The Sumter banner. (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, November 23, 1853, Image 2
ADDESSOF 7
EN. g , HAiDLER.
MUfIIIsHEb nV REQUEtT OF THE SUBMTER
AORIC0LTURAL A5$YCIATION-.
It is well known, that I appear be
fore you to-day, nore front con
straint, than fromn choice.
-But for the fact that this is our
Ejrst Anniversary, and believing that
lal entire failure in the matter- of a
pnblic Address would throw a damper
upon our noble enterprise, I should
remain silent on this occasion. As it
is, I must plead tho indulgence of my
auditory for the hasty and undigested
manner, in which I have thrown my
,Jdsas together, from pressure of bu
yiv' ness, and from circumstances beyond
my control.
Having, in justice to inyself, said
thus much, I proceed briefly to
place before.yqi some considerattidns
connected with the great object we
have in view.
Agriculture ha; been defined to he
the "art of disposing the soil in such
a manner as to make it produce in the
greatest abundance and perfection
those vegetables which are useful to
man and the animals dependent on
him for subsistence."
Agriculture is the prime source of
wealth and of coifiort. The gold of
Chlifornia and the mighty improve.
ments of our day, would be valueless
and useless apart from this first, and.
may add, noblest employment of
man. I':leed, the gold of Odlifornia
_.would continue to be embedded in
the sands of the Sacramncuto, as it has
done from time iamemnorial, and
all the grand improvemnents which
characterise civilized and enlightened
society, would be unthought of, un
cared for, but for the wealth and con.
fort which Agricultural pursuits have
produced in the world.
I am not, however, to be understood
as depreciating other pursuits; but
merely as giving that of the culture of
the earth, tihe first place for utility,
and the source from which miun
derives his sustenance and his ability
to embark successfully in any oth
er pursuit.
I have been often surprised and
grieved at the fheility with which
many of the promising young men of
our country, possessing small poatri
.,monies, turn from the sure and hap
* py. means of not only obtaining a
competent support, but of ultimate
ly enriching themselves by the* cul
ure of the earth, to the hazards of
ercantile pursuits, and to the so cal
led learned professions.
If our generous and enterprising
young men of limited capital, woVld
but take warning from the numerous
examples of failure among their pre
,decessors, who embark upon the
deceitful sea of mercantile speculation,
IJam sure a large majority of theni
ild be content to build up their
unes slowly, it may be but safely
and hanpily by the culture of the soil.
I ne succeeds in mercantile pur
~npsud either remain poor, .or
s '8 true tat lite mim
wealth in Agricultur
al prsits is not very large; but most
f them liv'e fre of debt and happily
And comfo! tably.
We of the South are essentially an
~?Ag'ricultural people-we at-c so from
oircumstances, and must continue to
be so.
There are numerous considlerations
pressing upon us with increasing
force, to improve our Agricultural re
sources to their utmost limits.
Ifwe would retain and increase our
population, this must be done. With
*a territory sufficient to supp.ort three
millions of people, now with onie fifth
of that number, our inhabitants are
emigrating to the virgin soils of the
South west.-Now how is this con
fessed evil to be remedied? Ilow arec
our people to be lixed to the soiln
Why surely by making it to their
interest to remain. As long as vias
ions of wealth and prosperity arec
held out in the Southi-west, superior to
any thing to be fotund among our
selves, so long will our- State continue
- her contribution of emigrants to the
unbroken soils of those regions. We
*can and must change the mode of our
culture in many respects. We eani and
must resor-t lo many expedients, now
either altogether neglected -by us, or,
* but, inadequately attended to, as aids
and supports in our- chief pursuit.
-It is almost universally coniceded.
that we cultivate too mouch land-that,
in this way we cultivate badly--we
manure lightly-and thus crop (our soil
*to'exhaustion. I say, this is almost
universally conceded, and yet the sys
tern, to a great degree remains m-alter
ed. It is tr-ue, we manure moore largely
now, than in former days, but it is
not to be concealed that the exhausting
process is still going on. What is to>
be done to ireduce the quantity of cuL.I
tivated lands wvithin such limits, as to
secure a progr-essive improvement?
Wrting about it, has proved a failure;
adspeaking about it has met with no
h eiter auccess. The only way is prac
K ijally to show t hat it is projitable to
d9 so. I feel assuried that we might
culimtivate one fourth less land than
-e now do, with increased profit in a
very short time as to produr,, andl
rihour lands imamenisely impr-oved.
That planter who does not contemplate
the I progressive improvement of
lislnds, in his great anxiety for
present profit, is pursuing a course
which a few years will convince him to
be ruinous.
But there is another evil of alarm
ig, and I fear, increasing magnitude,
which has long existed among us, and
to which I wvish to call your special at
*jention.---Kentucky arid Tennessee
r'1ve takeni rnllionls. of dollar-s from
ils wrhich ought to have r-emained and
ciclae within otir own limits, Qot
JJnow;pis, and ought to be our
ifpe produotion. 1 have an increas
~~J~~ifdnce in the adaptattion of our
soil haid clinate to the production of'
this plAi, 'which lays the world un
der CoAtibution to these Southern
States. It is my conviction that cot
ton will be cultivated with increasing
success in our State and Georgia when
sonic of the boasted lands of the South
West will be u'tterly valueless for this
purpose-our lands, so far from be
ing exhansted, may ind must be im
proved by a judicious system of cul
ture. There tre perhaps, more worn
out plantations in Alabama at this
time, thani in South Carolina. But we
have turned our attention too ex
clusively to the culture of this
plant. We have made the grain crop
too much a matter of secondary con
sideration. Tihe consequence has been,
we have been for a long time look.
ing to a foreign market for our
imlent, our mules, horses, and our
negro clothing-yes, and we, Ofen
se Northern corn aid northern hay in
our markets and on our own planta
tions. It is vain to Assert that by
devoting our attention almost exclu
sivelv to the culture ofcotton, we shall
be enabled to purchase these tlilgs
more advanitgeously than by redue
ing our cotton erop, and raising them
ourselves. Stubborn ficts tell a dif
.erent story. A bushel of corn in your
own barn, is wor ti al bostl 1half as much
more in a distant market. It is a pro
verb among us, that, bought corn does
not fatten well. And the proverb
is foIinded in wisdom, as almost all
proverlis are. Our lands will produce
grailn of almost every description a
bundantly. And having an abundance
of grain we can easily raise our own
pork, our horses and our mules. A
Southern planter ought to be the most
independent man in the world. 1ie
ought to have all the conveniences and
comforts of life not only in abundance
but in rich profusion. H1ut the South
ern planter is not an hndepenlent mtan.
Ile is dependent upon a foreign mar
ket for his menat, his mules, his hor
ses his negro clothing. hisi butter of
tentimes and Ilis cheese always. Tiis
is like tihe California gold digger, who
negleets mnaking his bread in his ar
dor after the precios metal, wich
wlen it is obtained lie gives most ( f
it and sometimes all of it for some.
thing to :at and to put on. Kentucky
and T1'enlessCe stock raisers, and Nor.
thern maiII] I ettu rers extract, froi
us a large jn' priprtion of our iard earn
ed gains, leaving us with poorly sup.
plied ta bles, and destitute ol' inlime
rable conveaiences and comfiorts whieb
are within the reach oi us al. did we
but put forth our liands to Claimi theim.
In order to place before you m1:Y
idea of' what a Southern planter shol'dh
have, pernit ine to draw somewhat
upon your imagin/ain, fr I cainot
point you to any example by way
of illustration.
I Suppose first a dwelling house
built Upon some approved and con
venient. 1111. I suppose all the nece
sary plantation buildingsto be sub
stantially builL and convenie'ntly ar-,
,ranged, mnd a01 i losure i-.
ing- protectiil altai beauty to the
whole. I suppose at some conveni
ent distance, the negro quarter as it,
is termed, consisting of neat and suli
stantial cottares, ael'rding aitle
r'omi for all thir~l inma12tes. Thlenl
c'mes the garde-n, thle very right arm I
of' domlestie comifort in thle way of
ti ale suppl ies-large-, and1 su pp' l
wvithi every variety of vegetables and14
worked withI even lmo~re di ligenice thans
the all abisorbing cotton plamt. A
good gardenl I freely acknoiwledge to
be one4 of tile righits of' the /ad~ies, oft
wvhichl they are too often inl want, aind
fori wvhich they shc ul stiu I V contend.
Thelairlhusban'dis oughIt to bei aewd/e'si:rd
ito. immI ed iate reh brmation1 iln this
par'ticular. Thecy shaumld lock up~ the
panitr and 11( ext ing uishl the k itchl
en fires until thiei r leige-loirds shball
haul11 diowni thirI fhigs andit capi tullate
uponi such1 terms as will insure (onet
good hanid at least f'rom the cottonl
field to the vegetabile gard(en.
Next come11s thle (orchal2rd, with its
trees immnerous variedl anid choice-,
substantially enclosed anid at temlledl
tos with caire. Thei oIpinlion that, a lfruit
tree will live and f1lourish on being
thlrust anyl ho4w intio thle groud anid
heft to take care 44f itself has long since
expaloded. .lqual painls 2md1 cultivation
should lbe besti wed uiponl orchards
as upon tilnge land1(, with thle kniowl.I
eilge t bat, wi tl ut t hese. goodl crops of'
large anid fair fruit (can111 nmre lie
ra2ise1data gooad crops of' corn, ctttanl,
or' potaltoe1s. "Fro'm thle num Ierouis
P~omlological anid Hor~iticulltuiral Associ
ationis now% ini active (operaltion), at no(
distant, day the cultivaitionl and con
sump)t ionl of'good fr-uits ini thlis countr y
willI realcla a figure far aboveo what is
brea gener1ally expected. Although,
breaicn met will niever be dispenis
ed with, yet a mnuch harger portiont oif
apples, pieches, and1( ofther' fruits, wh'len
grownl in) the miost econoical imnner
wtill be consmiined by the millioiis,
because these luxuries canl be ii-crea2sed(
indefinitely, and sold low without loss
of profit. Whein tested to its uitmos1t
capiaci ty, an acre of grouind cani hard ly
yield more of' hluman sulsteniance than in
(one4 of apples or pe)acheis" "Success
ill fr'uit gr'owinlg ill tile Sou1th need nlot
be expected where irelianice is placed
on inidi vid iual trees of' Northlen growthl
though by per'sever'ance anmd sonol
degree of skill, miost aof thme finest Nor'
therni antd Euriopean fi'uits may' be1
grown in a1 cold climate is adiapted tio
that climate, to a cotld long wtinter, and
a short stunmiler. Wheni such trees
are brought her'e, they mal~y grow (41'
with 50111e appealrancee of vigour for' a
tine; but when wai'i wealther hals siit.
f'airly in, they betgill to suller; the leaves
look dry and shri1veled lip; and it, is
with difficulty they can be kept alive
with all the labor that can be bestow
ce1 upon them. Nurseries of fruit trees
so far as to meet the demand for
vonnrr tresntinnd hy n healthful comno
~' %.
tilion to plaed them within the easy
reach of the humblest farmerand
mechanid, shdtild be encouraged by
us. Every young fhrrner can very
easily start an orchaid and at a trifling
expense, if he only has th'e will, lie may
be sure to find the way. Few orchards
receive much manure, and it is highly
probable that more trees aire injured
than benefitted there by,-the only
manure necessary for fruit trees are
ashes, charcoal, and limne. Limo is a
absolutely indispensablo ingredient in
our soil in which fruit trees of' illy
kind are grown. "Ile who has planted
a tree, will lie not desire to eat of't he
fiuit there of? and Ie whose filither has
raised it, will he not feel it to be aliost
sacrilege to give it into the hands of'
straingers?" Patriotism has n0 basis so
scure is iln the love which nanl hlils
for his ome and the home of' his fth
e rs. It was a great ternplatioii to the
Israelites when wanderinig inl the
wilderness, to return to Egypt, when
they remembered its fleshpots, its
poigrai tes, its figs, aniId its vinlem'.
And ouri people hiaviig an abulndanice
of these things, will have little or no
tenptation to wanider into the wilds of'
the uitl west. The old Scot tish laird
(Tve god advice to his soil when he
middressed hiin thus: '": k, wleu ve
hae inething else to (it), ye iay113 be aye
sticking in a tree, it will be gr'owiing
Jock when ye're I sleepinlg." I wo iuld
go still fitther and say we should nake
it a part of o ir business; and an im.
portaint part too, to p1lat oiti trees
both fir fruit and rnaluent. The
orcliard not only affords a luxury in
deliciouts wholesome fruit, but it,h is
also an actual profit. Our climate is
ad mirably adapted to the pro Iluetionl 4of
at successionl of tri'1t crop's, from AMayv
to October, including both, thus cove
ilg one IIlf the year. It is a well
known faet, that stock will fleed and
thrive upon the various fi-nuits, espeei:al
ly ipon the peach atid apple. ( )u
Northern iieighbors have long known
this, and have practised it with great
adv~anltage. oiste eldan
Next in oider comes the wel(- I
ed and enclosed meadow. There is
hardly a plaltatiol of any size, but
aflbrds land adapted to this purpose,
and with a little care it may be t urned
to great, advantage; there Cattle 1111y
feed and bring to tile dairy, uldei's dis
tended with the richest mi ilk. The
dair 'y should form a special item iin the
attention (f the planter. And here is
allothe) riglht of the /wl/cs lielh I free
ly ack now ledge, aid for which they
11hould co'n tend w itli all the piowers
with which their longuess are gified,
calling to their support, all tile other
aids which ingenuity inny dictate.
They have sull'tl'red too inl this rcspuect.
and f'orbearance has lowg a g ceased to
be ia vi; tue in view of' their wrongs.
I do not oliject, to tile introductio in of'
improved breeds of' cattle, provided
they are atteided to. But to liop e to
improve our stock without improerd
attention to thelm is perfect f'olly.
The day has Nirevei passed with usm,
to exp'r. no" r guiJo ',.1 aic tal. e
~by roaining at large iti our forest lands.
Seraggy and serawny. hundreds of
them aniually leave their h!ines in our
b-gs and upon our plahins, hetire tlie
genial silln *f s retilnilillg slrin I ig, causes
the conistan tly dlecreasinug wo odhlnid
gralsses to shoot forthI. Our I s',temi inl
tIns pa rticu h lar list be eblanig.d to sit
the ehi:inged ci rculnstaniees 'oour' coun1
tiry--u wi ~ oodllands and swarnps no
Ilnge r alihrld a rich spon1tanleou pals
iiur'age-our m stotck niust lbe r'eduiedt to
sileh a nuobe a11'''us can lie well pai:stuired
in the sumnir and wvell'led ill the: win.
ter'. Thmen our1 tables will be well sup
pilie'd with goiod tat, tender' beef,; andI
limit the toot hi extracetinig, gristly- st oill'
we now tir lie lilost, part get. whichi is
an absolute babo' to cat. And theni
the go ld like butter, and clhee'se tomo, it'
the ladies shall dleemi it as coiningi wit hi
in the circle of their' -ightsI. to lilke it.
Thlen oiir v'ilhlages, towns antd cities
would be abuindaintly silulplied with
goo d whlol esoime and cheap but ter', in
stead of'sending thousauds malll tenls of
thousands of' dotllars to thle NorthI f'or
gtosheni11 bt ter ifteni with ain artificial
piriced.
Andat then comes the fltckl (it shteep,
no( t t hrowin tuon the woodii s an easy
prey' to dlogs, but within ent'ltisui'es
both wo od landu and openci fie'ls. W\e
have imch land which inightI. be appro- i
ii'iatedl to the groiwthI of sinuIdI graini anid
wiinter' crop's. AntI here I wouin suia
gest, tothe phC imters 'f' our c on
try, af'tei' thleir crops have beeni madite
on thieiir lands they cultivate, at. a suit
auble time, sow down smiall graiin, gi'ass.
or' w~hatever'l else will grow well ini outr
country', thus aflrd inzg wiinter' pasturii
Ilge fim' sto ck,-b y cutt inig the IiCiril in
the spr'inlg it will give you a gireen crop
to turn unl lder, andi iln this wayi~, r'eno-i
vate aind r'estore' your wtirn andt tiied
lanids, instead of a mor'e expeinlsivye
uiiethiod of mnaiiiiing. \Ve have, in the
numerous varieties of ithe cow- pea, a
l'Lreasure' for r'aisingm stock of every dIes.
er'ipt ion, which has not y'et beent suilli
eien tly est imaoted. \\'heii lanuted by it
self' the peaU will flmaurishi and bea' al'mn
dan tly 111 upon o iooest, soiils; andh as a
renlovator of' exhausted soils, I believe
it to lie' bietter than uano11. At all
ev'enits, it is withiln the reach of' every'
mI an's pur'se, and1( its good efleets are
shouild call f'oi'th the special at tetiond
(ifthle plan ter', if'hle would have finle iit
sheep. It aflbrds a winter fibod for' the
flock, unsurp'iassed by aniy (other'. I ini.
sist upon! it, that evdery planter should
raise lat leaist as many113 sheep as5 will
aff'ord a sufliciencey of' wool with ai lit e
help fro ourii(~I grealt staple, to cloth his
ntegrioes an Id aiflord themi blankets too.I
"1 f'eeh aL deep and abtidinig interest in|
thle prospects and1( success of' tile cot ton|
Djisitricts, anid feel confident that, wool|
gr'owinig wouild aid1 them in timues oif
difliculty anid depresssion, when our
gr'eat staple coitton, is f'orced below its
initrinnio valn, by caus.s ab...a
over which we htavifno ontrol." The
United States imyirt aqiiually a largo
amount of wool. 'If th producer does
not wish to manuficture it himirelf; he
can easily cotivert it into money, which
would be it clear gain. "The growth
of sheep adds to the necessaries of lii.
Nu food is more healthful and delicate
fir the table; no Clothliig more coRn
ortabile for m-in." Now we go for the
imlost part to the North for the latter;
which is ofiete inferior, and always high
priced-coarse woolens, have always
been high priced in our country, since
Northeri man ufactories have sprung
11p), our government, pursuing a par.
tial policy, have protected these North
ern Fzactories, by laying heay (Iuties
upon foreigil goods of the same eharac.
ter, seeking a market in this. country.
This has been a grievous oppresssioni to
us, with our hundreds of tlIousanids of
slaves. Though matters are not so
had now as they have been, yet we
have n1o security f1;)r the futu re.
I have thius hastily deseribed what
eV ery I main nty d fill fir himself. I
cole now 111inally to speak of what we
IoIIghit to fit) in ernnpanies. We muitist
nunmihe1ltcure both cotton :mld woolenl
eo thinig b ar ourilvl'es. I Invinig liail
I4oad fitilities firoi ie Imiiouitains to
the sea-bord.1ai1il the raw material just
it hand, hing streruis, SR ieient to
turn, it ieed be aIs mt ainy Sp iId les i
have given wealth anl Iptila t ioll to
the city Of LOwel, aind hLing opera
tiveI, the ml ost orderly and peaceable
it the wiorld, O we can and must set up
fo' oirsih-es .111( )e n1f) lonigr depend
uiit upoii the North. If there arie no
water' col'5us ill certain vicinitie 1adapt
ed to tile purpose, steaml) will effect the
mrite for us, as it does fbr those, liviig
inl a highler latitimle. (iur plant ters
shloul Ihrm ninnifieturing Comn 11ies,
requirinog the withdrawal of only few
Lo tlii'r liainds fom itheir Ir. spective
latatfions. In a few years, the thee
'f uJll Country woulR h aissLItume a difler
mit aspect, otir popul t iii would SOOn
lilloblle its presenit uliliber, aniid we
kvoul be prepared fmr any% emngencv
i this dav of' propgressive f'olly anid
wild limaticism. A wvorld within our
'elves, We my defv a -world of eie
The signs d' tihe times adllolnish us
lo stre'eht all the resoure's of our he
loved State to) their'I ut most limlits inl all
thlings teindiing to) make u s pierf ectly ini
lepeldeit of those %whRo would strip us
itouri rights, and reducee Its to abject
ivependen lce.
Anud to the Simter Agricuilturial
A ssociation, I woul say, persevere in
ite good Cause you have embarked in.
It. is a toble cause, aind oiie in which all
ire iiterested; leave not that to be dione
by another, which we shoild do our
.h-.Ies, hut eveJ'tr'y 411ie Shld itl con t ribuiate
his mite, however huIllble it may be,
tO the perfection of si) tiolile a work.
"Ile has been said to be a public bene
heto'~ r Who iIaIhCs t.w bl s of grass
gro(w where bit t.one11 grew befire: and
especially is this the caise if lhe not oil
ly efl'eets such a result., but at tie saune
Valuable nutritents to both the pro.
iluets of the frrmter blade as well as
otf tle aaw o1n. 11 0 who calm plant a
new germinating principle, it4 train
one new shoot of' kindly felitg lie'
tweeti citizens1 of' thle saritin C coutry ',
Ieser'ves a stilt higer ee oft Hra sC.
IIioiw niioble thien is thle wo rk befor Pie iuS,
:ut91 hiow'u ipirtant that re.lationiship
exi:-tin-r hietween its, where we cent as
(iur i io~ iiinil this, itei nobles~t, and Iirtst
wa 'rk of taut.
. These A soittions lhtve don e mneth
of~ thle Ni>rthertn Slates oft this I 'niion
'nnh thiey nit ili rthe samIe ii' us ? if' we
wil l bitt. dii ur ihi ity' mu1 atll lend a
TheR~ jmiio(us a pplicitationt of'immm~ires
tip laind. involv'ing as it. doies, te feed.
ing toi pilaiits, is a miatiei' pit the gr'eait
est. pirai tial imporitunele tip the tniltiv'a.
titr of' thet soil. ''lainure is the~ chief
sourle oft Agric'ultur'aI prospeiity; liy
R it eans bha land~ is conve'rtedi inito
hptlted tio yitthl te r'ichest pr'o~d ucts. -
Ot' all kiopwin mt:liore's, none~l areo ot
such vatlue andl iinpi rtan(e as thosre
fro the. sta ble atmd cattle y'ard; tu'
tese are .'aapteid to a gre'ater niumberot
if liicationis and vaiieties of' sioils, andRL
to all phaits anrd mioudes oeitivaitiont.
'True, sublstantceis ar ea equit ly use'ad ais.
tertilIizirs, iimiehti mor'e enlerget ic thanu
tiui ortdinary~ forim y'ard bmanur'e: but it
is onily tip su"pply ai deic~incy of /he la/l
ter or /o ittcas' i:/s ur'/ion. ''These fer
ti lizers are no IIt to be htad~ in suttlieienut
quiatity t nor' 1 is thirI trianSfPoritatio so1 5
easy a- tti .lispeniso wi th the necessitLy,
for stableht muaurle withiout which th~e
highest degre~t'e ofi piodtv enessC~C5 is nev."
er' attainied. anid wvithoutig whichl ill most
ease's Agricuiltur'e wouhil heciiie an uin
priifiaible puirsuit." Aind here I beg
li'avie tio caitl yioil' attention to one1 im.tt
lPiortanrt tact, hitherto neglected by all;
the wiaiste of' vailuable timberi'Il ill'u
counlltry, t saty nothiing of' fi'e wioodu
lhis bteen seriiouisly fetl t ini somec section'is
ailready-; but thtese will niot bie at~pre
ciaited on til our i piopulation slohPl 1 doe
its pre(sentt numblt er. Thenu thIt foflly
aind shoitsighitediness of' this a~ge will
miect with a degree of' cenisure anld te
proach noitI pIlaant, to coittemtiplate.
P re'serve your' forest land, for' the pitr
Ipose of' enrichinug youri worn'i atnd tired
ielids; and~ with a deeIp sutbsoil anid if'
prpitieily Iprepiared bef'bre thle seed is
(deposited ini the ground, the plantteir
maiity reaisionablly c:aleatetO oni tan abuni~d
ailt hatrvest to crown his laibours.
If' the quiestion were askedl, wihat is
it that. isgi viing these Utnit ed Staites an
Iicased nl mportancle int thIt view of
the itat IiRns of thte earth, the aniswver is
ready; it is thte incr'eaasinig ktiowled ge
these inationpis tire gaitninig of the ele
men~its of' ourl fprosper'ity, and thte iuse
we ai'e umiking of' them; they ate be
comting better' acqutainted with us.
.low evident thton. the vast bearing,
of all colletedA kXlaInMt6
sources on the nflLci72of'thinbound
try abroad, lot the ininense cxit4rtlie -
variety and the quality of obr soil, 1-0.
sources, the elements of our industry,
the channels furnished fur our future
devel-penents, all be laid open, spread
out before the world, and leave them
to find the way to the minds and hearts
of our fellow men of every clime."
lie who advocates the Agricultural
interest of a country, is her greatest
benethetor. Ile thus contributes to
throw a wall around his country, mo-e
impregnable than ramparts ofstone,
in the freedom and independence of
her citizens prepared to die in the de
fence of a soil, which yields them an
ample and easy support.
TH SUMBTER RENER.
J, RICIIARDSON LOGAN, EDITOR.
WEDNESDAY, NOV'R, 23, 1853.
To Correspondests.
WVe have several articles on hand, which
would he publikhed if they were accompa
nied with the author's nane-anonimous
contributions cannot he attended to.
COTTON MARKET.
SUMTER VILLE, Nov. 22.
Prices continue to range from 7 1.2
to 9 3-4c.
CHIARLESToN, Nov. 21.
The Courier says-There was a fair
demahd for this article to-day, the trans.
actions having reached fully 450 bales.
The prices ranging from 8 1-4 to 10 7-8c
GenM. Clamsdler's Addrems.
We publish in another part of this pa
per the address in full of Gen. S. R. CHAN
bFLER prepared for delivery before the
Suniter Agricultural Association.
Genl. Chandler is himself a practical
and1 very successful planter and we com.
mend the perusal of his address to all in
terested and think many of our farmers
would find it profitable to carry out some
of his sugirdstioiis;
Time Court.
The Ftallterm of the Court of Cotimmon
Pleas and Gencal Sessions for this Dis
trict closed bit Thursday last after ten
days of continued ahtl active labor, dui-ing
all of which time Judge tLovEn prdsided,
with a degree of patience and cdurtesy;
which won the respect and good will hrf all
who were brouglt in contact with him.
When about to adjourn, Col. F. J. MoSEs
rose and on the part of the Bar asked leave
to express the high gratification they felt
at the services of His Honor. who had now
presided for the first time at this Court
and who by his urbanity, close attention,
and learning brought to bear upon all legni
points at issue, cotmmrnded the admiration
and respect of rat nnLLacsreq estmgRisO
that His Ifonor would -aot rede: tHis tes
timonial as an idle compliment, but as a
just tribute to an ollicer who had well arid
faithfully performed his duty in the high
station, which he had been called to occu.
py.
Juiditi dx~cvtn, ack nowledged with
warmth and1 gratitude his ap~preciation ot
tis ofTring from the Sumter Bar; a Bar,
he had always held in high estimtation, not
only on account of its prominent position
in the profession, but also for the dienmfieu
anid genitleanily bearing be had noticed
during the recent long and laborious term;
trusting that this expIression at their regard
would sustain and enicourage him in the
performance of the duties to which the
L egi la'unre had caulled himt, he begged to
tendler to the memubers cf this Bar the as.
suranuce of his high respect arid regard and
wvarmn appreciation of their kind nffering.
Souath Carolissa Press Associa
tiosa.
We learn fromt a notice in the Carolin.
inn that the first tnniversairy meeting of
thnis associationt will he held at Columbia,
on Wednesday. 7th Deccember necxt, at
11 o'clock.
Th'le Annual Oration will be delivered
in thie evening of the same day by Thomn.
as J. WVarren, Esq.
We hope to he able to attend.
SocuraR AGRieULTURisT.--The Nov.
ember nmber of thus excelleit journal of
Agriculture, Iiorticulture, Ponmology &c.,
is equal to any of the others arid contains
a useful variety of inatter sin all its va
rius branches, and though no practical
tanner, we have read it through with pleas.
uare. We advise atlIlplantersl, gardeners,
anid ladies who have a Hjot houso to
send $1.00 to R. M. STOKEs, proprietor at
Laurensville, S. C., and get a copy.
SoCTn1ERN LITERAltY hiassERsa.
T1hisg old established Journal of Southern
Literature has weathieredl all the storms of
adverse winds that generally assail literary
efnhrts in the South and continues to be
puiblisheid at Rtichmnond, Va. The last anm
ber is an excellent one and as the volume
is about drawing to a close it is a good time
to subscrihe. Jno. R. Tmroatrson, editor.
Price $3.00) in iidvanco.
WmLNu'GTON CohmalRAL.-We con
gratulate our cotemiporaries of the Corn.
mercial ont the enlarged and improved aip.
pearance of this ably conducted paper and
wish them a continuation of bright sunny
dlays of ptrospierity.
E LEcTIoN oF GoVERNsOR.-The offi.
cial vote for Governor is as followvs:
J ohnson, 47,638; Jenkins, 47,128;
Geo. R. Gibmner, d; and John Mv. Becr.
rien, 1. Johnson's majority over
Jenkins is 510, and over all, 504.
The while vote polled is 94,772.
Mhacon ( Ga.) Toeann.
Si ps, beeasource ofgratifletion to
6 and asubject of congratulatiori W ur t
toWnsi en, to notice the largb ath'bunt bf
business done in Suniteiville this Fall4 F
Which encourages thb belief that %Ve 1
are still upon' the bpwai-d niait-h dhd T
likely soon to reach a higher point of pids- t
perity, than the most sanguine of tis look
ed for a few years since. Of cotton there
has boon perhaps less brought to market
and fewer bales sold, than during the same
tihie in tile two previbus years; this may
be accounted for by the short crop made
in the district and the fact that many plan
ters are holding on for better prices, not t
willing yet to submit to the decline on
last years' prices, which they can see no
good and satisfactory reason for. This has
however been no draw back on the town
trade, a number of our largest norchants,
we are creditably informed, have sold more
goods and recelved in leturn a larger
amount of actual cash, than at any lbrmer
period, satisfying us, taut our planters have
arrived at the truth that they can supply
their wants at as cheap a rate in this mar
ket as in any other. A gentleman who was
purchasing his negro clothing itud shdes
here during Court week told us, lie found
them cheaper, than he could procure themI
in Charleston : and why not? most of our I
merchants Jay in their stock at the same
narket as the Charleston merchants, the
additional freight to Sumterville is very
small. on dry good@ merely nomninal,arrived
here they have not more than one-half the
houso rent or clerk hire to pay and the ex
penses of living are less, leaving a very
fair ground to suppose, that they may suc
cessfully compete with any class of mer- r
chants and monopolise the District trade. s
We have no desire to detract from the
business prospects of Charleston and feel c
proud of her as the commercial city of the
State and destined ere long, we confidently
helieve to be the "Queen City" of the t1
South and South-west. lvery movementP
of her enterprising and public spirited capi- a
talists tending to the advancemrent of the
city, we watch with pleasure and delight
and wish them "God speed." Still what I
we have stated in relation to the business ti
of our own town is strictly true and as a tl
public journalist, and well %:isher of the a
pro: perity of our fellow citizeas, it is a r
duty, and a pleasant one. to lay such facts P
before the community, whose interests they 9
v
are.
. ... r
FATAL AcciDrNT-A WAugING.-A e
most melancholy and fatal accident oe- u
eurred on Thursday last, in the neigh
borhood of Cross Hill, about 10 miles 1t
fron this village, which we trust will "
act as a warning to all who use fire. a
arms. The circumstances, as we have b
heard them, are these: g
Mr. John Ligon, accompanied by
William Z. Carter, were out duck huntia
ing, and coming 111 sight of gamei the t
little fellow was anxious to shoot t.
them, when Mr L ii ,kti guli 0
~fiom tumrnid1snitit.onihas arns,
put a cp oi the tub',oeked itana
in the act of returning it, the hanrney
fell and the gun went o, lodging the 0
whole load in the breast and heart of 8
Carter. The little llow immtedte- ~
ly rana towards Mr. L. and exclaimed, E
-Uncle, yout have sho t tme," theni, fel- t
and instatly expired. The agony of s
tminid expetienced by Mr. L. can be n
better iagined than described. 11
The little fellow was an interesting d
and affectionate child, and sad moust be
the hearts of his most estimable par.
emnts; we sincerely sympathize with
thenm in their bereavemtent, and would
remind them that the Dispe-nsor of all y
things gutides ouar destinies, and to hime
ahmew can we only fly for consolation in
anid comfort in our trials and tribula
tionts. -
Thbis sad event shoulmd he a solimn a
atnd iimpresive warning to parents to I
be careful noat to permit their yotung P
P
children to have the use of fire-arms;
while we would remind all older per.
sons who tuse them, that too great care*
cannot be exercised, undler any cir
cumustances, in their mnagemecttnt. a
La urensile Herald.
A-TrAN, November 12.
MfURDE.-E. A. P. White, Da
guerrean artist, was shot last night, by c
a boy named O'dcna, at tihe Exchange
CofTee Uouse, in this city. Three shots
taking effect, he died in a few hours.- b
O'Dena was arrested by the Augusta, p
A tlanta anid Nashville Telegraph Line, i
ini Madison, this forenoon, andi will be t
brought back this afternoon
Naw YoRKc, Nov. 9.
FArA. AcctaZ.r.-John Becker
was run over b~y the ears on the rail.
road opposite Tam many H all, and in
stantly ki!!ed. H~e had been sergeant-d
at-artms of Tammiany Hall 40 years.
A Gts.-One of the 700 Tukrish.
cannoni wh cit guard the Dardanelles is
charged. with 230 poinds of powder,
antd throws a stone shot of one thou- a
sand pound weight. Of cousrse such hi
immense guns are more for-midable in b
appearance than reality, and the firing a
is not unat tended with datnger to their .
own artillerymen.
RETURNicm.--We learn from Phila- a
delphia that Sholly, the slave belong
ing to Paddleford of Georgia, was re- I
cently ran oi,; returned an-l begged to iI
be takim back, saying that he had been
persuaded by white men to run away.t
ils master consented, and he is now I
on his way to Savannahm.
MfAoNEsIA.-We..see it statted that
the "ordinary caleined magnesita, mixed
with water, is considered a certain
antidote to numerous poisotns, especial
ly those of metalic origin, such as
arsenic, corrosive sublimate, sulphate
of zinc &c. In cases of this deplorableJ
kind, two or three teaspoonfuls of
t
~ i tn~ ted, Whieh -ini
robaldig ;will save the atienntu1lb
e doctor ncomee." .
'his is n very awk wa 'way
ulting words together.. 'hen'vr ter
ight as well have said, "willvd th 4
atienl till the doctor comes, wien
here will be no hope ofhito.
Tin, WorN'DEs oF BADYDOM.--A.i
cepondent of the Auburn AdVts
ells of two remarkable bahi '0n
eight mrnth4 old that can sing Moe
han twenty tunes." (Nobody Mrill
loubt the truth of thrtt statemelit).
'he other baby, he says, hs (We years
ild, and never made the Jeati.und,
'not even a whisper." It J , a ake
ipa proper face to cry by, bu cdai4l
sause the noise. Ie also speaks of ami .
>ther in Niagara county thai aint a 1a
)y. Though it is twelve yearl of ge,
,he child never had a tooth 9 a siin 6f
>ne,
A Cool Autswes.
A very cool answer from a soplio.
nore is indelibly recorded among the
ne'mories of our college days.
Professor- had a peculairly red
lose; so red, indeed, that it was usual
y deemed, that the interior of the tem
lc was dedicated to Bacchus.", Upon
his point the professor was peculairly
ensitiwe.
One day a chestnut, propelled by
ome invisIble hand, hurled neross the.
oon, and cene so violently in con
act with the learned itentlenian's bald
ate, that glancing ofn, it spun aImost
'p to the ceiling.
Mr. F ," thundered out the
rofessor "that was you, sir; don't do
y it, sir; your blushes betrays you
"Do you think I blush, siri" mod
stly asked the student.
"Blush!" retorted the Pr, fessor.
Your face is as red as a beet."
"Pa'donl me, sir," replied F., "I
iink its only the reflection of light;
erhaps you looke(I at me over your
ose."-Porland Transcript.
'Old Bull's Concert!' said Mrs.
'artington, glancing up from her knit
ng as she read the announcemenk of
ie grand concert on Saturday evening
nd as she smiled the rediculous fancy
in through her mind, like a grass hop
er in a stubble field, of an old bull
iving a concert. 'And yet it is'nt so
ery wonderful, 'continued she, 'for I
miensber a cat and a canary that liv
d together, and one or tother of em
sed to sing beautilfilly. But I wnider
hat he plays on. 'Ike suggesed thiat
! played on one ot his oin" ' .huin9,
hich seemed to be reasonable. I
m glad he is going togive'hie concert
ecause when I went down to hear a
reat artizen play on a violence, as..
icy called it, though I found ,ut
fterwards it was nothing but a rddie,
icy were'going to thargn a doll :(ilI
told em I wasone ofthe eOM2 o60
Fthe Poiand they let061" -h"
IDn re. W14t- b vey Ot.
ta s'fnn
shouldithink,. and' btt 4'[
verturni tifah for Apti i m .
he closed her citique -ith 7paifh
I stuulf, anld got ont to-hier wires aAili
ke a Telegraphic dispatch, anid~weiit
head, while Ike amused himiself .by
aratchinig his name with a board nail in.
lsagnificent t3oman cnpitols upon 'the
owly pain ed pzatmal ot' the kitchea'
oor.
WVorsaar I Worsuss !
gair Various theories have been started re
ltite to the origin of intestinal worms, and
et the question is still a vexed one among medi
al authorities. Of one fact, however, all are
iformed, and in which all agree-the fatal na
Jre of the influence they exert on children.
.t this season of the year, the attacksof worms
re most frequent. as well as dangerous. Wa
Lke great pleasure in directing the attention of
trents to thne Vermifugo of Dr. M'Lane. It is
lIe of the most extraordinary medicines ever
utroduced to the public, and has never failed
7 success whe~n tried.
I:2' Purchasers will please be careful to
ik for DR. 3ICLANE'S CELEBRATED
'E RMIFUGE, and take none else. All other
rermifuges, in comparison, are worthless. Dr,
1'Lane's genuine Vermifuge, also his Celebra
-.d Liver Pills, can now be had at all respect-.
ble Drug Stores in the United States and
anada.
The above valuable Preparation for sale
y the Agents, P M. COH EN & CO. Im
arters and Dealers in DRUGS AND
JEDICINES, No. 29, Hlayne st. Charles
'm, 8. C.
hanotluer Scicnthific Woander I
IMroRtTANT TO DYSPEPTIes.
Dr. J. S. Houghton's Pepsin, the true Di
istive Fluid, or Gastric Juaice, preppared from
ennet, or the Fourth Stomach of the Ox, after -
rections of Beront Liebig, the 'great Physloti.
cal Chlemist, by J. 8. Houghton, M. D., Phila~~
tiphia. Tils is truly a wonderful remedy
nudigestion, Dyspepsia, Jaundice, Liver .Cos*ut
aint, Constipation ad Debility, curing alber
rature's Own Method, by Nature's 'twn
genlt, the Guatric Juice. Pamphlets, contin.
rg Scientiflo evidence of Its value, furnished
y agents, grafts. See notice among the medica
clvertisements. 8-ly.
HTMEIHEAL.
Married, on Thtursday evening, 3d insi by ~
:phrainm Vauise, Esq., Mr. Lewis LOGax to
ilies I5A5XtLLA Dxanne, all of .Sumter Distric.
On the 23d ult., by Col. Deschamps, (o'qe4
he magistrates of th6 District,) MIss MAI~
tuoENE AnaALtNr, daughter of Mr. Hopkin~i
)aniels, of Sumter, to Mr. Gxoaoz Baotfry t' '
Cershiaw District. '
On the 10th Inst., by Thou. H. O'Steen Esq.,.6
hliss M.tnv GIDDENS to Mr. AARom o
OBITUARY.
Died, at the residence of W n'
hire. Emily Watts, near IMA - tursaP.
he 10th Inst., W, r.: i.i-Bas.4nzs
leseeW. and isa a l.fmI
god bmnar ne oan ad 1? tir