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COLUMBIA, (g. c.) TUE8l?A*i 8KITKMBER 84, l?16. (No. 4?,]
WHMMII.D WkKKLT
BY THOMAS W. LORRA1N.
VVnm if &uh9<riptf*n.~*'V\\T*G Dollar* per annum, pay
:<bVo in advance....No paper ?o be discontinued, Imt at
(he option ol'tlio Editor, until all arrearage* are paid.
.'?htrtltem^nit not exceeding fourteen line*, inserted
'ho flrat time Tor neventyAve eents, and forty cent* for
'tach anlwoqwot insertion. Latin* to the Editor mutt
be postpaid, or the pottage will he charged toUie writer.
tBWBWBgggg--i-i
BIOGRAPHY.
*??WiiiCAL 8KBTCMI OF LIEOT. BIIUDNICK.
^ gentua, and (lie Hni.it of republicanism,
ia closely allied wlth.a disposition to do honor
to merit without regard to the circumatance of
2?ff* Jn hereditary governments, hereditary
distinctions are often sufficie.M to claim the no
ticed the biographer) and on tlte death of a
prtnce,however insignificant the part ho acted
wMlo living, however destitute his character
may hiive been of every claim to the notice of
bit contemporaries or the remenibranco of pos
terity, it is still considered a respect due to his
rank, to give a sketch of his life, and if jfcrc
was nothing in it to merit the attention ofWn
kind, to ?upply tho deficiency, by dwelling on
the exploifa of his remote ancestors. The dia
V???*0 cownjjworato tho existence of men |
f.T'1? it*lr characters, havo little
Maim to the notice of the world, merely on the
ecoreof accidental circumstances of mnk, arid
station, Is generallycombined with an indiffer
ence to the claims of real worth \ and hence it
??ep h*ppeni, that the comtnaftdcre of armies
?M fleets, whatever may be their merit, receive
credit Of success, while tho secondary
'?J* to tho chance of the good report
of the elder* for their reward, There is neither
jasUee nor policy In this) for justice requires
that honor should be paid where honor is due ;
and policy, that every stimulative should bo gi
2?*?? tho human powers, iu overy si
tntitioii where they are to be excited honorably
and advantageously. The person who ostensi
bly directs anv affair whatever, is sufficiently
aware that if honor results from its successful
iMue, tlte principal share will full to his lot, un
lets he Is notoriously deficient in the perform
?PS? ?V ?"? ^rt' "e* therefore, wants no ad
ditionaf motive to exertion. Hut it is other
stations less conspicuous, who
are often entirely ovcrlookud, and bometiincs
Stripped of their due, to embellish the fame of
etoera. Tins neglect or injustice deprives incn
t J?* 7. the best and most honorable motives,
rtJ!d*r voluntat-y, and not (he
Wf effect of subordiiation. most ordi
trorc or.,e8S ?pen to tho recep-1
non of thie feeling j and however it may be the
- ^Mn other'countries to debase tho human
even below the brutes, by calling them
W2T#J!L^i!u ,lave haJ amPle
iuslasm in ? vour
were impelled to activity by aconviction
jMrindividUal exertions, would gain them
vidual distinction. Men, from the mere
^ofcQercivo i iscipnne. may bo brought to
ii well with their hands, but they will never
lea match for those who fight fart and hand.
Few of the celebrated conquerors of ancient
ft modern times, and esnecially those who
MlJjld themselves from n piWate station to the
command of armies, and the rule of empire*, o
verloofced this certain method of animating and
attaching the hearts of their follower*. A coni
pliateiit peid in the preaenco of the armv j un
onwucnfod shield^ a musket of honort or sonic i
other trifling badge, to distinguish a man from
119 comrades, was sufficient to excite the keen
tit emulation, nnd to animato every man with
tifrimbition almost equivalent to that of tho
tWtf himself, whoso prizo was perhaps an em
E\. SoldierH who merely fight for pay nnd
fcder, arc degraded to tho lowest state <if
(kind | for nothing but the hope of distincti
ve, or the love of country, can render the trade
m War more honorable than that of the assas
?!?, who murders at a stated price.
jpth our opinions and feelings arc therefore
tp favor of administering all the aid in our pow
?r to the reputation of deserving men, and es
fttially those who havo passed the best years
tf their existence in serving their country in a
-^-Tlsion, which every day might coll lor the
lire of their lives. *! his duty can always
Brformcd, without rendering the subjects
*u*aby exaggeiating their merits, or cheap.
e|t rewards by rendering them too com
Wfri' ^staining from inflated ea'.ogy or
teperlativ* praise i by preserving a due cousin
Jtaor between the language and the subject j?
?nd eatefully avoiding that profusion of orna
jNfc Which renders tho finest figure ridiculous,
and decent memorinl may ho raised
Wi? be dear to tho hearts of friend*,
t exciting the ridicule of tho indifferent,
'Itltifi the btrangfr from stopping to a?k
te memory the simple structure is consc
"With theso remarks which are intend
? reely to certain gentlemen who think
"itled merit ha* no claim to tlio notice of
Y*, we will proceed with tho little
JljjC moj?t material incidents iri the
ill officer, whose death would always
n 4 Nibject of regret, even though it
~"" n?d under such melancholy cii ?
iflAn Sni'hHieK was born on the
japtcinber, IT8H, at the seat of his
fl Thomas Hhubrick* in Hou^h ,Ca-1
wna educated partly at Vacuus |
ooIb In Charleston i was some time
then umirr the direction of tho
Ir. Woodbridge, from whence ho:
privAte semiuary at Dedham, in the
M&ftttthu?*tt*) wh?r# he remained
nearly throo yearn. On hit return to South
rolino, he was placed at the offic* of Wi|H*m
Drayton, esquiro, a distinguished scholar and
lawyer, since a colonel initio United States ar
my, aa a student at law. ? Dlscouragcd by look
ing forward through thq[long Interval that must
elapso before bo could p&sibly commence the
practice of the law, and perhaps inspired by
those suggestions which so often indicate to the
youthfufmind the path most likely to lead to
distinction, he determined to relinquish his le
gal studies. .v'<,
Accordingly, after very mature deliberation,
he applied to his father, who coinciding with
his wishes, mado application in 1806, to the so*
cretary of the navy, who promptly forwarded
warrants for John, as well as his brother, Wil
liam Hranford Hhubrick, now a lieutenant in
the service t and who had also solicited per-1
mission of his fuilier to enter the Navy. Thiej
prompt attention of government to the wishes,
of colonel Shubrick, was duo to his revolution*',
nry services. He hatL^lMW in active artd dis
tinguished officer durihfjpthe great struggle in
which this country burst her chains, after ?wep?>
ing Wood for seven long soars, ntul wal limo
those .to whom congpns vftted their th4nlin?
medaL expressive of their high approbation.?
Tlie claims of such men we hope will always be
attended to when tliojr are offered ; for if there
bo atty persons now living in this country, pe
culiarly entitled to -our gratitude, it is those
who stood by her in her most sovero and san
guinary struggle, norl#ddown tholr arms, or
remitted their QXertionnUl' they saw she had
weatliered the storm. sons of colonel flbu
brick did not degerierato; for* during tho
war, all of them, to the number of six, wertb
arms, and they were all brave.
The sulj)cct of this sketch, though' .||j|Mioit
orable career was so early, and so unfortunate
ly closed, perhaps saw more service, and w|fi
in n greater number of engagements, than' any
other officer of his age in the service. He ear
ly received a losson of tho nocessity of always
being prepared for action, lit the affair of toe
Chesapeake, which sunk deep into tho hearts of
our naval officers, and which, however dishonor
able to the national character, gave a lesson of
inftnito value, and roused a snirit which in the
late wnr was fatal to England. Ho was in the
Constitution in the action with the Gucrricre,
and on her returning to port for repairs, joined
the Hornet, and was present-in the affair with
the Peacock, lie was selected by capt. Law
rence to take possession of the Peacock, but she
sunk before it could be done. ,
When the Hornet joined the President and
Macedonian, he served as first lieutenant of the
Hornet, under captain Diddle. From thsnce
hn passed Intd the President as second lieute
nant. In the action which took, place between
tho Presideut and a British squadron, lieutenant
fthubrick is spoken of in comntodoro Decatur'#
official letter, as having behaved with distin
guished gallantry. The pcaco with England,
which occurred shortly after, offered him an op
portunity to return to the bosom of home, and
to enjoy the society of the lady whom be had
recently married in New-York. But the war
which was almost immediately afterwards de
clared against the regency of Algiers, again
called him into ncHon under his old commander,
Decatur, as first lieutenant of the tiuerrfore, the
flag Khip of the squadron. In this ship he WAS
present in all those affairs which led to the sub
mission of Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli, and the
consequent revival of peace. On the consum
mation of these events, lieutenant Shuhrick
was despatched to the United States in the E
pervier sloop of war, to bear the tidings that
tho barbarian was humbled, and the captives set
free. Hut the ill-fated vessel never reached
her destination, livery body recollerfs the ter
rible storms which about the period of her ex
pected arrival, swept our coast from south to
north, and destroyed mitny a good vcstcl. In
one of these, in all human probability, tho Eper?
tor foundered, and every soul perished. W?
anuot contemplate this doleful calamity, with
out sensations nf !!'.? most melancholy cast.?
We every day nee ample proofs of the inevita
ble destiny of man j ami every day hear of
numbers tuning down to the tomb in tlie common
court"? nf nature. Hut there is a character of
deep and awful grandour, as well as of affect
ing pathos, in tho bitter uncertainty which en
velops ihc f:ite of so many human beings. We
know that they arc dead, and that is all we
know.
Pence to to* ir wane*?ami may tho recol
lection ol Mr. Mui'uick merit remain as s con
solation to his surviving family. Among his
associate* he stood an example of steadiness
attention to ?k'y. and conrago in battle ; and
by his country lie i.< honored in hi* memory by
having his name associated with those, who ser
ved her well, when her rights were at stake.?
At this period, ?hen tho violence of kindred
sorrow has subsided into a calm and sacred feel
ing of resignation, such considerations may be
urged withou violating the sanctity of a broken
heart on i!ie one hand, or opening wounds al
ready closed,on the other.-?jfaiultct.
Al l PASIJA
Iti? taid f'lat dispute* hive arisen with Tur*
(kcv re*pcctiii?j our po*?psslnn of the irven
Island*, which are cnvi'tcd by the warlike I'nsha
of Albania, whose inueasinj* power ami
wealth give him great influence with the Otto
man government. The following brief account
of Oih ambitious chief may be acceptable toot.r
readers j
AH wan horn at TejieHene, a small town in
the interior of Albania. Hm father held the
rank of a Path* of two tails, but was not po*
*e*?ed of any extensive powe* } and ho die I
wheh Ali wm only Ofteen. In a district so
turbqlent, and filled with hostile and warlike
leaders, the young chief was necessarily placed
in a very critical jituatjon. lfo is himseMT ac
customed to boast, that he began his fortune,
with sixty paras and a musket? and an Albani.
*-v who attended a late enlightened traveller,
ir. Hobhouse) declared, tliat he remembered
wve seen All with his Jacket out at the el
>ws. Ali was ere long driven from Tepelleoe,
P'ace, and was abandoned by almost
every follower. A plah. .Was nest formed for
Action, bj the inhabitants of Gardiki, a
nghbouring town, atm for this purpose they
ponded, in the nlghtttyie, a village where
he had taken refuge. HaMT escaped through a
gaitlcn i but his mother and sister fell into the
hands of the Gafdikiotei, and were treated
every species of indignity j wrongs fi?r
which he afterwards took a dreadful vengeance.
Hii address o$d activity enabled him gradually
to repair his fortunes. He insinuated himself
into the favotir of Coul Pasha, then the priori*
~>al chief of Albania, whoso daughter ne at
sngtli married, leaving thus been ablo to col*
upon the Forte to recognize him as Pa*haI
of that important district. From this time Kc
took the lead among the Albanian chiefs, em
ploying sometimes force, sometimes money,
and sometimes treachery, to increase his autho
rity* and add to the extent of Ms dominions.
The must formidable adversaries with whom Ali
had to contend, were the Sulfates $ a people
placed ih the southern extremity of Albapii.
inhabit an almQst inaccessible range of
1m, beneath wjoso gloomy shade winds
r which Dr. Holland conjectures, on very
He grounds, to ho tho Acheron of the an
ll?? t!?o strength of their native bulwarks,
. ielf passion for war and contempt of death.
inAdo them tho terror of Albania, which tlusy
frequently invaded i while no foreign power
had ever ventured to scale the tremendous bar
riers by which they were guarded. Ali at
longth succeeded, partly by force, and partly
by bribery, in gaining the passes which led into
their country; and the whole nation after a
furious resistance, was reduced to subjection,
and partly extirpated. Id 1811 and 1812 Ali
attacked and defeated the Pashas of Harat and
Del vino, by which means he gained possession
of some of the finest parts ot Albania, and a
population of between two and 300,000 souls.
IVpellene, his native place, now fell into his
hand*; and now also it was that he obtained
tho means of indicting signal ven^en ce on Gar
diki. With his accustomcd duplicity, he pre
tended a complete oblivion ot all grounds of re
sentment, until he had surrounded and eu
chred the city with his troops} when upwards
of 700 ot those inhabitants who were supposed
to havo been most deeply involved in tne an
cient guilt, were dragged into a large khan near
the city, and bound together with cords. On a
signal given by Ali, the Albanian soldiery,
who wen) stationed on the walls of tho khan,
began a discharge of musketry, which continu
ed until the destruction of tho whole seven hun
dred was completed. It seems impossible to
define, with nerfcct precision, either the extent
of Ali's dominions, or the degree of authority
which he posses?es. Kven within Albania, the
Pachalic of Scutari remains still independent.
?tract over which ho bears sway is bounded
on the north by an irregular line, extending
from Pnra^Q to the Oulpfi of Salonika, it com
prehend* tn| mountainous district of Macedo
nia, nearly tho whole of Thcssalcy. and a great
part of Lavida. On the eastern side, he is kept
in check by Ismael Bey, who possesses an au
thority as independettt over tne plains of Ma
cedonia. In Albania his power is almost abso
lute | and while little regard is paid to tho Im
perial firman, a letter With the signature of Ali
commands implicit obedience* The Albanians
arc enthusiastically attached tommy they view
him as a native sovereign) they admire the
energy of his character, ami when tlioy hear of
any other chief, commonly remark, thit&V ho
has not a head like Ali." In tho relations be
tween Ali and the court of Constantinople
mutual fear has hitherto preserved an OUttjvai$f
good understanding. The progress of this eri*
ternriidng chief has been long viewed with
jealousy and alarm { but the Porto was never in
a condition to hazard driving him into open re
bellion. It has been found prudent, therefore*
to invest him, by its firman, with the govern
ment of those provinces which the sword had
already placed in ^possession. Ali, on the
other hand, pays no outward deference to the
Porte, and remits to it some^Nirtion of the reve
nue which he collect*. He has also uniformly
supported that power with nearly his whole
force against tho foreign enemies with which it
had to contend.?llonton Dally Advertiser.
AGRICULTURE,
CMLTtm OK WOAI>.
Having seen in your paper aii extract from
the Aurora, giving nti account of the uses ami
cultivation of the Wontl Plant (or hnii* Ti/ic
turu) nit a substitute for Indigo anil believing
that whatever may he fouml a useful substi
tute for any foreign article, imported into thin
country, employed in our domestic or family
manufactures, t?-mU not only to render us in*
dependent of foreign nations, but with some
uttantion may become sources of wealth to
our industrious fiymcn and citizens. 1 have
annexed herewith ?oine further account of
this valuable plant, which 1 should be glad if
you will publish for the benefit of my brother
'farmers ; tint doubting that If generally known
with whater? thi? i# r^tied and pre
wired for uses that every lady u
rnbit of making cotton, -llhcn, and woollen
cloths, fpr private use, would instead of run*
ningtothe shops/or. Im/igo, procure a small
quantity of the Woad mm and cultivate in
her {garden a Very amall a pot, being sufficient
to raise seed enough to aow two or three acres.
This plant may be sown any time previous
to the first of August, either in the broad cast
way, or in the, same manner as carrots and
parsnips are generally sown, and its leaves nro
lit for use the sammer following. It is bien
nis!, the lower' leaves are of an oblong oval
figure, thick, ending In obtuse roundish points
of a lucid green* The stalks rise about four feet
high, dividing Into several branches, termin
ated by smalftjhriltfw flowers. Tlie time fur
gathering tho crop is about the end of June,
or whenever the leaves are fully grown, while
they are perfectly sreem If the land bo pood
ana the crop well husbanded, it will produco
three or four gatherings, but the two first are
thebest, and will {produce three or four times
as much colouring matter as tho third ?nd fourth
crop, v
are carried di
S^mT,^T.3rUn?in, On,
edge refteinbl ling the oil or bark mills, where
they are mashed into a smooth paste; if this
process U deferred, they would putrify. Tho
paste is then laid in heaps, pressed close and
smooth, and tho blackish crust which forms
on the outsido, reunited if it happens to crack ;
after lying for fifteen days, the heaps arc
opened, the crust rubbed and mixed with tho
inside; it is then formed into balls whiph aru
iressed close and solid; these are dried upon
uirdles, they turn black on the outside if in
the sun, if in a close place yellowish, if tho
weather is rainy, the first is to be preferred.
The good balls aro distinguished by their
being weighty, of an agreeable smell, and when
rubbed of a violet color within.?Woad not
only aflbrds a lasting and substantial blue,
which may bo reduced into many different
shapes, but is of great use in dying and fixing
many other colours.
in the small way the leaves may be pounded
in a trough or wooden mortar, laid smooth in
heaps as auove directed, and after laying soinn
days, the outside crust rolled with the inside
and mado into small balls about the si/.e of a
coffee cup, in any convenient vessel which will
bear pressing strongly to mould them in: and
if the ball9 happen to crack before they aro
thoroughly dry, they may be rubbed together,
moulded over again, and dried mi boards in tho
9un. Woad ana Indigo are frequently used in
conjunction, which makes a very great saving
to the dyers. Ind dying blue with these sub
stances it is usual to mix 4001b. Woad, 30lb.
Weld, 20lb. Madder, 8 or 91b. Lime, ami from
10 to 301b. Indigo, and a quantity of bran,
which are put at different times in a woidcn
vat and digested with a strong heat for several
hours, after which the substances to be dyed
are immersed in the mixture.
Bilk, woollen, linen and cotton are alike dyed
with these ingredient*, but with some variation
of the proportions. A solution of Woad and
Indigo in sulphuric acid form? what i? called
the Saxon blue. Dyeing yarn in the small
way, Woad may be used in tlx
Indigo| or.ikproportion of the ingredients be
fore mentioned may bo added; but the best
9>lour will be produced by using each in thu
proportion of one odftce Indigo to twelve oun
ces Woad ; the latter gives solidity and sub
stance to the colour, tho former brightness.
Tho Woad was once the great staple of
Languedock, is now cultivated generally in
France. Spain, Portugal, Germany, Switzer
land, Sweden and in many parts of England,
and in tho small way'in America. Tho pro
duco of an acre of ground from Woad may bo
estimated to be worth from one to two hundred
dollars.
That tho farmers and dyers may make trial
of the Woad, induces tin* communication.?
liruntwick Times.
imsii pot,\ tors.
Extract of a letter from tho Hew Samuel Au
stin, of Worcester, to the Kditor of the Medi
cal and Agricultural Register; tinted Worces
ter, Massachusetts, Feb. 24, 180G.?" There
is onp upeciot of husbandry, not in general prac
ticc, in which I liavo inaile somo experiments
with very considerable success; that is to nub.
stitute a crop of potatoes in the room of a Bum
mer fallow [summer tilling ; or letting land re?t
from one crop without being seeded] a* a pre
Kration for wheat. Wheat id doubtless tho
st and most profitable crain tliut can be rain,
ed. No species of vegetable adds ho much or
nament to a country, and none afford* a nnro
essential or grateful part of that aliment by
which human nature is preserved. The pota
tatoe is also a valuable root. For tho horso it
is an excellont and healthful substitute fur the
green grass which lie crops in his summer pas
ture, and seems nearly indispensable to be u
nited with his dry winter fotlder, to preserve
him from tho^e diseases to which he !h so expos
ed in tho cold season. Kvery intelligent far
mer knows its value for feeding hi* swine, his
sheep and his cattle i and no crop is more sure
or more easily raised ? none is s?? plentiful.?.
Warm, loamy land, nr,?l such is the greatest
part of this Commonwealth, uell manured, will
yield three hundred bushels to the acre. They
may bo taken o(V, if planted 1n season, by the
middle of September, and the ground will bo
in thebestsituation to p it in immediately a crop
of wheat. This is altogether bettor than sum*
mer fallowing, and the crop of potatoes is a
clear saving. 1 have in this way, had ?1 bush*
e|?ftf moi* "valient ???in'T v heat on the ac^p.