University of South Carolina Libraries
"w "rY' 1 t l tt , "? 'tl 1 f i W1w Sl r,' JI 4M4 t t Yr y'I t " YCV ry eyA j , fr1 Lam. y ?: i : t ? Y I ' t%1 F, Y litit'I i" F ,..; 9, rX TI t .,. 4 p L, } ayV, cr 'r] ty T.'N C+ li lf_ fY ,.fy ''i I 4'.A r.r;r !RI 'J'I t1r'F, ut1"i C 'R t it , c, "." t f ;t >"4- 1t . wx rr }, " -; y Y Si t f t f, :[" dy " r ?' 'rrl h t sti "y Ct ^ :Y 'y.i,( i t, ' f ; "" r n W'l '(( !"rr4 f l o .il-zti ,} lf,. c re'' t t , 'r 4 . , ,,+}w t;+' ,t k- 1 4 St , $ },, Y ti'"g it 1 ' "'1 ++ ^ t p ' .tk i .. i- ",, t .H- f-,.4t- ..rYS,,jf w. ! ..t 5 .;f11bR y -y yf2 s r 1 v+ i r- " '' t C 1 k + t J f1t',"t r ",. .11 C}' w "It. r , lr . r, fr} y. 1ti..h ' t t' r!- J" y'(+' r ' r u 'ti ' ,-" 4 is4t. ,. , , t t tr f C ir'& v. '!''ItL r .r ti t r 1e ( - t- >, r ti. ut .', t 1 ! "7i " : 1 '!17'.W. ti'..C' + 1 y;; }}+ ' h ; + 'r i... ? 3, sit. JiJ ! .ri , .E - t !! t 1l''i " " ;? , (! "? .Y. Q f' i) t .' ti " i 4 . ' K "" , '{Jr r 1 S , rL IT E R A T U R E , - n t . y ,"s"Nys yy Yrfg "S'''" 1t. law ',.. T.:q +,.r' " 17 i ( "Nbv yV .'1" ti '7 ii FI- lq r , ,-. - .VS i r f' ; _ta.s r.tP z ;'b..tt tL "!T i :A"LfA ."" 1' (t , ilE " ."!'f, 't^':. "4 . r '~ 1 , t '. t/ + y.J . , +I' ihl "'t . I;ll. +1". "i " I 1 t\ Yit.:. i" 1 '11" R .1... ,l.t. .l .I :IfI,! S' i + i Y F. 1+ fis i ( ' 1 Ih. :k^ '. r~ t r ,r '11 - + ',} 1 ? : t-"l- +l . . t' ? ; , 7- M,'} ., n1 F .::''t f (. t;,+a St f .' i - A-.( '".p y , 1yy Y i,,.TT t, 't yt , "_{ S . 1 Y1 ,5f,. 11 ( ,s} t , CI, ,^',iil'rp ./{t 4, y' . 9r j,, R , l .i,,i.t', 4v}. S' :t ty "" 'r i (' y! 'tt. i. 1 'Vnf "iM 4\'d _YS (i' '1t i. t w , { t /' i r ~ t i it, T + T K' ,1 ' , - J" . + , , .i ;+ Vr .1l p. ' .1 r 11 '! t . 34 x.,' +/... (.1: t 3t7 rr ' ,"i7 1. 1 - i: Q M t 4 t7t S 4 1 R. t 1 t, 1 h Y , r '6 t ,11 h . - t - t .. . J 7" tY ' _ ".,A.tt"k t.i j; t t 't ,'i yr '11 piS } ' Y rc('1 G ; A f r; '"f I f + 't ; 5 t ',"l ;'^ ', r F^Xt."l.- t <<." .i. ; st, ." ,t i .(' ,,, 1 ' t '11 ' ! " F"} c Y! t .+Z . r t / s , ,, N { _ f eft $U1IITE vX sN ER " 1 I C. be Of n 1e 1lUU 1',1i{:17 i'1 o'sa. lX1ewn as coinosc uthe r 'pure i 'o Who n opui~!Ir onc t I.mo Ca n ?, h fl 0 9 01 1 lijnd4 izt in iteo r eetiolynd ntend:av -" nbt1, ebt hatve _ been lead a esode enini~util thive e fi ed thespace 1 ofit tooc. t t ecesionists, so far as I 1htif c.' teiir:dtrlltit length upon 1lich have been inflicted zt., and upon the right toWecede. When thiey 'iga these propesitions, they noia ant uchoro to say, Now, eJ lioybose secession, begin ex ctly whee they leave off. 'No re pect able party in South Carolina e.'js that the South has been ag. ' 'by the-North, and that we pie cause to resist the gov it hich has oppressed us. ty in South Carolina denies State has the right to secede. e ther is the necessity-of deba tha. which all admit 1 Why in e the public mind by dwelling -i that which we all feel and feet ply ? These are not the ques ns ;but how is this thing to be medied ? This is the question hich concerns us and concerns our earts. We say by limited southern rotion, which we hope will end in a Southorn Confederacy. Our oppo ients say by separate State seces ion, and when asked what then ? hey say nothing that is definite. rhey are utterly unable to tell the )eople what is to be the end of this solitary movement. One man advi es a scheme of smuggling, another tdvises perfect Free Trade, anothor Iim n - ' ent. T'- '1" a: . . 'an recoim'nends to the people any -:r icular ieasure, he is bound to 'v 'he w-rk !;s of his scheme and e reslits. If he cannot i not ood adviser, and L Ilave the se ti'? 'They lie t.ir r evet interrni ..g Qinieicc ays another, the other Southern tates will not see us hurt says a bird, and when it is gravely suggest. '-d and plainly j.roved, that neither ::ngland or the other Southern States '.nr or will help us if we persist in sie mad scheme, we arc told ith 1;uch fervor, " a brave people take : counsel of their fears." Well, his is all very well in the stump and nary bring downr a round of applause; St does it satisf'y the mind, anid will t:itisfy the people after they have >eei.:r deceived into the rash step) ? It S flmr, a bravo people take no coun el' f' thir fears, but a wise peole nt: aln a r s look to the conrsequrences )t a mvenent, anid in forming a nra ional chrmacter, wisdom is, at least, is imIe.rumt as courage. Thie peo 'le have a right to know where they iro beini;; le to, arid when they ask heir leadm tor explain the dlifliculties iech sepa:rate nationality presents, * 'n , ' -redl " take nio coun v~ 'I ,ir '-," " mercenary argu V 'wy have good reasonl t thy cr being dceiv. Ltrefuse the blind re too influria. - ful conse tey of, tbeeni incorporateu oi the neigh orinig nai'tionst, becarise tire rest 0 urrrope will not pei h it., anid so o Jelgiumn and aiu the srh.4ler States hrey maintain their srat~iuo nation ality pot frqipan inh en streng't sh'ii.h they possess, hu: b"ootse it is igainst European poliev' to perini thermn to lie Subgthi~ed, A' .1 irene rhe: o nations mnist li' & aitttaned in the contemptible condition which bey iu4 ' occupy. They are znations of sefferance. And wha ts thiebal noe of power, but the confederative system ,which obtains in iese United States, and which the separato nation. Ality'of South Carolina will destroy in these Southern slaveholding States. Break up these Southern States into separate independencies and the in stitution of donestic slavery is doom. ed. Separate South: Carolina from these Southern sisters and the first Southern soil devoted to abolition will be that of orthodox South Carolina. It must be so. Destroy this confed. erate, this balance of power system, which keeps together and preserves our slave Union, making it too strong to be injured either bv t0 newcrs within, oi the enelo pt. and one by one the-:e s1 el w n S will fall ready . ;guis. ed policy of sa na, . South C aroliln:i iret to b sacrificed, separate il bring upon us e--r complain, it eithei hurrics Upon u. abolition, or to prevent so fearful a catastrophe, forces our people to come back to the protecting circle of these Southern slaveholding States, with crushed and broken hearts, a humiliated and degraded race. I for one cannot consent to lend my aid to bring our beloved State into a po sition so fallen. And I have a strong confidence, that the people will not be so blind to their honor, dignity of character, intelligence and courage as to permit themselves to be hurried, by a species of fanaticism, into a .1-. Col.:' emmiiiger's .pcceI. The i ddressfrom the Conmmitte of Vig ilance haring been read, concluding with the nowrination o' the Nlon. Wm'un. Ai:en and Ilon. IW. D. Porter, as Candidates for the Southern (ongress, Air. Menninger at -esscd the wr!t. ing as faolotes awl nommiation which have just been submitted. I rejoice that the Con. mittee have united in recommending two gentlemen, so well known to us, by a life of public service and of de. votion to the public interest. In the stake w hich they have in the commu nity, and in their common sympathies and opinions, we feel that they are thoroughly united with us, and to their integrity and zeal for thre public goodl, we can safely entrust our dear est interests. It may not have occurred to all who hear me, that this election is o1 great importance to our State. Cas ual observation mhighut lead to the be. lief, that inasmuch as this Co:ress will never meet, it is useless to mnake any selection as to the inh who are to b~e its nomninad members. liut let it bc borne in mind, that a Conven tion of the people of this State has beeni ordered by thle Legislature, which will probably meet beflore any* further expression can be hadl of th'e public voice. Tfhe delegates to this Convention have been elected by a mrere fragment of the people, at a time when they were njot aware of the momentous issut~ s before them. This Convention will undertake to decide the gravest question ever brought before a people, namely--the change the whole frame-work of govern ent ; anrd not only this, but the uaally grave, if' not graver question, rethrer a new n~ation shall take her place among the nations of thre world. Upon these great questions, wicih of 4.fellow-citizens, had made up u ids, wrhen you voted for dele tea9Nay, how many of you voted all Thedelgate eletedrepre at aout Qone-fourth of the voters of our )htrict, and mnaiy of them do0 nai present more than three or four hundred voters, out of three thousand. Tfhe same small minorities elected delegates irn noar!y every District in crested, s abotit ea ior destiny. The present election furdishei the one ly probable op aonnit before the micting of this Coivd ox, for the people to declare their will.. It has been loudly asserted, that'a majority of our iople are in favor of imme diato Secession fron tie u1nioni and both parties have turned to this. elec tioi to ascertain the fact. You will perceive, then, at once, that if the advocates of Secession elect the membor8 to the Southern Congress, it will confirm this assertion, and in all probability will induce them to carry out their- measure as-speedily as the Convention can be assembled. You- are therefore, in fact. now de termining the question, w)"her S. Carolina shall at once se.. alone from the Union. In deciding this question, it is im portant that all linmriers should be re ioved, which prevent you from look ing directly into its whole merits. One of the most formidable of these barriers, is an -impt-ession that the State stands committed by pledges to take separate action, which, as men of honor, her citizens are bound to redeem. Let us, therefore, in the I first place, examine the facts, and see how, and to what extent, the State stands committed. We will go back as far as 1848. although that date is two years ahead of the late action of Congress. At I the session of the Legislature in De cember, 1848, the following report and resolutions contain the action to which the State was pledged : MIract from the Reports and Res. l the 1.. m " ~ 1. t ?:' dt .... -.*. etim great principle of equality, which South Carolina has so long and so ardently maintain ed should govern the action of the States and the laws of Congress up on all matters affecting the tights and interests of any member of this Uni on. - the territory recently acquired fromi Mexico, has passed, and that this General Assembly. representing the feelings of the State of Souti Caro liniai is prepared to er ateI'J3CP(I' With her sikw States, in resisting the ap llication o f the principles of the Wil. mot Proviso to such territory, at any and every hazard. Rtesol vedl, uniarniouis v, 'That the Gzovrrnor lhe requested 'to transurit a copy of this report to the G overniors of each of the States of this Union, arnd to our Seatiors ard liepresenita tives hi the Congress of the United States. Marik the words. " South C7arolli na isprepared to cro-o.':hn.m:r w ith her sister States."' This is tho whole extent of our pledge ini 18.18. In 1 849, the subject was brought before the Legislature by the Gov ernor, arid each I louse had a report from its own C1ommrittee ; and it is (quite remarkable thatd, in each sepa-~ rate report, separate State action is riot once alluded to, but each recomn mends conceert of acion u-ith the (othEr tateq ofteS'outhI. llend the reports for yourselves, which, for your informnation, I have copied rer ltaltis from thle record. Exrtract sfr',om thse Iiesjuv, t$ and3( I:|s. lIn the Sentate, D ecember 18, 18419. The Committee on Federal Relations, to whom was referred so much of thme Message of his Excelleni ey the Governor, as relates to the re commendation of the peopjle of the Stato of Mississippi for a Convention of the people of the Southern States, to be held ini Nashville, in June next; anid, also, so much of the Message, as relates to convening the Legis lature of this State, in theo event of the passage by Congress of the Wi!. mot Proviso or any kindred mecasure, beg leave to report : That they cor dially concur with tho views express. ed hv his Excellencv the Glovernor. as to the -necessitfoyt~thgan of the Southern people of a uited action against the onoroacbmonts upon their domestio institutionis, dnd their con. dition-of equality in this confederafy, by the people of tho .North and: by the Congress of the United Sttes* and rejoice with him in the lofty' anc dignified position assumsed by the people of the State of Mississippi, against any such infractions of the compromises of the Constitution; and, the appeal which she has made to the people of her .sister States of the ennmon afgre8Wion. The commit. tee are of the opinion expremed by this Legislature, at its last session, that the period of decisive action has arrived, and that the authorities of South Carolina should be prepared, promptly to take such steps, as the ether ,States of the South shall re commend, and her own position do mands. The committee, therefore, n conformity with their own opinions, s they believe, with the expressed and understood wishes of this Legis. ature: and of the people of the whole State, recommend for adoption the following resolutions: Resolved, That in the event of the passage by Congress of the Wilmot Proviso, or any kindred measures, hatl his Excellency the Governor be requested forthwith to convene the Legislature, in order to take such teps, as the rights, interests and honor of this State, and of the whole South, shall demand. Resolved, That the Senate do agree to the report. Ordered, That it be sent to the [louse of Representatives, for con. urrence. i L.ru'i . . . " :111' r.. "R , * .. Li >y a Convention of the people of Mlississippi, to send delegates to meet it Nashville, to consult in common, 1po01 Conmon rig/hts, frith a View to Init|| of actin. And, also, so much of the mesange s relates to the convening -the Ibcgislatture, upon the Wihnot l'rr iat the people o1 this State cuter airn an ardent desire and fixed de. crmination to resist the lawless and rjust encroachmr1ents f' Congress, on he rights of the .Sonth, and have ledged themselvces, through their egislatures, to c ijrafe hith the i/her iouthrit State ,e, in Opposition o all such mueasunres. They, there ore, concur with his %xcelk nev ai the belief, that Southr-Carolin'a iails wih dlelighit tihe proffer by the people of Mlississippi, of meeting, by lIega te, In to]i /llH Cou l , at N ash villec, anrd will lheart ily and 'rornptly setId delegatt-s there to rep. resent themr. Tfhat they concur, ilso, wvitih his Excellency, in the pro riety of ear!ling together tihe Legis lature, shoiuld any such ic ontingenrcy :>eeur, as is allided to by Ihis Excel. ceney, arnd therefore recommnrrded thre adoption of the following reso lu tiorns: liesolved, That should the Wihinot l'roviso, or anyv kinidre d measure, be uuomer a law of Corngress, the Gov error is hereby eairnrestly reiquested to call toget her tire L egislaturre, should it niot lie in session at the uimne of tire palssage of such law. lIesolved, 'That tihe I louse do agree to the report. UJr dered, that it be sent to thre Senato for conIcuirrence. Ily order. TP. W. Gn.ovi, C. II. R1. In tire Senate, December 19, Resolved, Thiat tire Senate do concur in the report. 4OrderedI thart it ihe retunrned to tire Ihouse otf Represenrtatives. Iy order. W.T J,. MKorI, C. S. It is important to observe how earefunly the Senate insist upon "thie necessity, on theo part of tire Southern preopile, of a united action against tire enreroachrmenrts of tire .North," arnd declare this State to ho0 prepared 'promp~tly to tako such steps as the oither tatesR of the So nt/h shall re commend.".' With erjnai care the Hous of r i5 eroB ldged, thouselre.,he t thei Lgitulatui>rcs, to G~oro 81-o mU1 .n 3l! to all sdeoh iasiieu." 1 Heo then, r Wthe of Sotith Carol hej' are'd ot and ~deanite for c i 'h our sister. StateO et Not one word is thro at jrnto State Action or 'Secession: - The'prcedings of tipsession of 1860, strengthen this view . of the subject. At 'this session, no reso lutions wero .adopted, but several leading mneta:ures distinctlty evince the position of the State Th first of these miensurcs westho act calling a Convention and Southern Congres The psamblo to this At, as well as its provisions .manifestly speak the viesws of the Legislature. The act is entitled, an act to pro vide for the appointment of Deputies to a Southern Congress, and to call a Convention of tho. people of this State; and hero is its preamble: 'Whereas, the Convention of the elaveholding States, lately assembled at Nashville, have recommended to the said States to meet in Congress or Convention, to be held at such time and place as the States desiring, to be represented may designate. to be composed of double the number of their Senators and Representatives in the Congress of the United States, entrusted with full power and au. thority to deliberate with the view to deliberate with the view and intention of arresting further ag gressions, and, if possible, of restoring the constitutional rights of the South, the laws and government of the United States, and thereupon, to take care that the commonwealth of South Carolina shall suffer po det, ritnen t.' Is it in the power of human ingen nity', with these prffieedings open be fre rt v' , " a- ,u t- vu'. ::,w that :. .M , i a not n. ,t l ear that she is nledged exactly to the reverse - to concert and union with her sister States? If there were any doubt remaining, it would be dispelled by the fact, that when the Legislatureelectd, at the last session, the delegates who were to represent the State at large, in this Southern Congress, they el ected 11. W. iarnwcll, Langdon CJheves, Wade llampton, and John P. lRiehardson, all of whom, at the time, were supposed to be opposed to separate secession, and three of whom still mainltain the same opinhions. While we have '.sfore us these saime records of the acti :.and pledges of' our* State. let us examine another of the statements by which the Se cession l'arty have misled the people. T1hose who oppose Secession are con tinually tr aducced, as insincere in their professions of resi3tane--the peoplo ar'e told every where that the Co-ope. ration Party are mere time-servers, dlisguised submnissionists, aud that sc eessionists alone are tho real, active movers of resistaneo. Let us test the professions of both parties by their practice, and we shall arrive at more just conclusions. At the last scssioni of' the Legislature, three practical measures were brought forward, whichi were deemed necessary to re sistance in any form. The first of these, wvas the raising of moneyv by increase of the taxes; the second, the formation of a board for judiciously expending the money; and the third, the building of steam packets, for creating a direct trade with Europe, and providing the State with armed steamers, to assist in defending her coast. You are, of course, prepared to expect that these measures wore introduced and urged by the secession leadors--what will be your surprise to learn that they were all itrode ed by co-operation men, and twu 'f fanom were actually opposed by several of the most nrominecnt nocnenion mnen .The- 6crooio of xu i-myself, and ;" ; House it was ulQall aouth-Carolin a w tanc party had$ : government, .to pV munitions of war noto but for the aofed i"a. expected soojoi :fh It had been urgedbyli in several of our 'aia i', in casoofconfiiptg iI ' Government thoro wa' s enough in thewhol t 8o a single engagement.,, - du-may. reminmbe Bouth-Oarolina, tko o plied to a company, rough, that he waeimuu I " tbem with armge:To igonciens to enco the South, and . ,,#Web enemies at the termination, which : down, we urged kni e taxes. Lot the record O ky 4 } -followed, haieo ' ie g towing fromivthe Journ " nr. Harrison moved the tax on lands from 28t6 to Mr. Mommingor moved to =ICY ' amendment on the table-==- R nays 88. Among the nays following names-Mesaru, A..A E. Easley, Evins, Horrison, t Ingram, Lyles, Moorman ! & ' Those acquainted with the -, will recognize among. the nays te - active legislative Jpsders of ti9s sion party. .,u se_ !iii ;[U ther into theas t. rr ui ite leg Dati 6 i'rt war prp'irose, antd ihou 'si b a to the .State in case they were rt 4 b!. This measure w ir. Zuced by Col. Ohar4, i m who is* now the Co-operation didsto for io -southern Con I from the Third Congresdonal I' trict. A was reported by the cm mitteo, of which ohave h hca,,r t, be chairman; and when it cainec be. foiethe House, the foltowing pirt, cedngtoock plaa. Ilusc Juurnal, 1.. 1---. E.. Perry mioved to 4trike out the nineteenth clause, and these follow, ing, (which granted the aid of the State and required the steamers to be so constructed as 'to he made available for war purposes.)..-Yeas -11, nays 60. Among the yeas .4re the following-Messrs. Abney, Hut, son, Keitt, Moorman, Sullivan' &c, Now when it is consldored that these were the practical moq. ures which clearly exhb'Wted all the world our d eterminaioni to provide for our defence, and that the establishment of a .diredt trade with Europe by steamers was in over'y aspect an offectivo measure of ,o. sistance, it is no:t surprising that M4r,., Perry., of Ureenv1u, nh5uld baro opposed it, but to fin~d the secession leaders joining with him to oppoae the first nuoleus of* maritimo-dofence, the first beginnings of practical r~etigt, ance, will surprise yoti as inneh alt did us.' *No-rx.-Th'e other practical measure, appoint~ng a Board of Ordinance, was in. troduced by Mr. Torre, of Charlesibn,. i of the firmest advocates of Co.oera~ and opposed to Secession. The yeas a~ naye not appearing on this inoasur. u ito Journal, I made n6 note of it, andI it thus. caped my attention in my speech0 omitted to notice that I had myselfa4j1t ted to the h ouse the following resoluI j, to indicate my view of thb cus ob pursned by the Stae. Inthe flouse of Represorgatives, Di. cember 10, 3850, Mr. Menmninger aubitedo the following resolutions: I. Remolred, Tlhat the proposal of- the Nashville Convention, that the slave.hod. ing States shall meet in a Southerh . grera, is accepted by South. Caroln.t ad this (iengrel Aasembly wyill forthwith pko. vido for the appointment of Deputies to the same. 2. Resolred, That two hundred thousand dollars be approprial~e4 for the purgoe 0of arming andi defendIng the Stated 3Reso red, That a polico sytmb.s. tablished for procting our :p boAd and froo, from the evil desr.s orthorni o;nisearies *ndI abolitionias." 'Witiwiesore mcroag0, as theo chap said w.hea ho. foad o he hatd dranw' a blann thems