Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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,.k A, - 6 4! % -el TGHTS DEMOCRACY, -NEW. LITATUR E K!4 *1Y*. . WRAWkB, roprieotor. O an VOL. V. ~~SYMTE 1IVILLE, .C P I 9,,,.d -Tw& Dollara 1iihdvsed Ti o Dollaks and f -ftyocents at the 'exiration of six unonthg, or Three Dollars at the end of. the year2 , No ndpeardiscontinuel until all arreara . are paU, unles at the option of the 57A4vertisements inserted at 75 ete. per 'e~are, '(12 Iineor less,) for the first a;d half that sum. for each subsequent Ninertion. E OrThe number of insertion" tn be mark -ed on all Advertisements or. they will be published until ordere'd to be discontinued, -and.charged accordingly. rOne Dollar per square for a single insertion. Quarterly and Monthly Adver tisementsavillU'be charged the same. as a single 'nsertion, and semi-monthly the sailmo newon1es. Al Obituary Notices exceeding six linps, and.Communientions recommending Candidates fir-public offices or trust-or puffing. IElxhibitions, will be charged as Advertisentents. !'IrrRev; FRDERic Rusir, is a travelling Ageht for this papers and is authorized to receive subscriptions and receipt for tne same. - !1,. Correspondnce of ths Tribune. OE-01UGON~. OREGON. AT THE CLOSE OF 1840---INFANT CTEs-A~ItLU~ &C. cTI. iCV1TUAV PAc19 CITY, Oregon, Friday, Noy. 8, 1850. - liave seated myself 6.4 the Pacifi coadt, to give Yon -domiidea of this trulyingterestin country. The day (Nov. 8, lat. 46 deg.,noth) is mild and pleasant; the air is 0oft s Spring, ii'3jnvigorating; th'IeAli of some young thiryapptektrees, onthe verge of Baker's Bay, are. not tinged with the frost. Probably: there is ,not a more healthy, agreeable, and dven temperature on the globe than here at the mouth, of the Volumbia -a of ab.,n4 cold. on by ich lips ro draft can enter at. lo' tide. T9* odtlv-f'the river, to 4he unpractised: in- navigation, rveehts quite a forniidable ap kneAuce at iowtejd. But the danger is notso great as L appeai-s. The chief difficulty is the nebessity of waiting for a favorable 'wind. As you ap proach the entrance"'of the River, your eyes are greeted with a most imposing and beautiful spectacle. Mount St. Helana, in the form of a sugar loaf, and white as the spotless snow, rises on your view -an emblem of innocence, an ever during monu ment of silent eloquence-as though it'said to the dwellers on all the im tnenso prospect it overlooks, "Be pure, be truthful and just, you will be beautiful and happy." As you enter the mouth of the River, on a small peninsula formed by the expansion of the River, in the form of a half moon into a largo bay (Baker's) and the Pacific, on the north side is situated Pacific City the embryo (as many think) of 'the Queen of the West. The city was commenced last March. The bay on which it is located is spacious and safe, as though Nature intended it for ithe depot of the extensive lumber and agricultural regions of the Co lumbia Valley. A hotel which, when finished, will cost twenty thousand dollars. is nearly completed. A large sawv mill is already commenced, and the site is already beginning to to attract the attention of the capital ists. Almost every vessel is bring inge into it the sturdy adventurer. It certainly has many advantages, but you will-see it has also a goodly number of rivals. Across the River, and a little higher up, is Clatsap Plains, a lowv sandy district, but remarkably productive in vegetables! The claims hero (mostly containing at full section) are nearly all occupied. Thlley are now selling potatoes for four dollars per bushel, .and other vege tables in proportione consequently the farmer is making his heap with great rapidity.- And so it must continue hero for years to come. There is rio regioni that presents a brighter prospect to the agriculturist than that about the mouth of the Astoria, also on the opposi to side of the river from P'aci fle City, is situated aboutfiften miles higher usp. A t present it, is the only port of Orogon, exedpt one. 'The Custom. 1house- and 'distribkting Post-Ofliee areo here. Oenk Ar1i-, the Port Collector, has moved ,the offices about 0one mile higher up, and ua not been da ertfide Lof her advantages .to this place as to Pacific City' . No- large and beautiful bay is spread out before her, and the prospect around is not so magnificent. Still, Astoria hopes' to be first in importance, on account of her ag.j. In point of population, the two places are nearly equal. The claims near the mouth of the river are being fast taken up, and are estimated in value from two hundred to five thousand dollars - those near Pacific City being considered most valuable. Proceeding i up the river about sixty miles, you come to the south of the Cowlitz river. In its valley the French have v a settlement. But the Anglu Saxons v are crowding into their possessions and establishing their claims. The banks of the river on both sides, are high and precipitous, covered r with a dense forest, the lofty tops of which shoot up arrow-like, three f hundred feet and more toward the heavens. As you leave this place. g the general course of the river inclines a little to the south of cast. Cattle Poodle, another small tributary on the same side of the river, is 15 miles from Cowlitz. Here we T find another settlement, in a rich and beautiful valley. As you proceed eastward you soon arrive at the mouth of the Willamette, which enters the Columbia on the south side. In the basin of this river is located the principal portion of Oregon's population. This valley consisting of rich and beautiful prairie interspersed with patches of clean 8 magnificent timber land, is truly delightful. It is without doubt the t best Wheat country yet known. r The climate, though mild, pleasant f anti Amar o even, is sufici ty t Orug ee a, unlike that east of the1e Mountains, is fine in quality and 8 very nutritious. Cattle subsists t on it and thrive during a whole year. T It affords to the husbandman, with- r out any culture, a perrenial pasture field. Proceeding up the Willamette some fifteen or twenty miles you atrive at Portland. This is the second port, t and may be considered the head of ship navigation. An effort is making t to make this the great port of Oregon; and were it not for the application of steam, for a time this might be. Still, Portland without doubt is soon to be a a place of importance, a mart of no inconsiderable trade. i Milwaukee, near the Falls of the a Willamette, is the next point of im- i portance. Here a steam boat is J building, and is expected to be ready .n for business by Christmas. This boat I is designed to ply between Pacific ) City and Milwaukee, ascending as S high as Oregon City when the state of the river will permit. The river at this point spreads out ti into a beautiful cove, making a con- d venient harbor for 1inite a nher C of vessels. Mr. Whitconmb, the pro- C prietor at Milwaukee, is a liberal, f enterprising man, and it dhoes appear I that nature fias decreed that his place ( shall be the head of ship niavigationi F for all the extensive valley of the I Willamnette. Six or seven miles above Milwan-t kee we arrive at the falls of the Will- r amette, and Oregon City1 at iresent Ia the capitol of the Territory iii po~int b~ of population and advanccmenit.- I The perpendicular fall of the water n~ is sixty feet presenting a grand and I picturesque scene. The city num.- a bers about 1,500 inhabitants, and is most rapidly increasing. TIhe most thickly settled portion of the Ter-r ito ry is still higher up the v'alley. - Wheat is the great staple, forty bnsh- r els to the acre where the ground has f been well prepared, an ordinary yield, I and. sixty bushels no extraordinaryi one. Many of the farmers have eight r hiundredo r a thousand bushels gath- s ered up. In water power and timber Oregon c stands unrivaled. 11cr water p~ower could supply the wants of tho world. T1here are in the territory somec thir- I ty or thirty-five saw mills now in op eration, and several morec buildinig, f' but not one good flouring mill. The mineral wealth of Orecgon is < not yet ascertained. 11er great re-. sources are yet undeveloped. IMar- I ble, fine and rich as Parian is knownr to ho abundant, andr it is confidently< believed that in thei Klamath district, anid other- parts, ar-e ichermines of ;old than California has yet manifest. .d. For the present we will say tothing of the fisheries, ier oyster )eds, her wild game and native pro luctions. Oregon now contains twenty.fivo ir thirty thousand inhabitants; a bar ly, intelligent and enterprising peo. >le, fond of reading and determined hat their children shall be educated. [hough possessing unequaled advan. agfes as a grazing and sheep groing ountry, it will require time to stock ier natural pastures and supply her ith mainu factories Ilenco the coun ry for years must be supplied from broad. She already presents a rich nd inviting field to capitalists of the east. Merchandise of almost every escription commands a high price nd ready sale. Books in Oregon re estimated more highly than Gold. But the most grand and imposing eature which Oregon presonts is an sylum for the multitude which the elusive hopes of California have uined. Thousands and ten of thousands in alifornia are now destitute and suf ering. Many from the States have aortgaged their farms, and left their amilies in the expectation of roaliz nig a rapid fortune in the mines of ,alifornia. Not one in a hundred ave been successful, and there they re, far from their homes, without icans, hopeless, and in prospect uined. To all such Oregon spreads out her mple arms and invites them to seek helter in her rich and protecting bo om. And thousands whom the en icements of California's Gold have uined are seeking, and will seek and nd their ' ' Oregon. There. uits ient thsirouth of the Columbia, ian in the mines of California. The otatoes grown on one acre, with ve. y little cultivation, on Clapsat Plains, 'ere sold in the ground for eighteen undred dollars. The numerous ves els which will enter Baker's Bay must he Eupplied with provisions, and hiousands who will seek the Gold lilies must he fed. Oregon is Na ire*s preparation to supply these rants. j y Fixm: EXTRACTS.-Providence mkes no short cuts: and, by the -hole course of History, has taught s, that, it' we attempt them, failure ud disappointment must be the inev able issue. '' Patient, because crnal;" acting by grand and im sItable laws, which it is the prov Ice of science to discover, and the art of wisdom to obey; silent, :eady, and unswerving; "without fl.ste-, but iwithout Itest," the Great Ll!cr of' lumnanity leads us onwards, w:rdls the accomplishment cf our, estinics, in a progress which ve amnot <icken, but may retard, by ndeavor'ing to withdrawv ourselves "im I is ordinances and accelerate lis mareb. 'Providence,' says M. uiza.t, 'is not impatient to draw 1 >rth, to--lay, consequences of princi-. les initendled to oplerate to-morrow. ut leasves themn~i in the bosom of ages, 11 the I our' shall come: and, it' we .a5:oned uponu this priinciple in hu mnu alTair's, our logic would be no iss true. Priovidencee has Ibis owni tests in TFime: and Ilis march in it, my be likened to that of hlomer's )eities, ini Spauce: ie makes a step rnd Ages are trav'er'sed. E!dinlburghl ICLeriw. Tmliu: Ciou.umuss Enuquire:- says: Somec of' the submnission iurints are 'joicing in~ anticipation oif the down.' ill or the Southern Press. 'We card no such rejoicing anticipations 5 reLfereceI to the National Era,' the hldition organ of the same city. In othinig does Southern submissionism o exhibit its treason to home, and its eep dlepravity, as ini the expression f its fierce hatredl to those whose rime is dlevotion to the rights of' the roouthi. They can forgive anythsing ut Southern patriotistm. Strange 1 ystery! it' the South falls she will all by thle paricidal hiands of lher' wn Sonis. Such will bo the v'erdict f the gr'and ingnest of history, wvhen a futur'e ages, the rise and fall of er institutions is wr'itten. It will be ecordeld that with all the elements fa successful defence, with power' nil resources b)oundeCss andtui mival d, tho South 1-amsne fo dl 8g.' (From Gmhnmi. Magazin John Ranadolpi of nke. BY CUARLES J. PETERS&d. From the period he left: college until his twenty-sixth year, 1le led an idle, discursive life, now reding and now traveling, this year indhiladel phia, that in Georgia. Bl3i restless ness and irritability had already be, come proverbial. In 179- lie lost his solo surviving brother. The shock seems to have been terrible. His temper became more niorose, his conduct more eccentric than ever. He brooded over his desolte situa. tion, the last of his line', without brother or sister, parents or friends, until he had wrought himself up al most to the pitch of insanity. At night he walked his chamber, ex. claiming 'Macbetlh hatha murdered sleco,' or calling for his hoiAe, gallop ed around the plantation loaded fire-arms. 'Not a drop qPLogan's blood.' he muttered to hi#-l'; 'the most bereaved and pitiab& of the step-sons of nature.' Hi etate, at this time, was eneumbere a legacy of debt left by his fathe and the annoyance created by the liidation of the claim still furTher i tated his morbid mind. -To crowf , an at tachment which lie fo proved disastrous. The lady -W daugh ter of Mr.'Ward, of W , and had been, in childhood, inate of Randolph. He never r from this blow. No second s eems to have gained a. fo hi heart. For sfe tharV ' oyak lie secretly worshiped - youth, and when, i 1a4 down to di The Congren hestho Tune, 1812, declared ata state of ivar existed between I 2 two nations. ivas one of the most brilliant that Iad, up to that period, assembl, ' at Washington. Even Randolph was !elipsed by two upon that floor. The irst of these was Clay, then in the lush of early ambition, gallant, chiv ilrous, patriotic among patriots, the oast' of Kentucky, the idolized Bpcaker of the house. The magic if that lofty presence, the persuasive powcrs of that magnetic voice, no >nc who has seen or heard him can ver forget; and the Clay of 1812 vas to the Clay of this generation, what the eagle mounting freshly in he dewy morning, is to the same >ird wearily returning homeward at iight. When he rose to speak every vhisper was hushed, every ear was ittention. If lie pictured Britian ampering with the north-west Indi ms. indignation swelled every heart; f le described the sufferings of our mpressed seamen, tear8 sprang to !very eye; if he asked, after all this, vhat course was left to men of honor, he listeners were ready to start from heir seats and shout, like the Ihun ;arians of ol, 'we will die for our >rothiers and our country.', Other nen, in that I louse, have eqjualed llay as a dlebater, many have sur assed himi as a dialectician, but ione have rivaled him in the power o stir the soul and excite enthusiasm. li s mnore imp lassionedl oratory was ike the rush of whirlIwind, that takes ts victim in its arm before he can mnspect his peril, andl bears him away ni thio elemental wvar. Men differ, dever will, as to his political ea reer; but all who have souls to feel :onfess his eloquence. In his old ige lie still lingers among us, a relic f the past and vet a witness of has preCsen1t. Tfhere, too, was Calhoun. young ilso, and also ambitious. Ne~ver the A\mecrica bheld a state-snman more pure. Ini many respects inferior to Clay, he was ini others his master. T'o the compact stylhe, the clena- meth >d, the massive logic of Calhoun, the rervid Kentuc~ianx conl not piretenid. Nor coul lbe, on all occasions, rise to the same lofty atmosphere of itatesmanushipi in whic-h the C'arolin ann sat, as on anzothier Olympus, siur veymguz the deeds of mortals. To the Favorite dloctrinie of his later life Cal boun had not then olTeredl up his Llay s and nights; but joining Clay igamnst Rahndol ph, ster~nly pronoun.W eed for war, Youing as lie was, hto wras already conspicuous for the bold aess, weight, and rapidity of his elo rjuience. Ie ra nw the wenik nnints of an argmabiwt, '-A gacice. o sprang, a lion's tat h e heart' ofhi viatim Those who saw him in his old age will-retain, to the hour of their death, the impression madoby: that eagle eye, that. gran ite forehead, ,that ram part ;ofiron. gray hair, that-stern and suggestive countenance; -and .such be'; was; scarcely more mobile then in his early manhood. Even at that day be atiuck thospectator as some statue vivifid4into temporary life, some sold Rorrianiri the guise of youth, :come back to earth, but still retaining his incorruptible virtue, his contempt of petty arts, und hii urisdlfishdevotion to whateier he considered riglit..-. He sacrificed his existence, at last. in behalf-of his native commonwealth. Men will differ, for generations to come, as to his statesmanship on more than one occasion, but none *will impeach his motives, -or question his patriotism-as aCarolinian.: In the Pantheon of-Atneridan ' history his shadow will project itself, brodd and deep, far into the glm of coing ages. He (Randolph) had been, indeed, a misanthrope- frdin his youth; and misanthropy is the iarent of mrd ness. In boyhood, when others of his agee Or6 engaged in noisy Sports, he would; steat away to. the solitary pastine of angling, or;- seclude him. self in a- closet wheJ he kept his books. He was reserved, haughty, fond of revery. As he grew-up, the few ho loved wore removed from him one byone. First-his -mother died, then the, elder of his two' brothers, then' the; other. When bo- made flen th to- frequentiir cut terer nan e the world. He and shutting'him tr hermitage, poured out, in letters to his single confidential friend, the-gall and wormwood of his soul. There was no hope, he declared, in-society any longer. Men were rogues, they were hypocrites, they were Yihoos. They were all watching for an oppor tunity to cheat, plunder, or betray him. He was done with them forev er. Meantime he could not be hap. py. His heart gnawed itself for want of other food, and his health broke down. Already the shadow of ap proaching madness began to throw its gloom o' him at times. Life, in his own words, was a curse, from which lie would willingly escape, if he knew where to fly. Ue declared he lived in such cold and heartless intercourse with his fellows, among them, but not of them, that Robin. son Crusoe, in his worst so!itude, had been in bliss comparatively. He drew parallels between himself and Cowper, anatomizing, with the fascin ation of horror, his own monomana. We cannot peruse the letters at this period of his life without shuddering at the agonies of wo which must have racked his soul, as the ghastly spectres of insanity, each more dis tinct than its predecessor, passed in awful procession around his midnight couch. For the taint of madness, which ran in his line, was beginning to work in his blood; and hc knew it. This was the terribl secret which lhe carried, through a whcle life, in his bosom, and whose gnawings he vain ly tried to conceal. His extreme irritability, his sleeplessness, his sus picious charaicter, and his thousand eccentricities, all find an elucidation in this tendency to insanity, and can be explained satisfactorily in no oth er way. He would quarrel with his best friends without an adequate mo tive. An incidental remark of his step-father, that Randolph would naturally make his half-brothers his heirs, led to an explosion of passion andI to the destruction of a friendshij. of years. H~e treatedl with conitu mielious indignity the physician who had long been his companion and counsellor, and then, in a frenzy of remorse, abascd himself to the earth before his friend. His faithful body ser-vants ho degraded to field labar. in a paroxysmn of fury, to recall them, in a few days, to his couch of suffer ing, with tears. A favotite slave, who had sold a paltr-y measuro of meal, was turned from a comfortable calmi and threatened with being han ded over to a trader; but soon repent ing of his. harshn andlp out, on a coldday in X ruar where th' offender wis ditching pressed his contrition, and 6rt all eh had taken These, however. wereb ftipaz. tial insanity. -But therewere ods, it ould seemhei, forti he was really mad.Wnth6 sanity of his eldest nephew who al ben deaf and dumb from Aith , CAP folloied by the deth fbi reimining child, -eii 4eled 'Offj? throne: and-the' consummate orator, the brilliant wit, the envied staternau' became temporearilya drivelegen a fool..' When -the Missoti ki mise, against which he had ntended with a passion amounting to furyg was finally passed, and when me6 diately after, his.bosom friend, Dea tur, fell in an'ignoble duel, his intel lect again gave way, and he appear. ed at the funeral in all the dishevele4 and mockery of fHamlet. A third; and Iat time, after his return, from Russia, and when physical pain, lul led momentarily by opium, had abat tered the frail tenement tililite -hug quivering by a thread, utter insamty appears again to have overtakonethim for a time. - His giant mind swung 1vildly from its orbit, whrling any into abyssmal chaos, into darknssas profound as death. It is noLwild by. pothesis to suppose that, like Dean Swift, he .was aware of the sesd A madness lurking within him. -1o' strove, indeed; by constant watch and ward, to keep the tigei ddwi yet lived in hourly fear that hIk fierce enemy would prevail ati last.s NiiiA and day he felt, in inagiagon, the terrible fangs:at his thtyat. In the cold sweat of horror ae U his sleep 'fan One might ..:d:'eem t lowing reply ofhbChristiht - cate to a suggestion of the of the Northern and Soutn iw. ions of the Methodist Church, th a firmer, sterner and more eonsistent spirit pervaded the religious than the political world of the South. Pear haps it is so; at any rate, the sepra tion of the Methodist Church is a sig nal illustration how complete a remedy is disunion for the evils that flow from the anti-slavery spirit of the North. If thit separation were complete, in stead of war, we should have a genu ine peace with the North; such peace as we never can have in political un ion with them.-Mercury. From the Southrn Christian Advocate. Re-union with the North. A suggestion has been recently made by the New York Express, An influential secular raper, that an ef fort should be made in this time of compromises, to re-unite the Northern and Southern divisions of the Metbo dist Episcopal Church. In this it i likely the Express speaksie wishes of not a few of the enlightcnedl and liberal among the membership of the Northern Methodist Church. So far as all this is an exhibition of amiable feelings, we are glad to see it. But a more hopelessly chimerical idea was never set afloat. Re-union, in the present circumstances of the Northern and Southern sections of the United States is a downright, utter, and sheer impossibility. Pt ting out of sight the fact, th4 tho General Conference of the Northerni Church, declined the sitmple overture on the part of the Southern Metho-: dists to open and maintain friendly relations on the basis of an articab1 conafraternity of feeling; and. corn pelled the latter to resort to 'le~~'I measures to obtain a fair dijiif; the property contracted for' in (Ieed of Separation; the state ohopib ion, prevailing in the Easte Northeran aind North-Watejrn tions of the M. E. Church is' such, and ever will be such as to forbid absolutely and peremptorily; aasy future coalosence on our part. wdit the domestic institutions of the slav. holding States remain in their proset mtger1ity.er1~ There is too much "higed conscience" amongste -Northern Methodists, too much inflamed prejudice rposi religious, too; wild spread a fanatical viruap in the prM, the pulpit, and the prayer:roomto allow the ghost of a hope to contes from the grave of out~ buri~d ecclesiastical *aion to tello A - IN Ini~ phan n he beenwekdna o teshonruo wih~h' Lboie whp oftoidd, a$ ' d, d th te rnpiniu fucli 4 b, Dee, ws much affectdinrni~ iignrt' 9tri&haractvvtsi%*'4 ~ daingr 'fTheW oy hOs' 46611 texdm, apeal wh Ii 4*o ~i w Drib may dtfeel an itewb 0. h9: fom te M31go A~~ 0~ Mri ner hcte txejohy-. c ~hin i~ 3un lat,141 icrieptemabeel~ ar.e k A~~ ieal plants Al' tetwoa .h onlae toodaxi6niAv:jP