University of South Carolina Libraries
1 a +SeiS. 'ra ... .r"da;Cxi'V.+gWx,:'r.. .m'!. '41 "aa'IV 7FSM" W"'.+"'nlrkxN!yiRaN.1761i:.rh0".r"Idi/swT+r .;cv .w;YaNMOwa?'K i"l.R ea ,. DEVOTED TO SOTJTIIEBN-RIGIITS, DEMOCRACY, JN]WS, LITERATURE, 1 1 n. J. FRANC 1.81 Propri Itor: a Q Oa-a1Yy, Our , tfis ; noo. V VOL. V, SUM.TERVILLE, S. Co FEBRUARY 19, 1' Two Dollars in advance, Two Dollars %nd Fifty-cents at the ex iration of six enonths, or Three Dollars at tIe end of the year. No paper discontinued until all arreara aes are paid, unless at the option of the Proprietor. lrrAdvertisemonts inserted at 75 cts. lper square, (12 Mines or less,) for the first and half tJiat sum: for each subsequent insertion. tr'The number of insertions to be mark. ed oni all Advertisements or they will be publiayaed until ordered to be discontinued, and charged accordingly. TOne Dollar per square for a single insertion. Quarterly and Monthly Adver tisements will be charged the same as a .single nsertion, and semni-monthly the same as new ones. All Obituary Notices exceeding six Clines, and Communications recommending 'Candidates for public offices or trnst-or puffing Exhibitions, will be charged as Advertisemnts. OE lev. FREDERICK RusH, is a travelling Agent for this paper, and is authorized to receive subscriptions and receipt for tne same. Office of tile Wilningtona as1d Manchester R It. Comepariny. MARIoN C. H., JANUARY 20, 1851. To the Stockholders of the Wilmington and Manchester Rail Road Company. GENTL.EIEN-The President and Directors beg leave to submit for your consideration their Third Annual Re. port of the affairs and condition of the Company. For a full account of the progress of the work, they beg leave to refer you to the report of the Resident Engineer, Mr. Fleming, herewith submitted. It will be seen that the amount of work done during the year past exceeded that of 1849, in excavation and embank. 1ment, by 133,385 cubic yards, and that the increased value of all the work of troy 'erthe year 1849, is 815,. f whole of the work of thu -t .; 'ck~ i mnpany, txcept 04,106 31, which was paid in cash, to contractors at and near the western ter. minus of the road. The increase in work has not been such, however, as we had a right to expect at our last annual meeting, from the contracts then taken and in progress. The causos, then rip. .prehended to some extent by the Board, .have been alluded to by thu report of the :Enginee-, why many of- the contracts have not been completed entirely, and why a few have been given tip by the .contractors. It is- believed, however, that though we may have to pay a :higher price now for the work, that ar. rangements will be made so as not to cause a's much delay as was at one time ap ,heuled in the commencement ,of lay. I own our Iron, which under our contract for that article, will commence arriving during the present month.. The Board, at their meeting in May last, in conformity with the wishes of the Stockholders, expressed in their meeting in January, instructed the President to contract for three thousand toils of rails, to be delivered in January, March and .May, of the present year, to be paid for in cash as received, and also to make arrangeinents to meet the payment -therefor out of the subscription of the Stato of South Carolina. In accordance with this order Maj. -G wn n was reqjueste'd to close a contract with James Dunlop. Esq., of Petersbutarg, Agent for Cruitwell. Allies & Co., WVales, for 3000 toins of T. rails, to lie delivered and paid for as directed, and a contract wvith proper spocificat ions was accordingly entered into oni the 21st day .of May liaMt, providing for its delivery at shaipsidei ina Chtarleston, at 8411 per ton, freight, duty anad inasusrance iacluded. 'T'he first cargo has not yet beenre. . .ceived, though from infobrmaiota from Mr. Dunlop, int November last, it is .daily expected to arrive. Provisiona has been made to meet the payment of the amount contracted to be delivered dur. lng thais month, anad we feel nao appre. kaeosion that we will niot be ready for the ,rest. On the 16th inst. thme requisite proofs required by the act of the South Caro lina Legislature, passed ini 1848, mak. jnga abscipton f 200,000o to the s tock of this Company were prodtaced, and the first $100,006 provided to be paid bay that act was received from the ~.vComptroller General, b~y thea:ransfrer of a eight hundred shares of the Stock .i. of the South Carolhna Rlail Road Company, with the tiall nmounat (6125 per share) paid in. Thlis Stock .has b heen phaiced in the hands of one agents in Charleston to be disposed of as. we ,~may deem best for our interests here .0,after. Sufliuieat assursiaces haive becen lad that we could receive by a loana with the pal-dge~s of the Stock, any ntmount which muy lhe requaired o meet rTelan paymenr'at en ou'r lion, sand the ini. paroving condsitioanad parospects of .the Stouli att presetat indshieo~ thea proprijety of lhaig it, sat least tilltal'tor ailler. the g!,ra hcominig report oif athe' Presiem nmni I )i rectrors ofa thle Sonh alaarl isn ia ih Iloadi CoJnmavhs whch. it is nn-tlertot:b will be favorabtle, and which, it is not doubted,. will appreciate the market value of the Stock. It has already sold for 6110 with the whole instalments paid in, and with the large amounts of money seeking investments, there are strong reasons to believe that with as favorable an exhibit of the affairs of the Company as will be made it may in a short time be at par. The Board expect during the ensuing spring to apply for and receive 650,000 more of this Stock, under the act of the Legislature of South Carolina. which at $ 110 even will be more than enough to meet all present engagements for Iron, but they do not deem it advisable to provide for any immediate application of this fund, other than that of paying for the Iron contracted for, as it is bad policy to put it out of our power to hold it so long as the prospects are fair for a disposition of it at or near its pas value. It is deemed but proper to state that the reason the $100,001) were not sooner applied for waN that the Board of Direc. tors of the South Carolina Rail Road Company during the last year called for the remaining 825 per share due upon the Stock, and for us to have taken it before that sum was paid in would have imposed upon us the necessity of paying $25,000 on it. When it was well known the Legislature would pro vide for it otherwise, which has been the case. So soon as the instalments were paidi up we have availed ourselves of the subscription, and that was as soon as oir arrangements required. With respect to the work in North Carolina recently put under contract, many difficulties presented themselves to an earlier arrangement. No con. tractors could be found there willing to take the contracts for stock. The pay. ments on the stock at the rates of 5 per cent. every 00 days could not be relied upon as sufficient to keep the work pro. gressing. and the President in July last proposed to the Stockholders in: Wil. mingto; as the only esort to got tie 4v 9(anIthn pays9A1c% -tok ..' n(10gelt one 'ami two A rs, Which would t~e about the avragb times it would re quire to collect the whole instalments, and with thes' no.es to pay for the work as it progressed. To this nroposition a portion of the Stockholders promptly as. sented and notes were procured payable at Bank fir about 845,000 on those terms, by which the contract for the whole grading in North Carolina then unlet was put ur der contract, to gen tienmen whose energy and capacity had I heen fully tested previously on the work j in both States, and whose character fur. nish a guaranty that the grading in that State will be completed this year in time for all practical purposes. The other contracts fir grrding and superstruc ture there are progressing in a manner which gives a favorable promisEs of an early completion or it. To the report of Treasurer herewith submitted you are respectfully referred lihr the receipts and disbursements of the funds of the current year ending on Ist January inst. shewing in the current expenses of the Company 81,347 00 I less than the current expenditures of the 1 year previous, and it may not be amiss to remark that in the salary account was an item of $251 06 for the salary of the General Agent for the previous year, which is properly chargeable to the expenmses of that year, us that ollice wats abholishied at your Inst meeting. The number of Assistamt Engineers on t he line hans bet n reduced, during thme spring anid summer or the last year, to four, who has each a very long line to sumperinitend. but it has not resulted in any inlconivenliece or delay to the con. tractors arid the number will not be in-. creased until impijeratively demanded by a lamrge increase of work on the line reuiderinig it necessary. You wiill perceive by the statements of the Enginteer, estimates submitted whuich are necessary for the completion of the Roadl to Sumterville, to the pointt of Lynch's Creek, and to the end of forty miles frm tihe Camden Biranchi of the South Carolina Rbail Road( respec.3 tively. it is proper, in the opinion of3 ilhe Boardi, to provide money for the work yet to be done, bet wixt Sumterville and thle Canmden Branch especially, and prudenmce would dictate that is the safest reliance on thme whole forty miles. To I meet this~ expendtiture at least 610,000 I balance in the hands of tho Tlreasurer may be relied upoin. From payments on inastalments it may be safely assumed that from eight to ten thousand dlollars more can be realised on the line west of the Pee D~ee river. This will leave a< deficiency to be provided for in money,r if tie wvork is pushed forward as it 'is desirable to do. Blut experience renders it improper to rely with any confidence on the payment of instalments in cash on stock, as so much of it is taken in contracts by tn stock holers and others, that it it is diflmie t p> tell whto will pay tip mi I full, and who will not. All have the privilege of wvorking out their stock, and soime even a fter t hey coummence paying, in money, make arrangemients to have the balance worked out, rendlering iti out~er bannosihin to annp-om.aoa estimate of receipts from these quarters. The estimates made last year were that 885,000 would be received in money, and they were thought reasonable, but it has turned out that only 815,037 45 was in fact received. A very large proportion of the stock in South Carolina is already contracted to be paid for in work, and it is unsafe to make contracts for money dependent upon any considerable amount deriva ble from them. The subscription of the State of South Carolina will be in part required for Iron already contract. ed for, and necessary to put the road in operation forty miles when the last instalment of 850,000 will be paid, so that other reliable resources must be looked for to meet all the expenditures necessary to put the section of forty miles in operation. The application of the town of Wil. mington to the North Carolina Legisla. ture for authority tosubscribe8100,000 to the Stock, and to issue 0 per cent. Bonds at lifleen or twenty years, has been granted, and the subscription on the part of the town under thearrange. ments with the Company authorised by your last meeting will soon be made. it has not been practicable to put the Bridge at the Pee Dee river under contract except for cash or a very large proportion of it, and it was not deemed advisable to do so, till the Company were in funds to meet the expenditures for it, which was not the case, without diverting them from the more important object of constructing the road from the junction east. One thing can be done by the' Stockhol ders now, and that is to limit the time when subscriptions for stock shall be considered ls authorised to be paid in work. Notice was given to the South Carolina Stockhol. Jere last summer who were in default in payment of their subscriptions that unless 'ontracts were taken in a given time, (which has passed) the subscriber would be becided to have elected to pay in money and treated accordingly. Many additional contracts were then taken, but it is certain Lhere are yet man, 'who rd hought tuc proper to refer the whole niat. er to the Stockholders new,-who may fix <ome limit to the time when the stock can be so paid up. This would enable the hoard to make the estimates to be received n money, and they could act accordingly. During the past year inquiries were in itituted and negotiations commenced in elation to the purchase of iron on the Bonds f the Company, or for part cash and part ionds, but the difference in the credit and :ash price, was so great as to induce tihe >oard to decline any contract on the sub. ect, as they were satisfied that the v could eil the bonds of the Company, and pur :hase for cash on terms which would save nem from 30 to 50 per cent, in the trans tction. The question presents itself now, What a best to be done in order to complete our -od and put it speedily into successful ope. at ion! The Board feel no difficulty in answer ng promptly and frankly the question, and .hat is to express their entire concurrence n the suggestion of the Engineer, as to is ming mortgage bonds for the amount re. juired. Iron is now lower than we can reasona. ily expect it to be in many years. The )resent prosperity of the country will re milt in bringing forward new enterprises which will so increase the demand as to ive it a higher value. Money is abundant broughout the country and seeking invest nents, and Rail Road securities are in reater favor now in the city of New York an they have ever heretofore been. An exhibit of recent sales of mtortgage bonds fComnpanies with no better securities than oars could plresent, give every assurance hat we could enter the market favorably mnd get such a price as would enable us to oon with a saving to the Company, (for tmust not he forgotten that interest is pay. able on the wvork already done and paymaenlt nade, arid that in progress till the comphe ion of the road.) T1o get into successful >peration one year sooner evenm, would ena al the Company to make from its earnings, as much as it could loose in discount upon heir bonda, as must be apparent to aniy vho will carefully consider the report of he Engineer as to its business and op-ra ions. Our capital now on the book-s is vithin a fraction of 81,000,000 and quite hat with increased stock in contracts not 'et credited. By the end of the plresent -ear the road will hav'e been fully graded rnd prepared for the reception of thse re. naiider of the Iron, in as substantial a narnner and on as favorabtle terms as any ther. With a portion of it in operation, md4 with the amount expen~dedi and the alance available, we could realise a fair rice for onr Honds, purchase our Ironi, and o on speeddly to a successful termination four work, which wvhen completed, noe ne, wvhose opinions are entitled to weight, oubts hut that the stock woui soon be at ar. By a sale of this, if it should he do irable our bonds might he redeemed, (an peration very commnon wvith some of the nost profitable works of the Southern coun r)and( thae early consumamation of our vishies secured. By the fourteenth section of the act in-. orporatingr om1 Coumpany, the Directors re not athorisedl to issue certificames of oain convertible iinto stock, or to mortgage ho road as a secuarity for such certificates if loan wvithout the assent of two-thirds of lie 'Stockholders entitled to vote at a gen ~ral mnfeting of the Company. It is there orc submitted to you whether yon will by onch a vote so direct the issue and sale of nortgage bonds, and what amount you will mitliorhse so to be Issued. Th'e Board have felt roluctant to recoin. nerd s uch a corse, as.. hey s a .nth general desire of the Stockholders to build the road without incurring large liabilities, and it might perhaps be done after a long time, but the anxiety manifested by the travelling public for its completion, and the certainty felt by them that our indebtedness will hasten its operation and business, and enable us to realise its benefits before con. flicting enterpri-es get the start of us in the travel and mail transportations induces them to do so. More especially when there is now every prospect of raising the value of our stock to a point which will enable us to substitute it for the Bonds of the Com pany before a great while after it coptmen ces operations. One fact is deomed not unworthy of being mentioned in support of the opinion of the Engineer as to the busi ness in transportation of the road connec ted with the production of cotton in the country tributary to it By the books of the consignees in Charleston it is ascertained that during the season of 1849-'50 88,503 bales of cotton were carried to Charleston by the boats plying on the Great PeoDee River. From the reports in Georgetown it appears that during the same season, 18, 300 were shipped from that port, and from the census of Sumter District, recently to. turned, it appears that 18,000 4001b, bales of cotton were rnade in that District in the year 1849. This makes in the aggregate, 74,863 bales of cotton for the year 1849, produced in a region tributary to our work, and for a part of the year mainly de fendont on it for market. The census of the past year will, it is beleived, exhibit folly as great an increase in other products over the last. With thenrospects now before us, it is idle to think of withdrawing in any manner from the vigorous psosecution of the work. How it is to be carried on is to be submit ted to you however, and the Board feel eve ry willingness to conform to your wishes. W. W. HARILF*, President. Engineer's ofnee Wilmington and Manchester Rail Road. JANUARY 20 1851. GEN'L. W.. W. IHAitLEE, President IVil. 4. Man. RaiI-,oad: SIa.-I ave the honor to uili it for, the infortni tln of the Board, thtV l n nual Report of ibis departienfx 4e progreps ef, tjae wyik. The acconpaneying; abstracts, marked A, U. and C, exhibit, in detail, the pro gress of the contracts for Graduation in each month of the year; .he amount execu. ted during the year, and the total amount from the commencement of the work. The amount of work done during the past exceeds that of the previous year 133,38.5 cubic yards, equivalent to the average re quired on ten miles of Road; and the amount executed at the expiration of the year is equal to one-hafof the total amount required in the Graduation of the whole Road. The high price of cotton during the year. and the consequent increase in the demnand and price of labor, induc -d some of the contractors to withdraw a larger number of their hands, during the summer months. than was anticipated when the contracts were made, and when cotton was selling tnuch below its present value; while others have abandoned their contracts, preferring 'o forfeit the resccation of twenty ive per rent, of the value of the work executed, and pay up the retiminder of their Stock to cash. Under instructions from the Board I have entered into a contract with a Comi pany of Stockholders for the Graduation uncontracted for in North Carolua at the date of my last Report. From the known energy and experience of these gentlemen on other portions of the hne, I have every assurance of the speedy completion of th'e contract, aid in a manner satisfactory to the Company. Betweenm Numiterville aind the C!amden Biranch, the conltracts for Graduat ion are or will be compnlietedl in time for tihe recep tionm of the Iron, with two e'x(ctions,--the first adjacent to thle JumnctI ion, anid thle lat t er on the westerm smile oif Canie Xavcnnia Swamp, atid contammicing respect ively 17.5(0) andt( 33,000) cubc yards. Eflbrts have boeen inad to relet the httler, anid to ubtaiin additional force to) iamteniIlt the cmletionz of the former, but withiout suiccess. On this portion of It ie u lie conii tts have bieen ditficult toe let. from lie heavy work resmttred ont the G rauationi, thne 'infonior quality and searcity of tiniber, and the di thicuhly of t ransportinig it to the line of the Road. As the I ron for uthis poirtion of the lload will soon arrive in Chai~rleston, sonme prov'isin shuld hibe imiade for the ox - pettnitres requiired to limt it itin prat ion, whInch are monret pa:rt miularly ex.~ph cied iin statemet markei I) h er-unmtoc anneicxed. nhtided in t his emt malte is t he cmost of oine Locoiunotive, one1 Il'assencger coachi, one Baggage, and ten l'reght cars, wich will be sufficit to wcrk thle hue until its conm. plet in to I )arIhnigtoni. Thie Irn comiir.iteid for (300)0 Toics) will extend fromit thle Jution to the fltoad eastt of Lyneces'Creek, procvided nto ncortionh (if it he uised in tihe coinstrin of 11 Turn outs, for which a lighter l iil will aniswer. For laying- douwn thne remiainder oif this Iron betweeni SumitervileI and thme lioad east uif L~ynchces C reek, and for the purchamse (of turtnout Iron, 2!0( tonis for thet minii track, and tine tcomp liniof forty uiniles, upjn which thne last instahnimett of the State's stubscripctionc depeneds, theii further stums set forth in stateiment E will bce reuiredl, arid to whlichi youtr at tenttion is directed. These estimtates are focindted uponi tiue assumiption that tine conctracts ini exieeC wvill bce comipleted; but if conctracry tco my ex pectatiouns any of them are abcandotnod, a mtiligroa ter sumii will be requciredl. I wVotldi respectfuill y uirge upon01 the Bo~ard arid Stoechlhi'rs the mcuprt aince of providincg tine umans foir the iimnecdiato comcpletioni ouf fcoriy iuiles ncdjoining the Comdtnen lIranchi, wvithouct which thce ('com. pany cannot roeahcso tine last iinincent of AN000 of thne Nitt' suhecrintian. In operation for forty miles, it would inspire a new confidence in the speedy completion of the whole line; stimulate the Stockhold ers and its friends to renewed energy, and by the transportation of the productions and travel from the Distrtcts of Sumter, Darlington and a part of Marion, add large ly to the available means applicable to its extension towards the Great Pee Dee River. Although two years have elapsed since operations were commenced, yet a little ex amination will satisfy the most sceptical that quite as much has been accomplished with a less expenditure than on any work in progress. Nearly eighty miles of the Graduation are prepared and ready for the Iron, the timber for the larger portion of the forty miles is being delivered, and the Iron for 37 1-2 miles will be delivered in Charleston by the first of June, ard it only remains for the Stockholders to appropri ate the necessary means to have it laid down by the first of the ensuing year. The following estimate of the cost of the Road has been hastily prepared, but it is be lieved the actual cost of each item will not exceed the estimated amount, and it is possible will fall below it: Graduation and Bridging $470,000 Superstructure-Iron51 bs. at present prices 850,000 Warehouses and water sta tions 55,000 Superintendence-if finish ed within two years 40,000 Contingencies 6,000-$1,415,000 3MACurIIIaY 8 Locomotives $55,000 8 Passenger Car 16,000 6 5ail Cars 9,000 60 Freight Car. 48,000- 129,000 Total coat of Road and outfit $1,550,000 The total length of the Road is 1619 miles, and consequently the cost per mile is 89.574 which is far below the cost of any Road constructed with as heavy Iron, and on so permanent plans. It is believed the returns of the United States Census, which has just been com pleted, will'exhibit an increase in the pop ulation and productions of the counties and districts through which your Road runs much larger than the average increase in the Southern States. Until the results are publjshed, we have no data upon which a correct estimate canh formed of the traffic . your Road, exceptby a comparisoi wth jinil n and through Passengers etween the North and South. Amo - this number is the Wilmington and Raeigh Railroad. An intimate knowledge of the country through which it parses, its local business and resources, enables me to institute a comparison between the traffic of the Road and the amount your Road will receive im mediately after its completion. ''According to the last report of that Com pany (made in November last) the receipts of the previous year from the Rail Road were as follows : FRoM LoCA. BUsINESs. Pansenger $62,382, 62 Freight 71,051 26-$133,433 88 Through Passengers $96.853 33 Mail 40,477 50- 137,330 83 Total $270,764 71 It will be observed that the local busi ness amounts nearly to one-half of the to tal receipts ; and this is an increase over the previous year of $20,235, or nearly 25 per cent., and with increased motive power and machinery, and the Road relaid with a heavy rail, no doubt is entertained but a corresptding increase will ensue for sev eral successiveyears. The country through which your Road es contains a larger population, its ructions are more varied and valuable, and consequently will bear a higher rate of transportation than those transported on the Wilmington and Raleigh Rtail lload. I assume it, therefore, as an incontro vertible fact, that the local business of your line will exceed, while the through passen gers and mail will yield the sanme revenue aontbe Wilnington and Raleigh Rail Rtoad. Ta'king these receipts as a basis, and withotut taking into consideration thc in crae tratv'l which most inuevitably re sult from a Railway connection (thuts dis pensing with the sea voyage) and the great er number of persons who will be induced to travel us the avenues of communication are multiplied, the speed increased and fare reduced; and allowing the exfpenses to be one-half of thei receipts, it would still yield a dividend of seven per cent on the cost of the work, and leave a balance annu ally of $26,882 to be carried to a sinking fund for the reduction and extinguishment of the debt. Now thtat all hope of aid from the State of Noorth Carolina for the next two years has fled, othier resources must be looked to for raising thme reimainder of the means necessary to complete thee Road, During the present year the subscriptions of the State of South Carolina and the town of WVimington, and about 8150,000 frome in. <bividul subscription, amounting in the ag gregate to $450i,000 will be available and can be expenidedl on the construction, wvhich will make a total amount, together with thme subscriptions still due will be a sufli cient guaranty to obtain by lean the defi ciency of 800)0,000. And I recommend aind respectfully urge upon the Stockhold ers the imeportanco of authorising the Board to negotiate a loan of this amount, upon the faith of the Company's Bonds, convertible into stock at the pleasure of the holder, and secured by mortgage upon the No time cotuld lhe more propitious thtan thme present for raising this amount by loan. aloney is abundant, and the amount seek ig investments is greater thaun at any form or period. Confidence ini R ailway securities as a safo and proitabmlo means of permanent investment is firmly established, and the price of Iron much lower than at any for n rperiod of Railway history. A revul sion in trado and an increase in the price ot Iron may soon follow, andi, therefore, it is imtportant. that the Company avail itself of thnc nrosannt advanta, without da. By pursuing this plan and with the aid of punctual payments from Stockholder,, the Road may be put in operation in a lit. tie over two years; and assuming the fore. going estimated receipts and expenditures as correct and the interest and salaries at $28,000 it will be seen that the gain or loss per annum, (after deducting the inter. est on the Bonds rroposep to be issued) as the work is hasterned or retarded, will be 8121,382, more than sufficient in a single year to pay the discount upon the whole Bonds. The amount of indebtedness thus creat ed will fall short in proportion to capital stock, of present liabilities of the South Carolina, Wilmington and Raleigh, and in. deed of a majority of Railroads in our coun. try. Respectfully submitted, L. J. FLEMING, Res. Eng. Wil. & Man. t. R. Co. D. Estimate of expenditures required during the year, between Sumtervllio and the Camden Branch: Graduation. $7,697 Timber and materials for Su p-rstructure, 10,133 Timber for Trestle work and Culverts, 4.219 Construction of do 4,624 Laying Superstructure, 6,800 t;pekes, 3,400 Chairs for Curves, 450 Water Stations, 500- $37,823 Machinery, 1 Locomotive. $7,500 1 Passenger Car, 2,000 1 Ilaggage do. 1.500 10 Fiat Cars, 6,000.- 17,000 Total, $54,823 E. Estimate of Expenditures required to furnish the Itoad between Sumterville and the Road east of Lynch's Creek. Also, ths'amount noes. sary to purchase additional Iron and com. plete the Road for forty miles from its junc tion with the Camden Branch: Timber for Trestle Work, 3,900 Construction of do. 11,550 'lmber and materials for Su perstructure, 6,260 La ing Superstructure, 8,400 Spikes, 4,500 Total from Snmterville to Road east of Lynch's Creek," . $4,610 Beltwesggg's Creek Road and forty . UIdges-materials and construotion, 700 Iron and Spikes, 8,700 Turnout Iron, &c., 2,000-- 13,000 Total from Sumterville to forty mile point, $47,670 (From the Mississippian extra.] To the People of Mississippi. EIXECtrTIVE CHAMBER, JACKSON, Feb. 3, 1851.-In November, 1849, 1 was. elected by your sufTrages, Governor of this State. My term of office com. menced with my inatguration on the 10th of January, 1850. By the pro. visions of the Constitution, it will ex pire on the 10th January, 1852. In the middle of my term of office, and in the active discharge of its duties, I am to. day arrested by the United States far shal of the Southern District of Miissis. sippi, by virtue of process, originating out of charges exhibited against me in the District Court of the U. States, for the Eastern District of Louisiana, for an alledged violation of the neutrality law of 1818, by beginning, setting on foot and furnishing the means for a military expedition against the Island of Cuba. Under thesecharges, the Marshal is directed to arrest me, and to remove my person to the city of' New Orleans, thecro to be tried f'or these alleged of' Unconsciotus of having, in any res pect violated the laws of the country: ready at all times to meet any charge that might be exhibited against me, I have only been anxious, in this extraor. dinary emergency, to follow the path of duty. As a citizen, it was plain and clear, I mutst yield to the lawv, however oppressive or unjust inl my case; but, as Chief Mlagistrate of' a sovereign State, I hlad also in charge her dignity, leer honor, ttnd her sovereignty, which I could not permit to be violated in my person. Resistance by the organized force of' the State, while thle Federal A dministration is in the hands of' men who appear to seek some occasion to test the strength of' that Government, would result in violent contests, much to be dreaded ill tile present critical condition of' the country. Tile whole South, patient as she is un. ier encroachment, will look with some jealousy uipon tihe employment of mili. ary force to remove a Sonthern Gov trnor from tihe jurisdiction of' his State, whlen it had beern withhmeld from her citizens seeking to reclaim a fugitive slave ma Miassachusetts. On the other hand, the arrest and forcrible removal from the State, of' her Chief Execuitive ingistrate, for an in lefinite period of time, would not only be a degradation of her sovereignty, but mulst occasijon incaloulable injuery and dlisaster to the interests of' the State, bly tihe entire suspension of the Executive goverlnent. The ConstJ' ition ihas not contempllatedl stich an event as the forcible abduction or tile Governor, it has not provided. for thQ performance of his duties-by ahnther' officor, except in the case of a vacancy. Such vacancy cannot apnpen wila there is a Governo tion4l' il prisoner to a foren he may be absent, d r forming his dutiem;he dO npd no other person can ex stip p 4sf floe. It follows, thereforetihat ins uolt case, the State would prabticall rsff some of the evils o 'diahercty. ^r-Thy pardoning power would be ldst. Ole could not be cominissipied orq ified; the Great Seal of'theState;i i ld a be used; vacancies. in o oopoi.td p be filled; fugitives' from ijuslc* ;cdul4' not be reclaimedi or:serrendered" ah's public works, the operiiionsuothe a itentiary, and .ll ropib aof ubli buildings must sto'i fo'r wah f;le et requisitions to-defray the of. The sale of State.fii y n location of recent graht a1 ' pended. The Convention, of the people called at the last session of he Leisatur.; could not assemble for want ofwritt'ot election. In casn'of the death ot .r'W signation of the adtvinistrativ fe ofie of the State Governmentios inp tant officers, including ti treasury, would be left without the superintend enco or care of any-authorised persoil In fine, the whole of the $sate would be in confusion andgreat inconvenienoe, and perhaps irreparable inju'. flow from'such a tate of things For a lwthe evils there is but one' reihedy.' 'h; remedy is my resignation. .. I, therefore, .fellow-citizens, Ni esl " the'high tnst confided to niy..hp4.weti no feeling of personal.egret, oxcept tat I could not serve You better, with nifeel. ing of shame, or iV arir "irnocerit of the causes which have induced the necean!t '" of this step. On . thee'contra althoo personally I fear no investigation and 'ish no scrutiny, I have a "no'effirt'aon. sistent with self-respet bavert this risuigk So soon as I learded thatLattempts won # be made, under an actpf- Co srb!. the last century. to rentovead I formally offered tohe j of the United Stes .',al rity to appear in New' the chsr~ea agamnst th ed, not to myse f. but to the1ttat, at ta, gmngaway irom hisduties her Ciefhsgag trate. i bly proposition was"notr -ceeptfd. and my remonstrance not Jagded. It is not for meoto oordAain: 'My eoarse in this matter meeta-the ipprova) onf uem of the most pairiotic ouitjzens,near god, -I sincerely hope, as it was dictated alon by my sense of duty to the -State nmaraet the approbation of my felliw.,ttiuns. . In thus parting from,,myigenerusiqog. stituents, it would be pot'to give an account of my steward idp1;Jjng.{h short but interesting period thatI hvk tt. ed as their public searvnt,.buL Jthe .; connection between us hae been -o sau'e marily and unexpectedly eserved ,1tiat I must defer the grateful task td atutab da . have but to add that, duii y but exciting period of service, maye nl things striven to be faithful and tr4e ftbe rights, the interests, and the bstoir .o State. For this, 'I have been abused and, calumniated by the enemies of the South Treachery and faithfuliiess Wouldhhave se. cured favor and praise from the'age~soi n Fellow-citizens, I now'take m l.te of you with gratitude for the ge eh 'P", port you have extended- to me, tid: iIW cheering confidence that your hono abd your interests nuiy be safely con adetf to the hands of the faithful aidaible'son" of Mississippi, who, as President of thie Sen~ ate, succeeds to my p lace. JOgi &A QUlTMAN. A Correspondent- of thd .Buffalo Commercial Advertiser gins' the fin lowing description-of a volcano in the vicinity of the great Salt LMke: 'This volcano is a paih of mudr and on the borders of tbQ Lake. IA is composed of m d, and ~ py eral acres.' Steam andwa e escaping from hafa-dos pu Theo mud is raised-up-int*1e highest not five feet surface. They' '~ tubes, 'some ha'e H.n&ie4 ~ii crystals of sulphtundpotl~~as~. ces. One of theo conesthoste and water ten or fifteen fret into the' air. It esea esa rpd~y bnd With sound ieM it from tho6 pipe~ o~ asaa e~x ngiber and it ejects hot and col4whater .at~ intervals. One cauldion,'somo~ fWe feet across, belle ti util i4t-8-w then sinks sadl 2feeta 4tu iga overflows. 'Noth nga 'seei~bt.' mass of foard; th~ ~e i ttI impregnated witjh itw4e ~ '~ genry ' rpratioh fkr thettI ste m t t~f Cot w pt~o~hy tob b# r~edS grains 17~i p~h&ri. enal dit hey iudh l heo fat in sight 4aydtthee a i and thinain fleen iw eg eatS it itafi1 i, is to the Inn ta~l IW RRy u other food. M )iyen