University of South Carolina Libraries
{No. 50.] riiiir.U!iRn wi..?tr 11V THOMAS w. I.ORRA1N. Ttrmt ff Subicrijilhn.?'Tluvo l>oHrvni per iinnutn, pay. able iii a<Wt?nce....Nu paptr to be timeout,nuctl, hut a* (Ht'optiuo of the felitnr, until ull arreuru^ ?rc paid. . I htrtlumtnH not excceri.ng fourteen Iiium, inserted tltu (IrU time for ncvcnly-lUe rent*, and forty cent* for each m?b*e\ptCnt i?*crtum. firtttrt to the tiditor (nun* l>e |m?tpalO,nr thcp'istnjfe will bo clawed tu the writer. Y iwJi 8T.VFR LKGIftljATURR. / CJOVtUNOlt'8 MKSSAOK. J T? Till-. MSim! AXII IIOt'SK or KKMMr.STATIVr.*. ' Fellow CUtxen??AW the measure* which, by tau proceedings of your last session devolved 011 the Incentive, Imvc, so far as they depend* ed on him, been accomplished. Where tlw le gislative will wus expressed or clcarly indlcn ted, it has been strictly obeyed j and whoro the compliance wJjiLt ywiy wishes involved tho exor cise of a itisu-fition it hiitjbcon used in a man ner that I4rust will prove satisfactory. In this respect 4lic paper* numbered from one to twelve iucluslve, ami Wealth transmitted will place l(i your rosscsflion nil tlie information that can be desired. 'Ihonaner? numbered 1, 2, amid* shew tho . terms or the convention negotiated at Washing ton with tho cldofs of tho Chernkeo Indians, ? and of itsJinal ratification by the nation; al though the luttcr was encunfbered with certain r<.'M?fvatioiiM in favor of. individuals which les sened in some measure, the importancu of the acquisition in a pecuniary point of vigtt^yet tiiuko were not considered so material alU^ire* vent my acceptance of the treaty, which lian accordingly received mv final sanction. A prompt and effectual change in tho state of thipgtt in that territory was essential to tliego ul order of society, and ill thin respect the acqui sition of jurisdiction ?vas con?idered more im portant, than tliu compensation given. Whon to this is added the fee simple of the soil, it is not doubted, that my proeedings in relation to this business will ijicct your approbation. The diK|M)sition of the general government, 011 tliis subject, and tho cheerful personal assistance of the late secretary fur the department of war, have obtained for us a relinquiidunent of title, winch it is believed could not otherwise hav?? been accomplished. Le^al provisions will be come necessary to extend to the territory tlm-? acquired, our judicial und militia system*, and to providp for the vurious circuinntuuce* which belong to ijt. Among the?e you will not omit /emulations for disposing of tho lamls und ad vuutugcously investing the proceed*. I\jil>np:t no an|Nropriutioh of the latter will be more bene ficial to the state at hu ge, than the creuti mi of ft PKf'l'mnent ftuid for tho maintainan.c of the ft en schools. 8uch a course, will he lip lew de lightful to tl e tninrt of the philanthropist, than consonant with the liberal policy & enlightened views of the legislature. In thus securing to the poor, the advantages of education, and putting this their precious inheritance, beyond the teach of temporary feelings or mutable councils, ti c character of the statu will ho established, ajsd the general welfare nromoted. 'l ite papers 4, 5% C," exhibit tlio corrcspon* deuce coDccming liio anus due to this state front the general govern men t. Tho quota of South i-araljua according to tl>,c apportionment mnde at the department of war Iiiih Ih:cii receiv ed. This in coimidcfcd fair, anil as far as it goe* satisfactory j but tho meuuu provided by Congies* on thin subject, fall greutly short of the wishes and oxpc.etation:i of the tytate. It in n-? longer a speculative ohjiiion. fur experience {inches uh that our Mburtfoti t^iKl in:>(ity>toiis de pend principally on tho militia for defence.? Science in the art* and discipline in tho prac tice of war, are iuclc?s without arms, and oven anm; become dangerous, yude?s a propondering |iortioii them Ik in the hands of virtue and patriotism??the militia thorvforo are tfoe safe de? po?it for them. llii| while there are no new ar mories erecting, and no extended onterpri/.e fur their mnnufucture commenced ; wo shall look i:i vain fur the accomplishment of our wishes, t?? those pf Springfield und |Iarpcr*s Forry.? 'I lie mere appropriation of a sum of money, ve ry h? tall compared to the object to hdftpftveted, no'withstanding its inapplicability to^any other l>tu ixim*, is better calculated to ouJ purpose, is oeuer caicuiateu to uuijiu'oumuc ty and to disappoint our hope*, W "Win u- nimle body of the militia.'* /futlie branch es <if the ^eueraj government, arc no justly in line need by public sentiment, that 1 cannot re frain from recommending a continued expres sion of our wishes (instruction to the state dele gation in emigre** may be happily reported to) until it idiall produce measures rorrenponding to the vital importance & magnitude of this object. 'l'lie (taper 7, in a copy of the instruction* prepared for (Jeorge IllacVlnirn Kjuj. under the nntnoiityof the appropriation 44 for procuring a map of ibis state." Your proceedings on tlii* tuhj'-t t, wrro considered an pointing tothhaen tlciiMii, as the person to be employed, not with standm/ my discretion warn, in fol io, not limi ted ; Mich an indicntiuu, however, wan not no re?*ary t?? proruro for liiin the appointment?bin i geiiiti* und anptiremenfH warranted the choice? Jni zeal and industry, tJniK far, have justified our coiifuleure. lie linn been directed to at tend at < ?>luuihia, during the two Urst week* of your session, to give Mich information and eiphnatioiMi a;* may be required, touching the piuuross nnd probable accomplishment of the vorjt Hi:. Journal, also, if required, shall be iflbjcrt to your cxjiuiinntiou. 'Iin appropriation for military boofc*? to l>e r?s f?j ?ho?l to tho militia of thin state, has been moic than sufficient for tkn purpose?^they lutve Iwen procured and distributed. This measure u ill not fad to produco all flirt benefit anficipa* f*<! fe.jn if. I'i^fi'iictH wore to lw soon during the review* of distribution or fo^tho olllcera ... , . , manifest^ throughout the stato, end the emu* lation existing in almost every regiment, afford the most gratifying proof? of tho correctness of your measures concerning the raUitia, A mild ?mt steady execution of the laws* will in a very few yeahr, elevate tliem at, least, to the level of tho best in tho Union. >.? 'I'lie American tire has proved more deadly in buttle than any other i probably, bccause Ave iiave been from our earliest years familiar with the uho of lire arms. The inducements, how over, to such an use are fast decreasing. The rapid progress of agriculture, accelerated by tho uncommon rowards of labor, is by constant though by almost imperceptible, degrees, impair ing tlio efllciqncy of our arms, by lessening the objects for their use. As the forests yield to the sue, tho aamo which they contained disappear, and with them much of t|lo excitement to a dex trous uhc of arms. Whether, these have so fai* flityhiiiihutlt at to, require other inceutivesfor tlio }>iSwnfvaiion of our skill in gunnery, you bent can determine J but surely*in honorable reward to such individuals as may, from time to time, distinguish themselves In the regiment*, by the precision ojf their fire, would bo productive of good, as it might assist to prolong the accuracy, and of course, the efficiency of our fire. The man who knows and feels that he is superior to Ills enemy,- is very apt to meet him, a* .toe mili tia met the Itritish near New-Orleans.* This knowledge always enables the soldierto jfarform wonders. Our measures should be, at I4ftst, an much addressed to the moral ns tho physical en ergies of tho (xiopln?with all armies eoual re* liaueo may be placed on tho former an the lut ter?-and witlt the militia infinitely greater. The tenth section of the act of the tGth of December last, requires to bo altered- or ex plained sp as to operute alike on ull officers of j uniform companies of Cavalry, Artilcrv, Infan . try and iliilleoieii; as well ns those which were nosed prior to tho passage of that law, as those ! subsequent. However contrary it may be to j what is believed was the intention of the legis . lature, it is contended, that the section per mits tho furmer to hold their commissions, while it deprives the latter of t'ieirs, when they Hhall fail t.? have in uniform n certain number of rank uoil lite. This is ton unjust a distinction, grow ing out uf the accidental wording of tho section, to be permitted to remuin. Much inconvenience results from tl^e regi ment* having no permanent place* of rcmlc/.-l vous, 1 rccmnmciul (hat An (impropriation be iu.uk* for each, to be expended at the discretion ill the Muji/r tioneral, lb igadier Gcuernl. anil r?i facii togtmeui u?; (mrncuiar coipmamiant.l as commissioners to proviso a mustorfield fur each. It* colonels were authorised to appoint! Bottlers, who on the (lav* of general musters! should bo protected in 'thu exclusive right to Buttlo atHUcli places, it would in manv, if not iu every instance, procure the muster-field wan ted, without the expenditure of the sum appro* printed. Should uii increase of population) in? duce uii increase of the number of regiments, and therefore u change of the place of t endey. voub, it is believed, the appreciation of the value | of land will bo such, as to prevent any lu?s in tho purchase?-at all ovoiifc}, tin; inconvenien ces, from a variety of cause** have become 1 hitch as to renuWe the interference of the legi?-j laturo) which in called for, not more by the good it may produce, than the improving state | of tho.se for whom it it* intended to proviuo. The uuthority given to sell such public, arms I as should lie found inexpedient to repair, lias been exeicUed but iu a very small degree, be cuu&e there was iio demand for them. It wan cousidcrud propv. to sullcr them to remain where they were, listing the statu nothing, un til Kales might Ins elVected to more advantage | than at present. Ail tho other arms are in per feet order and lit for instant use. Your attention is rcoomuionded to a review of I the Used laws of the State, at least, ho far ua tu provide against an evil which may arise anil | which will lie sugcste.d? Appropriations of mo ney remain a* credit* in the treasury, payable I mi uccouut of the mecilic objects fur wince they were granted, until expiensly repealed by law. Although our financial system lias been materi ally citauged since the establishment of the bank of thu Mate, and although all the balances in I the treasury on tho ?d of April in each year, are directed to bo paid over to the liank, on ac-i count of capital; yet the bank being bound by i's charter, to honor the drafts made ii|iou it fori approbations, alt unexpended balances, not repealed by the legislature, may be called for at y time. It may ba very proper to grant mo ney lor specific objects this year, which tho| legislature might litid it cxpeihont to refuse a few y.?ars hence. If no injury bus been sulVer ed by the state under such a system, it argues much nioro in favor of its public agonts than ol tho system itself. There ure now subject to the governor's draft, large balances of appro priation-! made during the Tate war, lor military purposes i also, more than twelve .thousand dollars of tho contingent funH remain unex pended. The resignation of John Taylor, Ksq. late a I Senator in congress, herewith submitted, and marked H, induces the necessity of electing al jieixon to represent tho state, in the Senate oft the United States, until the expiration of tliel term for which lie was elected ) as a|so some one to succeed to that seat on the 4th of March next, Klecturs of President And Vice President ] of the United States are also to be chosen du ring your present session. The paper t>, contains the generAl regulations | lor thesyivernnwnt of tho stjJVof tbeState. pre pared arid submitted, in obcdioncc to the act of the lit of December list. Those ftum tuo de tiio Hth'of December kit; Those from the de partmen} of war, to wjiicli these refer, would Iiavebeoi printed u.id distributed among .the otllcois,[biJtfoi tie alterations it is possible you may -4iul expedient to make la them. The letter.from Judge Dcssaunurc, marked ?v>? will satisfactorily slicvv, that tub Court House ^erctofyro useu in the Equity district of Cherav, in no longer suitable Tor tuo purpose* intended >. indeed that aud the jail ucur it arc |n a slate of/entire ruin. . Tin Fa per If, is u copy or a la>v of tlie state of Georgia, received froih the executivo of, tluit state'since your lust meeting. Whether tho neasjre which has been so long adopted by this tateJ in anticipation of such a law on tlio part tf Uiorgia, be now tho most proper to be pur sued you have now an opportunity to decide, as also,to consider maturely^ the expediency of omocncing on a large scale, works of internal pa>vciuout. Perhaps tho topography of no ii present* more inviting opportunities for juwiug inland navigation than our own;? tone have stronger inducements* and yet, few havo done less. Tho state is postered of ti$ most ample materials} puolic spirit, euterpriite, perseverance, are not wanting^ aud uothiiig is icqMifed for accoutplisinneni vr|fary desired (inject in this renpcct but tiio patrtAfO of the IcgiMatuio. Whether tiiis inait btf '{{Forded, by gruuts or loans of money, l?jr Oecomibg pai^iei liators in work* of puotic utility, or Ujf tiNnti* ill tig tliem WiMUy on stale uccount, is uUbiiPlfte teach Uf yourludom to determine. '' * Permanent itogUlatiniis lor un exchunge of tho laws Of tuis*tute, for tnoioof oilier states and of tlie United btatea, are \?iy dusiraoie. 'lift} convenience und utility of sucii un anaugement, liitvo becii perceived, anil an excliun^e request ed tiy nearly all tiie Mutes, A lie nicest pre pared by Juri^o iiruVurd, oilers jou u ready moue ol furniBliing sucli wv*? a* ba\e been en acted, prior to its puolication. I nose aubse <|uentiy ouueted, can be .ilao coinenieiillj pro cured. Two events have occurred, during the present 1 year, which required a remi l in n.t.iur} iorce. j A lew runaway ucgroe*, uouccuinig lucninem's , in the swamps ami inuitiiius contiguous to i ?-???-. bailee unci Ashepoo rivers, not iiauug been in-' terrupted in their petty p?uuut!iin?h lui u lung time, formed the nucleus, round wi.icii, an toe illdispused und audacious near t:.em t,ati.view, until at luiigth their robberies becu.i.e two nun* ou? to he sptfered witli impunity. Attempts wero then made to disperse ttiem, wlucn, eitoer from insuflicieiicy of numbers, or bad uriuiige metit, served by.iJ??ir. fnil"/" rugo u ..?mon destruction ui pn>i>o>ty. Their force now became alarming, nut less from its number*, tiiun from tho arms and ammunition with which it watt supplied. Tho peculiar situ ation of the whole ol that portion of our coast, rendered access to them difficult; white the nu merous creek a antl water counted,, through the marshes and round the island*, furnished them *nsy opportunities to plunder, not only tho planter* in open day, but the inland coasting trade also, without leaving a truce of their movements by which they could l>e pursued.?h There wan but one more stage, to a state of things altogether intolerable ; to prevent which, 1 felt it my duty to use the public force and the public monev. 1 theroforo ordcied Col. now Mi\j. (jen. \Vm. Youngblood, to take the ne cessary measures for suppressing them, and au thorised liim to incur tlie cistomury expellees of such ail expedition. This wan immediately executed* HVft judicious employment of toe militia tinder iiiii command, he either captured or destroyed the whole body. Ah the amount of the exj>ciices authorised, ha* not yet been r.scer taiued, and of coulso not paid, I ask of the legislature to put at tho dis|H>Mil of my tiucces tan, a sum adequate to redeem my promUe* The other event happened in tfie neighborhood of Camden. It appeuathat a schome for organ izing insurrection nn^{( the slaves, had been for years contemplated by a few des|>erato cha racters there. '1 hey had nearly matured their plans, when a communication of them was made in the latter part of June last, to a faithful^ ser vant belonging to a gentleman in that neighbor hood. By him I was immediately advised of the plot, whereupon 1 directed ono of my aids, lit. col. James ('hesnut, to adopt such u course as would lead, not only to n satisfactory knowl edge of their whole project, but to its effectual prevention. Ilis measures corresponded with iny confidence. Tliey were an successful as they were judicious. Through the instrumen tality of tho good si'rvaut alluded to, he carried on a counter plot, by which he was enabled to procure ample te^ti-mmy to convict the princi pals, without resorting to the evidence of the servant who made t)io lirst disclosure, and to seiv.n upon all who were implicated, before the slightest suspicion of their guilt was entertain ed t?y any one, except those engaged with him to prevent it. They were immediately deliver ed up to tho civil authority, and have been all punished except one, whom tlyj court pardoned. However certain of failure every such pro ject must ultimately prove, from the circum stances in which we now find ourselves placed, it can scarcely be, doubted that but for the loyal ty of tlie servant mentioned, much injury would havo been sustained, prior to the filial destruc tion of those, who so rashly plunged themselves into roin. If ho has saved the life of a single person, or tho lause of one ndividual from lire, lor massacre and conflagration were Imth em braced in the pnyect, Ins services to tho public are such as to form a string claim on your go. nerosity. lie has always supported a good clia* raster, rtiid been for ft course of tear*entrusted with the care of a portion of his master'* pro perty. All that ma muter cnii do to better his situation, without proclaiming his case to tho neighborhood, from which be is restrained by n promise, has beeti already done. 8hort of "In* freedom* his reward will uot be ample, und this in more becoming tho legislature, than any other. His najne and every circumstance con netted with his case, will be fully communica ted to auy committee of your body, should they, be required for the purpose of providing foi his freedom. These incident* admonish us to a careful rc visal of our patrol system. IVrliap* the agents selected for lit execution are proper ; lint dm responsibility under which they net, is hi lie veil to be inadequate to a junt aditiini?tration of it. If the duties to be performed by the.se amenta, at e to be cmuideredol'a military nature u holly, ashy noine they havo b?en,no evii could rcMilt from requiring aUuerior officers to nuperiuti-nil their execttwtt^if of a civil character, t e aid of the ui^ht he Micces.ifully ie Hortod to. by a<jyiinfepin additional chiu >? ?<> ?l??r adafluThe^ jflTo^ra; a jur t . T' vb< e\. nt*, occurrence of liu\li ?? l, induced cot tain enquiries of 4 le,tcr reply, mark before you for vonr consideration. ijRU possible, that your deliberation* on tlicso subjects can lo concluded before thut re morselewi' mercilcfis t'ulVtc ?hi?h brings amnn<; " "'" -^of jlll descriptions' from other states, *1 is a reproach to our mural;, us... .m k^ur feelings, shall press on vou for I. It is time the c?ur-o of ceaselcs dike regardless of country and cotise 'should be arrested ; hi^lt time, that our ?treit|ijind hhhwavs should he f.eed ?Vim the cto'ida of suffering victims, tluit are cOiintantly draggctyt^irougti them, to minister to ins tiaVu avarice. The rights of homani'.?awi e poli cy?the prayers of the Just, nil re ,uire, that the. delightful avocations of domchtic life, should h<> no longer defiled by the presi-nce o." convicts and malefactors. The time has parsed, when nil n-.u- r>?li. ??? , . ? ?? ?? ? M' ?D ucrc excited in relation to the tnilitia diail* by the general government. >Vc then saw the ?f ticiency of our institutions par:tIiz?mI ; the pub lic order threatenedj " tho voii of the temple" of Hit' constitution *? rent in twain''?vet tho rcdeeiam* spirit of tho people, without disorder or commotion, patientl v struggling through thu difiicultv. T!?" ??eriotl l as now arrived, when we cun deliberately, without passion or preju dice, review tise pr<gie?i>of e ??nts, touchiig t.iirt interesting subjcct. and d< cide, whether it be n .1 necesaarv 1?? ? r.~ ? '? ' ? ? ? ? ? ..miliar occnrroi.ce.s in liluie. It cau , scarcely Im denieil tiiut a power oug t to be l.-id;; cil ?.>cwhcre. competent to cul< out t!>ci>hs^i* cal force of the nation, for nai ?nal emergen cies. However ii.expedient m.d daugeroiiH it would be to strip the state ;o crn ? Cit* of all authority over tne militia, and \e?t it o clu-ho ly in the general governmrnt, it can be neither to give to this liist, complete power over it, f r the specific purposes enumciated in the con-.ti ! tufion. Such a power appears to lie a ueeesiarv attribute of sovereignty, and essential to itn .preservation. Whether militia drafts were im ipropcrly withheld or not, by home of the xt-ii i-h during the late war, in not ncrrfooirv now to dis cuss t it is sufficient, for all good purposes, t'.at we know contests concerning tl-e exercise of authority over them during a state of war, have arisen. a.id may again occur, not only in rela tion to the constitutional right to call for them, but also, os to the sphere in which they may be. employed. Such an evil ought to be removed. This is not an affair involving paity considera tion? at all??-it is tho great business of the na tion to provide for tho nation's safety. What ever may be the political character of t'ongress, it ought to have full and entire power" to pro vide for calling forth the militia to execute tho law s of the union, suppress insurrections and re pel invasions"?-to defend the sacred soil of their country, without the possibility of its be ing elided by (pierilous reasons or Factious ar guments. ftherefore recommend an amend* ment of the constitution of the United States on this subject to your most serious delibeiation. You have a^niu assembled, fellow-citizens, tin der tho most propitious political clicumstan c- , The peace of the nation undisturbed* its diame ter elevated and revered abroad } the empire of the laws perfect at hornet blessed with o govern ment, instituted oy the people, & administered for their benefit* which, like the atmosphere per vades every thing, yet is no whcr^felt? secured alike in the Cull exercise of our religious and out civil rights; cloying all the happiness of le;al liberty ; the poor educated ; tho educated happy ?the people virtuous and every where industri ous, prosperous and contented. That such a rich stream of blessings should l>e poured out to us, at a timo when all the nations of tho earth with whom wc have intercourse, are made to cat the bread of bitterness and sorrow, call for tho most grateful and eurueitt thanksgiv ing* to the great author of every good. Under such circumstances, you have come up to the tip* pointed house of the people* with none but dis positions faithfully to do the woik of those who sent you, in which may you lie >o enlightened, with u that wisdom v.Inch h from above" t)<at all your r t* may advance jour personal diame ter and the public good. It. Wll.l.l VMS. Itorsp. OF IinPtHV<RSY..TIVRS. '/'uetiltiy, .\'cvmtr> The following standing committees were a; pointed, viz. Committee on the Jud clary?Messrs. M C, Yancey, UUwsvoek, Spatin. Martin, Stephens, Kirksoy, ('urchin, Noble, Daniel, Miotics, Wil