Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The Pagei and journal l Vol. 4 NO. 32 PAGELAND. S. C., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 22, 1914 $1.00 per year The Life Cycle of Cattle Tick*. I A n;..~ :? * ' Columbia, April 17?Clemson college and the federal bureau of animal industry are making preparations for going gunning after the cattle tick in the 29 counties in South Carolina still infested with the pest and consequently below the quarantine line. The cattle tick is admit, tedly the greatest obstacle in the way of the development of the cattle raising industry in South Carolina. W. K. Lewis of the bureau of animal industry will marshal the forces of Clemson college and the federal department of agriculture in the war which is to begin soon against the tick. The general assembly of South Carolina appropriated $30,000 for tick eradication work which will be supplemented by funds from the federal department. The tick which is making all this trouble is a parasite which transmits the germ, causing Texas fever, into the blood of of cattle in precisely the same . manner as the malarial Plasmodia are transmitted into the human circulatory system by anopholes mosquitoes. The fully developed and fertilized female, being engorged with blood and ready to lay her eggs, loosens her hold on the bovine animal and drops to the ground. Upon reaching the ground she may lie quietly for several days before depositing her eggs, which may consume from four to eight days in summer and two weeks or even longer in the fall. The number of eggs laid by a fully developed female varies from 1,500 to 3,000, j while flra anmmura leiflaieg'aiso ' layyeggs, but in much smaller numbers. After laying is finish ed the female is small and shirveled up and, having fulfilled her mission, socn dies. The eggs, which are light brown and waxy in appearance, proceed to, develop the larvae, or seed ticks, the time require for which varies from 13 days to six weeks, de pending on the conditions of temperature, moisture, soil, etc. These eggs, however, are very tenacious of life, and under unfavorable conditions may remain dormant for several months, especially in the early spring. The larvae, or seed ticks, are minute six-legged parasites of a brownish waxy color, and about 1-32 of an inch in size. They crawl quite actively about on the ground and among leaves bunching in large numbersupor grass blades, shrubs, weeds and fence posts, to await an oppor4 tunitv for attacnment to their passing host. The parasitism is so perfect that in case no cattle or horses are present no further development occurs, and death finally results. It is known however, that these larval forms can live for three or four months on the ground in warm weather independent of their host, and from late September until April during an open winter. When they find cattle, however, they fasten themselves to the soft skin inside the thighs and flanks, on the escutcheon, along the belly and brisket, around the root of ( the tail, and inside the forelegs. They obtain their nourishment by drawing blood from the host, and can cause the fever at this stage,although so small as scarcely to be detected bv the naked eye. A (tnr 1 1 ltciuk uu me animal about one week the seed lick casts its covering (molts) and appears as the eight-legged, nymph stage of the parasite, having added one pair of legs posteriorly, During the nymphal W loapjjcai lllg LittKC. An unusual occurrence that has much interested to scientific men recently happened at Fumone, Italy. The picturesque little lake of Canterno suddenly disappeared. All the water retreated into a bottomless pit in the middle of the lake, and left the whole area absolutely dry. It appears that tins same phenomenon has occurred several times in the history of the place; the last time was about 220 years ago. At that time the farmers had begun to till the bed of the lake, and had brought it to a hiirh Stlltl* nf r-nltii-ntinn ...l.-r.? ? vuiu vdllV/llf W UUll suddenly the water returned; and as if to recompense the people for the loss of their crops, the fish came hack also. There is an ancient legend that the lake disappears whenever its water claim the life of a human being. That was the case at the last previous disappearance of the water. On a certain Shrove Tuesday, nine young boys were drowned in Canterno Lake. Their distracted parents cursed the waters of the lake, and then a crater fifteen feet in diameter swallowed up the water with fearful and unearthly gurgling. Fire spout ed from the hole, and from the depths of the earth came a mysterious rumbling, The entire lake bed was strewn with fish, and the boat which h id gone down with the hoys was swallowed up by the crater. The Split Log Drag It is part of the duty of a good farmer these days to join with his neighbors in.,the use of the split-log drag, say Clemson College authorities. This is the opportune time and the time when the judicious use of the split log drag will produce the most visible and immediate results. stage the sexual organs develop, and at the second molting, from the nymphal to the adult stage, sexual organs are complete. The male and female at this stage are about the same si/.e, as the female does not become very large until after she becomes fertilized, which occurs about two weeks after the six-legged seed tick reaches its host, or after the second molting. After intercourse with the male the female slowly enlarges for six to 2<> days in summer, and then rapidly increases in si/.e in the course of a day or two before dropping from the animal. In fall and winter development occurs more slowly, the tick not falling off for six weeks or more. After reaching the ground the female soon commences to de posit eggs, thus completing the life cycle, which requires from six to ten weeks in warm weather, or a much longer period during the cold season. It will thus he seen that these females transmit the infection through their eggs to their progeny, and the latter have the power 10 infect any susceptible nnimnl ' uiuiiKii i*/ which uiey attacn. The disease, therefore, is not conveyed by the same ticks which take tip the infected blood but only through the generation descending from them. Although your ticks are very active neither they nor the adult ticks are capable of crawling very far, but they may be transported long distances by animals by rains, by winds, cattle cars, hides and on clothing of man. Hence the constant danger that tick-free pastures below the quarantine line may become infested with ticks at any time. iTrf A Heroine. . |A Monroe Enquirer. , ] In the cemetery at Mt. Harmony church, in Mecklenbqp: i county, near the Unionl^Hl ' Mecklenburg line, there i^pa i massive and beautiful monu- ? ment which cost several hun- i dred dollars. "To Our Mother" 1 is the inscription in large letters s on the top stone of the monu- 1 ment. This memorial in granite was erected by Messrs. S. T.,^J. < T, B. A. and J. E. Sustar to i their mother, Mrs. Elizabeth Sus- < tar. If ever a mother deserved < a monument that good woman i is worthy of one. Here is the 1 story of her herosim: In 1862 i Mrs. Sustar was living with her i husband, Mr. H. R. Sustar, and < their four little sons and a little i daughter in a cabin home in the, ] pine lands of Lancaster county,!] O. Ivnrlv in 1 SAO I ' ... luvb iiiisimiiii I and father joined the Confeder- i ate army and went to the front, s He never returned. In a few weeks the news came that the husband and father was dead < and had been buried in Virginia, i The mother looked upon her ! five little orphaned children, the < two youngest, B. A. and J. E., i twins but six months old, and ] then and there she resolved to 1 keep her family together and to 1 make a living for them. She 1 had nothing and not a child was 1 large enough to make a living. But she went to work, hiring herself to the neighboring far- < mors and although she wasnurs- < ing her twin boys she went, to the field and many has been the day when she plowed all dayjfor < only twenty-five cents, and dfter her day's work was done w<juld j walk a mile and 'sometimes^tvTcT"< or three miles to her cabin h6me 1 and there she would cook food ] for her children and often spin cotton at night with which to < make their clothing. And then i came Sherman's raid and noth- < ing was left in that home- -every- < thing being taken by the raiders, i and then that mother went out < to where the army horses had i been fed, picked up the scatter- 1 ed corn out of the dirt, washed it and carried about half a bush- ; el of it to a mill some distance away and had it ground and by >, night she had bread for her ' children. After the war she < fought on and on to keep the wolf from the door?and she i i,~~? ' ? * " 111111 iii nay?anil ncr cnildren never suffered for bread. As her children grew they joined their great hearted mother in the battle for bread. The twins when hut ten years old were spinning cotton at night w'lth whch to make their clothing and were working for neighboiing farmers for only twenty-five cents a day for the two. In 1876 Mrs. Sustar moved with her children to Mecklenburg county rented a small farm and instead of hiring out they made cropsof their own. Just a few days ago the writer stood by the monument at Mrs. Sustar's grave and then he went over the spledid farms of the twin sons of this heroine?hundreds of acres there are on which are two beautiful homes, and the farms are itmioH with neat, well-kept tedfllrit houses, good barns and otHer out buildings, and the land is in high state of cultivation. The stock, the modern implements and everything about the fnrms indicates prosperity and the application of brains to business. Long before that good mother! died she saw her children's prosperity and she shared it. With the Sustar hoys there was nothing too good for their mother to have and her last days were i spent in the midst of abundance, not ? n!y in material things, but I ? Curing Oat Hay. Progrcssve Farmer. A reader asks us to advise the method of curing oat hay, at what stage to cut and rake, and if it can be baled within three lays after cutting? Is the feeding value of oat hay as good as when cut with binder and fed in sheaf or threshed? What is the ( market value of oat hay? It is generally advised to cut oat hay in the "dough stage" of the grain. It is probable that it contains more nutriment at this stage than earlier we believe it is more palatable, is eaten mote readily and with less waste. We therefore, advise cutting oat hay rather earlier than the "dough stage" of the grain, or when the . straw is thoroughly green. It is , probably best to wait as long as r\/\roi l\1rv " ?-? * b ? ?A * ' ' 11 days after cutting. What say i Dur readers on this subject? i Since the straw will contain more nutriment and will be eaten with much less waste if cut green, we believe the animal < will get as much or more out of an oat crop cut in the early "dough stage" or in the "milk stage" of the grain than they will i when the crop is allowed to ] ripen. The market value of oat hay _..:n a i win uepenci on ine stu^e at which it was cut, the method and conditions under which it was cured and the knowledge of its value at the market where it is sold. Down in South Carolina they caught an old Negro roost rob her "with the goods on him," as the saying goes, and forthwith haled him into court to stand trial for chicken-steahng. When old Rastus was placed in the dock the judge said: "Now, Uncle Has, I suppose you reali/.e that you're in a court of law, on/I \TO i 1 - ^ 1 4 .Tx?n xjiniu i caii/.f wiim a court is? 'Why, shore, boss," came back Knstus, "a co't? Why, a co't am shore a place where dey dispenses wif justice!"?Argonaut. Distressed Damsel?Oh, sir catch that man, he wanted to kiss me. Pedestrian?That's all right, there'll be anotlnr nlc?n<r in ? ... .? minute.?Kx. those boys of hers tjave her a wealth of love and their homes 1 were her abiding place* and in them she found a home indeed. < Under that beautiful monument erected by the manly sons, who are victors in life's battle sleeps a heroine. 1 ^v/ocmuiv; jnai stj W1C SI raw IS Sllll ] thoroughly green. As to curing, . that is as with other hays. It 1 1. 111 * * snouiu do auoweu to thoroughly wilt as cut, then be raked into , windrows and cured there, or cocked and allowed to cure in ] the cocks. Xo one can tell i another at what stage hay has 1 dried or cured sufficiently to be j put in barns or stack. If present lie may show at what stage of the curing this should be done but there is no definite stage which can be described and rccogni/.ed by the novice at which the hay has been sufficiently cured. Oat hay is more easily ; cured than the legumes, but not 50 easily as some of the finer grasses. "Can oat hay be baled three , days after being cut?" It the oats \ere cut at the , right time and cured in the windrow or cock we boubt if itw ill be safe to bale in three days. If rather too ripe when cut, the , weather is hot and dry and the oats are cured in the swath it might do to bale three days after cutting. We have had no observation of baling oat hay three TROUBLE WITH MEXICO United States Will Take Tampico and Vera Cruz A large American fleet is now in Mexican waters, and there will probably be some fighthing today. It is impossible to say what the outcome will be. The dispatches below tell of the trouble: Washington, April 19.?Gen. Victoriano Huerta, provisional president of Mexico, flatly re fused tonight to accede to the unconditional demands of the United States that he salute the American flag, and congress will be asked by President Wilson tomorrow for authority to use armed forces to uphold the honor and dignity of the nation. Negotiations with Huerta over the demand for a salute in reparatian tor the arrest of American bluejackets at Tampico on April 10 came to a close tonight at 6 o'clock, the last hour given by President Wilson for a favorable response from the Mexican dictator. The final word of Huerta to Charge O'Shaughnessy was a refusal to comply, unless the United States would guarantee in writing that his salute be returned. President Wilson at midnight was on his way to Washington from White Sulpur Springs, preparing to read a message to congress in joint session as early as it can be arranged tomorrow. In the meantime American war fleets were moving down both coasts on their way to Mexican waters to carry out the president's plan for reprisal. The crisis thus reached dogs not mean that there will he a I formal declaration of war, because the United States could not declare war against a gov crnment it does not recognize. President Wilson will seek authority, however, to send armed forces into Mexico to seize first the Ports of Tampico and Vera Cruz and the railroad trestle leading from Vera Cruz toward Mexico City. The president directed that a cabinet meeting be called for 10.30 o'clock tomorrow when final arrangements for a peaceful blockade of Mexican ports and other steps in the president's programme will be deliberated. Washington, April 20.?In 48 hours, possibly less, the United Slates Government will have taken possession of the Mexican custom houses at Tampico and Vera Cruz. Detailed plans for landing of marines at these two important coast towns were completed at a conference at the White House between President Wilson. Secretaries Bryan, Garrison and Daniels, Major General Wood, and Rear Admirals Fiske and Blue and John Lind. "No orders to the Army and Navy will be issued tonight," was the announcement made after the conference, action temporarily being deferred until Congress acts on the joint resolution approving the President's purpose of using the armed forces of the United States to en-1 force its demands against General Huerta, growing out of the arrest at Tampico of American bluejackets. The resolution passed the house tonght by a vote of 337 to 37, after a spirited debate. For several hours it was considered by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee with prospects of an all night session of the Senate, or a recess until early tomorrow. The joint resolution passed by the 1 louse and which was before the Senate at a late hour tonight reads as follows: "A joint resolution justifying the employment of the armed forces of the United States in enforcing certain demands against Victoriano Huerta. Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives in Congress assemembled, that the President of the United States is justified in the employment of the armed forces of the United Stntes !o enforce the demands upon Victoriano Hueita for unequivocal amends to the Government of the United vStates for affronts and indignities committed against this Government by General Huerta and his representatives. About Tax Returns. Mr. P. H. Arant, a member of county equalization,board wishes to correct the report that the land values were raised about one fourth in Old Store township at the recent "giving: in" daj-s. He gives the average at which the land in each of the eight townships was returned in the vears 1910 and 1914. Citizens of Old Store who have raised a racket because of raises in the assessed values will do well to read the list below: 1910 1914 Cheraw $5.10 $5.41 Court House 4.55 4.66 Mt. Croghan 5.09 3.33 Old Store 3.61 3.47 Jefferson 2,60 2.82 Alligator 1.55 1.80 Cole Hill 1.36 1.77 Steer Pen 1.50 1.83 By this table it will be seen that there was a raise in each township except Old Store, in which the average was lowered from $3.61 to $3.47. ___ There is again however in the town of Pageland. due in nnrt at least, to the fact that many lots were listed by the board* fhat had never been returned. For instance, a man would return one house and one lot when there are two or three, and some land had been returned in acres when it should have been given in lots. Hickory Bark is Slippin.' Monroe F.nquirer. Hickory bark is slippin'. The city bred boy knows nothing of the joy the fact in the foregoing statement brings. Hickory bark is slippin'. It means that slide whistles and pop whips can be made. It means that you can take a jack knife, go through the wooks selecting your long, keen, straight hickory sprouts and take them out on a sunny slope and make your whips, peel the inside hark out for a lash and just make'er cry so that the popping is like a report from a rifle. It means that you can cut a long straight hickory stick about as large around as your finger, take your knife by the blade and with the back of the handle beat that stick until the wood will slip out ot the bark and then you have a slide whistle which will all hut wake the dead and worry the very life out of nervous folks. The boy who never spent anv time out in the woods when hickory bark is slippin' missed something great?an enjoyment that very few things on this old earth equals and none surpasses. Not Near Enough. A farmer in great need of ex tra hands at haying time finally asked Si Warren, who was ac counted the town fool, if he could help him out. "What'11 you pay?" asked Si. "I'll pay you what you're worth," answered the farmer. Si scratched his head a minute then announced decisively: "I'll be darned if I'll work for that!"