University of South Carolina Libraries
^ ipi, jOTTTBiinfinr rnr .. _ _ ? _ ? - '? ? i ?. . liM':':'1 wmmammmamammtiA m i i n . m i i I BgagaeaasaqgBMWaaamjjt^ -H, ' V , q(lWMDIA, (S. CO TUEBlSrAV. JUNE 1?; 1816. [No. 8#.] i ii ? \ PJJgSMr^W. iorraikV * . ^ "lOftHAPiJv " f>I? .MAJOR JOHN HMD. In tlf political Ipurnala of oqrcountrj, woof* ten seonnnuneed in a short and hnsty manner the erf <?f thb revolutionary hero, the accom plish? statesman, and still more frequently of liii/wno far remote from vice end vanity, hasnwued the even tonorof lilf ways, ainbi tioupnlrof his share of duties decently ful fill^ Nor do we mean to'pass a couture on a custn of publication, which allow* tiino by a paup, for the futonisned affections, to ineditato onwnourn upon tho distressing scene.?But) who the heart has ceased its preternatural pul NltMS) when the mind has become habituated t? Ma94 Meat and the event is beginning to l>o rnroered with the years beyond the flood, what so becoming the pietv of friendship as to [the attention to an object too dear to be Iten'j or what employment more pleasing Ituful people, than to learn, though lute, ticularsofalife which will infallibly con* wrtnjp justice of the applause which the extacy vfioVation lttul involuntarily oxtorted. ;Th?eath of Mr\jor John Iteid lias long since been yiounced in the paper*, and society HUjwUjimrBiiig over the awful chasin with which l)nd been rent asunder* and though the latter of his life, which ho bad spent ho ho norably (ho service of hi? country, needs no pen nor loj^y of ours, yit the public at largo may still^-ive mournful satisfaction from a short un\N|ighed summary of the whole. Major in Ueid. late aiu to General Jackson, was the sokf Major Nathan 'Held, near New London, iMmpboll county, Virginia. This respectablcWtleman is one of the herresofthe revolutionaiwar, and his relations ofhTsyoung encounters. I of the scenes and rharacfcrtLof those times, ed the youthful mind ?f his son with an inex guishablo thirst of virtuoulg^ry. At an early 5 he liad learnt in this way material eve i of that distinguished era, anft his comment pen them displayed at once the Correctness, e force and the elevation of his .mind. Aftcicquirfngfrom teachers in the Qefoltborhooi 10 more elementary parts of edu cation, he wi nit to school at too New-I?ondon , Academy, v re the vivacity of his mind, his attention toi dv, and the frank and manly o penne*- - -J h character, soon gained him the notice and qiectofall parties; and. signalized him as a vou of m premise.. Living very near tojds institution ami intimately no ((?tainted witita successive teachers, students, library and ^narahis. he seemed in a measure dnmiciliatcdipre, and all the indescribable ad vantages wh? such a situation presented, he seized with n avidity peculiarly his own.? Knowledge s?ined hero intuitive to him, and sometimes, l< iJ;before he was called upon to study a brom. jor author in succession, he had in this incom ions, imperceptible manner, not only acquire* intolerable idea, but actually made himself mast- i.of the autyect. Of every advan tage and mot m improvement lie jnstantly a voiled himse J?and while yet reputedly but a novice in its utiet* he had almost become Jhe dean of the l stiiuuon. To this iteiiriolt and this rapid ad ancement in all the routine of a ^collegiate edlection, he was greatly indebted as well to the gimlifesH and amenity of his dispo nitlbty Which risde iiim so agreeable to all, an to the sprightliiiesil of his genius and the studious habits he acquired.?In all the literary exercises of the school,' he was invariabled distinguished burffce studei^s, the teachers, tho trustees and tue neighborhood. If in iiomo became a synonymo of genhis amiiiftegrity. lie was the foremost of his class asjbften as he chose to he so, though lie was often blown to do an injustice to himself, before he woiifd incur the displeasure ofhisclass mates, by th^iiidividious, tho' justifiable means of leaving the a behind l||m. The power^of his mind seon.ed to Ik* exactly balanced by tufoc of his body. His personal as Wpll as Intellectual activity wore alike the sub ject of genera remark, and recalled to the mind tho sinu'ilaraccounts of the adinirublo t'rltch ton. These qualities sometimes brought him in to coll'minn with othcrs,of similar ago and size, whom, (to use their own phrase) ho could gene rally manage t and though possessed of a spirit andindependence which%as never known to submit tft what he thought to lie an insult, lie was generous, rational and easily apposed. He was both loved ami feared by his equals, and res pected of course, hv his superiors in age. Na turally lively and fund of diversion, he was al ways ready at proper time* to join in tho usual games ami exercises of youth, but he often did it fi(?m a sense of its necessity, slid would return with renewed pleasure to the employments of tho mind. In allthe time lie reinnmetl at school ho was never known to be guilty of a single dis honorable act. His temper was quirk nut not irascible,and malice and revenue never louml an abode in his breast. Ills perception of absurdi ty in thought sml action was ioMintivelv acute, nud though fond of a satiro wjjieie the subject re quired it, w as of that innocent kind whirh a I ways afforded pleasure instead of pain. In what ? ever lie undertook, lie iqvariably endeavored to surpass?for being seldom if ever equalled, ne ver excelled by Huy. his emulation led him to exert himself in' airi uncommon degreo, whene ver another seemed likely to acquire greater distinction than himself. ftensibl?* of his stand ing, tenacious of his right*, and jealous of his ri vals, he would sometimes display on the?e occa oilman affair*,.pro* : actions anic teal and a perseverance in to that, Which in tho coursc .broduceathe greatest and. nq ongst in on. HeMvn.s not inscn' of the influonce and advantages of female upon the mind and manners, but Ids ?for book* and all the more manly ex ercites of the mind atid body, made him dimdeht and reserved in the company of the sex.?It was in the athletic struggles of tne Olympic field in which it is said the young Washington delight ed | it was on the classic ground of Greek and Roman literature, or in the forensic eloquence of the debating society, he preferred to appear and never failed to ahine. f lis abilities in these lat ter, and well known to many, and his speeches when not altogether extemporaneous, might well become some of the oldest pleaders at tho bar. tt'ich was the character of M^jor John Held, St that artless time of life when the qualities of lie mind and heart can bo most easily discover ed f and such tho sure presages of the distin Kished, though swift career of glory, which all vo scon him run: After completing at Loxlng ton, in Hockbridgo county, ?u less time and moro lustre than common the ordinary course of academical education, it still remained for him to decido upon the nature of hi i future life, and to such qualifications as he possessed, the pro fession of the low was assigned as well by general consent, as the almost unavoidable inclination of his own mind. With Christopher Clarke, Ksq. of llcdford county he soon became a proficient in that study, and immediately began to think of the theatre of his nrofcMional career.? At length he determined to visit the state of iciinessee, and nothing could so well display the mutual anguish of this separation from lus mends as his own feeling and elegant descrip tion after he had becamo an inhabitant of that country* His letters.to his parents and friends about that time, while ^l?y discover a sensitive, 3uick and accomplished understanding, aro mo els of filial and social affection, and afford an interesting spy^tyclo of youthful enterprise struggling at once with cpntrariant obligations, snd tho inseparably difficulties of such a situa tion. Hero hebctama.acquainted with Mi** Klizabeth Maury/daug|?er9? ?"JlV - Franklin, to whom he waefawriedjajid by whom ha hasten the posterity of honor in tho persons of a little son and daughter. Of his actual sue - thor of this Ml _ volvedHhose talents there, which JwMione conspicuously in eyery precciling period of I life, and we.atfi$' cpipibly informed, that dun tlio timo of his remaining at New-Orlvnns, one instance, B10,000 and in another, fc7,000 annually, were offered him as an associate prac titioner by soino of tho most eminent lawyers of that plate..^? I ' AH a man?nr-andor, bumor, honor, good sense J and a good disposition, abounded in his charac ter. lie was gay without guilt, and studious without austerity. He wo* lively,but not vola tile?he was satirical /but not sour. He had wit without pride, and learning without pedan try. If any thing lay concealed, it was courage beneath nvxlcsty, and friendship behind a frame and amiable sincerity. His attachments were warm as they came from tho lieai-t, abiding and disinterested. His company and conversation were courted by ninny, nml'having been always a candidate for the public favor, and once for a seat in the house of representatives?caress ed while in the army, and afterwards, when out of it, followed and mirdened with a flood of live ly applaueea, lie had become for a time social and generous almost to an extreme. At a hus band or as a child lie v;as exemplarily affection ate, as a citizen we say nothing, for history shall tell. His comprehension was quick,: ana when engaged in an argument orconversatipn, his.re plics and repartees were given with a force and rapidity that astonished. Ho possessed, ax we said before, an uncommon share of true wit and if, as is asserted, this brilliant quality is seldom united with a strong judgment or an in offensive disposition, here is at least a distin guished exception. One knew not which to ad mire most, his sprightly and inventive genius, the shining nature of the colors, or the solid | texture of Ids mind, the fascinating powers of Ins fancy, or the warm and tendor affections of Ibis heart. He was intimately acquainted with) the lives of the principal characters of ancient Orcece and Home, and took greut delight In contemplating the exploits of those renowned people. He equally admired their eloquence, their refinement and their devotion to their country, and hr. I he lived in those ages, no one would have si rove with more ardor for the prir.es ?for we will venture to ussert, few, if ativ, of modem time*, possessed more emphatically a Ilomun soul. Hut A neriod ma* approaching calculated at once to ?fevofri|H> nil the fncullicH of hi* natrre, nnd to ha*ten to maturity that blooming crop of bottom, to wliicli they hat! low; ho deservedly <*n(itlo*l him?*vc mean (he war. It won impon nihil? for such a spirit anil iut<'lligMuce an hp po? wMfdj to rBcapn tho notice of tho*e who pretti ed over the moan* antl lelt thcntHelve* account ahte for their u*e in the itcrvico ??|* their coun try. Ail intimacy wan accordingly formed Ix twecn him ami Ocnenil Jnck*on, uIiohu aitl he soon hecame t and thin intimacy* contracted in the times that tried the soul, and cemented hv recollection* of mutual danger* and unparallel ed privation*, strengthened and increased to tint Intent moment* of hi* life. In the war with the Creek Indiana hn wan remarkable for his humanity?a difttinguitthin^ trait in tho charac ter of a truly brave, made more mo by the ?.v vage character of the enemy. IIim military ta lent* d hi* public letter*," if not official bul letin* of tho war, have formed a blare of never fading honors to surround his name. No one ifW 'y ?r jtood no high in the catenation of hU xenural f and thegonerou* cf tlie enemy whom I?o so nig* Dully aided to conquer and dispel, shall carry ti? another world and enrol', bis namo with thu. favorite of her sons. Far bo it from us to de tract any thing from the merit* of thnt illustri ous commander* who has rendered such i?MH>r tal service* for his country)* but it is well un derstood, thnt to the glorious succes* of the south-western campaigns the counsel and the aid of Major Reid essentially contribut^T-tl'o* he properly, distinctly and uniformly ascribed it to Divine Providenco. His official com'nuuica tions from the head-quarters of thftf army are public spccimeus oruis style of ?.writing, which waa sprightly, strong* elegant And perspicuous. These were read with [just delight by his coun trymen at large, and suugestev a confident be lief, that the history which no proposed to write, in which he had made considerable progress, and for the cony-right of which he had been offered 30,000 dollars, would nqt have disappointed the expectations of the world. Uutulas ! while en gaged in this work, with n mind expanded' by the varied stores of human foaming, whilo buoy* ed on the incense of gratitude ami honor, in un bounded prospect of all that the world calls good or great; fitted l?y nature, art aud service for any post in the gift of his country?the idol of a numerous and respectable connection?be fore he had readied the meridian of life?in all the pride of manly beauty, the commissioned arrow of resistlesH fate, whom he had braved ho often in the field of battle, fastened in his bosom. At the house of his father, just returning witli General Jackson from the city of Washington, lie was seized with the I vphoid pneumonia, which terminated his career in the uncommon short space of twenty hours. The fortitude with which he bore this excruciating illness, astonish ed every spectator, and cheutcd to the last that ready torrent of tear* aud burst of lamentatiftT which were to disturb him not, ?' calm repose of death. Lir;m H1UCAL. ?~TCTM IIOI.LANb'8 TKAVKlJi IN t.KKRCK. j school.?1 was intcre#ted in walking through Lite itreetsof Vatldby the spectacle of an Itlmcuu school} (he preceptor or llidnskalos, a vencra l)lc old man, with a long board, who oat before his door,giving instruction to a circle of fifteen pr twenty boys, oach with a modern Greek ver sion of the New Testament in his hand, it wa? ' W sounds familiar to the ear, from Homer and Thucydides, shouted 1 strinlings, many of tbcm not more fcight vears of age. The old school : ? tewed Ayith tike attention given to himself and nls scholars, and endeavoured to rouse them to greater elVovta of display ; which htre,MWithboya every where else, lisd simply tho effect of producing more loudness (if speech. , vJMt*i^*re.?-Tho Greeks of loannina are ce-( leWatcd among their countrymen for their lite ifyy, habits. anil unquestionably merit the repute they have Outlined from this source. The litera ture of the plnce is intimately connccted with, tind depending upon, its coivmercinl character, 'lite wealth Acquired by many of tho inhabitants S'lvcftthcm the mean* of adopting such pumuits iem*elves, or encouraging thorn in others.? Their connections in Germany and Italy, and frequent residence in thesecountrie*, tend fur ther to create habits of this W?d? and atthesame time fiii-msli those materials for literary pro grcM, which would be wanting In their own country. At the present time*nearly two-thirds of the modern Greek publications are translati ons of Buropcan works ; and whatever may be said of the powers of undirected genius, it is cer Itainly letter that for some time it should con tinue to be so. Huelt translations are often both suggested and executed abroad, and the passes at Venice, Vienna, Ijcipsic, Moscow, Paris, are all made subservient to the active industry of these people in forwarding the literature of thoir country. The extensive traffic of the Greeks of loannina, is further a means of rendering this ci* ty a sort of mart for books, which are brought here" from the continent when printed ? and from this point difluscd over other parts of Greece. At the dogana of Artn, I have seen nu merous pnckrmch of books on their way to loan nina, nnd in toe city itself there are several shops, which have long been known for their extensive dealings in tills branch of business. There are two academies in the city ; at which, in sequel to each other, the greater part of the young Greeks Mt foniininn are instructed. The Gymnasium, if such it may be called* of A? thatinsuiH Psalidj, ranks as the first of these j and has acquired somo reputation from tho cha racter of the master him?elf, who 1? ivmsidertri as one of the chiefs of the literature or modern urcece. it i? true, tlml thcro are others who have written more 5 hilt I'sulida hau travelled much, is muster of many languages a good clus nical scholar, n sharp-sighted critic, a poet, and versed UchuIoh in various parts of the literature and Hciciicc of European nations. Ills only a | vowed work, as far as I know, is ono entitled, |" True Happiness, or the ItaHUofall Religion* j Worship,** in which a general tone of sceptical opinion is the predominant feature. He is the author al?o, hut anonymously, of a singular ! rompound of prone ami poetry, called KrotM j printed at Vienna in 170flj and probably may have partaken in otherVorks with which I am unacquainted. The funds of the ft cadeinv which INalidn superintend* are lodged in the hank of Moscow, lie ims.a nieat num ber of public pupih, whom he instructs not only ' in the languages, hut also in history, geography. | and various branches of general phiUophy* , lie has one or two assistant* in his labourH| but it in the reputation of his own name which main tains the character of the school. The ot'ior academv of loannim ison? of lo<r or stamp, nnd devoted to a younger clans of scholars. It is conducted at preient by an el derly tlreok, of the name of Valauo, vciy rei pectabloand industrious, but with loss learning tliah I'salida. The father of Valauo, who prece ded Mm in this office, is the author of one or two rilnthemntii-al works of tome eminence in the country. The school in supported in great part by tlio obi e benefactions of the Zosimader, one of tjio greatest and most wealthy of the mo dorii Gftek families. Two of tlio brothers of Zosimadrc resident in Italy, a third in Russia. I have learnt that the sums they annually trans mit to loAiiniua, in the form or books, of funds for the school, and of other literary heno.fnctU ons, do not fall short of ?0,000 piastre*. This is a splendid instance of genuine and well-di rected patriotism. Manner a and Cuidomn.?A slight xkeich ol" the manner in which wo lived, during mi'* n ?i dence in the latter place, may affiled the reader a better idea of the domestic and social usages of the modern Greeks, than could lie u'iveii by any general remarks on this subject. Our h.?st was a man of independent property, and anci ent family. ills wife, with more vivacitv nnd much beaut;, had thesamo excellent qualities of heart, and their domestic relations wen- ?vi dently of Hio most exemplary kind. Their fa mily consisted of two sons, two daughters, und an older'y lady nearly related to our host. IV rldest laughter, at this time eleven yeap??s* was n vretty and engaging girl j the Ijwmst ?e ius & Mteohanos, still younger, and- - - i , feet models of juvenile beatltv?rcountenai?ce al have seen j tlio Ureciau-*'set oR by the open ready formed in lwl*iong hair flowing dow n be forehead, anilMho small red cap, which is hind froJMtHop of the head. wore/habitation of our host resembled those .,i(th arc common in the country. Externally o the street, nothing is seen but' A high stono vail, with the summit of a small part of the in ter building. Largo double gates conduct vou into an ouier arei, Iroin which you puts through other gates into qu inner square, surrounded on three sides hy the buildings af the house. The basement story is constructed of stone, the up per part of tho structure almost entirely of wood. A broad gallery passes aloni? two *ide<? of the urea, open in front, and shaded overhead ty tho roof ol the building. To this /?hH *ry you as tend by a flight of stairs i the <]<>?. r* which con duct to tho different living rooms uf the house all going from it. In this country it in uncom mon, except with the lower clas?.c<, to live upon the ground-floor, which is therefore generally occupied as out-buildings ) the first floor being that always inhabited by tho family. In the house of our host, there were four or five which might be called living-rooms, furnished with |couches, carpets, ana looking glasses, which, with the decorations of the ceiling and walls, may bo considered as almost the only appenda | ges toa Grecian apartment. The principal room | (or*what with us would bo the drawing-room) was larjre, lofty, and decorated with much rich ness. Its height was sufficient for a double row of windows along three sides of the apartment; all these windows, however, being small, and so situated as merely to admit light, without allow ing any external view. Tlio ceding was pro* fusely ornamented with painting & gliding uptin'v carved wood, tho walls divided into pannell, and decorated in tho same way, with the additi on of several pier glasses.. A couch*or divan, like those described in the Seraglio, nasr.ed a long three sides of the apartment, and superse ded equally the use of chairs And tables, which are but rarely found in a ureek house. The dining-room was nlso large, Imt furnish ed With Ictb decoration, and the same with th? | other living-apartments. The kitchen and ser vants'rooms were connected bv a passage wi*U | the great gallery > but this gallery itself formed a privileged place to all the members of the fami nuly, and it was seldom that some of tho domes tics might not be seen hero partaking in tho | sports of the children, nnd using a familiarity I with their superiors, which is lufffciqntly coin I mon in the south of Europe, but very unusual in England. Rcd-chamber* are not to be sought for m tlreek or Turkish habitations. The fofas of their living apartments are the place of night ly repose with tho higher classes ) the floor with those of inferior rank. I'pon the sofas are spread their cotton or woollen mattresses, cotton Hiieets, sometimes with Worked muslin trim mings, nnd ornamented oiiilta. Neither men I nor womon take off more than a small part of I their dress | and the lower classes seldom mako any change whatever before throwing themselves down among the coarse woollen cloaks which form their nightly covering. In this point tho | oriental cuntoms are irreatlv mnw Jmni.. <!.??? thoso of civilized Kurope. The separate communication of the rooms with an open gallery, renders the Orcek house* very cold in winter, of which I hud rennet) to !><?, convinced during both my residences at luanni no. Tho higher class ofOreek* seldom use any other mean* of artificial warmth than a brazier of charcoal placed in the middle of the apartment, trusting to their peli^es and thick clothintr for the rest. Bometlines the hra/.ier is set under a table, covered with a thick rug cloth, whieh lulls down nearly to the floor. The heat in th is con fined, and the feet of those silting round t'.c ta ble. acquire noon an agreeable warmth, which it oiiTuMjd to the rest of the hod v. The rJrthily of Met /011 generally rote before j eight o'clock. Their breakfast consisted "imply of omo or two cup? of codec. served up w in a salver of sweetmeat*, but without any more sub stantial food. In consideration to our . roster morninjr %pi>etitc?, bread* honey, and nee mill were added to the repast width v.ns set befor us. Our host who was always addressed wit the epithet of Aftcndi by ids chlltlrcb *nd d?.