University of South Carolina Libraries
L XLLil^li-1 . ! 1?L L 1JLIH.-L _ . .1 LL11 L.L _? LL . JBIBUI ?... _ ? J... . l/l I ? COLUMBIA, (8. C.) TUESDAY, AUGUST 27, 1h1(!. [\u. sg.1 * ..l'l . ? ? " ? . rCBMAKKft WrtKLT ? BY TIIOMAB W. LOUIU1X. (Vrmt Suf>ecrif>ti*n ?Three Dollars per simtnm, |>ay? p rtltlc iti mlvanc?....No paper to Imj ili*coniinK,<l, but at : the option of the Ktlilor. until nit arrc.iraffCH aie paitl. Aihtfiitemenlt not cx?*oeiliiiK fourteen lines, imertcil tlvc fir/it time for ?evcnty*fiw cenu, ami forty ccnU lor each aul??e<pici?t Insertion, isttm to the f>Titorinu?i l>opo?tpaM,nr the postage will LechnrRrd totlievrritcr. mff^^seKftasss^sss^s^ssr^ssi!}. j.?. jg Geography Statistics. Sketch of the country bordering on the Alabama, awl included in the treaty made between (Jen. Jackson and the Creek' Indians. Ihj Judge Toil Imin. Alabama, a river in North-America, so called froin a tribe of Indians who formerly resided adjacent to it. It takes its rise in tliu Cherokee Nation, near tho boundary lino between tlio States of Georgia and Tennessee, and far from the 35th degree of north latitudo, and proceed ing in a southwestwardly direction* umtos with thoTombighy. nine miles above the .list de gree of north latitudo, and forms with it the ri vor Mobilo. Tho junction of the two rivers is about 4.5 miles from the head of Mobile Hay, and the river is navigable thus far, and indeed several miles further, for any vessel which can come up the bay. In tho upper part of the bay, you cannot count upon more tlian 11 feet of wa ter at ordinary tides ; but when you get into 1he river, you have generally four or live fa thomH to the forks. From the junction to Fort Claiborne, the dis tance is about sixty miles, anil the river is navi gable thus far* ftt jta lowest time' for any vessel which will notdrWjMr^thimigta 'feet of wa ter. The di^t^BoiflHfi||AUNb thc mouth of tlic Pahawha, oihtM^HPsidc of 0e Alaba ma, is estimated nt'mWMp hundredand fifty miles, and the river afforarto this place four or five feet depth of water. From the mouth of the Cahawba to the forks of the Goose end Tal? lapoose, it is said to bo one bundled and sixty miles, though some do not estimate.the distance so great, and the navigation is still goodexeept at two ripples, in wide* however thereisa plen ty of water,and they pass over them with polefc. In thisuartof the river it isthree* reetdeepin the shallowest places. .Tho river here loses its name. The eastern branch being called the Tallapoosc, which, ex cept near the mouth, runs through the territory still belonging to the Creeks* whilst the western branch of the Alabama is called the Coose^ 'the Tallepoose is beatable to tho great falls, SO or 40 mites above the fork. About 4tytt miles by water (though not three 111 a straight , line) above the junction of the Cqoso and Tafia From thence to the falls of Coiise the dis tance is seven or eight milesj and here the na vigation of the Cooso may, in the present state ofthinM, be considered as tertofaetiog. There is a continuation of rocky shoals *to Iwt/"Wil liams* a distance ef fifty miles > a circumstance the more to be regretted as the navigation is not; materially .obstructed above, and can tie pursued up the Ooose to one Of its head streams, wiled lite ("ounesaugah, which is about 4G feet wide, and front the beatable part of which to the boat able part of tho Ainoy, it is but eight or ten miles over a firm, level country. The Amoy is about CO feet wide, and is a branch of the Iti wasse, whieh discharges itself into the Tennes see. about eighty miles below Knoxville. The distance from Fort Williams to Fort Htrother, at the Ten -Islands, where the Chorokeo line strikes the Cooso river, is nearly sixty inile* by laud, but considerably morn by water. From thence to fhe portage, the highest point of navi gation on-th^ C.'onnesaugah, it is probably ICO or 1.10 miles by land. Ah to the irroat fnlln Instwoen Port William* nuil Fort Jackt?ot>, ifcisthc. opinion of Home that tliey iniolit be rewloittd'navigable, with no very great difficulty. There in water enough ? but the rocky ?h(*nl* are very numerous. lloat* in* deed loaded w ith provision* for the troop, did descend tho fiver,and past* them during the late Creek war ; but the hv/.ard wa* very considcr ablo, and somo of tltom were destroyed. Ah to the time it lakes to navicnt* the \1aha ma, it may be Mated, that to iro from Mobile to Fort Jprkson.a distance of about four hundred and twenty mdes, it will take from a month to six weeks, according to the Mate of the river.' A barge with Ave hand* and carrying one bun died and twenty-five barrel*, ha* gone from Mobile to PortJack*on in thirty day* j but it was reckoned a remarkable good trip. The bu? nine** however i* new, and experience will pro bably lead to expedition. The Coose, under tho name* of ConncHangah, Kstcnaury, High tour, &c. run* pro! ?Mv about one hundred and fifty mile*, (estimating tin* di< tance by* I and) through the Cherokee territory, in the north-wostorn corner of the Stnto of tieorgia. It then proceed* through the middle of what till lately wa* the Creek countrv in the Missis sippi territory of the United fotAte* ; and did not enter the'country occupied by white people, (ill within about twenty mile* of it* junction with the Tombigby. llut by the treaty which terminated thn war with th'e Creek Indian* in Augu?t, 1814, the Coos* river wa* made the boundary line between thn land* of tho Creek* and the lands of the United State* from the Ten Island* on the C'oose river, to Wetumkc, or the great Palls near Port Jackion. From Wetumke, the line runs aeroM east wardly about eighteen miles, then southwardly1 across the Tallapooso to the mouth of Ofuskec,! and up tho Ofuskce ten mites, fthd thonco 8. 49,| 10, E. 09 gdlo* to the mouth of Sfnmuchfchobn.l on the Chattachouchee, forty-six mitcH above the 31st degree of north latitude, or the boun* darv lino between tho Mississippi territory aftd West Florida, and from tho tnouth of Sumuchi choba,due east through the State of Georgia to (he Altamaha, two miles east of Gooso creek. The whole of the Creek country, went and south of the Altamaha, and the lino above men tioned, was ceded to tho United 8tnte* by the treaty with General Jackson. That part of tho cession which falls within the Mississippi tej^l litory, amounts probably to About seventeen* i thousand squaro miles, or about as much as ttyr four states of Rhode-Itland, Connecticut, Now* iuui iiawoui miuuuMiiaiuuvuiiut^uviii) aiu Jersey 'and Delaware. The land however U or f . . no idrt is very indifferent ???i ... t. not generally valuable , a Urge proportion is poor pine land. Tliat which borders on Flo There is enough good land however in the ceded territory to support a very respectable topulation } and there arc already (June, 1810) rom six to scvon thousand souls'settled in tin* county of Monroe, which includes die whole of tho territory relinquished br tho Creek Indian*, except that which lies within the limits of Ull state of Georgia. There aro valuable Mow grounds, or swamp lands, as they are called, on the Alabama, from its junction with the Tombigby, cove red neat* the river with gigantic caucs} but falling offafj terwards into lower land*, less susceptible ot cultivation, called cypress swamp. High cane brake land in this lower country, could no doubfl be profitably cultivated for the Sugar Ca^c but it is scarcely settled ?t all even up to the oltl Indian line, near Tensaw, twenty milea above the fork of Tombigby ami Alabama i for therci are but lew private claims on thorivor# and (he. public lands have never been yet olTerod for sale. When you get beyond the old line, the country( is well settled near the river and the settlement continues twenty miles above Port Claiborne * but the best bodies of land do not come in till above Fort Claiborne, vast present themselves to the on of tho traveller,and fine blue, grind* also found in indtottVv'Coal is likewiio fpund on iwba^tT<)i^bM>y and Black warrior. t:mftfijr famiU?i art now settled on the . ??) pt of t ced Ison^? enC.apiain mentioned ill tho maps,) through a beautiful, lo vol valley of rich upland, and thatfroht TurlceJ town to Kinipiton on the Tennessee, It is aboot one hundred and fifty miles marc. This roil to therefore is probably tho nearest and most eligible that can be found from Orleans to Washington City, and will hereafter have tho advantage of teing through a country more generally settled than any which can possibly be found. Of (ho one hundred ai)d twenty-five miles explored by General Oaindsj tho first six ty miles from Ht. Stephens, principally on the high ground between the Tombigby and Alaba ma, it is tolerable good pine, oak and hickory land, being that description of land which i* considered as fuvorable to the production of cotton. There arc then about forty miles of thtf richest sort of upland, covered with poplar, linn, black walnut and oak, together with lofty cane brakes. It lies generally near the heads of the waters of tho Tombigby anil ('ahawlia, but is badly watered. Tho remainder of the one hundred and twenty-five miles consists of hilly and in some places stony lands, intersected by rich vales. Kast of tho Alabama, it is generally a pine country, except on tho water courses. Not but that there are at the samo time considerable bo - dies of rich limestone prairies and other fertile and well timbered upland, the vicinity of which to navigable waters, must in a few vcitrs render it extremely valuable. It has already been mentioned, that it is ge nerally a country of poor pine woods between tho new Indian lino (which runs from the Tnlln poose to tho Chattunouchce) and the Spanish line of demarcation. It ought, however, to be remarked, that there is good land bordering on the Couecab, and its different branches, which uniting with the Escamhia, falls into tho bay of l'ensacote, and also on tho river called Yellow Water, and on Chautnhalche or Pea river, which empties iUcff Into Ht. Hose's hay. These wa ter courses afford not only good low ground*, but Moderate bodies of prelty good up land, particularly near the Indian line i and it is to no observed, that although the maps represent them otherwise, they all extend and branch out far up in the country. Tho Alabama country forms :i part of the ills trictof Washington, in the Mississippi territo ry, which now comprehends, it is believed, nlmut tnirty-thrco thousand square miles (excluding Indian lands) and is divided into eight counties, nn<*of whirb. however. f"i?ti?n?i ft* much land as four of the Northern States. One Judge on ly exercises the judicial functions in the whole of this immense country, beside* performing the duties of a federal judge in all coses in which the United Stated arc concerned. The only port of entry is the town of Mobile, but the greatest share of tho mercantile business ap pears at preHent to be concentrated at the in fant t ,vn of St. Stephens, about BO miles above Mobile. The Governor, Secretary and public officers, generally reside rtear Mississippi, about 300 miles west of the Alabaihn, and the Legislative body also holds its annual sessions near the western limits of the territory. GRNKItAL VIRW OF HPAMSII AMl'lllCA. [Fyi >n an Exposition of the. t'omrfierce. of Spa ? ui*h Jlmcrica, with tome observation* on it* importance to the United State*. Hy Don ?Manuel Torre*, Jhpyty from the States of *\\w Granada.J .Spanish America, enjoying a diversity of cli .nmte, anil various degree* of tempeifcnre, from the mo?t intense heat to icoj comprehending a surface of 3,300 miles in length and 3,000 miles in breadth, between 38 degrees north and 3-1 south, affords all the different productions of other continent*, including those of Asia; as tea, spicex, puma, pearl*, nml precious stone*; I- yields, in the vegetable ami mineral king Mms, many productions which are peculiar to It continent. nen wo consiucr, on ine one Blue, tuo ei of iU iiilmbitatnntA to shake oft* (ho yoke of Bpartith government; the extraordinary ?ess of their revolution j and, on the other, %reat interest which all nations have to par ""directly of the rich commerce of that part e now world, we cannot doubt of the coin tc emancipation of that extensive anil fruit t country, nor of the establishment of a new, powerful, and independent empire, probably tinder the form of a representative and central {[overnmcrttj which, uniting ^fid disposiitj* nf ts great resources, according to circumstances, may by a wise, policy, prevent or stifle intestine divisions, and cffct'tnally maintain its indepen dence i a government, at the same time, suita bly- And prudently calculated for the decree of knowledge, habits, and manners of its inhabi tants, will procure haiipinc?<< to nineteen mil lions of people already civilized, and prepare thib samftradvantage.for a vast number of abori gines, who arb yet in their primitive state of independence. ' Such nn event cannot fail 1<> influence t)ie I commerce, policy, and eveh the power of other nation^ toUiA extent, at' th'i? time, not easy to jtidculateiKbut to the United StateR of North Atriertc'fc, the particular circumstances, contigu ity, antl resources of the southern section of this continent, must be, nl>ove all, interesting. It becomes, then, highly important for the merchant* as well as the statesman, to be mi nutely acquainted with the different govern ments and department)) of commercial admiiiit> tration, into which Spanish America in divided ; their natural and artificial production* i those which are annually exported to foreign coun tries* and faeiryaluo; tho ports in which trade i! carritid on)' the (our different daMCRor de nomination! into whleh'these portn are divided; the particular JewjMMi regulation* of their cus tom houses? the amount of duties paid on the importation of goods, and the method of calcu lating them) wet]r, <Uffcrent kinds of coins, weights, and measures; the proportion which tlioy hear to o*$h Other, and their exact relation! witli tlmso of the United States* and, lastly, the mode of trading there trf the greatest advan tage. ?. ?? ?#) The work now offered to the publio, contain* the most complete ono correct information upon these important point?. It Is founded, partly on the most authentic and' faithftil documents} partly on the observation of the author"iinsqlf, made during a long residence in that countffi in several situations the beet Calculated to ac fjuiro information; 8t moreover, it it the result of long and assiduous labor, ami of Witie experi ence in public and private business. Tim Spanish American continent is divided into four viccroyalties, namely j New 8p4in, New (Iranada, Peru, and Rio de la Plata panTf into four captain-generalships, viz. Yucatan, tlu.ituinala, Venezuela, and Uhile. The cast* eru and western Florida! are dependent on the captain-goueraUhip of the island of Cuba. Its islands in the Atlantic arc,Cuba, the Spa nidi part of St. Domingo, Porto Itico, Margari ta, and St. Andrew*: in the Pacific Ocean, Thi loe and tho island of Juan Pernaridez, which .ire dependencies of the kingdom of ("bile. Tho annual exportation of the product of its mines, agriculture, and industry, that of the islands included, exceeds one hundred millions of dol lars} three-fifths of which consist of five end a half millions of mark* of Hilvrr, and of one hundred and fourteen thousand mark* of gold. Providence, with a bountiful hand, has lie stowed its choicest gifts on that hanpy land. In tersected in all directions by the loftiest moun tains, ond watered by tho finest rivers of the universe, the fertility of its soil is beyond com parison. v From (his singularity, and its situation wK tween Asia, Kurope, and the United Stair-*, .1% well as from the number of its excellent harbors opening on tlie Pacific ami Atlantic oceans, that country seems to have been destined by <hrt Au thor of Nature, to becoiny the common centre of the commerce of the whole world. Its provinces, situated between the t-n-ridand temperato zones, and blessed with a vafM|MI climates and temperatures, vegetation in there perpetu.il. The vine, and the different species of nr.rn. vjeld two, three, and son.c four crops a year : they bow ant! reap in the same field and orchard* oiler the fine contrast of flower* and f-uils in all tlieir different states of growth and perfection. In these fortunate regions in turc i? never idle. That country produces trees of an cnormou ?. si/.e, of arc*., durability, and excellent forth construction of ships; some of them being in ? corruptible underwater: others afford tii-iUc ?o exquisitely fine as to rival in beauty, briiliat cy, hardness, and variety of colors, the hand somcst marbles; and some which, po'se?^in;.' different medicinal virtues, may be equally um-?1 for dyeing, as for works in the useful art . It prOiluces ulso delicious balms, gums, resin.*, bi lumens, and a vast number of prolific vines. 1 useful in the arts: and lastly, all the produr tionsof the Antilles arc cultivated in its provin ces. and at a third less expense and trouble, anil with the only difference of being there of a su pcrior uuality. We find in it also different species of vegeta ble wool, which may be employed as matciiab in many branches of manufactures: innumera ble at omatic and medicinal plants ; some juicy and nourishing, others atpiatic, containing salts and alkalis, useful in the arts, medicine, &c. ike.; grosses of species unknown to Kurope, and a vurii'ty of roots, and of delicious and wholesome fruits. Spanish America is rich in valuable mines of gold, silver, platioa, quicksilver, copper, iron, lead, y.inc and antimony; ami it possesses also, on the banks of its navigable rivers, abumlan stores of bitumen, coal, ami other fossil sub stances. It to not less distinguished in tin? animal kingdom, either by the vast numbers of its quad ? rupeds, of which some are useful for agriculture and transportation. aflbiding, at the same tim<-, delicate flesh and valuable hides, nml others fur wool and furs exquisite!) tine : or by the nun. her of its birds, ami the elegance ami vuiictv ?.! their plumage. Its lakes and coasts swu; in \\ itU ainphiluous animals, which add to the numb":' of fine furs, and contribute, together with tl,? whales and other sea monsters, to augment tin variety of a productive branch of commerce. In those happy climates too, (he Author of Nature has been equallv generous towards man's moral and physical organisation. Tie American possesses intellectual capacity, ami is capable of planning and* executing great un dertakings. lie is an observer of nature, and an ingenious imitator. Mr. Jcflcrson has justly remarked) that " naturally eloquent, sublime ideas, precision, and accurato similitudes are familiar ti? l?in?, oven in his state of ?? Unsuitable, generous, humane, mild, patient, fund ot peace, possessing, in short, every natu ral aptitude to virtue, according to the venera ble I'alafox, bishop of Pucbla, he is calculated for civil life, for toe arts and sciences, and may bccome very useful to society in general, by serving the cause of mankind. He wants but t good eddfeatiou; and, if it be true that the gov ernment give* character to tho man, what hope* are wo not to entertain of so fine ami amiablo a being! Under a government of his own choice the South American will imitate his brother ot tho north : like him, ho will love his country us lie loves his family, opinion he will prefer to wealth, the public welfare will bo his own, and justice, labor, ond order will become as dear to tho one qa it U already to the other. 'lite different product* and articles of export ation, the departments where, they aro raised anil gathered, the port# where they aro shipped, an estimate of tho civilized population of Span ish Aiuorioa^avti exhibited ill the statistical PI I'KIK'B STATIfrrfCAI. WOTtK Assort time since, wem.bliKhcil a general yie?y of Mr; 1'itkih's Statistical work. Wo hiivo received tho'following from the correspon dent, which is more particular, nnd which we cheerfully publish,being desirous of doing every tiling irl oiir power for tne benefit of so valuable. iSpf;--' ' VJPitkins* Statistical view of the commerce of the United States, is divided into ten chapters; and tho following is summary of their contents: Chapter I, contains a brief account of tin* policy of tho Kurnpean nations, towards their American colonies and particularly the policy putsucd by (treat Britain, with her >lurth Amer ican colonies?a short account of tho trade aatl manufactures, exports nnd impofts, population and lonnago of tho colonies, prior to their Inde prudence. Chapter 3. A view of the situation of the Uni ted States, from 1783 to 1789, eml-arrassed state of tiieir commerce, amount of puliic debt incur rod (luringthft revolutionary war, amount of their trade with Great Ilritain duriu* that pet mil. Chapters 3 ami 4, contain a view of the export -. of domctic i.rodure, Iron. 178D to 181-1, being thoce demed, l?t, from the sea, '2d, from th'? forest, Id, from agii< ulluie, 4th from manu fat lures; an account of tho cod fisheries, from irtj.) to IT7.'), aiul I7flt> to IfW),and froi.. I ''JO to |!>ll ; alio, of iho whole fishery, fron. I WO to 1811 j the quantity and value of the pfotlucc of the foiestiHoch as.lmnbei, naval stoic#, pot and pearls ashen, fc.c. at different pot iods i a particular account of the t/iuuitity tar I r?f>?Vof \fhfe*L flour, com, beef. p.nk, butter, tohacpo, Cotton, fl:jx MftyK indigo, &o? ftc. ex ported ill each year, from 1781) to 18M, and and tV.e countries to which the sfime ver? ex ported, front l'/ww to 1 fi 11 j villi a comparative view of the vntui* of the product i of the sea, of the forest, of agriculture and man if-iolnies ?? r ported Ironi I' ?).? f?? 1-1