Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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?ESHISSmSHBaeBBH ? . rvMMMui WiUxky, , ? 1IY TII0MA8 >V. liORlt/VItf, . _ jl riiNKKR or mc(i4Ni>?0!? Ai? tAiiif nrimrrt, Hi urcrtr OPT** [/'< ?ITK WIMJ*M"!Ox'? TAYr-N*. '?? 1'iyjWmi of Suhcriptiti^-tlxt** Dollar* |>er annum, piy* al?lo hi ?<lvuux!....No pujXS* to be dmcoutimit.-d, but at \ In* <ii)t. mi of llic Kditnr, until all WTOiuums urcp&kl. . ?menu i tut exceeding f&ulccn Intra, inverted On; fir> i time for aeventy.fi vo cenla, and frniy cent* for e.wii 4iil>Acquent insertion \ and in the tame production X, for a Lrtfcr number of lj^*" ' ? that leave 1 Columbia, Jan. 9, >? rflfiK Subscriber totj* h?t?e lately opeu J pied by Mm. Calr?r*, whire he willbehsppytoinect b.N old Customers, and other* who may be pVa*ed to cut! on him. TheSTAOP^OFHCR for the rtjwj 8ta?? \ U kept it the ** Columbia Hotel." ||p^ ' 8AM0RL CHBKN. Sf KNTBRTA1NMKNT. ' rilllP, SuhKcrdier return* hi* thanks to Ills friends and ' J. tl?c public generally for tlie 1 literal encouragement lie | fca* received, Mid inform* them lie lias opened a Mouse of P^iterlainmcnt on the corner of Ilichfirdson and l/uly Streets, in trie liouse well known as l)r. 8. Green'* Tav ern i where lie will always lie happy to accommodate hit old customer* ami friend*, together with sgclt other* ' as will favor him with their company. Ho pledge* himself that their accommodations shall be Inferior to none in this place.' C. P.. W1I.LIAM80N. \\ Columbia, Jan. 9, 1815. 4tf ' - , F11K8H DIUJGS AND MKDIOINIX TUB sulwrilier has jiiHt ivn'iviil;it his Whi/fcsalo and Hetail DHUGGIST STOHK, half way between the ? State-House altd Market, Columbia, South-Carolina, a, ??.larg* & general assort moot of DltlJCS St MKIMCINP.8, srlcctcd by Iris agent in I'hilnililphia nml New-York, out V qj,thc latest importations from Kit rope, winch will lie Mild t>n the miMt reasonable terms lot cash or approved cred it. The following are a part of hi* latest importation*, V ery article of which will ho warranted genuine : 100 wt. Anna Portia, (double) 200 wt. A Hum, 40 wt 'v As.ifictiila, 50 wt. Antimony, 5U wt. Aloen, Alkauc It> <*?t , Alcohol, Auirtccd, Amulto, Arsenic, (while ami yellow) Arrow Hoot, liaison Capivi, Halsain Peru, Itakaiu 'I'olu, H-iibailoci Ti-.r. Ilnnn Itcfined, Hnrguudy Pitch, 300 wt. ' Hrimstnnc, Calomel, Cant|iar.de*, Camphor, Chammo nnlc Flowers, Canclla Alba, Caraway Hcetl, 150 wt. Cream , Tartar, (.'.near. I la, Castile Soap, Cloves, Colombo Hoot, Cochineal, Conserve Hoses, Crude Tartar, Corrosive Sub limate, IhiriHth t, Kpsom Salt*, Kxtract Jalap, Kxtract Gentian, Kxtract Hemlock, Kxtract llark, P.sscnce of Lemons, Khmiicc of Hergamot, K**encc of I a vernier, P.uiery, (e??r*e and fine) Fennel Seed, Flower* of #inc, Flower* of Uenr.oin, Flower* of Sulphur, Cumliogc, Culls, Gentian, (linger in Hoot, 15U0 wt. Glaulier Salts, Gum Arabic, Gum Guaicum* Gum Trngacnnth, Gum Ammo r. - mac, Gum tttno, Gum Copal, l.ac. Shell, UiC. Hmzuin, Lac. Kleini.Lac. Myrrh, lie Id n>re, llicra Picra, I*;nglu-?is, 40 lb. I Lpiipo in powder, Jalap. 100 lb. Juniper JlCrr.e?, 1 ..(juoricc Hull, Liquorice Hlmicd, I. quorice Hoot, Izmir Camit.Ci 10J lb. Manna Flake, 150 lb. Manna in tort*, 50 lb. Mtjgneaia calcincd, do. Glasses in Doxes, 100 lb. Mud V tier, Mortars, Composition, do. Glass, Mace,- Mcxormn, Nutmeg*, Nntgalls, Ni|rid Acid, Oil ol* Anise, Oil of t:iov?j, Oil of Carraway, Oil of Uivcuder, Oil of Penny royal, Od of I'epiicrmint, Oil of lhi*ernnry,0.l of Savin, Oil of Jumper, Oil of Sassafras, Oil of Vitriol, .15 lb. O pnim, Orel* Hoot, Oxymcl of Squill^ 250 lb. Peruvian llark in powder, Pearl Ash, P&rl Hurley, Patent l.iiit, Itwl Picc.pitate.jWhitc Precipitate, tpiussia \V(mmI, Kheu barb in Powder, ?lo. in Hoot, Horhell Salt*, Hoxo Water, Hot ton Stone, Hal. Ammoniac, Sal. Polychre*t, Salt ol Tartar, Salt of I lartahorn, S.irsapnrdla, Sponge. Scaminn ny, Saffron, Senna, Sago ill Cram, Stuck n, Soda, 150 lb. Sail I'ctro, (double refined) H|iermsccUi, Squills, Sugar Ixad, 150 ll>. Sweet Spirits Nitre, 75 lb. Spirits llartn born, T.uitelcst Salts, Tamarinds Turmetic, Lva t;rsi, Valerian Hoot. patent and family mkdicinkh, In Fliiuls, Kiiitahle for country mirehautv, to lie had by ?lie pftoce or dnr.cn. lire'* New-I<omlon Ililiou* Pills, Anderson's Pills, Hooper** Pills, Is^tie Plastlr, llaLsam lloitey, Hritinb O.I, Jl.itenian's limps, Ilafly's tilixir, Oalhy's ' Carminative, w ,.?tr tMinf ? *#>r?i</ii| ?nj'lll ? Jt I Grand Elixir, Improved Charcoal Dentifrice, Antimon'ul >Vine, Rlixir Paregoric,* 1/uulnnum, Spirit* Hartshorn, Sweet Spirits Nitre, Cordial Tincture of Hhubarb, 'Par .tar Kinetic, Calomel, Jalnp, Hbeitbarb. ^ SUNDUIKH. tJwiuTi l/mret*, < Join moo Lancet*, Apothecary Scr.lt* ami Weights, Spatulas, Camel llair Pencils, Paint ItrnMicA, Cohl- He.it cr's Skiti, Ink Powder, lted Ink, Ikaling Wax, Pill HoXes, Wufvri, Ihittla and Pldal Cork*, Ta|ier*# l.iquid Hlickinvf, IU-*t l/nulon mustard, f aeeser*, Tru.ssc*, Wash Halls, Windsor Soap, Vari i ga?cd Snap, Transpsreut Snap, IVminHim, TnOlh ltni*hc*, l,i|i Salve, Hmullln^ Hottks, Hteve'* WatCr t'.ilour* hi hoxe*, Nipple ShHIs and Tulie*, India Hub Imt, I'hials assorted, looth Oruwe.*, Hurgeon's Needles, | Mcjiljiells, C>.-U Scrows. I'aintHj f'olourHy nntf llntfrr'n Material*. Dry While lx*ad, lied la nd, Yellow Ochre, Siianifh Urown, Whiting, Knglish ( balk, Ho<iri, l/onp lllack, Vciietian Ijed, Prussian lllne, H??e Piiik, Vc^ \ millk.m Patent Yellow, Ivory llhu!., I'umire Stone, Silver I^eaf, I'hikv White, Kings Yellon. Illa 'k la'ad, Vewligfis, Matter's How Mi ring*, Arpia I'ortis, t)d Vitriol, Coppe ras! l/igwood, l)r<i[i|:il.'f , I \t|iar^*e. I* I. A S T VI l??\ \ \ II FAMILY MKDM'INF. ( IIKSTS, O* various sinw*, put en .!?!.' to order, and on J be shortest notice, with a W,k of ajijimxed direction*, oot oning a description of mo*t ili Will receive in a few day*, a fiesh4 supply of Doctor Ibilicrtson's and llyotl's celebrated IV. . nt and Faioily 1 Medir.iiH's. Also, a large nuptdy of Mid drawn CASTOIt OIL of a very slirK rior fpiallty. ''?h-iin. 1?I5, 8 pf.iimvai.. NOtJCB. Z 7 ACOP MtTNRRHIIII* I* cntm?l Into between Col. A lh??r.w> and W*. V, t>x?M-MVll?, who will *r> the Court* of l/i\v for the l)i?triet of Rich* haul t art<1 in the Court of Bouify Ifchl *t Columbia fi>r the District* of tAxln&toti* R.ehlffnd nul Fairfield t under (ho Arm of lIunftlKO it DlMtcouHt, 6* 3 January 1, Ifllfl. "???? ? - ?' '<i'n i.i . ?? ??nniMi'iiiiwfcui i 1 i ?? ...ill.lnr irntitu flAHil Will I* riven forCIJ'.AN l.ltfKN AND COT ) TOM RA08, on npj?Ucution ?t U?i*Oflteo. Dtc 26, 1814. \'a ? ? DOMESTIC. INTKRNAI. IMPItOVEMRKT. '(A committee of tlie Virginia LegtulatVire lately mrnle * report on ICfJoctnaivI Inland Navigation,, remarkable Kir it* clear, just and cotnjirelveiuivo view*. It merit*, I think, 'equal commendation with that delivered wmc weeks I ?c fore to the L4giaUturv of Nuilli-Oarolin?. Aa It contain* a, good deal of information, will pnxlucc thinking, and knaycxcito invcstigati?.'i that, will eventu ate in result* important and u vrfui to the litnte of South. Carolina, tho readers of tl>o Telescopc ar? hero prr'-' tented with aa much of the report as presents views and information adapted to all situntiona ami circumatanccs. j Hxtract from a Iteport to the Virginia House <>/ D*lrgnU$t Dec. 28, IBIS. Whatever difference of opinion may have, nt any time, subsisted, a* to the akpediency of con trolling tno voluntary direction of the wealth and labor of individual* by tho application of legal constraint, there never has existed a doubt but tliat it i? tho duty* an well ax the interest of every good government to fnrilitnto the neces sary communication between its citizens,'/ Next to the enjoyment of civil liberty itself, it may be questioned whether the beat organis ed government can assure to those, for whose happiness all governments are instituted, a grea ter blessing than un open, free and easy inter course with one another, by good roads, naviga ble rivers and canals. Their tendency, by ex tending the commerce, to promote the agricul ture and manufacture!* of o nation, and thereby to uugmcnt its wealth and population, in too ob vious to require much illustration. The planter and farmer realise their share of iliis benefit, in the augmented value of their lands | the manufacturer and merchant, in die .increased and divot-tilled demand for their in uWtx^nnd capital. Nor are the hitter interests of society less indebted for their advancement to the multipli cation and improvement of these channels of useful intercourHe. They afford the mentis of exploring the natural resources of a country, & invite the genius of speculation to fit them for the uhcs of man. Lands too remote from mark et to tempt cultivation } forest*, hitherto re garded as inaccessible t beds of minerals and fossils unknown or neglected, are brought witb? in the reach ol ordinary enterprise, and ren dered subservient to the convenience and coin fort of the citi'/.cn, or to the defence and safety of the state. * = .? . . rjk They confer on an extended jmpire the pronip* titudo end energy of action fcjtfch aire consider* cd peculiarly characteristic or one of' niira# dimensions t since, w ithout contracting tlitf ||? mlts of. ite territory, they reduce the dutaiWfc; and expedite tho communication between the sent ot its government and its remotest ex tremities. Whether the public force is to he spread out lor defence, or combined for uttack, they alike contribute to tho rapidity and to tho vigor of its operations. In a republic, csperinlly where public opinion exerts u controlling influence, aqa public virtue mIiomIi) be tlie apHng of all public action, they may he considered nit important auxiliary, if not a necessary ingredient of |K>litical liberty. They tend to diffuse moro equally the know ledge which experience acquires, and tlie leisure which wealth alone con purchase; they strength en the cords^of social union, and quicken thut generous .feeling of patriotism, which is ever ready to exclaim at the contemplatiun of an ex tended sceno of public improvement, " I love my country, because she i* worthy of my af fection." While man v oilier State* have been advanc i hi; in weoltfi and numbers, with a rapidity which ha* astonished themselves. the ancient dominion and eider sister of the Union bus re* nmined stationary. A very large proportion of her western territo ry is yet unimproved, while a considerable part of her eastern has receded from its former onu lence. How many anil spectacles <!o her low lands present, of wasted and deserted fields ! of dwellingH abandoned by their proprietors ! of churches in ruins ! The genius of ncr ancient hospitality , benumlied by the cotd touch of penu ry, spreads Ida scanty board in naked halls, or seeks u coarser, hut more plenteous repast in the lonely cabins of the west. The fathers of the land are ({one* where another outlet to the ocean turns (heir thoughts from the place of their na tivity & their affections from the haunts of their youth. Beyond the Alleunny, an unexpected revolution threatens the Atlantic states in gene* Ml, the accomplishment of which will creuto new intercuts and views in that flourishing and important Meet ion of America, and bar, forever* the hope of reuniting it by commercial lien to the market* of the east. Your committee are far from intimating that the General Assembly of Virginia has been to* tally unmindful of those natural advantages, or wholly regardless of their improvement. The commonwealth required time to recover from the pecuniary losses she sustained during the war or the revolution. It found her citizens laboring under very heavy private debts, and left her government encumbered \\ ith a debt of tfiuch greater magnitude. Yet, under circumstance* ?o inntiKiiicinufl, the Ktatesmeh of thatday, and i*?*|Kscirtliy tho illun triniiitmnn to whom, under llcavcti, tlii<% imtion wnt* indebted frtr the CHtablUlimont of if* free dom* did not d(*aain to enquire into the hum blest mean* of giving to that freedom, value.? From his xcatous exertions, sprung tho Potomac and Jamea Kiver Canal Companies). To the flrat of thoM, the commonwealth U indebted for a water communication of three hundred and thirty-eight miles j and upon it, and the con* tcmplatcd worka oh the Bhenandoah, ?he relic* for the farther improvement of * navigation of three hundred and ninutv mites, filu* hat shared with a sister state, tho benefits of the labor al? ready |*r formed on this river | in that which remans to be accomplished on tho 8outh Branch of the Potomac* ' t)ie Cacapehoiij'and Uic She nandoah. she )u>? at| exclusive interest. Tho James Hi ver Company, Wive opened a navigation of thfcc hundred miles. Tho Appomattox and the ftispuil Swamp Ca nals naturally followed intt> existence, those which were indebted for their origin, to the pa triotism oi Ueneral Washington. 'Die former onened a navigation of uno hundred miles.? '1 he latter was designed merely to connect wa fer* already navigable j but, in it* present use, and remote consequences, in not inferior in im portance, to any public work within the com monwealth. The expence of the first ol' the preceding work*, doos not excccd fifteen hundred dollars per mile tipon the navigation already opened ; that of the second, is about twelve hundred ; an average expence which will lie annually diminished in the progress or future improve ments on the branches of these rivers, as tin* principal obstructions to their navigation, were removed before their waters could be brought into pm tial use. The actual cost or those public works, does not exceed one third of the evpence usually attendant upon the structure of turupike roads : which, in the absence of navigation, are the only substitute for them. It is duo to the lutter however, .to rctnnrk, that the addition recently 1 made to them of parallel iron railB, iminovcably set in the earth, at proper intervals, for the wheels of waggons, has more than equalized the advantages of such roads, with the boat amend ing navigation which tin; i ivers of Virginia uf fbrd above their principal tails ; and that the additional cost, which this improvement occa sions to the structure of tho Turnpike, though great in itself, is inconsiderable, when compar | ed with its efiect in reducing the expence of land carriage. 'J'hc turnpike roads of the commonwealth, except a few short passes of particuhir moun tains, nnd a road recently begun from Frede ricksburg, towards the lllue Ridge, are confined principally to the county of Loudon, the adja cent counties of Fairfax, Kauqitic.r and Frede rick, and to Uic vicinity of the seat of govern ment. > There- is but onet to which funds of the Commonwealth have contributed any aid.' i ; All these public works are alike in one res drctt they purpose to defray the exnence of |Rcir first cost, and of their subsequent repairs, out of the tolls collected upofc them ; and these art* -equitably levied upon those who use them, in sums proportional to the benefit which thev respectively derived from such use. Where it is absolutely certain that such works can subsist upon this oasis alone, the revenue of the com monwealth, although it may expedite their pro gress. M not indispensably necessary to their Private wealth will, of itself, take the di rection which personal interest prompts. Hut there are intny such works essential to the pros perity of tho commonwealth j the persons im mediately interested in which, have not capitals sufficient (o commence tlietr foundation, and there are many others of like utility, which, if completed, would require (he lapse of many years to m::ke them profitable to tho individual subscribers to their stock. The population and commerce which iufullihly follow their direc tion, spread out upon their borders, and swell their tolls, cannot be expected to precede their I'MXttthCO. Although almost nil tho turnpike roads within the commonwealth, Imvo been made without any other legislativelml; than their respective act* of incorporation j yet, it is probable, that nei tlier I'otomnc nor James river could have been rendered navigable above tide water, with hucIi assistance alone. Maryland and Virginia sub scribed more than one half of the capital stuck of the former, and Virginia alone, more than one third oT the hitter. The tolls hitherto collected on the one, would not have justified a subscrip tion toits stock, with a view to mere profit ) and although those of the latter have, for some time, rcali/ed the most sanguine expectations of it* friends, and its stock is eighty per cent, above par, yet the reyenue of the company, apart from tho appreciation of it* stock, would not nett to its members six percent, per annum lip on the Rums which they have nctuully expended on that river, from the commencement of their labora to the present period. Yet, your com mittee confidently believe, that there in not an individual within the commonwealth, nlivo to a sense of her trtio interests, who would have do sired, for the sake of a higher nroflt to the trea sury upQn the stock of tlie public in either of those works, to withdraw the funds which were renuirod for their completion, and permit those noble rivers to return to a state of nature.-? Those who reside near to their Y>ankfl, have di rectly participated in the beMeftiH thus afforded 'them, of a cheaper mode of transporting the productions of their labor to market j and those even, who antecedently possessed the superior advantaftp* of tidewater, or who were compel led by their distance from both, to resort to the common highways, in order to reach the same ?nur*>?*1 ? have greatly profited by those imtirove incuts of navigation, which augmenting the ex tent and value of that market, could not fail, proportionally, to enhance the price^of their Crodtice. Ho true, it is, that whatever contri utes to oncrcase the population nml wealth of the towns, must contribute to the growth and improvement of the country. Ami tl/?s efVect is wrought not solely on tho vicinity of those town??it is *cen not merely in the wealth which glitters i* their aubiirbv t but dKcovoied -V [, >. ^ ? 1 4 in (he augmentation of their moans of consump tion, and the enlargement of their uiutuai capi tai?; Ih this neces&nry un<I reciprocal relation of commerce and agriculture, the. country below tide, water in ?Virginia, has an immediate and eventoca) interest in the progrcstand perfection of 'all those public works, exclusive of its gene ral interest in whatever advances to the growth and prosperity of the commonwealth. Tool inhabitants of the low lands will, there* fore, partake of the benefit of every application of tno public reVcnue to the improvement of the connexion betweert their market towns and tho country, tbove them. It should be peculiarly their policy to turd the commerce of the west from its* northern direction into tho bosom of their own territory. In tiie efforts which aro contemplated to improve the roads passing im mediately through tneii'own country, they have an interest more sensiblo to the eye, but less to the understanding. Should the general assembly determine to patr<mi'/.u by tuft application of the public re venue all such works as are likely to lie of great public utility, it becomes important to d? .ido whether an mipiovement may not be made in the mode heretofore pursued, of extending to them thnt patronage. Your committee aro fully satisfied that much loss has hitherto Ihmmi sustained by all the canal companies which have been incorporated, for waiitof skill in their conduct. Their directors have served, it is true, without compensation. Tlu.y have generally been public-spirited private gentlemen) hut neither professional engineers, nor capable, from experience and observation, of guarding against tho errors and frauds of agents v.'ho pretended to he ho. No single company could ullord to purchase or could fully employ, in a country wnere few public works were begun, the services of a dis tinguished engineer ; and yet^ w ithout the pre vious surveys, plans and estimates of such an officer, no very arduous public work could Im?. confidently begun or successfully conducted.? 7 To supply the defect of such an officer, would be the obvious interest of the commonwealth, who. if not sufficiently compensated by the ge neral utility of his labors, might demand of each company, such an interest in its stock, as should be equivalent to the value of the sorv\ rendered to the company bv such officer. Whutever fund the legislature may be inclin ed to appropriate to 1 'tenia! improvement, a difficulty must occur <11 settling the relative importance of its proper objects j and, if tlus appropriation were also required to designate some particular object, it would be often im practicable, from the variety of opinions al ways existing i(i an assembly representing ma lty* local interests, to procuro an union in the choice of any^ one. The first of these difficulties may be obviated by organizing a proper body to collect and prepare for tlte general assembly, the facts and information necessary to cast upon every application for a portion of 'tho fund light enough to guido tho sound discretion of the legislature in the selection of subjects : And these facts will be entitled to (lie higher confi dence, if reported under the sanction of ofliciul responsibility. To allay such local jealousies as might ob struct an agreement in favor of any single ob ject of internal improvement, the fund may bo previously consecrated and set apart for the ac complishment of all, by one appropriation. If the terms of its future application to any, be at the time prescribed, a liko participation* in (he benefit of the fund, will bo assured to every in terest which It is calculated to promote } ami' tlte spccdr eidoyment of that benefit will be se cured to'each by proportioning the magnitude of the funa, so set apart, to the number and importance of the objccU, for which it is design ed to provide. It may be sound policy for tho commonwealth in order to accomplish some great commercial or political pur|M>*c, to throw open to general use, without (lit! charge of tollf>9 a particular ca? nut or road ) hut it cun never be itH interest) for many reasons, to become the Hole proprietor of all the public works within it* territory.? Kxperivnce testifies that they will be inoro eco nomically made, and better *e|>aired, if tlieir management l>e led to the individuals who sub scribe to their stock with a view to private gain, than if confided to public officers or agents.-? The commonwealth should subscribe 00 much to their stock, and on such terms, as will suffice to elicit individual wealth fty public improvement, and the controul which she retains over the con duct of the individual subscriber, should extend no farther, than to prevent or correct such abus es upon the community at large, as might be up. prehonded from the too eager inc i.itive of gain. Ity yielding to the individual subscribers the profit of the state oil its shares of the stock of any company, where required to secure such individuals against temporary loss, a much smaller subscription of public money will suffice to draw forth private enterprise. The commonwealth can never he a loser, it' a public work judiciously begun, be finally perfected? and the public security against such loss, will be found in tho discretion which the legislature re tains over the choice of the objects, for whi? h its patronage i? sought. As the market rate of inter ests decreases in every commercial country, with 1 lie growth of its capital, tha maximum profit of the stock of each company may be reduced, af ter tho lapse of a limited period of time. Tho least pront allowed by law should bo great e nougli to create the hope of private advantage in 1 hone whose enterprise can nave no other object j and that MiftWrnttm, whirh the community have 40 much interest in reducing, may be safety fixed at a lower amount, in proportion as the magni tude & conditions of the public subscription* af ford to private adventurers an indemnity against anv ultimate low?