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* : fc '<? ?? -f t'jivi, ? $ ? V Si--- BH JU.?.J HWBWWKBPKBBBWi?iL-Mll. Ul 'I'll, ?? 'HUM, III ,1. I '.I'jilBlMHI.Ul II. .'.1.. ? I'l J-l?I 1 U 1 i. . LL J 1 1?Li-'."'! WWBfc??B?8B?M [Vol. I.] '-t COLUMBIA. (8. C.) 'JTUK8DAY,-DECEMBER 10, 1810. ? [No. fll.] aaaaapi ?. -i mr n- r, r . n u 11 m\\ i .rfimmmmsammmmmma . ii.r1 m ?irnnnHir?Tii i n , " ri ??? i rUMLtftHKtt ? tl'KI,* 1?Y THOMAS \V. I.ORHAIX. 'I'.-nfy of Snbtcrif)tlitt.~'Him* lKiU:trx jh t nnmun, pay able in mlvaiicc....No paper to !??* iliscontiimctl, but at il?t? opium of the Kdilor, until nil i*riviumjjc* arc paid. .l.hartl*.'nitim tiut cxcccrinift fourteen lilies, inserted !!?l- lirat time fi?r ?evcniy.livc cent's, uml forty cents for **??}? Mil>sci|iirnt imcrtion. J^'llert ti? llie Kditor inunt ?>'postpaid, or the postage will be charged totlie writer. Til? Hoiitli-Cnroliim College. AN A1)J)UK88 IMivrcil t?? tlie Onuloatc* ouho Booth-Carolina Cotkgc, "? 'I--? Anniversary Commcnrcmml, December 'J, A. I). ISlfj, iii iho College Chapel, by President Maxcv. To you, young gentlemen, the preaent, it per haps, the-most important (rnriod of life. You arc now about to commeute a new career, to en U?'KC in new pucBuits; to display yourselves on 'ho great thcatro of the world j to bring into ??xercise the ptfwers and the virtues which you have cultivated t and to convert to private nntl public use, the learning and talents which you have acquired in the shade* of retirement. On ?he determinations which you now make, & the plans of conduct which you now adopt, depend your future prosperity and honor 5 or ill for 1.11 ne and disgrace. On your enlargement from Mie restraints and discipline of collegiate life, aome of you are filled with joyous hopes, others with anxious fears, and all, *1 presume, with an honorable ambition* On you are fixed the eyes and the hearts of your patients and friends. From you they hope and expect much. And did they not from experience know tha daugot to which you are exposed ; did they not know tlifc real evils of life, their pleasure on this oc raajnn, would bo fr?j from intruding anxiety ; their phasing anticipations of your tutu?: glory, Mould fill their mind with enchanting pistons, and their hones strong and free, would fepring and smile, like a morning without clouds.~ Hut alas, they know that there is no unmix* ed good in this world ; that alt things hero <?xist by opposition und correspondence j that wherever there is good, there is evil \ Wheruver ?here is safety, there in duuger j wlmrffeer there is hope, there is fear j in short, that human life, is a feverish dream of honor and shame, of joy and sorrow j composed of lawless ambition and brutal violence ; that in all nations, foi "co ulti mately triumphs over justice ; liberty sinks in to the gulf of tyranny j that innocence U no security j that virtue and learning, philosophy and eloquence } all the glory und all the digni ty of man, murt at last how to the sword of a Cieaar,or a Honanarte ; that anch i* the mix ture of moral and physical ill, in all parts of n& turoy Qnd in all human adiiirs, that after a ccr talnv perjod, s<svj| bfgiim to predominate over ?**^"gttina upon life ; ruin follows ruin* till the majesty of virtue is forgott?iM the spied dor of genius extinguished ? the most sacred laws trampled under foot; man degraded to n hjave ; all the monuments of his art and skill disced; all his lolly intellectual and moral en dowments sunk, degraded and lont in barbarism. Jlttfcyou rr.tist learn net to despair. l)ad as hu man life is, evil does not on the whole predomi nate. A virtuous, wise and courageous man, will find much to hope for, and much to enjoy. Conscious* of his own rectitude, he will possess peace within, and the light of immortality will disptJ the horrors with which he is surrounded. \ ou will do well to remember, that, the present world is a state of discipline, where you must struggle with adversity, to invigorate your vir fuo; where God has intermingled various do <",plcn*iiro and |?&ip, of good and evil, that finding nothing here to satisfy tlfc immor tal mind, you might fclovate yoo? affection* and hopes to a state ot pure and imperishable |ov*. T o act conscientiously, or as you aro convinced is right, is a rule of universal application, tand is in its nature calculated to produco happiness. A rational and moral agent cannot exist inde pendent of a law which prescribes und enforces ]iij? duty. Wight and wrong are wholly relative. 1 hey refer to a law which wo consider as a ;,,*?dard of rectitude. Thin makes the eternal diHcronr* Itolivceii l ight and wrong, good it evil. I he idea of a law, implioq 0i?( of a law-giver, possessed of a right flowing from his own excel - Tence, and underived supremacy to prescribe Jaws to all inferior dependant beings \ and who has power to enforce those laws i>v adequate v&nc'.tons. Man is the only nniin.il on this} globe who has the power of governing himself by law, and when lie. does this, lie in .1 moral ugent }-? that is, he acts from respect to a law whose obli gatory power hy recognizes. *1 h?* morality of Ins actions consuls in their relation to law j anil this relation is the only foundation of moral good and evil. The tendency of all the laws which Uod has established is to universal and perfect happiness. This would certainly be the insult. Were the requisitions of these laws fullv complied with. The misery of man arises from 'us abuse of his moral liberty $ from his volun tary dist'onformity to the will of his creator, i Ins is the true origin of nil the evil ami mise rv that ever did, or ever will exist. The truth of this it, apparent from the single consideration that in a being wholly conformed to Uod. there tan no more exist sin or misery than in God liiinr.tlf. You are so constituted that you can not remain indifferent to human actions. When you nerceivo these to bo Conformed to the rule ' , f* ????> of approbation rises up in the blind j when disconfofincd, of disapprobation, in both cases, vouexergse moral sense. Ito not ? Cfn-ed therefore by imagining that conscience moral sense is the creature of education, a mere adventitious acquisition. Uod has not rested the virtue and happiness of hit* rational creatures, on so uncertain a foundation". Con I ?nI.!!.f1COilL ,,, ni,,,(''1 ftn power of our na- ? I uro a? the uudcitftandiug 1 though it dww tn^f,! like the understanding,act atone in any instance/ Tho operations of intellect mast always pre cede ) for unlets von know tUat there are such things as law ann obligation, you can nave no perception of right and wrong, of merit or do merit, and of course no exercise of moral sense. All our powers are evolved in a certain ordor \ exorcised in their proper spheres, and in their peculiar relations nAu dependencies. The ope rations of moral sense, tnbugh in order subse quent td those of intellect, are wholly different from them. If the dperatious of intellect prove it te bo an original power of the mind, the ope rations of moral flfcuso equally prove it to be an I original power of the mind. You will perceive therefore that virtue is not left unsupported ; that it is not left doubtful as to its motive, its nature or its end. You carry in yourselves the incitement, the rulo und the reward, lly ad mitting that the moral sense springs up from the original frame of vour nature, you cannot avojd the obligation of doing right * iior thu crif* sure and misery of doing wr<mg. If you would then possess an approving conscience*, 'ike care to inform yourselves whfct is right j^tu know the nature anil extent of our own obligations and duties. If you strictly atlhero to these you will be virtuous t and ill proportion as vou are vir tuous, Mod has ordained that you sliall be han 1 ny. You are not bound down by an invincihlo I law of nature to bo virtuous because God has given vou power to become vicious and misera ble. In short your power to do wrong, is the same as your power to do right. In both cases the good'or ill use of this power is left to your own choice. Remember then, that vour own virtue, respectability, happiness and fame de pend on yourselves. Never leave to accident or an iiuagioarv fatality, what God has put in I your power, tlouor and virtue drop not from i the clouds j the m iuds will not bring you bread : | nor will the earth reach (Tut a sceptre to your j baud. God offers vou his bounty, but leaves I the improvement of it to yourselves. You have every motive, therefore, to excite you l;? the most vigorous exertion of all your powers, (o know and to discharge your duties. The?e re late to God, to yourselves and to your fellow men. All your relations involve du'ticn, and ilie importance of t!ie latter, is in proportion to the intimacy of the former. Gf course your duties to yourcruator demand your first and highest regard. From him you nave derived your be ing ; on him you are wholly dependent ; and to him you arc amennble. The full homage of the heart, while it is justly due to him, lays (he only foundation of true virtue, arid constitutes the only guarantee of your other duties. If yon know, und love, and fear God, you will pay nil tuiitalile respect to yourselves, and to youV fel low men ) and you will in ull things ui t ran fecicntiously. This alone, will give vou stabdi ty in principle, energy in action, and dignity in character. Consider not, as is frequently done, the service of God as a wearisUme burden. It is the highest glory and privilege of all intelli gent being*. The laws <?V God are just; his requirements alt reasonable; suitable to your state and capacity, and directly conducive to your happitiCM. * lie acts from 110 necessity to* wards you ; ho needs neither your love nor vour service ; for these can add nothing to an infinite lieing j?all lie desires is your happiness \ and this lie pursues by alt menu# consistent with your natures ns Irec, accountable creatures.-? The true happiness of an intelligent licing springs from virtue, ami virtue frptn freedom % Hence it is evident that omnipotence itself can not make you happy by arbitrary, irresistible force } for this would destroy ydUr moral agon-* cv, and convert you Into brutes or nin< hinos. Your happiness and that of all rational account able beings, is the Immune** of free will.? Choose therefore the service ol" Owl j conform your act'rtms to his laws \ yield iij> your a flec tions wholly tbhim-?for every thing appertain ing t<* this wni lit wilt ultimately leave you wretched. "When n due reverence for the su preme being is established in the heart, the em pire of virtue will he secured ? because you will then consider nil the relative duties of life, an duties to Ufttl. In n life of virtue the greatest victory to bo obtained, in over yourselves. The heart of man, the Kent of all bin appetite* and passions, m the source of all vice* ?. his crimen, and of mnst of hi* errora.?-Ueason ami con science were designed for his governor.41 but in his present fallen state the nuthoritv of these it opposed, and not unfrci|uently wholly re nounced. The soul loses its freedom, with its peace, anil Kinks into the dreadful empire of death. If you wyuild preserve yourselves from this deplorable Mate 1 stifle the* first suggesiion 1 of evil { resist the lirst approach of tcmotatum j keep your hearts with all diligence: tiiua act ing you will be masters of yourselves t you will be able to cultivate with success, every personal virtue, and to acquire every useful and n iniahle accomplishment. Though the rule of riuht applies as directly to the duties owing to 1 ourselves ami to our fellow men, a* to those ow ' imr to (Sod x yet it some how hap|>en* tl--.it most j men arc disposed to disregard their own per ? sonal, more than tiieir relative obligations?-ra? 1 |M'cial!y those which involve the dutii* of idcuikl. This is n great and dangerous error) for no mail can injme himself by vice or neglect, without directly or remotely * iuiuiing others. You are usmucli responsible for the inthicnccof your example 011 others, as lor the ill cfi'ects of your actions on yourselves. Itcmcmbcr that personal virtue is the foundation of all real worth ; of all true dignity of character \ of all Kenuiue piety to U01I, and of the most exten sive usefulness to mankind. In proportion as a man becomes vicious, he renders himself in capable of doing gouil ; destrevs his own peace and that of o<hct> J jwrverN 'f?o noble end of Iiis being | toils every shining quality, uul de grades every moral and iutclluctuul endow ment. The dinger of immoral example, arises chiefly from wrong notions of trutf happiness; end from want of reflection and due considura tion. Vice* if properly seen* cannot like vir tue, spread on the principle of sympathetic as sociation. A rational sensitive 'being, cannot deliberately choose misery. If yoif examine thu laws and principles which God has establish od In your nature} if you compare theso with tlx* injunctions of hit revealed will, vou will per ceivo a wonderful coincidence, and all your en auirlts, if Impartially conducted, will result in le Arm conviction, that every motive in in fa vor df virtue and against vice i that the last is only another name for pain, disgraco and mise ry ; the former for pleasure, honor and happi ness. Never imaging that you can evade or violate with impumty? the laws of your nature, (iod has in all tilings connected your duty with your happiness. Tim relations which you hub tnin towards others, iuvolver titilhtot'ttflr and im portant obligations. These.result from the common principles and recipro&l wants of your nature, and from the laws of political society. Here opens the principal field for tlw? display of tlioso virtues, talents and (pialiflcations, which benefit mankind, which conciliate their esteem, secure their friendship and excite their admira tion. He cautious therefore that you hoivnably discharge the obligations resulting from the so cial state. Much of the tapping* of your Jives will depend on the good will of tho?e aroUnd you. This will he most eiVectuftllv secured by a conscientious discharge of your duties ; in t'endering cxact justice to all men ; in paving all due rospect to your superiors ; in kindness and condescension to your inferiors ; in civility I anil' politeness to your equals ; in liberality to the poor ami distressed j in supporting all in-, stitotions for the relief of human miscrv, and for the increase of human happiness. Thu* by acting in all the relations of lift) according to th?! rule of right, you will gratify }our own con sciences t you will promote your own respeeta i bilitvand usefulness j you will secure toe es teem of men* and the friendship of (iod. As it is your lot to come forwurd in life at a nni.il in teresting perod,let your conduct lie murked with the most disinterested love of your country. Avoid the contagion of parly spirit: exerci?e a noble and independent lilnn-ality towards those who differ from you in sentimeni ; cultivate peac with all men, and support tlie laws and constitution of your country. 1 trust and be !ie\e that vou go from this College with a deep sense oi tfie \aluc of civil and religious free dom. To behold you oxer tiny your talents in support of thesr, will aflord the highest pleasure to tn.?se who have co'niiucted your education. The prompt obodicncT: which you have ren dered to the authority of (his College ; the dili gence with which yi?u have pursued vouj stu dies | thu civility and decency which have cha racterised your deportment, have greatly con tributed to the good Order and rcgutur discipline of this College, a lid have set an example which 1 hope will long bo remembered and followed. Though many individuals nntonu your predeces sors have held an high rank in literary distinc tion j yet when I consider the number and ta lents or the present class, I must, pronnuuer you the lights of this institution. Hermit me to express on this occasion, the high satisfaction which I experience in crowning you with the laurels- of thitf College. May they grow and ilotirndi forever ! Departing frftm this institu tion, you carry with you, my most ardent de sires "for your Happiness. 1 now give yOu my fi nal adieu, & commend you to the blessing of Oo'l. MISCEMANKOliS. ?MO$f TMr. CVMWtX UAlf-TTK. To the Hon. the Spe.tkcr ami Member* of lliellour.c of l(c|ircscut.iti\ci. ypfii Gentlemen?The present communication linn been delayed some timo past, fur the purpo&Cof bringing to yum view, during tlio session, ovi|? necessarily arising from the cucouragenioiit uf quackery m medicine. ,No stato in tiic union nnpears to huvo vioweu with greater iudilTureuco (lie rapid growth and destructive tendency uf thin insidious fun to humanity, than our* $ yet none cvincpi* greater anxiety in the adoption of laws and inutiicipnl regulation* fur the pvescr vation of ofpial rights, fkv. Strange to toll, whilst it has bestowed hucIi indefatigable atten tion upon tho subject of state jurisprudence, it him manifested more'zeal in tin; curat mcnt of laws calculated to preserve the rotative right* of citizens, than to protect tho liven uf those 'who aro unwarily exposed to the two edged weapon# of empiricism. If ever tlif.ro wr.s u timo for tho encouragement of learning and liberal prir suits, &c. it is tho present, Prosperom in tin1 enjoyment of an uninterrupted peace, and desi rous of advancing every tiling tomling to im prove and adorn the state, our citizenslook for ward with un unprecedented z<wt for examples sanctioned hy legislative authority. Hindi they ho disannointed in their anticipations ? Will tho legislature yet persist in encouraging the exorci.se of a profession hy tho most unqualified pretenders ? W ill it still refuse to listen to the voice of reason, roitoratVd hy the experience of other states, and tlony to tlnno wlio have devot ed their time and property to (ho acquirement of a useful profession, the benefit* of which would arise frtiin tho exorcise of it. Look o round you and see whether this is not literally the fact. Are not tho Sangra^ss of the day playing around hypochondriac*, &c. with nil the saug Iroid of professed magicians j and do they not ingratiate themselves into public favor, so far as to acquire uu ascendency over the rcgulm practitioner, notwithstanding n ronvicliMi of tho injustice of public ^nUmoti4. Let it not lie laid that moo of studious habits nud liberal education may acquire a Kuflicient knowledge of medicine lor thd discharge of the duties incumbent upon tlmt profession. This idea, we are aware, is inculcated by all>ucli as have read u Utile upon the subject, 'without tufct i11the sweets ol an adequate 1 iiowtedge.'? Drink deep or taste not the pierian hpriti;;, should ho tne motto. What on* the opinion* of those who oncc ad vocated that doctrine, from ii;iioiai:cr. '.'it l?ave. had the veil torn from their e\es? by t'.ie hai d of instruction? 'i hoy now proclaim t'.e irj^i'eo of a premature dec'nion. and re? ' in muni t! .*.>f universities wluc.h were once the jmeje.i of their derision. Who will pretend to n?sert I'.:tt n knowledge of anatomy can be acquired viiooe' tho assi stance of demount ration ? Can it he tained byiin occular inspection of the hie... ? subject, independent of oral instruction A ?h any man of common sense, who ha* prosecuted a regular course of study. If then a know ledge of anatomy is not to*he obtained bv indi vidual exertion, und its importance to the prac titioner of medicine is coiicedid, is there u t*a necessity for compelling such men as are about to administer relief to tin* aftliiMed, to con; | v with the rules of such instituting a* are ised for the instruction of medical students. Anatomy may be *aid to bo the ^r.-ut-d ?? <>:k of physiology ; and ?ii'.out a ko*tv. laws of the animal (economy, iho modus oj.er.ia ? di of disease, &c. no man should a'sino" < p.actice of medicine. Anatomy, altiioa :a. ? I portum. constitutes however hut a ?mall ? ro .or | tion of the knowledge which a p\\?'rian ou-Jst. to possess. Phar nacy,Mnteii.i Medi^j, (M.Min istry. the theory of medicine and liinical pir.c ? tic.e are equally important, not to say .:tiy tiling of obsterics. It was not until imniiical practhe v.as ?: ploded iu tlij' statv New-S'ork. M;i^.,iA,r vetts. Connei tirut, l'enu*vlvauia. Mar?land .* il Vir^ili'ip, br expunging i'rov. ti ?? li-t ?.f [ ' J cian?4>uch persons as w?.n!d wt.f coiilorn ; >. j regulations of medii:ul c-iMeges ; th.U , merged lioni a state of comparative i^iuva. M I in otir ii i.ince. Tho immense advant.i'jc* <?1 i >ii{ h l e^'datioiiH ui.t onl\ redounds t<* ti.rir ere ( dii. bin ha. actual! v improved the slat-? of pems ; ral knowledge, ity cii? oura!>io.'; n-i.? of^cienrc to locate, among;*.! us, we enlarge t!ie field :-f ? i. ? quiry.aud open the door to an investigation <-f subjects but little attended to in Mouth-Carolina, w: 10 will pretend to sav tliat ndfossils, mincial wateis or medicinal herbs demand our attenlioi , and by what means will Itotany, Mineralogy ov medicine be cultivated, unless we hold out suf ficient inducements for men of professional knowledge to settle, in every part of the state. The evils which existed iu the United State*, prior to tiife achievement of our national ??? reignty and independence, do not now .revail. l)elore that period, our vouog men were t.o peiled to cross the atlautic for die purpose .f acquiring a knowledge w liich may now be ^at tained in our own country, I^xpetiae* w/Jje *<? enormous as to prevent all sucli us were not wealthy, from pro&ccuting a regular c.ou *e i'.' study. liut at present tho ease is w iden ib ,'e rent. Kveiy man who possesses industi en terprise and application, may procure a deyrco iu medicine \ and our young men would seize every opportunity of advancing themselves with alacrity, were such inducements held out. It may |H>ssibly lie ujloged, that by adopting; such a measure^ we should deprive two third* of ov.r conntrv oi medical assistance. Jiy no mean-'. Let it be said, after a determinate period, it w ill be reuuired, that ill practitioners of medicine shall nave received the degree of Doctor of me dicine, or passed a regular examination before a legally constituted board of IMnsicians, who may i.?s?ue certiliutes to thnt Oftect lieforc lie shall bo allowed to practice. You have, gentlemen, already evinced a disposition to improve the li terary standing of our state, by establishing a College at tho scat of goveriin&ot, and occa sioning indigent children to be instructed at pulOic expense. Von have manifested a zeal, the most laudable, iu encouraging tridn qf learn ing to embark in tho profession law, by re quiring that candidates slmll jg^ergo a regular examination before admissiofl^^lM bar i ami as life, if properly apprcciatdl^RPtnorft valua ble than property?go ono step further and nd? vauce the profession of inedicino to a level with law in poinftyf respectability, by requiring can didates to ntfss through tho same ordeal. 8I1NATB OK Tlte VKH KD 8WATR8. The following tabfu fthoWa (ho purioth at which tlio term* of the nrcnent Bonatora.will ex pire. On tlio 4th <^f March/ lHir. 18$f>. > <1831* Mr. llibfo, Mr. Harry, 'Mr. Harh'iir, Drown, C!m*e, 'Campbell* Comlit, Daggett, IHnn, !I(h\i;II, Krotncnfin, *' (lore, Mason, Va. Onillanl,' ? Harper, Talbot, Golilsbormigh, llprtey, Taylor, Kiusj. I !<ititor, I Thompson, I.arock, ItOhiirtg, Tumor, ' Macon, ? ? UUgattif, I Vacuum, Mason, N. II. Kutilnrri* Weill!. Morrow, Tichylior, Williams, Tait, Wit&oti. The following nmon* have, already bocn c lecietl to supply too vucaneic* in the first das?, whoso term ?-oiumeiiccH next 4th of March, vi/. J. Hurrill, K. I. in tin? place of Mr. Howell. I). If. Morrill, Nej*' Hampshire, Thompson It. O. Otis, Masnachusctts, Vui num. There, arc *3* application# before Ihe 1 ??,^is!a - fure of Yirginh !?/*? Jtanka* a 4V only > ony foY n 8chf*?'.. ? '.#?' V :tLA ?' ... v.i'.'A