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[Vol* I.] CC)LUMBU^g^Q^K8^Y, NOVEMBER g|J810. fNo. 40.3
rVNUMin WKIKLV
BY TIIOMA8 W. LORRAIN.
TJtwm Subtcription.?'l'Urcc Drtllart per annijn, pay
nblc hi *dvancc....No paper to be discontinued. but at
the option of the Rdilor, until all arrearage* art paid.
not cxcccding fourteen lints, ittcricd
tlie first lime for seven* y-flve centa, and H?rty cwiu tor
each mibjequcnt insertion. Letter* to tlie EdiUr imut
he postpaid,or the postsge will becharged tothe?vr.icr
mmrnrninijmmrtimm \ 1 ?????" ? ??
LITERARY.
A JOURNAL OF 8C1KNCP. AND TUB AHT8,
No*. I. nnil 1L edited at tho Royal Institution
of Great-Britain } published Quarterly; l*nn>
doit, John Murray, 1816, fivo. pp. 328.?" We
announced this publication in the Analytic!
Magazine for July f but a* the second nunjber
in much better than the first", xve think our rid
ers can have no objection to being introduced
to it again. From tho ausnice* under which
it appeamy?emanating an it uoes fro in tho Royal
Institution?and from the persons who have
engaged to supply it* pages | consisting not only
of the most active persons belougiiuc to that In
stitution as Sir II. t>avy? Mr. Thomas
Uniiidc, otr.) hut of various literary and scien
tific gentlemen in difi'emit parts of the Hritith
empire ,Mtio Qunrterlv Journal promises to bo
one of the first periodical works of tho present
day. No expense is spared in composing its
contents j and accordingly, all accounts of new
inventions, or new modifications of old ones,?
every article, in short, winch requires illustra
tive iliagra'ns iff accompanied with an appropri
ate plate. As this great expensivene*s, with
the additional consideration that, to tho bulk
cf American readers, fhc whole of it* pages
would not be very interesting, will doubtless
prevent its total republication in this country,
we shall, in future, extract such articles as we
think will be of practical utility in our own do
mestic economy, accompanying them wit[i all
tho plates and diagrams which v/c find in the
-original, or which their illustration requires.
For this number wo present our readers with
a pnper and plate relative to a now invented
gasometer, which, as they will perceive, is in
tended to remedy, and (Iocs actually remedy*
all the defects of the common apparatus, in reg
ulating the admission and escape of gas. it
was invented with a particular reference to the
illumination of streets and public buildings, by
means of carburetted gas i and as some of our
large cities have umlertaken to illumine their
streets in this manner?an example which, ero
long we hope, they will all imitate?a disrup
tion of the apparatus employed for the same
purpose in Kngland cannot fail of being sub
servient to the consummation of their labours.
The substitution of gas for oil in lighting streets
?!?}??? ofW utiw invention ?Hch i*
calculated to abridge the occupation of a cer
tain class of labours?will unquestionably be
obliged to encounter much opposition in its
progress; but we believe it will eventually
succeed. The history of this police regulation
is somewhat curious; und we think an extract
from an article on the fiihiect of inventions, in
the Wllld number of the Quarterly Itexiuw,
Mill bo a useful profacc to the paper we arc
going to subjoin.
" Lighting th? Streets.?This was a policc
regulation unknown to the Roman*. In re
turning from their nocturnal leasts their sluves
carried before them torches or lanterns. Puldir
illuminations, on particular occasions, are how -
ever, very ancient > Kgy pt and Greece had thein.
Rome, according to Suetonius, was lighted up
on the occasion of some games, exhibited by
order of Caligula. The Jews lighted up the
holy city for eight days, at the feast of the
; dedication of the temple, and Constantine or
dered Constantinople to be illuminated on
Kaster eve.
?i H It uId appear, from some passages in llm
father* of the Greek church, that Antiocli was
rmanently lighted in the fourtti century, ami
leswi, in the fifth, ami that the lamp** were
spended, an they now arc in Pari*, from ropes!
?etched across the street. Pari* was not
;htcd until the early part of the sixteenth cen-,
ry. In 1524 a mandate wan issued for the
habitant* whose houttcs fronted the street* to
?arg out candle*, after nine in the evening, to!
prevent incendiaries and ?*reet robbers. In
5H& large va*e*, fdled with pitch, rosin, and
<ftthor combustible* called falots, were placed
at the corners of the streets. In IGtt2 an Italian
<Ibbe, of the name of Laudati, obtained an ex
elusive privilege, for twenty .yearn, to let out
Perches and lanterns for hire. For this purpose
lie erected booths in ever? part of Paris, and
had men and boys in waiting at each, ready to
Attend either foot passenger* or carriages.
Five years after this the whole city was lighted
As it now it.
The n? of London, as Mail1 ml says,
Were, ordered, in 1414, to hang out lanterns,
light the streets j and sir llenry Hnrton, ac
ting to Stowe, ordered, in 1417, * lanterns
lights to be hanged out, in the winter
ingy, betwixt llallowtidc and Candlemas
and for .100 years afterwards the citizens
ndon were, from time to time, reminded,
pains and penalties, to hang out Oicir Inn
it the accustomed time. In 17.10 an ap
ition was made to parliament to increase
lamps from 1000 to 50t|01 and in 17*14, on
aunt of the number of robberies, an art pas
for completely lighting the cities of London
} "Westminster.
. (jfrln 1J53, at the Hague, lights were ordered
?t* placed before the doors, on dark nights j
Hft in lf?73 lamp* were placed in all the streets.
t(JOOD Amsterdam was lighted with horn
\ (ferns. Hamburgh was lighted in 1074. In
jP# every third house In Berlin was to show a
fit* and in 1089 it wa? lighted, but very
badly, at it still is, at tho public expense. Han*
over was lighted in 1090 f but Dresden, Lcip
2iff, Cassel, Halle, Gottingen, Brunswick, Zu
rich, and some other German towus, uot till
the eighteenth century. Venice, Medina and
Palermo arc all lighted \ so art Madrid, Valen
cia snd Barcelonaj but Lisbon is still in the
dark, as is Home. Sextus V. rl?|du nn attempt
to have tho streets lighted j bujgthe must ue
could accomplish was to iiicreM? the number
of lamps placed before the images of the saints."
" Mr. Murdoch (Kays the Ecclectic Review
of Accum's Treatise on Gas Lights) seems en
titled to the credit of being the first to bring the
new uiode of applying coal gas to the purpose
of illumination into practice, and Mr. S^inuul
Clegg, of Manchester, has the principal merit,
as it regards the construction afld application
of tho requisite machinery." Mr. Ackerman
has calculated that, while the old method of
illuminating his printimcoflko cost him no less
than 1 GO/, per annumrthe expense by the new
system is only 40/. per annum, or uuly about
oite fourth as great ns tin* former.
M 8uch (adds Mr. Ackr.rinan) is the simple
statement of my present system of lighting, the
brilliancy of which, when contrasted with our
former light*, bears the saino comparison to
them as a bright summer sunshine does to ai
murky November day : nor arc we, as formerly,
suffocated with the etyluviaof charcoal, nor tfn?
lumen of caudles ami lamps. In addition to
tkis, tho damage sustained by the spilling of oil
and tallow upon prints, drawing books ami
palters, &c. amounted annually to upwards of
6oJ. All the workmen employed in my estab-j
lishmcnt consider the gas lights as tho greatest
blessing, and 1 have only to add that the light
we now ouiov, were it to be produced by means
of Argaud's lamps, or candles, would cost at
least 350/. per annum.
" With regard to the apparatus and ma
chinery employed for tho. production and use
of the gas, we cannot of course be expected to
give in this place any description : ipdeed such
uescription would be altogether unintellighle
without the assistance of plate*. Suffice it to
?ay that the coal is introduced into iron cylin
der!, called retorts, which being made air-light,
and placed upon the l'n?, the gaseous product*
are luado to ascend, together with other pro
ductions, in the form of liquid. These la>l
are conveyed into proper receptacles, while the
gaseous matter is conducted by pipes into
places for purification; and then, thus purified,
made to pass into the several conduits for use.
The proilucts of coal, treated in this manner,
arc, beside the gas in question, coke, coal tar,
and an ammoniacal fluid, all of which are ma
terials of much value and use, and, as we have
cauit t?y Mr. AcLvrnutt'u ?tatonu::t, ijrua
very considerable deduction of the required
espnniture in the production of the aa*.
Mr. Accum thus answers the arguments
against gas lights which is drawn from the
danger of using them.
t% In fact \iie says) no danger can arise from
the application of gas lights, in any way, but
what is common to candle-light and lamps of
all kinds, and is tho fault of none of them.
Kvcn ill this case the ?a* lights are less hazard
ous. There is no risk of those accidents which
often happen from tho guttering or burning
down ol candles, or fiom carelessly snuffing
them. The gat-light lamps and burners must
necessarily be fixed to one placo ; and there
fore cannot fall, or otherwise become deranged,
without being immediately extinguished, lie
sides, the gas-light Humes'emit no spark*, nor
are any embers detached from them. A? a
proof of the comparative safety of the gas lights,
it ncdfi only be stated that the fire offices en
gage themselves to insure cotton mills, and
other public woiks, at a less premium, where
gas lights are u?ed, than in the case of any
other lights.'*??Jliiulci'tic Magazine.
MAlHMt Of Till*. MOOU? A 11Y .1 HOGG.
inuM Tim riiAvrwgr.
There ha velwen many men who have undeserv
edly obtained llio reputation of pools. Suc l? i?pr
son'rt, ?n mean. who have been made political by
rending. Their minds liavc been recipient?nut
inventive? imitative of the observations ^f
other*, not observant themselves. They have
imbibed uliat i.? railed the language <?l poetry,
but they have not been aide to giasp it a suo
Manrr, Thrv may b?? ?uid to have arrived at
tlio banks ot* Ca&talv?to have plucked tiiv
flowers growring by it* side-?to hove loriked
with complacency, and even pleasure, upon its
waters;?but some secret working, uudeliuable
spell has paralyzant tbeir power, at the instant
when they attempted to plunge into the stream.
That 44 mol> of gentlemen,'* who Wrote with
ease in tho jocund davs of the voluptuous
Charles, was of this quality of mind. And of
the numerous name* that have come down to
us from that time we think that the miuhty din
proportion ot nine out of ten may be placed
among this order of imitator*.?-\Vc trust our
readers will apprehend our meaning, without
our entering into a long detnil of names.
Wo have now, however, poets that forcibly
set before us the genius of 44 olden time*."?
The names of Worosworth, More, lt\ i on, and
Coleridge,?w Iiosh
" Hf?oU arr like tho ?tir* tint apart ,*?
n ill throw their light into tho hotoin of after
ages.
Mr. Hogg, the author of the potto before us,
though it would be <toin? hiin prejudice, because
injustice, to compare him witli tho above high
names, must bo a poet of considerable rank.
He Iiuh much original genius. Ilo necms to
bo "made in tho poetry of iiftturo"?that is
be loves all those lino part* ojpher which it it
tho province of poetry to love noil cherish.
The following stanzas, out of the introduction
to " Mador of the' Moor,'* will show his close
eyed observations of uuture \ and his love of it |
" There tho ?l.-*rlr raven builds his dreary home;
The eagle o'er eyrie raves jifciud i
'Che Unrnlled lux around thee loves to roam,
And ptarmigan*, the inmate*ol'the cloud t
And when Uie tmninor flings her dappled shroud,
O'er reddening moors, and u ddsoi softened (Tray,
The voutliful ssvam, imlUthioncd, unendowed,
The hioi kot and the latnb may round thee play :
T!icu;tl;y first guests alone, thou fair majestic ray 1
Hut liear me, spirit of the filled eye,
Far on thv pinion* easVwurd to the mam,
O'er garish glen* and strathsof every hind,
Where oxen low and Wave* the yellow gram.
Where bursting cliffs o'erh nig the belted phdn,
In spiral forms, fmtastie, w.hi, and riven t
Where swell the woodland choir and mu.dcn's strain,
A\ forests I tend unto the hrr*. /e of even,
And in the Hood iHNtcalli Wave o'er k downward he-wen."
fl'licre is great beauty in these de?ci iptive kUii
t hut we do not give them ns (he befit of the po
tto* but merely by cliance, to illustrate our obser
vtthin of Mr. Itt\eff*s love of nature?u fueling
ii.o>.L valuable in tho lireast of a poet. Mr. il.
seems quite at home in tho fields. He loves
"To wander
Adown soma trotting burns' meander,
And iiae think long."
lie derives all his figures and smiles from the
mountains, the lioidn, and the heavens. Kven
(he jiassions of tho mind urc thus illustrated?as
" So beam of wtper rayed Iter glistening eye,
It sunk like star within the rubied west;
Or like the tinted dcw.hcll seen to lie
Upon the roiC-leaf trcuild.ngly at rest,
Then softly .vtiksiipou its opening breast. p. 123.
The shift nig lines that sported o'er her face,
Were like the streamers of the rosy Eve. p. l.>3.
We could give ir.any other like passages, but
these will do for our purposo.
lie sometimes, however, shows thvt lie can
rise higher than mere description, and natural
imagery, ns in tho following passage of au ex*
quisite ballud in the first canto:
Thin the car) I liflit the babe ??? young,
And neurit lur w:th ane treindou* lung ;
And the lychtc of God slr.?k on Ins fare,
A?, he nel.ton the dewe, and raliit her tirace p. 57
We shall make hut one more extract, which
| wo think excessively beautiful:
| The rainbow's lvv!\ i:i the c .w.rjar'. iti.l,
| The rose is '.^a'ltcons on the bended ilmrn,
Sweet is the evening r from pvr; 'e slmmd.
Ami sweet the orient blushes of li e mn:ii,
Sweeter than all the beauties wb ? h mI.iiii
The fcinalr form n yotrh and :it udru bliK.tn,
<) why should p.issiuii ever nu i suborn,
To work the s?vote..'. Mower ?.f ii.-tore's doom.
And cast o'er all her joys a \ cii >f eheeru'ss gloom
O ftugile il'iv-r ! thai b!o<.s?ins hut loi*;iic'
Onr .shp rec.ivt.y or recall defu**'
Thou walkst thedi?*y verge w.th steps unit aid,
Fair as the habitants of jyi.Utv sk es !
I.ikc itiCITi Tilii'tl licm mors* lo lin*!
(? lingile flower! for thee iu> m\ p ?in !
Haply :? world i-> hid from mortal
Where thou inay'st sm.le purity n^i ?,
And shine in v rgin bloom tlwt ever dial) remain 50
j Wo liavc not spare to make further extracts;
J hut what have been git en, ?c think, are sofli
clpftt to justify our remarks upon the style of
Sir. Il's poetry. Nor v. ill <?ur limits allow
it a to entor into tlie story of *? Mad or of the
Mooi." There is one thing, however, which
forces us to disagree, ami almost to (piurrel with
Mr. It??. Wo ullude to the<< management of
bin story. The first canto is nil mystery-?it
is enveloped in a cloml! The forms at o fointly
shadowed out?not distinctly drawn to n ?i*c.
The second canto is more natural,?and the
third, quite <o;?hut the fourth is supernatural:
?the fifth gain* upon nature auain, but cannot
get free from romance.?Thin wavering hutween
one nnd the other gives the poem a character
of inconsistency, which for the respect we en
tertain for. the talents of Mr. II?, wc are
?oi jy to see. The Queen's Wake showed us
the powers of Mr. II. in tlm ballad-style, in
which lie greatly excels?and, in t';is, he has
|Improved upon?not departed lYom?his former
cxcellaiice.
flattie of firown*ti>wn.?Wc have just read,
and with lively interest, a narrative of the battle
of Brow nstown, fought on the !>th of August,
IB12, between a detachment of L\ 8. infantry,
militia, ficr. under the command of lieut. col.
(now brigadier-general) Miller, and a combined
llritish and Indian force under the orders til
major Muor, Tecumsoh, and other chiefs. Th
narrative is written by miyor Dullibn, with great
clearness and accuracy } describing the ininiit
ent circumstance relating to this biill'mut action
In this afi'air, as at Tippecanoe, and in every
part of tho cumpaign on the Niagara. Millei
is seen characteristically cool, composed, ac
tive and biave.?This pamphlet (which is pub
lished by I?oogw'orth,Hhakc?nearo Oallery, No
11 Park) forms an acceptable contributton to
tha future historian.?AVw-lorA- pnprv.
The 1st No. of tho " Huston Weekly MagA
?/.ine," from the press of Messrs. Tilester and
I'armenter on Saturday evening. Wo under
stand it is edited by a club of literary gentle
men, from whose learning, spirit and* iudepen
donee, the public nifty expert without the fear
of disap|Wiintment. a fond of literature and ori
ginal criticism. \Ve hope for the honor of the
t'iwii it will be liberally patronised.?ttuut. dun,
Messrs. Wells and Lilly have received from
Kn^land, and will shortly publish?A I.ettci of
Advice to his UramM'hifdron, Matthew, (Jabri
el, Anne, Mary and Frances llale. Ily Sir Mat
Hale, Lord Chief Just, in tho reign of Charles
the sccond.*?Motion Vmlladlum.
Speedily w ill be published a secret history of
tho marriage of tho Princess Charlotte with
Printt) liCopold, and of tho breaking off the troa
ty with tho hereditary Pr. of Oiang
riON THB ALItXT DAtt* ADVCItTltKH.
THE N Alt RATI VR OFHOHKRT A1) A MR?A SAILOR
Tho Quarterly Review for May, 1816, con
tain* an accouut of a very singular work, called
?" The Narrative of Robert Adams, a bailor,
who was wrecked in the year 1810, on the
Westorn Coast of Africa, was detained three
years in slavery by tho Arabs of tho Great- De
sart, and resided several months of that period
in the city of Tombuctoo." litis narrator w&*
a common sailor, belonging to this country and
said to be a native of Hudson. His account of
himself in England wan?that lie sailed from
New-York in June, 1B10, in the ship Charles*
John ltprton master, bound to Gibraltar, with a
crew of nine pei'-vtns, and at Gibraltar another
man was ship|>ed?that the ship sailed down the
African coast on a trading voyage, and nit tho
eleventh of October, tho vossef run upon the
rocks, and was lost, about 400 mile* northward
of Henegal, at a place called El Gaizje, a low
sandy place, without verdure, trees* hill* or
mountain, an far as the oye could reach. Here
they'%ere mnftt* pmouiw-H by the Moors. Afl
the story appears to have gained credit in Kns
land, we have {'..ought a short account of it
would not be uninteresting to our readers. Ad*
am*, if this account be corrcct, is the first white
man that has been known to have ever visited
Tombuctoo,** Great pains were taken in Lon
don to ascertain, as far us possible the truth of
hi* narrative. The history was drawn up at Mio
secretary of state1* office for the colonies, ? be
fore lord Bathurst, chancellor of the exchequer*
8ir Joseph Banks, and others, in Adams's pre
sence, and the appearance of integrity in it was
such, that the lords of the treasury ordered
him a buiii of money, to carry him home to this
country. Doubt*, it is true, were entertained
of the accuracy, and, indeed of the truth of bin
narrative. Tho reviewers, however after weigh
ing all the circumstances, " on the whole con
clude, that iio reasonable doubt can be entertain
ed of the general accuracy of it." Some parts of
it. at least, appear to have received confirmation
from u very respectable nource. Adams wart
released from his enptivil v whilst he was ut a
place callcd Wed-noon, by the assistance of a
Sir. Duptiis, the British consul at Mogadon?.??
Mr. Dlipuis sent one of his servants, iu the dis
guise of a trader to Wcd-uooii, who succocded
in procuring Adams's discharge, and they pro
ceeded from thence to Mogadorc iu company.
After reaching that place, he remained with
him ciuht months, and was treated with every
possible kindness. Mr. Dupuis afterwards sent
mm to Tangier, where Mr. .Simpson the Amer
ican Consul, procured him a passage to Cudix,
where he arrived on the lrtlt of Muy, 1H14.
lie remained at Cadi/. 14 mouths, in the nervier,
of a Mr. Hall, an Kn ?li?<h Merchant, and r^.
soon as he heard of the peace between this coun
try and Great Britain, ho went from Cadiz to
Kitglnnd, was lauded at Holyhead, and from
mciivu HH i iu 1<011<1011< anil was there discov
ered by a person who had seen liirn in the em
ployment of Mr. Hall.
After he hu<l passed t! rough two examina
tions in Kneland, and his narrative had been
drawn un, M. Dupuis arrived in that country.
It stated that?" At the request of the editor of
the narrativo, Mr. Dupuis read it over* made
notes upon it, and corroborated the leading cir
cuuistunccH of it, which had been related by
Adams, almost to tho very letter of the nam*
tivn." Mr. Dupuis is stated by the reviewers
to be " a gentleman of the strictest veracity,
sensible, well informed, and a perfect Arabblft
Scholar*'?and highly respectcn bv hi* acquain
tances. lie hus written many notes to the nar
rative, the last one of which is in these words :
44 1 did frequently interrogate Adams when at
Magadore respecting his travels in Africa : and
frequently sent for person who had been at the
places he described, in order to confront their
accounts with his, and especially to ascertain
the probability of his having been at Tombuc
too. Amongst these individuals was a sbiek at
Wc<lnoon, a man of great consideration in
that country, who had been several time* at
Tombuctoo*, in company with trading pat lies $
ami who, after questioning Adams very closely
respecting the city and its neighborhood, assur
ed me tjuit ho bad no doubt he had heen there.
Another Moorish trader, who was in the habit of
frequenting Tombuctoo, gave mo tho satno ac
count. In short, it was their universal opinion*
that lie most hnvu been at tho places he describ
ud & that his account could not bo a fabrication.1*
To this testimony in favor of the truth of
this account, we shall not undertako to add any
opinion that we might he induced to form at tits
distance, and upon only reading a short ab
stract of the narrative. If Adams was an in
habitant of Hudson, the fact can, ami doubtless
will, be ascertained. Indeed, wo understand
that an attempt is now making for that purpose.
We hope tho result will lead to confirm tho sto
rv. Whatever it may be, wo shall bo gratified
to bo favored with it as the interests of litera
ture require, if Adams is an impostor, that he
should bo exposed. We franklv own we should
very much regret the event, if it should prove
to lie so. We should bo sorry (hi* country should
produce a second Daniberger.
II the truth of the story should not be shaken,
or should bo fully confirmed, it prove highly
honorable to tho gentlemen in Knulnnd. who
were willing to run the |?o?sihlo risque of being
made lidir.iMytis by the publication of such a
(ale a* this is. Their treatment of Adams wan
kind and generous ? ami if ho bo in fact no im
I?outer, he deserved such treatment. And we
iop". if he shall have returned to this country,
that an edition of tho narrative may be publish
ed for his lienefit. We. think it would aell very
rapidly, ami it might, in some measure, com
p?:iiaato him for his unparalleled suffering*.
.;T'? l>?? '.vu'.lu ifd iii 0'ir nfxi.)