The telescope. (Columbia, S.C.) 1815-1818, August 13, 1816, Image 2
r ' Hie king never
mm Quinze," be
c*r lust hi* head ?
v walk upoll the
>aoo1con, fur that
j tatal spot. 'Hie
?ke<l at a Parisi
.4 ti if beholding the
^volution. If at tlu*
. of the imperial court,
other side. Her jealou
the children of thoso that
.ier < and from thin jealous)
.c of the Orleans brancfi of (he
.us by no meuns exempt. The
this prince, tinctured with the kind
facility generally acquired by a variety
iiie and ex|>eriencc, the education ho had
ivcd in the arms as it were of tlio republic,
e fate of his father w hich conferred upon him
lie fraternity of a common crime; all those con
. iderutinns endeared him to the French, and
drew upon him the *it*pirion and the hatred of I
the court, which arose at la.-1 to a height so inde
cent and ridiculouN. that the court confessor, in
his sermon at St Dennis, over the interment of
the roval bones, took the opportunity of what
'ih called in our vernacular, preaching at the
duke of Orleans, who was twico or tiirice temp
ted-to rise und Icaxe the church. The court at
the l'alnis royal became too well attended. I
hear that it was shut by a proposal coming from
his majesty." 1. p. 174.
AG It IC U i/r U R V L.
rHOM Till. xoiipm.k itnoui.
In those parts oftireat Hritain where agricul
ture has attained the greatest height of improve
ment, it is universally allowed, that nothing has
contributed more to that desirablo object, than
the introduction of the " drill" method of litis-1
bandry, particularly in green crops, which are;
generally manured, such a? potatoes, turnips,
rape, beans, beet or mangle wurscl, to which
inay be added, maize ; tins advantages derived
from //lis, in preference to the previous broad
cast methods, are many and obvious to every at
tentive observer. The three following comprise
the principal, though not thcoN/7 superior wiic
ft s arising from it, viz : a reduction of at least
one half the expense ill cultivation or labor : the
lund kept completely clean ami in fine tilth, and
more weightv and perfect produce. The follow
ing description of cultivating potatoes in some
ot the most improved corn tillage counties in
(treat Jiritain, may serve partly to elucidate the
above, and first it may not be amiss to observe
'hat potatoes have long been acknowledged to
be one of the most beneficial crops grown bv the
modern farmer ; their value, when considered
is food for either mun or beast, not being dimi
nished by a comparison with any other crop,
and when asserted to be a real improver of the
toil, they must stand high in the estimation of c
very good farmer.
The land intended for this crop (generally
grain stubble) is ploughed once or twice (ac
cording to the state of it) in the beginning of the
winter, to expose it to the frosts; then cross-1
in Mprrlt. ami tluu.'lylU "??
formed froii) thirty to thirty-six inchcs asunder;
the manure is carted out, and spread in the bot
toms of the drills, at the rate of fortv single
horse cart loads to an English acre. The seed
(good middle sized sound potatoes, cut three
weeks before planting into sets, leave one eye to
each) intended for the general crop, is put in the,
ground about the end of April or beginning of!
May ; this is done by six or eight young girls,
or children, whosprcud the sets ten inches a
tiuuder, on the bottoms of the drills, where the
manure, is already under them ; the ploughman
then follows, reversing the drills, which covers
the potatoes and manure 4 to 5 inchcs deep.?
One plough and five or six little girts will pluut
three acres in a day with ease. Three or four
weeks after this, the field is once harrowed a
ross the direction of the drill*, in order to
freshen the surface and smother such weed* as
have already made their appearance. After the
plants are two or three inches high, so as the
drills can bo easily distinguished, a man, with a
single horse hoe-plough {all the previous work
ts done with the common single mould board
plough and two horses) goes steadily between
the drills, which cuts up by the roots every weed,
and throw s a little mould up to the tender plants.
This ploughing bet ween the drills or furrows
(beside* converting the weeds into manure) cau
ses the soil to attract more moisture ami uoiirUh
mcnt from the atmosphere than it otherwise
vould do, if left ill a stiff untitled state ; the
good effects of thin will soon he perceived in the
rapid increase and expansion ot the plants. In
about two months after planting, they will re
quire earthing or landing tin; this is done by- the
>amc single horse plougli (only taking on the
hoes, and substituting two uiouhMmards ill their
stead, which does not reouire ten minutes of
time) the ploughman carefully throwing up the
mould to the plants onench side of him, without
covering any of them ;?this has a similar effect
#0 the former, occasioning the stalks to increase
much in strength and vigor, while tho roots arc
also swelling apace, thf* landing up, is repeated
ihrce or four times, or until the stalks meet to
fher from one drill to another, and tho hoeing
us often as may apneur necessary to destroy the
weeds, which besides being advantageous to the
potatoes, is highly beneficial to the succeeding
< rops of corn. W lien they aro ripo (or the stalks
Miorotighly decayed,) the same double mould
board plough, with two horses or bullocks, en
ters the centre of the drill fengthways,aml splits
it open (similar to tho action of 0|>cning a book)
which lays most of the potatoes on the Nurlact?.-?
rim plough Is followed by two or three men with
pronged forks, and children with baskets, in or*
der to get the crop clean out 01 the ground 1 the
field is then harrowed once or twice with an
iron pinned harrow, eight feet wide by four feet
deep, drawn by two horses.
ify the alxive method, tho harvest crops arc
raised in Orcut Hritain and Ireland at compara
tively small expend* a* therein very little man*
ual labor required. After (lie manure is i arted
out and tho seed covered, a man or bdy, "with a
single horse, will manage 21) English acres with*
out any manner of assistance.
Tuhnu's, another valuable crop for feeding
are cultivated with equal facility in drills j in
deed this crop establishes inost strongly the su
periority of tne drill over the broad cast method.
Alter the drills are formed (as for potatoes) and
the manure spread, they are reversed, which
covers the manure, then a light wooden roller
is drawn by one horse over tho drills lengthways,
in order to flatten their tops ; to this roller is
fastened a small machine, (guided by a man)
culled a hand barrow j the coulter of tfiis (inside
of which is a funnel or tul>o to let down the
heed) forms a small channel or run on the ton of
the drill, the need lulling into this, is coverc by
tho roller going a second timo over the field.?
Ah soon as tho ntants are three inches high, they
thinned out by the hand, leaving one of the best
every ten or twelve inches, according to tho spe
cies of turnips. No other labor is required, save
hoeing them two or threo times with the single
horso plough, and throwing up or taking tlio
earth from them occasionally. I have practiced
the abovo methods with the'fullest success, not
only in Great llritnin and Ireland, but also in
Portugal, on that extensive tract of level land,
10 leagues N. K. of Lisbon, where the soil and
climate is similar to tliut in this vicinity. The
adoption of the abovo mentioned, or * similar
system of funning, instead of the methods gene
rally pursued in This part of the state, would
make a most material difl'ercuce in the farmer's
income, as well as in the supply t*r the public
markets with the ?ofafo?*,mdk,buuor and meat.
And surely, us along, as those markets retain
any thing near their present prices, the cultiva
tor of the soil need not want a strong stimulus
to exertion und improved culture, a kaumkii.
MBTIIOD OF l)B8TUOYIN<? TIIB OANKKIt WOltM.
Mow sweeet elder, an it is culled, or the com
mon Killer, and place the suine nil uliout the
branches of the trees infested with them, and
tlioy will immediately leave the trees.
In tlio year 1771, according to my minute*
now before me, these devouring worms appear
cd fur the first time, as it waa then suid, in Had*
Icy, Massachusetts, ami in Tested, more especi
ally, tho Apple trees, that bore sweet apples.
An orchard of my father's, consisting altogether
of sweet apple trees, about two acres, well set
with trees that bore sufficient applies for two
barrels of cider each, appeared to be attacked
by them ) and as the leaves of the trees had the
upncarance of being burnt, similar to-what my
father had seen near Boston, lie was satisfied
they were the canker worm, and expected Ins
orchard would bo entirely destroyed, a?he then
observed.
1 immediately recollected that between the
years 1703, I had read an Account in one of the
Loudon Magazines, which I then constantly
took, of a certain part of Europe being infested
with au insect that destroyed, in their progress,
every green thins, excepting only Elder ; and
the year after, Elder was made use of on their
Ileitis of grain, which were saved thereby ; and
OmaK Anlilu mmiI *?>(, ?f flvltlo uf grain that were
not bushed with Elder ware destroyed as be ?
fore.
I informed my father of it, and that I had i*.
doubt of its efficacy ; and as lie had Elder plen
ty near, requested him to make the experiment,
lie set his boys and men at mowing Klder and
[fathering it until they had filled the branches of
die applo !* - t,-, ' - ' -l - ?
the applo tree*with it, which had the desired ef
fect to our astonishment and joy!
Previous to its being put on, we struck re
peatedly ov the limbs, and they would spin
down on their webs, like a mist or shower of rain,
and then run up. This was done to a large mini
her of those tree* with the same ellect, as the qr? |
chard appeared universally infected with them ;
and the next morning alter the Elder was put on
there was no appearance oT them by striking on
(he limbs, and they never appeared after. The
leaves of the trees recovered their verdure, and
the trees bore us plentifully as in uny oilier year
beTore.
From the success of that experiment I have
been led rvftr since to water tin: plants in my
garden with a strong solution of Eldor, when
thev were infested with devouring Dugs, &x.
and it has always proved effectual. My method
has been mi washing days to order a large tub
that holds six or eight pails lull, filled with El
der stalks and leaves cut at the bottom j and af
ter the clothes aro taken out of the boiling to
pour tho water on the elder, and fill the tub
with water ; and when cold, water the plants.
I have sometimes discoloured (he plants by put
ting it on too strong i but tlicy liuvo soon reco
vered, and no bug* fly or insect has ever injured
them, after even nut once watering with thut in
fusion, when thoy have been destroyed at a great
rate liefore. And I have no doubt of its proving
destructive to all kinds of flies, bugs, and de
vouring insects whatsoever.?A*. //. Ceiilinel.
Cement tn protect roof* from the. weather.?
M. l'ierrc-Aimo Lair, secretary of the Society
of Agriculture and Commerce of Caen, in Nor
inauily, (France) has given extensive publicity
to the following receipt for a terra#se mastic to
cover roofs, Kc. which had liecn published in the
Elementary ('hymistry of Mr. Thenard, and
actual experiment has demonstrated that it pos
sesses all the advantages to be wished for. It
it employed with the greatest succcss in cover
ing terraces, coating cisterns for water, laying
ofinasonry so as to be impervious to water, c.
It is so Itard that it will scratch iron. This ter
raw mantic is formed of ninety-three parts of
brick or clay well burnt, and seven parts of li
tharrfgo and linseed oil?nothing so simple as its
preparation or its use. The brick and litharagc
are to bo finely powdered and mixed together,
adding to them is .iiucli linseed oil as will bring
them to the consistence of mortar (gache.) It
is then used like tnortar, the part to be covered
being previously wetted with a sponge. This
precaution is indispensable, or the oil would be
unbilled by it, and the cement not acquire the
accessary hatdncM. When laid upon a largo!
surface, it will sometimes crack, and tho cracks
arc to be filled with more of tho composition.?!
Itronnfresll^
RELIGIOUS.
TO Tim EDITOR or TtIR TRLKWori:.
Sir?I scud you an exposition of tho nature
of tlio Holy Trinity, which, if you think it will
aid the cuuno of Christianity, you will please
publish in your useful paper. A. 1).
TUB HOLY TRINITY.
The scriptures declare, that tho Lord Jesus
Christ, who is called the Son of Man, is the true
Oml i and though he is called by several titles,
as, Father, Son, and Spirit, yet is God but one
personal glory in the form of Man. As the soul,
Iradv and spirit of man ure united and knit to
gether, malting ono essence, or individual sub*
stance, distinct in itself; so aro Father, Son,
and Spirit, as truly joined together j and this
the scripture and all true proline ts do positively
affirm. For may it not as well be mini, that man
doth consist of three persons, because Paul
[>raycd the sou/, body and spirit might be. kepi
>lamclc*s ? How can God. who is iti one him
self, be divided into three Persons ?
If the Creator was one eternal Iteing, distinct
from all other beings, is it not necessary that lie
should so continue in his own divine centre r
Infinity hath power to change its glory into
flesh, but not to create other ltcities out of him*
self; because that would bo aguinst his glory.
And the most wise creator can make nothing
against his glorv, but for his glory only. For
if he should make out a/Mumse'lf other two Gods,
as Son and Holy Ghost, and they being both dis*
tioct from him, they would on necessity require
sovereignty; for God can bo no Got! withoutj
sovereignty. Where would his rumor.ativk
be r 'lucre can be but one prerogative, for if
there be tkhkk, the kingdom is divided, and
cannot stand, Mark iii. '24.
Hut this kingdom of one God w ill stand ; be
cause there is but onk soi.k Kino, and lie hptli
said, he will not give his glory to .another i yet
all glory was given unto Christ, because he was
the sole God: men and angels, principalities
and powers, yea, all things in heaven and earth
did, and forever shall bow, to him, and to no
other. If by the titles Father, flan, and Holy
Ghost, wcro not meant one individual, substan
tial, personal God ; but that instead thereof we
were to understand a Son and Holy Ghont dis*
tinct frnm the Father; then what kind of God
would the Father lie ? For if he hath invested
the Son with all power in heavcrt above, and in
the earth beneath, and hath made the Holy
Ghost co-operator with the Sou. in order to the
sanctiflcatiou and government of the church, the
Son being made head of it, and of all things
else; I say, what kind of God do you make of
the Father ? J)o you make any (soil of him at
all ? Do )'JU make him usele**, soring he hath
nothing to do, nothing to govern Surely you
think that one of your Gods grew weary" with
governing, as I'lmraoh, king ol Kgvpt. did, who
made Joseph sole governor of bis k ingdom, and
In* himself did notliing : or else you think that
he is old and wilting to be at rent, and there
lore, having made a Son out of himself, and an
Holy Ghost, that he hath begot out of his Son
and himsell, doth therefore dispose of tin* gov
ernment to them wholly and absolutely.
If there be a Son ami Holy Ghost distinct
from a Father, they can be no more than crea
tures, because they receive their being ami per
fection from the Creator, and not from them
selves. How ran there be any nihility, or es
sential oM.Nts.s, betwixt a spirit without a body
and a spirit with a body ? Can the Son, that is
a corporeal person, and hath a body, be said to
be in the Father, if the Father bath no body,
vliapc, or form ? If the lloly Ghost is a person
proceeding from the Father and tho Son, how
can lie be co-c?pial and co-eternal with the Fa
ther and the Son ? Can that vliich receives its
being from another be c<|ual with that which hath
its being of itself ? Can time be enual to eterni
ty ? If tl te Holy Ghost proceeded from a Fathei
and a Son, then he i.i but a God of time, ami not
a God of eternity ; and such a God may end in
time.
Again, if the Hon wrts from eternity, how
could lie bo begotten f Ami if the Hot if Ghost
wan from rtrniity^ how could he proceed, ami
take his ?n initial from Father ami Hon, if the
tl?w? IYi mhis were each of them eternal, that
is, without all beginning j then they could not
give being one to another. If the Hon was be
gotten by the Father from all eternity, ami lie
got ten ac> a in when he was incarnate of the
Virgin Mary, in a hotly of flesh, then it seems
ihe whh a uoi. hi.k Son, uml tw ick begotten, or
riwicr. made by the Father, ami yet thin Hon
|mu*t be said to be kqu a i, with the Father, tho*
it is nevertheless confessed he wan niatle low
km than the angel*. From hence it is, that those
who hold thin doctrine, worship a nivior.n (iotl,
or tiiukk distinct (lods : mid therefore do
they make tltcir prayerH.in distinct forms, and
pray to one of their (lotls after one manner and
another after another manner > making in reuli
tv three (lotls, as distinct frtnn one another an
tfirce men, John, James and I'eter s but this di
ided (Iotl, or (Iotl with three heads, is a mon
strous God, no where to lie found but in their
own idle dreams, and is not the true (iotl; for
there is no such double begetting nor proceed-,
ing, as (hey imagine, lor though (iod in ill a
sense said to be one in t/irrf, ami three In one,
vet i.s he not in three persons, he is only onk
1.Jod with three title* t we worship n (iod in
onk iter son with tiiiikk titi.ks, Father, Son
and Spirit ( but it i< a sKi.r-UKiio'iikn Hod,
and not a (iotl begotten by another.
Oh, the darkness that lies u|miii some of the
learned! Did they heed the scriptures, they
would nee that the Hon was but onck begotten
or made i and that was God's begetting himself
into a Hon, according as it is written, Hod itk
camk Jlesh t it is not suid, thut (iotl sknt a Hon
to become flesh, that was begot by him before.
Hut the meaning of-tliost worth is no other than
tlint (iotl sent lortli iiimsm.k to bo made of a
woman, to redeem us from the t uric of the law,
according as it ia written, Ilay down my li
mysp.lp. Now where Christ saith, (lint of
self he can do nothing, and tliut ho bears
witness uf himself, ami that ho came no
himself, and the like j that self he sneaks ?
but his human nature, and that makes hin
man j that is as much an to say, not of m
in my mortal, weak nature.
It !? said. that ho oavk him*etf(or us:
not wroim tnen to say tiiat God scut forth
Son but himself? Again it is Haiti, lhavesu
bu mysklf, that unto me every knee shall i
Now who was this that sware so hy hi inn
Paul saith it was Cimisr, and hn swore by /
self, because there was none greater than I
self, llcb. vi. Id. For Christ's nature, w
is divine, is that sp.i.p which can do all tliii
and which is e<|ual with himself now sinc<
incarnation with whut ho wan before) an*
the vr.nt Father, ami hath power to do all thi.
having glorified himself in his new body of 11
which was conceived of the Virgin by his
mighty Power, that could livo and die, and
again, and now he lives forever-morn j being
|K!rsunal Majesty, distinct from heaven*, en
angels, men, and all things for everlasti
Now where was theic a Fatiikii but in ti
Son ? Where was there a Son but in that .
TiiKn ? Onk God and Futher in one Per
alone. The glorious body, wherewith tho
vino Godhead (which id tm? everlasting Fat In
is clothed, is his dearly lieloved Son, in wh<
his Spirit eternally delighted. And this is '
faith of the holy seed, and which was long mii
taught and believed, viz.-?That God wan in
form of a Man, that Christ Jesus wus that Ii
his Godhead is the everlasting Fatiikii,
now glorified Uody tho Son, and his powet
Spirit the Holy Ghost.
Thus then you have what is to be understi
by One in Three, or Three in One ; which is
more thau that these denominations, Fathi
Son, and Spirit, are three titles, according
the different up|>earunccB of the One God*
INTKLLIGBNCB, $c.
FROM MOUTII AMBKICA.
7?iilletin, JVb. 2, of the delivering army of t'enexuela
On the 3d it was scarcoly break of day wl
the squadron net sail fur the port of Juan Or
go on the northern coast of the island of M
garita; we hail not reached the anchoring grou
when a tender front the land came on bourd
commanding si.it>' -(th dispatches for Ids exc
leucy the captain general.
? Soon after arrived his excellency.the gene
in chief John Baptist tie Arismcndi to pay I
hi* compliments an the supreme chief of Vci
y.uela, having been already acknowledged
| that high station by the army and the inhauUai
: of the island. This brave general and hi* o
corn were received by the squadron with alt tl
euthu*iusin which their brilliant proofs of ct
rage, repeatedly displayed in the heroic revo
tion of this island, Justly inspire. The 8pan>< .
division, yet occupied the city of Ascension, I i<
metropolis of the island, where it raised fort'
cations in the streets and heights of ail aliuiv'3
| impregnable nature, holdingliesidus possessi ?,
of thw Castle Huntadtosa, but the* evacua!
tiiein on the night of the 2d with such precipita (
cy as to leave behind their arms, acoutreiner
and provisions, retreated to the port 1'ainuat;.; ;j
Our intrepid w arriors occupied ou the 3d all th> <1
fiosts without firing a gnu. The success that s<
ends the opening of this delivering t:auipai,>.
gives us the strongest hope that the liberty oft- o
whole of Venezuela is rapidly approaching, at 4
our enemy encumbered with the weight of < ?
crime* tliey have perpetrated in our territqi ,
will soon lie destroyed. ^ The aspect of the ti y
of Ascension shews nothing but a place ovact .1e
tetl by a baud of Barbarians. They have D i
left-one stone upon another?the whole city li
been consumed by fire, and we can safely pi
diet that the destructive system adopted uy tl 4
Spaniards will move a war against them mo *
terrible, even than that of our arms. On ti
?1th and 5th days necessary measures were t
ken for our squadron to undertake the blockai .
of Pumpatar, uud with this object it sailed on tl
evening of the (Hh, making its appearunce b
fore that |kji t yesterday morning. The enen
raises fortifications s but our operations w
place him in the alternative of surrendering
perishing. II.Q. of the city of Norte in the i
land of Margarita, May H, 1810.
Jamkh M ahino, Maj. Gen.
IltilL-fiti . W .1, of ilte iletivertntf urmy '/ Venezuela.
On the 2.Hh tilt, the squadron set sail from tl
north point of Margarita, anil on the 31st at
I*. M. anchored in Caropuno opposite the batt<
ry of Santa Itosa where the S|ianish stundai t
was fluttering.
On the morning of the 1st the supreme chi<
of the republic who commands the delivering c>
pedition intimidated to the Spanish command)
to surrender the place, and in cuse of refusal I
would take it by assault. A verbal answer i
(he negative was returned. The column of dii
embarkation under the orders of general Mar
no, general Piar ami colonel Souhlette, begu
itx operations w indwardly on the left, anil alt<
bearing for two hours an irregular tire of litti
effect, the supposed impregmdile heights whit
command the city were occupied. '1 lie battel
Santa Itosa and the Spanish flying artillery kc|
up a constant ac'ioii with our squadron, Oem
ral I'iar attacked the enemy in the rear w ith tl
greatest success, and we took both the place an t
torts without any loss.
Our victory was complete, and the flight < 4
the enemy fcliamt-fid, in spite of all his advantii
ges in positions, artillery and cavalry. Tl -
whole property of the Spaniards fell into oi
possession, as also the brig Initio Hello and tli
schooner Fortunu, which were at uuchor in tli<
bay. Our booty is very considerable.
In consequence of taking Cariipauo, the 8j>ai
inrtls have withdrawn from t'ariaco to'Guirh
and our communications w ith Maturin are o>
pV'ditioiis by latitl and through Oolfo-Ti ieste.
Head Quarters of ('timpano, June 3, I Bit
l<ovr> Dtcyt'?i?Av i?k IIoi.stkiv,
?^d Chief of the Stul