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- - - - p -,. - ;O -'W-" - - r { , I. DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS DEMOCAC R MTS DEOIAY N-W-85 LITER1ATURESCECE1 Wit. j. r.~ x1vc i-, Propralor. a rs~ 'Sa if 4ii-p---- -- - ----- - ---- V.0Z * I ~ Alm M. C LEMENS OF ALABAMA, Qt ee resolition declaring the Com. prmmise measures to be a definitive - ettlement of all the questions grotinq out of the subject qf do emiestic slavery. Delivered in the enazte, December 24, 1851. Mr. Clemens said: -fr. President: If it had been left h mne to determine whether this rea Motionihould be introduced, I would tfi0t p'obalsly have answered, no. Notvtat'r doubted its propriety, nor thatl cieer had any fears of- the con "eqces which might flow from it. t ome of those with whom I have en accustomed to act did entertain .e opinion that it might result in .vi1, nd I am always willing to pay notne respect even to the fears of an aly.. The ' resolutien, however, is how here, and the question is not upon the propriety of its introduction, but qpon, the duty of its passage. 'b, charaeter of the debate which li'm taken place renders it imperative, suao.my, judgment. that it shall be posied. It has beon assailed in a manner :and from quarters which gave to us no astonishient. The dene- we witnessed the other da v du ting -the delivery by the Senator frm South Carolina ~(Mr. Rhett) of' f i hirangue, surprised no one here; kut it would have been a matter of Vrofound astonishment to the country they eduld have been spectators of what occurred. There was the Sen- j itor from Massachusetts, (Mr. Sum- j ner,) the Senator from Ohio, (Mr. Chase,] and the Senator from New (Mr. llale,) gatherel t of fraternal ring, abou ' While the coun1tVece of th to ...Am New Y -4,-. ' . > idiant with gladness. Thus nay i exhiited the spectacle of an1 extreme L idouthern &nator denouneing, ii I no measured terws, the govermunent I of his eauntry, and declarimg himself I a disunionist, on account of alleged Wrongs heaped upon him, with four da rabid abolitionists, as this land con. I tains, drinking in hsis words with I eager approbation--applauding, cheer po ing and encouraging him. All this wqas nothing new to us, however I strange it may appear to the plain and honest yeomany of the country. Nur was it, when calmly considered, I at all unnatural. .A fellow feeling Imake4 u. woldrous kitMil." 4 There is a sympathy in treason as te'eln as in knavery; and those who ai'oearnestly striving to aecom;nlishI the same end need not (uarrel abcut thQ separate means employed. e senior Senator from South Oarlina, (Mr. Butler,) to whom J never allude except in terms of the highest respect, has questioned the propriety of this resolution, because, e' says, it can give no additional validity to the law. True, sir, it cannot. But it can and wsill do something better. It will give an assurnrie to the country that we intend to put an end to agitation. It ill strike from the hands of the demagogue the most potent weapon with which he is armed. The Nor-. thern freesoiler is daily proclaim(inlg that there is no obligation upn -him to abide by the Compromise, be cause Southern meni arc determined "to uproot and destroy it. In proof . of. this he cites thme resolutions of * iBouthern rights associations, anid the Sspeeches of Southern rights orators. TLhe Southern secessionist tells his hearers that the Compromise is a nullity, and cites in his turn the acts and declarations of his Noithecrn dolaborers. Thus they go on, each party playing into the hands of the 4ther-each one furnishing the other with the means of rousing and keep. ftg alive piublic distrust and enmity. If this resolution is passed by such a majority as-I trust it will he, that game will be at an end. The friends of law and good order can point to a substantial assurance that the penace of the country and the existence of thme Union shall not again be put in jeopardy. I was no friend of the 4Jompromnise; nor is it necessary for mie to say that I do not approve of all its parts. I believe that. by that settlenment the North acquiredI more ~an shre was faiirly entitled to, and thtwe lost more thnm we Ought to hiaue been asked to yield. It is onuo thing, however, to resist the passage of-a law, and qutie anoithecr thing to red4st this law after it has tpasedi'. Wheu~'n thl~)e bills had l ceived the sanction of tle President, the only alternatives which presented themselves to mind were acquies. ence or revolutin Before revolution was resolved upon, I felt it to be my duty to examine in what manner th'e bills were passed, and against whom the war was to be levied. The result of that examination proved that if wrong had been -done, the South as well as the North had par ticipated in it, and that if secession was the remedy, we must secede from Southern as well as from Nor. thern States. I intend to take UP those measures one by one, and show the manner in which they passed into laws, riot for the purpose of importiog any information to the Senate, but mainly to place upon the record, in a convenient form for reference, facts which I sincerely wish were in the possession of everyI man inl the South. Let no man alt tribute to me any special design to Conciliate Northerni men bv what I am about to say. I have said the san2 things where there were no Northern auditors, Ito NorthIern sympathizers. It is not at all my itrpose to Idefend the North. I iave no intention of removing from lie shoulders of* her peiople one feati cr's weight of blame which justly at aches to them. They have Soine imes exhibited a rap acity for the iublic spoils which no one has col lemnned inl stronger terms than I .iVe. But while I will iot assail vithout cause. I intem-d to be ust to them, as I hope to receive ustice at their hands. The a4lims. ion of CalilorIia, lowever wron g in tself, howeve-r baneful in its illiu nees, mas Ino case of Northern ag ;ressuoio. I know the charges has $$$$5 3 forteduntil it ni paiion of i J :.ii iit; but that ily prove-Cs tie einaijty vith which *en will cling t( a cherished Fase-Z Oti. Let Im recapitulate thie Ls. Tihe adukissi: in of Califoria has first recoinIucitle l by a 6onth rn Deunoeratie\, President. Jas. . Polk sent lor the Senator fromi ilinois, (aM. Dughls,) and re u Iested him to taw up a bill for thatI IuIpose. It is t rue, the bib pre tared by tie Senator fromn 11iinois vas a b'tter bill thai the one whsich ipall passed; but that does not at eet the presenlt inq -uir*y. It rcco iised, it did not establislh , the pi-' I :iple that the people of any part of lie J)l.ic territories have a rigdit, un ler peciuliL.r eiciemostalices, to de nun 1 aduniittaIce in to tie UliioU Svithou t any previous Law of Congr1mess mi-iorizing theni to adupt a Conistitu1 tiou, antd withult an V Cilinulmation of nhIiabiitants. It practieally asseited tlat the only iuestion Congress was bound to ask befure adint ing a State was, Is her ecnns tit ionI re piblicant?"'' and that all iiregulritiies might be waived wi en the pulblie goUd j required it Congress did not act as Mr. Polk desirel. The next step was also taken by a Southern Presid ent. Glen. TPayh r cam ini to oilic, anmd ieconnu enided the al his siion of California as shei is. r to this time the N orth had umnifestedl nto eagerness to bring in Califonia. Soutthiern meni only lad mouved in the matter. Nor was thiere Leien at any time anyvthinIg like uniaiiinios oppiJ si tion on the par~ t of the Souith. When the bill was linally: passed, eigrht of the IifteeiiSothen States lurniishedi votes for it. KentunckeV gave seven out oh ten, andi Tlennesse'e sevent out of eleven in the I louse of R~epresenitatives, thus showinig a de cided ma~jori ty inm iothI States ini la vor' of the bill. With wihat appear anice (f truth, then, cani it niow lie assarted th at tthis is anm umniti gat ed case of iNorthien aggi ession, and11 that we of thle South have been robbed of terri tory aiiCjiired mainlv by Southern blood andii Suther'ni treasure. No two States in this Unmionu acqij ired imore glory di nig the Mexican war thani Tlenneissee and Kentuctkyv. Eaich one of them fur niished four regimieints of voluinteers, exclusive of their duo propor'tion of regulars, anid both of them maintain ed on every field the high character they had won ini previous wars. The bonmeS ohf any a gallant 'Tem..o;sean iow lies bleaching beineathi the walls of Monterey amnd thme paiss of CeXrro (Gordo, amnd the flel of Buena itawas madle red with the best blood1 of Kenitucky. Cani it be be bvedl that the people of those States, v, ho s dauintless cour~age has nhast passed into a proverb, should iot only be willing to submit to a. shatle less robbery of rights - thus dearly purchased, but that they should themselves aid in that robferv, and become a pi ty to their own 'degra tion? No, Mr. President, tle truth is, it was a difference of jiidgnent merely. I thought it wrong to admnit California, and voted against it. They believed it to be in accordance with the great Democraticprinciple, that people, whether few or ir.any, are entitled to a government. Cull gress had failed to give California a government, aund they felt. bounid to recognise that which the people had established. I do not inteial to go into any inquiry as to how far the position Was a sound one. I - (lV intend to show that, whetlic Cai ifornia came into the Union rightly or wrongfullv, the South cannot so Cede fronm the ULnionl on that accainati Oecause we should have to Lin''ill the work at honc, I1' we have been robbed at all, Tennessee atl Kentneky are more to haine than Indiana and Illinois. They are not only nearer neighbors, ulit theo.v have interests identical with otrs; and we had more reason to demani (f them that tlaey shotuld with iealous vigilance our com1inon1 1 ts. ft seci.s to ine that this is a dilent.a Fromt which no semcssiisijt canl (s. napte, and that it at once rcdhtees ceessiol to ai absir dit)'. Tlhe Senator from South 'Carolinia r. 1iett) 8:'s thie ad mi SO'n of* malifliulia was un1lcotistitutional, h. 'ause thi3 CostS ituti)ni provides ln '6r. the admnissi.an of S/ates. ] I md not heard this argumicat ad 'anced at home by abler mena than he Senator, I would not Ilesitate to IaOiuce it preir ioisaens. r k>nstitiui - ovidvs (,:Idyv4r~. iiission cf, a State. Ti:.: ; but it is lie act of almission which ma'kes it a statc. Some thirty three years ago, '01n. sir. were sitting in a conveitionl a the theni Territory of Alah :. ou a6ked to be admitted into tle Ilion. Did you inine tht you vere comimiitting the fally of asking : hat which Congress la:' io ight to , ant ? Suppose sonic enere had -isen in that convcntion and infOrmed on i that the Constitutioit pidd >Ily for the adinuissiona of at - .hIa t Alabaa a s a Terri1or, \ ' haere''ore couhl not he a hnitted iinto le Unlioni-vhat would haw'v'e beein VOtII' Opinion. n-ot mer'el y of his Con. titutianal learning, bUt of his e !i ? s e1e romt I t i eri d tO Lis, -Sidah oily a short intermitsin, Von lave held a seat in this. 1 h. las it ever occurredl to vou that' vu were here 11u stitutionaly, inu tlat in the very act of t aklin ag ynom- i at yi violated the inlstruminiat von WIr SWornii to spilpo1rt ? 'hihere :me bIut thr tee Cases, I believe, in our Lis tory, inl which A'(ut/es have been ad mimtt ed into the nTiiion-V r nout, Kentiey, anad ITexas. All tile rest came in as Teriitories; and if the po si tioin of the Seator' fromi Sou th Ca ioliinta he' correct, the eari! f La miers of the Conutst i tutjain knev n9 thng af the faudtaetal~i law they estab.lh~ihed. .U lt, sir., wh ile the :i at~or fiant Southi Caralinma deies to Cai liria the righat to coime in bI caause she v as; noEt a Staite, hu vet con tends, w ith that remiarale cin sisteneiy which ebanracterizes man i ofic the (aphonientS of the cotlmrii Se. that M :semri dlid have thi.!.. Now,- sir', the oily dii rence th tu cases is, that Mlisau:-i hal a r'da lIa taever hali. .leut ht y wer tI ll Tecrritoies, necverthael ss.'mo *.) ither-i peolle of botha ado.tcud a cons.ttitiona ad senat at Iee- i for a*-ovi; uh appruovedl they both becamiic~Edi :ta3, but not unatil thIm. Thle niext in-asme a to whlich l a.-e tiona is takeni is the territuriial h~iiui o Ltahu. I iiaight purtsule th ton hueiC ia ad ar-gutnent Ihemre as in thle er:se of California , and shoaw that the Sautlh passedl that bill, and if. it robs us of iany right, we robbaed our selves. - 'fTere was niot an abolidtionist or' free sailer in eithieir brnatch of Conagress who voted for it. Tihere were hut two Southierni Senators who voted atgainist it., and thtese two, I helieve, were given fupon tho groutnd that theyv ddnot have muchel fatith in the ea pacity of' the Mormons for self-gov ernmentt. 1 voted for the bill, and the pillars of' the Monthieen ei~ito church voted wilh ine. The eat from South Carolina was n ."'j here, but he nlow undertake tu Ca it a robbery, and, with in 1'. N4ab arrogance, deniouices Il th e w)) dili'ler with him as kIaves or. os. - I give him the heniellt of It 'ow words "Are not tle people or tis-4nslavt holding States practically eftlude by these comproiise incasuz , frir cololizilg. ope alcre of theso Teri:i Ies ? Si-, no inaz of e nmin l:i esty, or of anly honesty at a ivlt understatids the inatter, can 8ayJ tch are lot.' I have said repeatedly, Ier ani elsewhere, thiit we are as freg to g', to tihat Teritory whieL L4 beei ihrmied Since tile adoptiot" f the Constitution; an1d, altihoug-rh 1-94n not mt11re Sen1sitive than other inein.I do not like to have such a16ia, ap. Ilied to Iny Ilblisded opininiti. ' The Seiato r inust allow 1ne, howev -, to conisule nself with tie refl tion, that his judijment is not in lible; tIa'it o0 Imatter by wi hat san -I. ie a.yv i1Iie himself no tat by what Stailard' lie nmy hei 1m10Aenreul constitiitnig thcl, rest ot tihe -6 6titside the limis ofi is 1 t1 te, 6t-e s a prevalent opinion that te tiir wouldl niever himrve created' N4 kin..11mi of Lilli; ut itsefl. jet better li n I t l. ; I I h to. aouth Carolina. I stuldied it !o-nttion-he to find 1d1111t. I read fromu tho laiw it self, to, what are tie provisiOs of thy Lte Sanict provisio i3 Iire il tlt{ Mexicai hill-onae is aliIoiubt 1.in .Lct copy of the other. f r. Dotiuas.. Al ol co Elie ntanics anw! J ri of bounIida. ries. Th.rovi to the Second Ieccion " A ni1 p'rrii1, f)ther. T hat wihiein ateited a :rtam , said Territo ry, or niiy lortio f01 the ''sam, Shiall bie ieceived i to tlie Uioni, with or witiut slier. as their contiutmien may pr-'c ih. at the ta:e of its ad lissiol." i i3 a guarantee which e have overmen~~ct. It is, the lhst tune ini hm- history thmt the Noth hias p-ro. elimedt.- is adice the -iir d:tentuiina tio tolea.: he us~onto hevreg.el ite by" thle p-oole If thle Te1.1rtory. L uw thr is a lik prVi.iI inl the hll :t.:i Tx; but Ispo ak .w fli Terrii e iI Unie, m11t h, the artitioni of Sttes. Jhit tli. is not all. Ii 1 iOderstmal the v'S of thit enatr c rectl, lie m:initains tlut the Ciistitutiniu of the nI'ted Statspotects ou0p111t. i avs maIl that, whre1v cr th ('isiitjti .s2., 1im t rItt I e iI v t exit s. 1 a rt-e w;t hI.im fal::%, :i1 1 aal en tavr to shw thIat the liui Coi gresd03wel..ot uiwiliil of uti-y in terests ini tis res ct. Not tutisfied with decIlail:.g tht the TIrritory iiht comez ini as a S~tt, rith or without silaIvery. as the peoph shioul ect, they~'Ci wen lurthier, mtil.for the pupo Io meting. the objectiIn that the Me~xicant laws were ini free ini the Teic ltoies3, thecy einactedc iin the seven teen- th stection of thaiit lili. th at "the Conistitu tion,a and all lamit of the IniteId S-taites not locally imppllic.a riseet is h ewhere w'ihithiited 11 lc e i (an1- exressl ai etnexiefte IiuItitut~in and~il~ hiof the 'ntedc .!ufe- Iv s ~the Ticth rl:iu in of isiiTh duiiaryj s ac-i for hie rh cry Ls pri des ii ihr the~ - trill: also ior the trial of the title of- ad verse ehdi:Lants. ITe ful'.itile slani bid goiis beyoundi the wordsth of the C'onstituttini andt say's that whenti cState or* Te~rriory shall ecapie, ke. he. sh all be de lLlivered uip, ke.~ Th< Iletteir of the Cotnsti tutiti didi not rec cj'ire thde words 'or Terriitocr)' to bcc iniserited ini the fugiive slave bill. Wte hlave butt foutr Teritori .-Nes ta. In (Jregoni and M1inniesota slav<c ry is pr-ohiitd by law. if it is als priohibited in Utah mnd New Mexiet uihicte was the necessity of- is -rtin r a provision that slaves escaping .from a a Territory should be delivered up? I The supposition is a :tultification of a Congress. It, thus appears, Mr. C President, that not only was this bill - passed by $dtirr votes, but that it was framied to suit the taste of Sonth ern1 men, and to obviate every rea sonable Southern oljection. I shall I not discuss the <Juestionl as to wheth k er soil and climate have excluded us from the Territories. Mly opinion is, that slavery will go anywhere where it is not prohibited by law. That is immaterial. If God afid nature hai~e excluded it, we have no right to murmur at the decree. All we had a right to ask was, that Cm grievs should not excludo it-that Congress should recognize our equal rights. When that was done, as I believe it was done, it then became a q1uestion for (lie Jeople of the Territo ry, and.to them I an willing to leave it. It may be well.enough to men tion a strange dilfeence- of opinion between -the Scnator andi his aboli tioi admirers. There is riot one of them who has nut told his constitu ents that the passage of these bills n"as a triumph of the slave power. But recently I saw a letter written fron New Mexico by an abolition enissarv r .. p-' in Mount eI 1 ; that emi . A% i.i' _ij ri denLIIilicree-, am- t believed his lin ger'stay there would be only a useless waste of his time and their thine. INow whether lie is right in his suppositiot or not I do not know. Jt is sufilcient for me that the bill ontafivnio exclusion of Southern putt itt3 not a Northern proviso. The next measure of which coni phiint has been made, is the bill set tlng thle boundary of Texas. Well, sir, it so haptpens that this als'o is- a S uthern, not a Northern measure. It was introduced by a Suuthern man, passed by Southern votes, and ratified by the people of the only Sou:hern States who had any direct interest in it. I ft frther happens that Mr. Clahoun, the great leader of the South during his life, has left on record his deliberate opinion that Texas never had a shadow of title to one foot of tue territory we surren dered to the General Government. Ile asseited that the true boundary of Te.as was the middle of the des ert between the Nueces amd the Rio Graide. We gave to Texas nine hildred miles on the IRio Grande, whieb, in his opinion, did not belong to her. Yet his especial disciples - mien who have assimed a guardian. ship over his I'uine, endeavor to stul tify him by declaring that the title of Texas was indisputable, and that we have shl slave territory to free soil. Sir, I believe I loved him better while living, anid respect him more now, thran ay one of those who make use of his namne to give respectability to treason. lie was never a a es sioniist; and I am an'thorized to say that the proof u ill befo long be giv en to the worl. lie regarded the [a ttemapt of a sing~le State to gro out of the ... Uionu as madness, and- died in that opinion. I pa i ow to the consideration of the Fugitive Slave hill. It is assertedi with a degree of confidence calcubited to iampose upon1 the counl try', that it has not been executed, anid cannmot b~e. My uderstainding .f the facts is w'idely differnt. In the north west 1 recollect no instance ini which it has not enforced.I reco leet mny in w hich it has, in ciinig someit from my own State. That it hars been occasionally evarded ini other places, is true; and that ini some inistanlces it has been resisted by vitilence, I (do niot deny'. But that was to have been expected. It is, rad always will be so, of all laws ii a counitry like ours. No man ever believed, when this law was pass0e that it woul be executed in every inistance. No man ever be lieved s') of any law framed by the Wusdom of mtan. It is sufficient that this law has beeni excuted as faith fully as other laws. Occasional fail ures by no means warrant anmy one -ini asserting that it is in effect a -(dead letter. There is not a law upon our statute-books which is not seine ,timues evaded. There is not a year in wthich crimuinals do not ecapo tho penalties Pt*' ribad by ,they a1t a gainst inud 4a that is nofeason for. the releid ir-law is bet ter that thed hFq f the, iti4oafisioald be impor&etfi oteCted "than;not piotected at' Bo', i the proeeu case, it t.e es not 'seilrotfe certain re Y ffdUiti9 it does as. i inan,14w 040,n do;- and lie true- in dut 'te way the -o o, tdhat' ohrtern inai who.desrutf eontinuauagitation about it. % Mr. Psidd, i ih it-alyity.re membered tliet tiis resoltioni -ro poses no apg ao ir'the Comproblise. Any itfif lo nieaiy neaniPt ccadse agitation, canAeiitioely vote for it. It s notluig 'ut a pub lie dectarationi iln to sb; mit to tho law.and jthe Voice ofthe people.- Wo ask.no: man to retract I any former opinion ho mhy have e peressed. We ask no man to join in praises of measures he -has con- I demnhed. We ask only-that- hereaf. i ter this disturbing questiotv shall be r laid Art 1esit. We, wio6 ae "'the i victors in the struggle, teder' the I , , ,!,;.-. J , Aivvc-braneht to our latepient, and, forgetting the bitterness= of ' the past, offer -them a future of V harmony upon terms o-easy !that t Inle but a determined agttot- ooan reject them. A Southerin makes li no sacrifice by 6gieeing to acqniesce I1 in the Compromise; for, g-hting that 0 it be as objectionable as alleged, d still the objectionable . parti .dre *a irrepcalable, and that wi i, good y only remains under thc: control- of ti Congress.- California is a sovereign e State, and cannot. be disturked ai The Territorial bills for Utah &W V New Mexico include :an, exptess / Rantee that tho'! P oWIor-Ihie P the' Fdgtd -, end t law to abolish the s oavo '-da ,p this District. Then, let .me what -possible objection ao o~t'ett mnaf can rlve to this' isolution, V unless he desires the- repeal -of re the Fugitive Slave bill and the 9 (Cestruction .of the. Government? - I did not vote for t.ie' abolition 'f b the slave trade in the District of Co0 lumbia.-I thought it Wrong foi r Congress to meddle with it.' I think it wrong now. But I would noA to- 0 lay vote to repeal it. It is oue.. of 'e the series of measures upon. -.which tl we rely for a settlement of the diffi et eilties which existed between ,th. North and the South; and however " wrong I nght believe it to be. still, t as a settlemrent, I intend to abide by it. Moreover, it is precisely one of -f, those cases which may with peculiar q, propriety be left to the decision of the T Supreme Court. It can be deter- ti mined there without agitation-with- 'st 3u t stirring up the embers of section. ti 11 strife; and to that tribunal I pro- Il pose to leave it. While upon this t ibject, let me retwok tmt this bill seeirms to have beten strangely :isun lerstood. It ir nothing na E it legislation of Congress. It hn~s been ii the law of the District for' hLfy years,y excelpt as to the States of Virginap and Maryland. After Virginia re aeived back her portio6s of the Dis- fl trict, it applied also to her~ Alt the last Congress did war to-make it ap- I pl1y also to Maryland. I do not -" mean, of course, to say these are the - wordls of the bill, but that smdch is the *' only effect. Thb citizens of North Garolina, South Carolina, and other States, have been denied' the righit of bringing slaves into this District for sale ever since the year 1801; and m throughout that long period we have I. heard no mnurmner of comlhaint. It is 't too late now to seize upon it as- an excuse for agitation. The Senator from South Carolina did not content himself with coin plaints upon the subject of slavery alone, lie reviewed the financial policy of the country, and found op. '5 pression anid robbthry even in the-tar ifl of 18413. Now, sir, I have al wvays understood the tar'iff of '463 to - be a- democrhtic tariff. It has been a standing chai'ge against the deinoc: racy in certaini quarters that by that act we reduced the rate of duties too much. '.lhe Senator himself was then a member of the llouse of Rep resentatives, and voted for it. By reference to the Journal, I find that the wvhole Souith Carolina- delegation voted with- him. If, therefore, it bd unjust and unequal ib its operation% that Senator has much to answer for. lie is the last man who should at chief part W14ll~a~c'' ilemofner orevur thi"r- of hfrw t~~ rk ti ao, kfso 'n ,ilp as hell'fl~~~ 2111 come, ad tIhoketn f' Wt Might, It shall p brIthe bosom of aU. , will ftrery depnsi l - aeshave subsided, ti'pon ' 'o id in which no clove Z~~ 60 ia igle, gre-ei bot, 6 Ai heurtqs of -the wqzjere~ M brdeflbt to e,9t&j_t'fi nd somfetimes from a~dut.1' ropo*, voi ~wa t ~it e io argutneata by wicefil ti I.l i ~ 9to b a id er -Wio' r ' -~ *1 sdii q N~ ot.A. lij 4lo ~ ~ h~ X.6,o oorft9I~ 44ic% 6tLWt *U~burcty, 6c anf. lU'o th iktb6.~~~ Cetriltli-c. tfat no rw idei and if it' had beefi, (C jv6'lAii Idig4,21AtW Of P;~ Mii6km4 ('11A nluuity merely 'hu ,,i- *' i tv Aifiw~j ti eiv Opa A4p'o ( AS in--, or prOpo463& ,dA thilift~ed Gw theIr Riut6~ tuds ot'the cons untiof, 1ri CYe h dii RObrn-( )j~w S , hflt stagi~ NUI ieti.f Cc- i o tL~t t~~