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... 1 ? mm f' ' r.U^/'*1 THE Iu. -x. ? - - ^saesssBams COLUMBIA, (8. C.) TUK8DAY, OCTOBER 15, 1816. [No. 43.] ??pi?a in i ii -i rnmrnnr?i mmmsdmmmmmmmmmmrnimtsmmmmmmammmmmmmmammM ii i i? ri'MLUMtn wr.r.Kir HY THOMAS W. LOUKj TVrmi 0/ Stthtcriptitn.?Thrc? Dollars p< able in advance....No paper to Ih? the option rtftlifl Kditor, unlilull Athtrtiwntnt* not otccotlm^' lixir'efn 11 the tiino f<tr wveiily*flve i-Milt, anttl p;m-!? Kiilttcpu ia in4crt.cn. f*turt to tl Ik* postpaid, or the potta^ will l?o ch!\r| uii-uii.|l'j?.ui.jii jLiuiJi-iHiuiuiJ STATISTICS. INUMiltRSH OP I IIK t'NITKO SI'hm It would go t?? the exclusion of mop vttlu realtor from this volume of thn Hegltcr, were i we (o ijive detailed tnblcaof the progress and ex. I / tent of American commerce t and, fortunately, it ia unnecessary, an Mr. I'itkin'* '^Statistical View*' can easily be procured by all who mav wish to examine* the subject. The Aadera of that work might* perhaps, Hi.ppo?e#it <|?ficient in its nccount of the early condition ant prop est* ot manufactures x but after a good dva a ro? H^nreb. \r* convinced ourselves that better ac count* are not to lie found. Before Mr. Coxe wrote his view of the United States, people iind not bestowed any attention upon the subject, so that he had few regular data to found Ins esti mates upon. As a.general view of this subject is necessary to our purpose, we shall give sucu brief nketch es, and sums total, as may shew our national progress, and refer those who m ish for the items to more voluminous statements. In 1060 if was first found expedient to check the prosperity of the ^louses. The famous i>?v. ?cation act was then passed, entitled " an act for the encouragin" >nd increasing shippinvr and navigation,** whicn restricted the trade ?f (|H ? olonift. to the mother country, fn ano ther act prohibited the colonies from obtiiininu any Ruropean goods, except ? in Rrtgli?|, built ?hipping, and through English ports where they were subject to duty, and several without drawback. In the year 1760, the colonial trade was confined to the mother country, and that part of Europe that lies south of (Capo Finis torro , and to certain ports of Africa, for the purchase of slaves and to the West-Indies. ?To the articles that were confined to the r.nglish market, by tl?e navigation act, sych us sugars, tobacco, cotton, dye-woods, others were at different period* added, such as molasses, tar, pitch, turpentine, hemp, masts, &c. cop per ore, iron, pot and pearl ashes, furs, hides, rice, lumber, &c. but the two latter articles were afterwards placed among the non enumer ated commodities. Towards the year 1730 it appears, that the r.ulmmtn Wan 4o attmnpt nome rude manufac tures of linen and woollen cloths, him, pa per, hats. &c. for their own use ; but the Bri. tisli merchants and manufacturers began to com plain t and in consequence of their represen tations, the house of commons, in irflf, direc ted the board of trade and plantations t? make report 44 with respect to laws, manufactures set up, or trade carried ou by the coloniei. detri mental to the trade, navigation or manufacture* of Great Britain." As their report corf ains, the best account that i? to br found, of tie condi tion of American manufactures at that period, we shall take some of its stat?jment<.~ It first complains, that in " Massachusetts bav, an act was made to encourage the manufacture of paper." "In New Kngland" addi the rei port, ? New-York, Connecticut, Uhoje-lsland, 1 ennsylvania, and in the county of Somerset in in Maryland, they have fallen into lie manu facture of woollen cloth, and linen clcth for the use of their own families only." " *n,, likewise eas lv raised, tiie inhabitants manufacture them into coarse aort of cloth, bags, traces, arid halter* lor their horses, which they found did more service than those they had from any part of Kurcpe." " It were to bo wished, that some expedient miuht tie fallen upon to direct their thoughts from un dertakings of this nature." &c. h %as stated that in New-Hampshire, " there were no set tled manufactures, and that their trade princi pally consisted in lumber and fish." In Massa chusetts they only worked up their " wool and llax for their own use, and did not export any That the greatest part of the woollen and linen clothing worn iu the province was impoited front Great Hritain, and sootefiiiie* from Ira. land." ?* That there were also a few list ma kers in the maritime towns, and that the great er part of the leather u?ed iu that country, was manufactured among themselves. That there had been, for many years, some iron works in thai province, which had afforded the people iron for some of their necessary onasious > but that they were not able to supply the twentieth part of what was neccssary for the use of the country." " They had no manufactures in New-York that deserve mentioning. Their trade consis ted chiefly in furs, whalebone, oil, pitdi, tar and provisions. No manufactures in New-Jer eey.* "The chief trade of Pennsylvania lay in provisions and lumber i no manufactures be ing established." ?? I*y further advices ftom N. Hampshire, the woolen manufacture appears to have decreased." The manufacture of flax in to linens, some roarse, some fine, daily increas ed, by the treat resort of people from I,eland, ? ?n ^at business." * fy '?<? accounts from Massachusetts Bay, the assembly voted a bounty of thirty shillings fur every piece of duck, or canvass, made in the province. Home other manufactures are carried on Iherej such as brown IloUand, for women ? wear, which lessens the importation of calicoes, and some other fcaat.India floods."? r It ***?!? ^rcc J?ars ago, they Massachusetts) make to the value of 000*. sterling yearly." 44 lit New-England the.v havo I mx furnaces ami nineteen foi-ges, fin* making iron, one slitting mill, and a mnnufacturt! for | nails. That many shins are built for the French and Spaniards, in return fur ruin, molasses, wines & silk*. wkich they truck thero by conni vance." In Pennsylvania " wore built many bi igantincs ami small sloops, which tlicy sell to the West-Indies." It was further observed that 44 the trades and manufactures set up, pre judicial* &c. were to the uorthivartl of Virginia." Macpherson in his *4 Annals of Commerce," Vol. III. says of thu colonists, I atn now to write of a people whoso frugality, industry ami temperancu, and the happiness of whose lawn ami institutions promise "them lung life, with a wonderful increase of riches ami powor j and although no men ought to envy that wisdom and virtco in others, uhfh they either can or will not practise, &.C.?yet ot? old England suffers di minution from the growth of these colonies," &(.,?ha ni'occ?d? to whew how tiitfir prosperity I ouglit to be restrained. His acciAirits of their productions nnd condition are hi mi I in ? to those given in the report aliove referred to. In IT3.V an act was passed, !a ?'ing a duty of nine pence sterling on every gallon of ruoi, nnd' *lx pence on every gallon of molasses, imported into the northern colonies, and it wait called 44 an act for the better securing and encouraging the trudc of his majesty's sugar colonies." It vas much complained of, and wa* afterwards i?*du. ced to six pence on rum, and three pence on mo lasses. Another net was pa?sed (:1 Geo. 1 prohibiting the trade in American ports, making it even unlawful to ha\e them ?? louden upon any horse, cart, or (/her carriage, to the intent, or'purpose to be exported." &?\ My the sume art, no person in the colonics could make hats unless he hud served an nppicntkc.ship of sewn years } nor could he employ more than two ap prentices at any one time. In an act was passed prohibiting, under severe penalties the erection of am slitting mill, plating forge, or furnace tor making steel. Hv the aume ait, pig iron was ad-nhle.I. duly free, into England, and hat iron, duty free, into the wort of London. Iloun'io* had Wen given fbv 3 a>;d 4 Ann c. lt'^ upon the importation of lur, pitch, ronin, turpentine, ma^ts, yard* and bow sprits from the colonies ; and nubf.equently up on indigo, hemp, llu\, timber, raw silk, and staves: and the London society, 44 for the en couragement of urts, manufactures and com merce," offered premiums, in 1 r33, upon the production and culture of certain articles in the colonics. Again in 17t>2, gave premiums on the importation of cochineal, sturgeon, raw nj"'., acuinmony, opium, pursimau gum, silk grass, Hatt-petre, pot mid pearl ashes { and on the cul ture of log wood, olive trees, vines for raisins, vines for wines, cinnamon, aloes, hemp silk ami sasttaparilla. Lord Sheffield gives the trnde between (it-eat | llritain and these colonies, that aie now the I'ni I ted states, as follows : Import* Exports t?> IIh' I'lilniiiCi \vi'n((f Fmrn i. ?? </? /. ? </. ir<K?irw *65,78.1 o >o .? 4 1; 101? irj<? 392,05 i 17 u ;<?5,.m.? f> 111, 17-SMo 17.10 578,.m0 17 4 47I..1I2 12 l?'l 17.1.) in 1740 670,128 1?? (M 1 ,;rt II 1. 1740 ?o 708,91.1 6 6J 812.617 1.1 r.t 1750 to 176) 892,691 til 1,577,419 14 J.J 1760 to 1770 1,041,591 17 <? 1,76.1,4u9 10 3 1770 to 1730 74.1,5(50 10 10 1,111,206 1 5 Import* from the I'trited Stale-* to Kngland, and export* from KtigUiid to the United States. i'rtir- Import* F.SiXirlt In tl.o )<?..!? 17H4 J. 749,345 Li,l>79M'7 1THS 89.5,594 'J,.108,02.1 1786 841.119 1,60;l,4f?3 I7?7 W 1,657 2,009,111 17 ><8 1,02.1,789 1, *86.142 1789 . 1,040,198 2,525,298 1790 . 1.191,(171 .1.431,778 i'nrt r.xniit* lm|H>rtH. i7 M ss o.i2i,o6'? 8:;,.ii.i,i?i 17?X? 17.141,11.1 .11,9*28,685 1797 6,6.17,421 27.101,067 1708 11,978,870 17,410,770 1799 10,950,428 29,1.1.1,319 1?00 19,084,60'! .12,877,059 18'?1 10,1.11,121 .10,510,219 Total 1 niiiorts paving ad valorem duties: to vt .tr I HOI % 5'. .'>69,254 In year 1W7 R 57,820,51 J 1802 17,5*16 051 l'V?8 21,316,9.11 1101 .16,842,865 }8<?9 28,549,588 l?o4 41,481,161 1810 52,476,125 1805 49,148,064 1811 21,871,951 1806 54,8J2,89rt 1812 24,729,282 Export* to Great Britain and Ireland, in IHO-2, 1803 and 1804, were at thu following annual Average : I) >inc^tic produce, ft 1.1,410,000 Fore gu mrrcliunilite 2,26o,000 ft I 5,69.>,000 Awi igo import ?, tor tlir *;iine >e.'ir?, ft 27.400,000 I Exports to (treat Britain anil Ireland i I t I m! 1 If'irt Foreign ^ ^ ' IVunc??.r Produce 0 u T ?ifi 9 18<t> 11,912,6*1 ft M7 ?.6r>0 ft 31.556,150 1806 12,7.17,911 2,155.582 .15,779,245 Jh/7 21,1-22,1 ?'l 2,027,650 .I8,9ill,81.i 18 iS .1.09.1.978 106,327 18.818,882 ?H<9 5,326,194 2)9.406 17.617,512 I! 10 11,188.4.18 892/4.15 29,123,603 1811 1.1,184,551 554,757 25,.138^44 1H12 . 4,662,296 .17,187 7.66.1,179 181.1 11,298,281 ? A# ne irly nil the HritWh fjond* pay ml valorem du tiei, tft'n lint uliewi dio import* I'rom tire-.it Hritain with toleraldc ticcurnty. Value of export* from the United State* each year, from 1790to 1H14, beginning with Hcpt. 30. Yean. 1791 B 19,019,041 Fear* 1801 ft 55,800,031 1792 20,753,098 1804 77.699,074 US M !5?? ??M^! IfM 47,989,472 i8or 1796 67,064,097 . 1808 23,4.W.960 irvr 56,850,206 18U9 52,203,281 1798 61,527,097 i8io 66,7 57,970 179? 78,565,332 1811 61,.116,833 1800 70,971,780 1813 .18,527,316 1801 94,115,935 181.) 37,8.>5,9971 1803 73.481,100 1814 6,927,441 Value of domestic producc tsxjH?ct?<l from the United Htates, from 1H03 to 1814, to Septem ber 30. Vtinmi B 42.W5.96l Ycnn.. 1809 ft31,405,7o2 1804 41,467,477 - 1HJ0 43,. 166,675 18 >5 42,187,002 1811 4 .,394,04 J 189<> 41,25.1, T37 1812 3V>32.1</9 1807 48.C99.A92 1H11 25,UOH,t52! lH?iB 9,433,546 1811 6,78?i,272| 'i'lte exports of domestic crowth and nianu fac\u re are distinguished an follows.: l*i, The produce of the mm. 2d, produce of the forest. k 3d, The produce of agriculture. 1 4Ui, Tl?e produce of niaimracuiics Tin* value of the produce of (lie sea is not as ct uvifted until that of 1803, when the account of fish is 461,870 quintal* of dried fifth, To,831 bids, of pickled fisn? 11,5(10 krgs of do. all val ued at ft 2,G35,<>0<). In 179D, thete were ex ported 373,237 quintain ofdiied lish, and 57,-124 inbls. ol pickled fish, ami the quantity increased ?' raduahy until 1803, from vhich time it wan as uIIowh : I c.x > 3 gy * I 4- -3 Ti i * I XT ?*! h I* - ? Vejri. t ? 5 0 R I o i. z c & c r -> ?, "?? A -> j ??*>?.!.* poli.s. noi.it. i?,r.M. ; I H<1\ _M.??,000 4,850,000 32,995,000 1,155,000 i urn 3,120,00'} 4,630,000 30,800,000 2,100,000 1 1835 2,184,000 5,261,?J00 31,562,000 2,300,000 i mx; .:,U6,qo>) 4,8^1,00') 30,13.1,000 2,707,000 1 IK?7 3,1)4,000 5.476,000 37.8.', >.000 3.120,"00 lfmrt a J, 00') l..>99,000 6,?.|<?,ooo .',44,000 is.r; 1.710,000 4.581,00(1 23,234,OoO 1.506,000 ' 1H10 1,4*1,000 4.978,000 3..,50?,00t> 1,917,000 1K11 1,411,000 5,287.0(A) 33,556,000 2,:76.?fciO I IH12 9.tj,000 3.701,0(K) 24,355,000 1,353,OiW 1813 .lA,000 #1,107,000 23,119.0V) 390.000 1 1814 IW.000 570,000 5,613,000 246.000 j Thus, it appears, that in the years 1805, 180fi ?ami IH07, betort trade became emharassed, the j value of exportdof domestic produce and man ufacture was 8 114,590,532, being anaverage of 11.8)3, 57 a y^ar, and of exports of foreign produce and manufacture S> 173,105,813 or 57, 701,937 a year. Mr. Burke in hh speech on American attaint, in 17T4, has the fillowiog observation* : 44 As to the wealth which the colonist* have drawn from the sen, by Iheir fisheries, you had all that matter fully opened at your bar! You sure ly thought these ac quisitions of value, fur they seemed lo excite your envy j and yet the spirit, by which that entcrprrnug employment ha* l>e?T? exercised, ought rather, in my opinion, to liarn raised c.*tecm .and admiration. And sir, \t hat in the world is equal to it?? by the other parts, six! look at the manner in which the New-r'ugland people, of >ate,ca ried on the whale fishery. AVhile we follow them among the tumbling mountains of ice, hr hold them penetrating into I lie deepest frozen rcce**esof Hudson's ami I)a\is* straits j while we are looking for tliem beneath the arctic cir cle, we hear that they have pierced into the apposite region of polar cold ; that they are at (he antipodes, and engaged under the frozen serpent of the south. Vaulkland Inland, which seemed too remote anil romantic an object for the gra*n of national ambition, is but a stage and resting place for tlieir victorious industry. Nor is the eqninoxial heat more di?cnuragiiig to (hem than the accumulated winters of both pedes. We know, that while some of them draw the line or strike the harpoon on the coast of Africa, others run the longitude and pursue their gigantic game aloug (lie coast of itra/il. No seu, but is vexed by their fisheries; no cli mate (hat is not witness to their toils?Neither the perseverance of Holland,nor the activity of France, nor the dexterous and firm sagacity of Knglish enterprise, over carried their most "perilous industry to the extent that it has been pursued by this recent people?a people who are still in tlm gristle mid not hardened into manhood.M \?rav, ra?> 1 l.'uitnl Slalr# Revenue &c. Kr<?m 4tli Mnrrli, 1781), lliri',|iiN Kspcnlil't. to tlie .51 ?t of life. 17?>1 4,118,01.; I.7IR.1J9 1792 .1,66|,<).;2 1,766,077 179-1 4.614.421 1.707.14H 17!> I .1.126. 1 )j .t.V>U?148 I/9S ?.V4, vj-l 4 ..110,596 17<>6 7.1.7,423 2?111.9.10 1/97 ?. ;< j,r;.i,a9? 17'JS 7.8.N.J7.1 4,62.1,2 >3 17!^ 7,47.1,7/3 6,489,166 1KUO 10.777.7W 7,4II,W9 1H01 ! 2.84(1,,1.10 4,981,669 13,668,'23.1 3.7J7.079 180.1 ll.Ort4.W7 4,092.824 lHO| M,H?6..J07 4,4.12,8.18 in ij,.160,69.1 r?,.wr,?.H |H>6 11.1.19,911 6,080,2U9 | h <7 16, ?9H.<U9 4,981,172 IH'iS 17,0(?'t,i..il 6.504,3)8 18>9 7.77?.473 7,414.673 1810 :HJ.J14 .1,311,082 1811 14,423,329 3.W},fa 4 To the 30tli September, 1812 6.927,/iKi 11,760.292 HJ1A.786.78I 108,192/221 are omitted Irtit taken m tliv num? total. KcccipW from tlw euatom*, ft 199,.124,1.11 Internal revenue, 6,460,00.1 D rfct tax, A ? I.7J7JM0 Toit^ce, 667,348 8-itt of puMic land ', C. 161,1aI Miicellamrnn, 1,216,773 821.1,786,70J Of the extent of manufactures, in the colo nic*, we can inako no estimate ; nor would it tic important, if it were practicable t but it would bo desirable m a curiosity. It was not then considered a busings worth tlio trouble, to pass through the cottage* of the poor?to count their tv?b? ?od their itocking^to nark <to humble, yet great efforts, which were sileutly, but se curely, working the independence of a future mighty nation. It in not necestary to repeat the title of the will known difficulties with which they had to struggle; nor of the aston ishing ingenuity and perseverance which thelv ntct'Ksilicih culled for'5. | and which has since become our Hist national characteristic?a spir it that alter removing the miseries of penury from the huts, which rash adventure had scat tered aloug the savages' forests?aspired to min ister to the infinitely more numerous wants of luxury Miid pride ; nor stopt there?hut march* ed dark and dangerous, into the fields of battle, and slept out ?ipon the grout deep, sweeping with ten thousand hand*, tho strangling cojn morce uf the foe from every sea. Before our revolutionary disputes commen ced, the people had begun to feel that they were compelled to render themselves ]c*a dependent up.ni Hritain, uud companion were formed (for thr encouragement of domestic art* ami w*n? fac lures. Ill VbiladelpMa a board was establinh ed for the distention of premiums to those who should produio certain quantities of silk ca coons ; and several persons began to cultivate the Italian or white mulberry tree, liesides, thev opened a regular market, and a settled, liberal price was ofiered for the silk in cacoons. The revolutioiary troubles that followed, ami other can*;*, occasioned the plan to fall into neglect, aw?i since that hardly an; progress lias been made in that curious and useful branch of manufactures. It is certainly not to the disad vantage of this country that silk is becoming supplanted by cotton. Jlut the great object has, all along, been tho raising of wool. The first business of the Penn sylvania assembly, in the session of 1774, woh the passing of resolutions to prevent butcher* from killing of sheep ; recommending frugality and attention to domestic manufactures ; uud announcing their determination, as individuals, to have no dealings with those, who, in conse quence of the scarcity, (which amh-ared ap proaching) should raise the prices of their goods, l'he congress then sitting <lid also strongly re uvmmenu those objects to the colonies " among other resolves for the preservation of Ameri. can liberties," as it was stated. Meetings of private persons likewise took place, and meas ures were entered into for effecting the same purposes. On the 20th of January, 1775, a 44 convention" met at Philadelphia, to consider the state of manufactures and trade, having been elected from the city and different comities of Pennsylvania for that object. Thur first proceeding in that business was, a resolve to use their endeavors to procure a law prohibiting the importation of slaves. Tltc making of salt petre was then considered of the greatest im-[ jkortance, though since, there has been noatteno tion paid to it, on account of the immense/ quantities found crude in the caves of KeutucJ ky and elsewhere. It was then thought advisa ble to establish a manufactory of tin-plate, but it seems nut to have been practicable under bet ter circumstances. In Pennsylvania there was then no manufactory of wool combs or wool cards, though it is staged that " some had l>eeu made in some of the neighboring provinces."?* No good steel had been made in America, and very little of any kind. Printing types wore manufactured at one small foundcry in Ger-/ mantnw ii, near Philadelphia, and it was recom-/. mended to the printers to use no imported types/ Many other resolution* were entered into of / the sumc time, and such was the public spirj f that prevailed then, that all their plans of ecoif ?/ omy and precaution were voluntarily and ge nerally auoptcd, almost to the utmost practica ble point. In the city of Philadelphia alone, the num* her of sheep used in 1773, was 20,300 less than had been used the preceding year j which wit said to he altogether owing to those patriotic re solutions. ? At Savannah, Georgia, there was an 14 As*l sociation entered into by the deputies of thel provincial congress," 4* to encour.igo frugality* economy and industry, and to promote ngricul^ ture, the art anil manufacture of America, et pccially that of wool | and to dtacountenancua and discourage every species of extfavagnncfj and dissipation, especially hor*e racing and all kinds of gaming," &c. and measures were tata en for that purpose. The frugality of till people of these states in early times, is hardlj credible at this day f and it is for this reason that we said, that notwithstanding the wonder ful progress of arts and manufactures among US. it is not nllitn rurfsin ?!.?* ' ' more w ... ?? ?MPMMiHviuiri among it is not quite certain that we are becoming e independent of other countries, for wu have become incomparable more luxurious. In If74, it was recommended among the iKMiple of Philadelphia, to set up the fashion of wearing 44 leather doublets !" How would such a pro* position sound now ? 1 suppose inost people recollect the Pennsylvania law made to prevent the members of the legislature from attending the sessions barefooted, and sitting on the porclt of the state house local their dinners of journey ? cake ami jerk.* When Spain ?a< making war upon the united (>rovinc?? of (lie Netherlands, she sent an rid* Msiador t<> see when it might bo prudent to make peace. That envoy was first (leprous of ob taining u view of tlm legislative council?-th? " states general** an they were called. His host" plat-cd hiin nt a window, and informed hir that at a certain hour the states would be seer to in a body through the street. The Hmid passed?the envoy saw nothing unusual, snd er quired the reason". Hid you not, said the i keeper, at such a time, see a crowd of m f pass by with knapsacks on their backs ? Yes > well, OnratVera tli'o states general. tVKat! ? Jcj-k U Uje (fivAn t? dri?d