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WSMSMB* W BE KIT 11V THOMAS W. LORKAIN. :i Trrmi .S'u4ioV/>//o>?.?'Three Dollar* per uitnum, pay alilo tn advnnci-....No paper to be discontinued* butsi tlit: option ot'tlio Editor, until b!1 arrearages are paid. M\crti?*mcitti not exccodmjf fourteen linen, inserted the fli-u time Tor serenty.five cents, and forty ccnts for each nubsctiuent insertion. Letter* to the Editor must \x postpaid, nr ths po*tStf? wiU tn charged tothe writer HISTORICAL. FillVQIiTlEH OV TIIE KHKNCfl NATION, I rMSVlur* TS TUB BKV0LIT1QX. " Ilrcnil,and Theatres," was onco the motto! of the Roman peoplej and such, appcarantly, vtis lonv; that oTHio Vrench. This may lie in ferred from nu ordinance of the police, made April 14) 1784, ami proclaimed by sound of ti umpct. At tlie very instant wheu tho parlia ment of Paris was making remonstrances on tlte dearncssofflour.and the immediate necessity of giving bread to tlie innumerable famished poor j the government carefully watched over tho pleasures of tho populace. In an ordinance, which relates to Merry-Andrews, Pantaloons, Hope-dancers, and ^thor exhibitors in tho Houle Vardjt, or environs Of Paris, it is declared, that these amusement** being murio for the people, to refresh them from their labours, and prevent the dreadful cftccts of idleness and intemper ance. it is necessary to put them at the rate (Which docs not exceed their ability. The man*" trs of these facetious personages arc forbidden ? raise their first s**tj to * lughor price than tree livrcsf their Hcond to twenty-four sol* j their third to twclvof arid their fourth to six. ] In Jnuunry 1769, t important cause was Wrought forward in the .igh court of judicature, lit was an action instituted by tho coi-jfeur* Jen (fames, or ladies hairdressers, of Paris, uguinst the corporation of master-barbers, and bagnio* keepers. It may be proncr to observe, that tiie baguin-kcepeers generally dressed the ladies after bathing. It is probable that Home able pleader amused liimsell' in drawing up the curious memoir that was published on this occasion; which every where discovers the playful hand of n master. In his first division, tn6 orator, speaking for his clients, maintains that the art of drc?t,i.ig the ladies hair is a liberal art j and bolriy ventures to compare it with poetry, painting, and sculp ture. u lly those talents,*' says lie, " which are oeculiar to ourselves, we give new graces tothe bcatrty who is sung by thenoct* it is when she comes from our hands that the painter and the statuary represent her; and, if tho locks of Heienice have been placed among the stars, who will deny that, to attain this superi or glory, she uas iirst in need of our aid i " A forehead moro or less opcn< a faco more or J?*s oval, r?u|u?r? very different induesj everyi . where wit u?ul'. embellish iSaturo, or correct her ?Icficiences. It is also nccessiiry to conciliate w ith the colour of the flesh, that of the dress which is to adorn it. This is tho art of tho painter. W e must seize, with taste, the vario f ated shades; and, by a just distribution of ightund shadow, givo'nwro spirit to too cont ufcxiou, and ,?o?f Oprossion to^iiic graces. Home times the whiteness of the skirt will l>o \hejghtcned by the auburn tint of the locks, or *he too lively hue be softened by tlio greyish cast nth which wo tingo tho tresses. 44 If the ar jtigeiuent of the hair, and the various colours w H?ve the locks, do not suffice, wo have in our /uds tho brilliant treasures of Golconda. To ft belongs tho happy disposition of the diamond; A% well as of tho pearl nin, and tho gracefully *u spending feather. Trie general of an urmy knows what reliance ho can make on a half moon placed in front? aud we too have our cres cents sjhe has his engineers, who are distinguish ed their insignia j and we with a sparkling cross advantageously placed, know how difficult it is for an enemy not to yield. It is we, indeed, who strengthen and extend the empire of beauty. " Some rigid ccnsurers may, perhaps, say, that they could do very well without us} and that, if tncre were less art and ornaments at the toi Mtcfc of the ladies, things would be all for tho better. It is not for us to judge, whether the manners of'Siwrti were preferable to those of Athens j or if the shepherdess, who gazes on herself in the chrystal stream, interweaves a few flowers with her tresses, and adorns herself with natural graces^ merits greater homage than thosta polished citizens who skilfully cm ploy the refinements of fasliionujle dress. We inunt take the age in the state wo find it. Wc fuel a disposition congenial with the living man in'ri, to which wc are indebted for our exist ence ; and, whiio thev subsist, wc ure desirous to subsist with them*'* This important trial was crouded by a most brilliant assemblage; and, when the grave de-1 <-i?i?m of (he court was ttnally made, in favor of riirffeurs dc* dames, it wna approved bv a sud d'-n clapping of hands from the anxious brant ion. of Parin, who considered the uflfair as of the fii t?< ;ia< tonal consoqucnce. In Hcptember 1700, an exclusive privilege AvjHobtAined to supply silk nmbrcllan, lor Uiohc ?vvho felt themselves incommoded by the beat ?if the sun, as tliey walked over the I'ont Nenl l! Ilflicos wcro erected at the extremities of thi* biidj^e, where such petit maitres ns were fearful of spoiling their complexions, provided them selves with one of these light atul useful ma* chine*, which they left at the office on the other paying two Hard*. It will bo acknow b-il^'u, that the projector of this undertaking vi a* profound ami sublime ih his national views; and, surely, the Government was not inferior, kvhen thev granted him their letters patent for the ;?? umbrellas! Among the various extravagances of French ? as the singular one, of wearing hats,or hat* with four points, which prevailed in 1776. This grotesque covering was used by the petit maitrcs for. their morning dishabille; Shortly afterwards, some innovators introduced hate with two poiuta; these, however, did not I etterally succeed t Vet tlie Duke de Richelieu ismisieu his valet, because lie gave him a hat with four points, instead or two. The English sloushcd hats, at length) prevailed. All tneae fashions existed in the course o? one year. In 1780, the fashionable roily consisted in weari two watches t and tha Duke d4 Rit^eli *" ing a pair which flamed with precidus sycophant i lit rested permission to The auktvard courtier, however, d . tlie floor ; and, in atteiftptlftg to save ,rr the Other. Tlie fragile triflea<j*efti thufc ruincd, atid lie stammered out a thousand apologir " Do not be uneaay," Cried the duke j "1 ne> before saw them go so wfU together.^?; 1786, reigned the mahiaofoutlona ?they only v o: o them of an enormouar* ' pieces, but with miniatur* tures ; so that a set of but at an incredible price* ** in ait res wore.tho modest ! Oesaraf others', antique orphoses of Ovit tM'llbMae ? above by forming' >ii stpid rebtisics buttons was*'* derfully disp1ay< well as of the purchaser^ and afltf hauhtible source of conversation. 'Wi To this fashionable extravagance siticec?!cd,: in the same year, that of the waUtcoats. ; These became a capital object of luxury in dress, and were purchased by dozens. They exhibited the fancy of the wearer by their fine paintings, and were enriched with tlie moat costly orna ments. Among the variety of suhjecta they of fercd to tlie eye, were a number ol amorous*and cotnic scenes; graj.e-gathcreis, hunter*, fee. ornamented the cheats of the tltgaus; and the belly of un effeminate trifler was occupied by a regiment of cavalry: one of these amateurs, delighted with finer fancics, had a do/An waist coats painted, so as to represent tho finest scenes in Hicfutril (ticur de Lion, and tho ope ras of the day; that his wardrobe might become a learned repository of tlie druma, and perpet uate it's most fe.liritious scones ! The national levity Wis insensibly declining about the time of the American war. In 1782, ? the (antrr* o? w^:?Q innu'fn and, indeed, after the splendid victory of llodney, tlie fiwl.ionable female Parisians wore bonnets n /? For the vanquished voluntary (o exhibit the honours, and thus to rejoice in the advantages of the enemy, is a cu rious fact in the history of human nature, and an instance of the most singular levity. Indeed, about this time, the French were gradually met* amorpho>ing themselves into English manners: only a temporary levity in the* nation, which would pass away like it's former ones. But liberty was insensibly acquiring a form and a voice. The influenza spread about this timo; and that also was converted into a fashionable dress. Tlie hats and bonnets of the frivolous Parisians were all influenzas. The Count de Verge lines, in a conversation, was describing the singularity of this epideinick disorder; and said, it was called the Russian malady, liecause it first ap peared at Petersburgh. "We are threatened," observed a dutchess present, " with another malady, which will como from America."? ** What b that madam fM interrogated Vergeii nes. "The Indopendanza," replied the fair Cassandra. 1 am informed that our troops in that country arc delighted to learn, that every soldier may hope to necome a genejal, if ho dis covers anv talents for war; that the Americana acknowledge no distinction of nobility and rank, and that all men are equal. This infinitely ? leases the French: when they return home, ley will dwell with rapture on these events; they will tell their relations and friends all they have seen, and in what manner inen become in dependent; tlicv will then teach here what they have learned tiiere."?English Magazine. f.imi u:tkiiihtk: bkktuiiks or tiik Mwms. Tho Mooi h, so called by tho European*, arc a mixture of alt nations who have of any time settled in North Africa: hut (lie predominant character, physical and moral, is that of tho Arab of Saracen.-?The name is unknown to themselves, and if, as it would seem, it is a corruption from that of Mauri. Vy which tho Uomans designated the people ot a particular province, it has long ceased to lie applicable to the present inhabitants.?" If you a*K a Moor," savs Mr. Dupuis, " what ho calls himself, ho will answer ho is a Moolism, or believer.?-Ilis country? Hied Moolistnin, tho laud of believ* era.*' The Arahs distinguish them hv tho name of Mcdui^ien, or towns-people. Kuropeans, however, tiro in the habit of applying indiscrim inately tho term Moor, not only to tho mass of population in Northern Africa, but throughout all Asia to tho confines of China t it is in fact almost vvnonimous with Mussulman. The Moors of Africa arc rigid disomies of Mahomet ? they pray five times a day, with the face turned towards Mecca ; perform their ablutions j cir rumciv tl'ejr tnlc children | hr'ieve that every man** destiny is preordained and written iu the book gf fate j hate ami despite Christisus and Jewstshat up their women}and oat coosco* ao.--Thls U made of gwulated paste, in which is smothered any kind of animal loot!, n dish uni versally in use, from Arabia to the.shores of the 'Atlantic, and not unlike the pilaw of India, the granulated flour of wheat being substituted for .*? ?;i The Moor never lauglis, and seldom smiles I lis grave apd pensive appearance wcarsthe ex nrnal characteristic of a thinking animal, but it tlio mere result of habif j there is no heart, pub ideas, that few of any : next to the abstrertiejt from all i the bath aeems to preponderate \ f ink or opulence are without this luxury but kerj largo town haa its public baths, which onttrally annexed to some ceravsnsert or ttMtenset Ahe^e the Moor gets himself well lbbed down, and bis joints stretched or sham - onedj Here hettae nis coffee, and lftrc he is itoi wild tales of geuii or ad. ?iuine|Pvjw''' " ^ refiner thus de^jbtik by col. . hand, ,|d'r*oll _ ? .jmm ?? Is long beafja^Wijfcl regard to economy throws it back into tho * tomould 4ne# into i1'-*?this the colonel I bating to satisfy tl?o Idle on this i ims of While on this subject, our faro of an imperial feast sent to the'bouse of the Knglish ambassador. It was brought b under the load of a ban I readers inaj perhaps be amused with the bill of faro of an imperii ambi westing ow, the con tents,of which wore an enormous howl, filled with the national dish, and of the kitchen, C-orsocoo. This lining itetlf was followed by an entire sheep, cd indeed, and bearing evidence of having J^ne the process of the kitchen, but vet, appearentlvt possessing its intestines as in oays ojyofe. The equivoque was, however, speeoi* ly s<fgg{| for, incision being made, a bounte* ous discharge of contents extruded, ready di es ok 'Hous feueiful forms of puddings* for ?* minced meats, and indescribable et Sfi i micrennr S^emoU as If this Arabesque taste iwp een trained to adhere to tlie modes nf nature.''. .Superstition of the Moors.?The Moors aro great observers o( ill omens; what they moat dreed is the influence of an evil spirit or an evil eve to counteract which thoy wear, charms "round the neck, or carry in their stomach a por tion nf the Koran.?TheUleal way of preparing the last preventive is to write down certain verses nf the Koran, to. bum tltfiin, and to mix tlie ashes with some liquid to be swallowed failing} thus fortified,a Moor is proofAgainst supposed to walk abroad at night. Moor of no ordinary cast of mind hed with tho sacred periapt just all the demons of " l)om Daniel's cave." Among thoi. superstitions may l>e reckoned their ahhorrence of block { their modu of expressing ;|he miinber live by four and one t their abstain ing If om mentioning tho word death, which they aVoid as cautiously ns the courtly divine did'the ^mention of hell to the cars polite" .Spirits beir he must be who, unfurnished wi noticed, would venture abroad in the dark'; if a person should dio suddenly, lie is struck by some local demon. Thirteen in company is an unlucky omen) but this superstition, like some of the others, is not confined to the Moors ??many a good lady in Bnglancf would not sleep comfortably if by any misfortune her company at table had consisted of 13. Among other su perstitions, an opinion prevails^ we bellove, in all the four states, that it is ordained the Moors shall loose their country on a Friday, during the hour of prayers by the invasion of a people clothed in red) yet so inconsistent ar6tj$y, that at this hour p?I nates of every city are care fully locked, as if bars and bolts could oppose the decrees of fate. They arc not, however* | mere theorist* in predestinations, but submit I to ovary rhaugc of fortune with humble Vftlg* nati/m,passing from a state of opulence ta that |of misorv, without a murmur; and whond^eth approaches, tho expiring man desires nothing more than tlmt his face may be carefully turned towards Mecca, and, when assured of his posi tion, lie hears his suffering* with patience, and leave* the world in peace. Methyl of.Sepulture among the MeOrH.~The dead nrc always dressed tor the gravo ) tlie earn, nostril*, and eyelids are stuffed with a prepara tion of camphor and tich Apices. An uiiinar* ried woman is ornamented os a bride, and brace* lets are put on her arms and ankles. The body in wrapped in Ane white linen, Mortified at Mecca, which is generally procured in their life time, and carefully preserved for their hit drew. At thp head of the coffin is placed a turban, if the deceased bo a male, corresponding with his rank) if * female a large bowjuet of flowers?if a virgin, the loo, loo, ft*, is aung by hired women, that she may not be laid In the ground without having had the benefit of the wedding song. On Fridays', the evo of the Mahomedan Habhnth, tlje women visit the tomb* of their deceased relations, under the idea that on that day the dead hover round to me*t their friends, end to hold commerce with v.-" thoso tliat maj be deposited near them f and on this Account tuey conceivo it t<> bo the inure . - cessary to dreais the dead, that they may not in ?such an assembly of uiioHtt complain of the ?.<? .gleet of their refationa. The tombs are neatly white-washed.,and-kept in constant repair; flowers arc glinted round them, and no weeds suffered to grow. H^pall chappeU are gener ally .built ever the tomb* of persons of rank, and decorated with fluwors placed in largo .'nina \*fa(j??Livtrpool Courier. i in ini i aSbkJultubk. TMK HUI?KKIVRI*rV OK AttlUCUl/ITKK. Man ill a state; of nature, lives on the sponta neous production? of the earth, or exists by hunt ing and.foiling) he exerts his physical powers to gratify his physical wants! Unacquainted with the arts of civil life, JJk> vigour ami activity of his bo<iy<|^|alono employed to procure those necessaries which arc essential to the support of his existence. Ashe advances towards civili sation, ho exchanges the condition of a hunter for that oC'% husbandman, and thus progresses till h* formes acquainted with the arts of civil ? Id to the happiness, and tend to the itloji.of society. The mother ofthuso ,tlturc t and among all the occupations M Were I* perhaps nono which contributes than it to the prosperity of societv, or to > et|}oyment of individual happiness. * Where 'rewire greater opportunities of indulging ""?(luiuiteand fewer temptation* to \ice pit If virtue will lie more successful!* ii.m! l, and moral habit* mote extensively a? ? quired. In the seclusion and retirement of a. country life, man find* few temptations to c;t from the path oi rectitude, and not familiarized with those scenes of profligacy and vice *(> |W.? <iu$ntly exhibited in cities, to the destruction of mdrals and the annoyance ami injury u'-? cicty. Occupietl in the cultivation of the earth, and surrounded by rural innocence and sin ;.Ti city, his desires arc regulated by the ?ib around him. and lie feels but lew ii clitiaii? ns to swervo from virtue, or plunge into the vor texes of vice : his religion is the religion of !.is ancestors, and is firm and stable; l.e m :kcu> toined to regard it with reverence and respcct, and habit as well as feeling render* it a neces sary part of his happiness. '1'he pursuits of agriculturu arc in themselves innocent nod harmless; they occupy the mind sufficiently to divert it from vicious todulgencies and splendid dissipations; moral habits are formed which subsequent vicissitudes cannot shake; and vir tuous attachments acquired, that future tempta tions cannot destroy. The fanner beholds around him his own territory, with delight; his desires are limited, by being released from the extravagancies of fashionable life j his wants are e.istly satUfio d; and the contemplation ot a number of happy beings within the circlo of his observation, adds to his felicity. "Agri culture," says an English writer, "docs nut encourago the spirit of dominion common to rich commercial states, and is consequently less involved in war and expense than they husbandman contemplates (he limits of hit little territory, and its cultivation is tho boundanr of his ambition. A society of such rocn lust not for foreign dominion; they are satisfied with their piurn' possessions, and deeia ir'folly to encounter the horrors and expenses of war to olitaltrthf: possessions of others. Ac customed from infancy to the physical anil moral object** around 'them, tliev become at tached to the spot which gave the'm birth, and tho society to which they have been inured. Their patriotism is thus augmented and cherish ed ) health braces their arm. and comaue ani mates thoir heart; they ftock to the standard of | their country when its'liberties are threatened and conquer or die in its defence. The love, of country grows with their growth, and strengthens with thoir strength. Freed from the corrupting influence of gain, with strong so cial and physical attachment!., their lov'o of country is deep, unyielding, and indelible. In dustrious from habit and from inclination, and masters of what they possess, they feel their consequence in tho scule of society, and become important and useful to their country in pro portion as they become independent and virtu nus. Switzerland and Flanders prove that an undisturbed ciiioyinent of that virtuous indr ncitdcnco which results from agriculture, is bet tor secured to an agricultural than to a com mercial or manufacturing nation. The inhab. Itants of these countries are bold, hardy, and persevering--virtuous from their habits, and Industrious and independent from the nature of their pursuits i ami these distinguishing charac teristics thov havetefained amid the convulsions and revolutions of empires. In the United States the agriculturalists from tho most powerful and the most wealthy portion of tho community. Tho same virtue, indepen dence, and lovo of country are found in them that aro seen in the agricultural nations of tho old world. The United States, from their vast extent of territory, will always he more agricul tural than commercial. The produce of tho land furms the most important branch of their woalthj and in proportion as the population in creases. the hab'.U of the j?eople will bocomo more agricultural, and the bml more productive. It it supposed that the three fourths of the pro. duco of this country are consumed in it, und tho balance exported. If this be correct it proves that tho fitly, en* of the United States are, from tho nature of thoir pursuits, independent of for eign countries, and may at uny time, without very serious injury, withdraw themselves from the vices ami corruptions which an intercourse, with foreign nations sometime* pioduce. Iti order to ?J.ow Me produce of Und culfiwited in