happened in this way: I went a-huntin' and took a fine English twist, double barreled shotgun with me. It began to rain, and I was afraid that gun would be ruined by rust, so I crawled into ahollow gum log with the gun. The log got wot and began to n vroll, so I was wedged in. I couldn't got out I began to think of death and eternity. 'Horror of horrors,' thought ? I;' to die In this way hi shameful;1 but the grim monster stared me in the face I began to think of all the acts of my past life, of tho crimes of bcytood days, the errors of after years. I saw my poor old mother's face, and her .dying words rang in my cars. I thought of how I had wronged her by voting for old Woodson, and I felt so mean that I shrank up to the size of a moose and crawled out of the log. That is true, gentlemen, and Fll never vote for Woodson."?Chamberabarg Herald. _ A Detroit Politician's Speech. Bartley Campbell entered Berlin without a word of German to bless himself or curse tho cab drivers with, yet before two months he made a speech to the Berliners from the stage of the great theatre there, when the "Galley Slave" proved such a success. It isn't always safo to trust a person's self in an unknown language A Detroit politician who sought the suffrages of the Poles got one who know tho language to write him a speech, and this lie committed to memory. He didn't understand a word of It, but un fortunately the Poles did, in spite of his pronunciation. "Villains end scoundrels," he began, bow ing politely, under the Impression that he was saying "Chairman and gentlemen." "What aro you all standing gaping thoro about?" (Sensation) "What tho old Nick do you know about politics, anyhow?1' (Murmurs of disapprobation) "1 don't want the votes of such trash as vou-" Here, to tho astonishment of tho now speaker of Polish, there was a rush for him, and he thinks to this day it was his ac cent they didn't like.?Detroit Free Press. Watered Stocks. Junior partner?Mr. Shortwelght, don't you think wo had better put the price of cool up? It is going to be very cold to-night, and the people will look for an advance to morrow. Senior partner?I see, my son, you aro not 'yet up to the flno points of the business. Insert in to-morrow morning's paper an ad vertisement of a reduction of 5 per cent Junior partner?A reduction of 5 per cent? Why, that is against all sound busi ness principles. The greater the demand the .Ihicher tho prlco. . .... p* Senior partner?Not so fast young man. Order the man to water the coal thoroughly; that will add 18 por cent, to itu weight and bulk when it freezes, and after tho reduction of 5 per cent wo will still h avo 10 per cent advance.?Philadelphia Call. Crushing tho Old Beau. "My darling, I shall love you as long as I live." "That i3 not onough for ine. I want a husband that will lovo mo a? long as I live." Prepared to Knock 'Kin Out. "Maria," said tho preachor, Saturday afternoon, attor having road bis sermon aloud to her, "what do you think of it? Havo I not portrayed tho evils of Sunday newspapers in a way that must ntfoct tho congregation?" "Indeed yon havo, John," was tho reply. "I thought so," said tho preacher. "I foel that in this sermon I have fully demon strated tho iniquity of Sunday publications. I trust thero will bo a large congregation to morrow. By tho way, Maria, did you at tend to mailing tho notice of my sermon and its subject to all the nowspapcrs, so that it will appear in tho morning?1 She said sho had attended to it?Chicago Tribune. _ Wo Approve Of It The freaks of fashion In women's apparel are indeed wonderful and startling to tho masculine eyo, and It is only uo'.v and then that any of them (tho freaks, not tho womon) meet with approval from the man. There is, however, a now feminine hat struggling for recognition among tho fashionables that every right-minded man will indorse. It is built on the crush plan, like a gcntloman's opera hut. tind no trimmings are allowed on tue crown. If this headgear comes Into gen eral use for evening wear it will be a great boon to mankind, as the ladies will, of course, collapio the thing after getting seated at tho theatre or opera, and the people hock of them can got their money's worth of the cntertainmont Vive la crush hat?Peck's Sun. A .Suggestion in Heraldry Emperor William has presonted Wolseley with the decorution of tho red eagle. We are not advised as to tho peculiar charac teristics of that bird, but wo would suggest that, if it is given for his conduct in tho Egyptian campaign, it should bo accom panied as a coat of arms by a camel re troataut, on the sands of Egypt passant with a well-armed Arab pursuant and an indignant Briton regardant?Nashville Union. It Wu? Duly Kccclvod. "Bobby," whispered young Fcatherly, "did your sister Sndie got a note from mu last uightf It was written on pink paper." "I guess bhe must havo got ifcf" said Bob by, '"cause when she came down to break fast this morning her hair was done up in pink curl-papers."?Harper's Basar. Where Man Dwindles. If a man wants to know how Insignificant bo is, just let him go with hie wife to the dressmaker s.?Newark Register. CLEARING OWT\ ALE! AS THE SEASON IS NEAR AT HAND FOR PUTTING IN SPRING GOODQ PRING GOODO And wishing to make roore, we will make it to the interests of all to eall and get Great Bargains As we are determined not to cany over any Fall Stock. We still lead in low prices and are Headquarters for GENT'S, YOUTH'S AND BOY'S clothing. Our trade in Zeigler's Fine Shoes For Ladies was never better. Every pair guaranteed. Wo carry the largest and best Stock of Gent's iHAND-SEWED SHOES In the market. All warranted. ?Grr-oeeries At CHARLESTON QUOTATIONS. -? I come and-see:for;yourself. C-EQ. I COBNEISON. Special Bargains! AT THEODORE T7"OHN'S A HEODORE IVOHN'S FASHIONABLE DRY GOODS EMPORIUM. We are now closing out the balance of onr Winter Stock of DRESS GOODS, ? CLOTHING, CLOAKS, HATS, &c, at less than cost of raw material. Now is the time to procure Great Bargains. Everything selling off at unheard of low prices. This is a golden opportunity for all to SAYE MONEY. THEODORE KOHI. ESTABLISHES) 1832. C. & E, L KerrisoiL 88 HASEL, STREET, CHARLESTON, S. C. DRY GOODS, Black a n?l Colored Wrcss filoodK? LINENS. HOSIERY, etc &c, IN LARGE VARIETY. STAU Orders will receive prompt and careful attention. ST'Cash orders amounting to #10 or over will be delivered in any county free of charge. V? & E. s.. Iieri*it*oii4 aug201y Charleston. S. C. ' MORE LIGHT ~* ON THE STibject. 1 will now devote my entire at tention to" LAMPS! LAMPS! With an experience of ten years I am in a posltiou to know what variety of Lamps to keep on hand that will suit any purpose and give entire satisfaction. When in neeu of a Burner that will give yen a large brilliant light call for "SOKENTilTJE'S GUARANTEE". I give full . directions how to use It and a guarantee for a year with each burner. Remember that "FAIL DEALINGS, LOtt' PRICES and REST QUALITY is my Motto, and don't forget that whatever you may need In the way of or for a Lamp you. will he sure to yet it at SORENTRUE'S BARGAIN STORE. Headquarters for Lamps. Jan 21-lyr U. H. MOS?. C. O. DAKTZUEK ^y,|( ?s DANTZLEH, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, OHAMiEUl'nO, S. C. -J- . J W. BOWMAN. ATTORNEY AT LAW OttAKGEECnO, S. C.