Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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21xtrat from Mi'.,Rhetta 4 Spech in Chrltk My frionthty ' g h -w'ee t1 nII1tteen years a Representative or the people, and twelve yours a member of Congress. Dur IV IttdI e tino have-wtatchlto with all the hitelligendo I possess, the dperati,,ns of the f; Government, of the United States. (I was no dieuniigt i 1828 anid 1833.) I do. sireiI to rofqrt the Government,- then ma Ring in the. imposition of the taxes a do. xtrture frogrithe Constitutionwhich would inevitably lead, as I thought, and then de clared. twa situiliar departure on the sub jeairslaforv. I was sincerely desirous of sayingthe'Union by enforcing the Con st'tutien, ir the .strong measures South Carolina proposed; as any of thiose- who re. sisted them. In 1837, 1 went to Washing ton as a member of Congress, and after witnessing the operation of the Government for Roverf'y arsr in 1844, anticipating the repeal,o lh 21st file, by which-j.urisdie. tion ovjt 1iubject of elavery- w-ould' he assuinted b Congress. rcamo to the con ohlsion that it was impossible to refoirmn the Goverpuent,, and. kcep it within the linitations of the Constitution Mv person al relations, as well as a sense of duty, in. duced rne1tsconmmunicate my conclusions tor him'who'was ever esteemed in South Carolina as' her wisest counsellor and friend, and by the whole South her mighti est arm of defence. He difllred with mae; maid still thought that the (overnment could bo rbstornd' to its integrity by a prop er Executive ndmimritet rat ron. At last how. ever, even he, ais, devoted. a friend t tW he Unin as existed within its biroad linit, ilefore he died,. despaiired, it appears to ime, of reforming the. Governnient. When he proposed new guaranties to the (onstitu lion,. in t1,0 last speech- he' delivered in the Senato of United States, it wa s a practic al ehcraration, that the Gdternment coul4 not be reformed, in thme usual course of its adu .tittistration. The Chnstitution as adm'in s~t~red, was not enough, to protect the rights and liberties of the South. l)eji ir ing ofatiy. reformation, which will Lrinr the Goverunnent back to the limit at itns of the Constitution:, despairing of ativ amiend ments of the Constitut ion w hih will give us new guaranties. I see but one course left,' for. the peace and salvation of th;! South,-:4 dissolution of the Uniion.. There are but two ways under l llavenr by which a written Constitution, estallsh. ing afree Government, can he preserved good fhith ad J'orce. Thei firtier is it plied..in all contracts;. for without it no con. (.on- tracts would be made. Ii our fathers who entered into the compact which :hi (,m, stitution eikblishes,. had foreseen the pre, ant state'of things in the South, tinnk you tlhey would ever have made it ! Yet.. whicn has good faith-restrained the North fro any violations of the Constitution, which their interest or prejudices have demand ed! And now, that by the inevitable course of things,. the whole power of the Union in Congress is about to be tranfer red to the free States, hopeless of cimanr,'. what must be the destiny of the South im the Union? By a skilful use of her miuor iiy power,between tlh: parties at the North -he may lo n few years ignobly keep otr tleGatastrophe; but the fate of slave cou contry,uz;dor the dotniniion of the free people Sern;tates, is- hardly a matter ofdoilatier.. :lr'rom' the origin L 1Jff Qvi f nent whetler from sheer in "' ::,x' neo ir~el aith,'ora'convictienthiat ' (emustbecmtiie t-ia fixed majority in the Confederacy, (and therefore that to make the Government of the United State om nipotont, is to miake themnselve., omnip. otent in its afihirs) consolidationi has been their policy. "Tou prov~ide for the commonh efenceand general welfare' is in their view of the Constitution, the onily it ation it imposes on1 Congress. And whatt "die -general welfare" of the whole Unutn re * inires, North amal Sout,. with respect to slavery they have not hesitated to declIarte. It is a nuisance to be abated--- curse to be eradicated-a nat ionatl Sinl to be wiped ouit and attonied for !Ifivinig usurped over it. jurisdiction in Conerress the sub lject of slavery tnever agig7 behoeve, will dlepart from thap Councils of the. Um, on. I it da in onie formo int Congress, thie North will bring' it back in another; unt . the South wealtened, dispirited, and degaded, will' vield tOemnantcipation, or dissolo he (li'Inxn Looking to- the past--look-ing to' h'e nmou of things--I deem all relianace on- the- gr'd. faith of the free States, to protect the e stitutioni of slavery itt the Sou th,. von: and futile. The South titust prom e,:t i eit.. Its force is powerless itn Congso andi in the Union, because it is a murg(. -To give tooiur pieople that pr~'r lfs t i t penc'e wvhiich the Cionstitutioni amnd Um''. was eo.. tablished to secure- thme 8'nl, se ist sever the co-. :.-ection. with' (e Northn It' a dissolution om the ('r'onr is ti, toern alteritative to submis5so toC a lov.'O .fl without limiitation irs rte pmvers,~ i t may not be improper to glance at its conse;uevbees, n thme phiysient prop-rity of the~ Mie.. . Suicht consideratmoms are noti tm to-the' g'rea ends of liberty and ucary, bu~t rray wecii bo looked to in view of adopftin- 1hi' al torna.tive. Ts there their any thinig the U~nionr niow affords, which the Soruthi could, not as u * possess wihout it I in the taxes imipo.edI and expended, we w'ilIl bt. lree. Onie-mhird the rate of duty we n'.w paiy)r ontthe chief articles ofouir inports, by the rartlt'orlth Union,willhe amply sntlicienit for t he want of Goverrnment, whifst all revenue fio taxaiont willbe rpentt wvithitn ourselv'es. The voice of insult andi accu:sa trso, ian'ti gating insurrection within our border, will be hmushedl. By ouir phsical power. we can ptrotect ourselves agi";itt f~oin nat ions: whtilst by our produtct ionus we c:ani commtand their peace or sup~port. Th'le kteys of their wealth and cemni~ierce are int our hiantht,. whoch we will freely oilbr to ttem, lby a systemn of' free trade, mackinig our prosperity their imt Crests--our securit v their care. 'lThe lingerintg or dlecayin~r cities of the Sotuth. which befoore our rev ' lution, carriedi un all their foreign com-11 merce, bouyant with prrosierity anid wealh h, tut whicht now are onily proinctial towns, raluggish smabburbs of Boston and N. York, willrise ump to their natural destinmv, aiid agAin oinfold ini their embraces, (lie richest ctmrerce of the world. Thai~t dlla~li ion, more sad thian desert habhitations or gras grown stree, or crumblimng wadls.--thlat alesolation which enters ini ' e domtesti circle, and robis thte hear,, , thec happ y immnwos who surrountds it--thait worst of all desolation--emigration, wvill cease from wvithmii our nidet. Our childroni may live wvith uis, and rise with a risintg country; mtstoad of that gloom whtich rests in the Iliwo~m of every parenlt amongst us, whmo )101 arpuid' and sees all the avenumes by which his cliihdrou may obain an honest and htonorable~ livelihooe , chtoaked imp with 'inipet:on new hopo nnd life will fill hts ant I icipationis. Wealth, honios, and r~wr and one of thu most gloriotis dlest inies whIteb evoi crowneds og great and happy peeple awatit 'the S hi, if~ she htot co~ntroll her owii foe; buit controlled by :mother people, what pent shaltl paint th' imiut'ousn antd s bloody catastropl.o wht h must mark hei fall! 1 have thus, follow-citizens, fulfilled m3 word. I have spoken with open breast t< you this night, of your present condition and future political prospects. For tht sentiments 1 have uttered and the cotnse I have given, it may be there are soma wl will be reatly to oxclaim.-''raitor I A 'Traitor to What antd' to whom ! To Souti Carolina! It is to save her in her rights, institutions, and aovereign 53, that I woul( rounsel disunion. 'T'raitor to the Constitu. tion? Thu Constitution has no existence under the constructions of ctntsolidation and the base purposes of abolition, to whirl it is made to subserve. Traitor to the Ulf. ion ! 'hete is no union without the Co,. stitution! That is its hld and condition Destroy the one, and all faith to the othes is absolved. Faith towr rds both, as th. tiovernment is adsiinistered,-are incontpat. ihle things. To nmaintain the tLnioni, is tr arcgiesco im the destraetion of the Consti. tution; and to unaintain the t'stitutiot, wo nust iissolve the Uniust; to allbrd thic only chance of its restoration. lnt let il be, that I am a traitor. 'Ihe word has n terrors for mc. I ant horn of Traitors Traitors in ainglaud, in the R-,ol ution, it the mnisdle of the seventeenit centurv, 'raitors againt in the Ievolution, of 1721' when unler the lea:h of an ancestor routl Carolina was rte'teeed fromn-the c:apri- .o":i nile of the Lords proprictore, a:nd 't'raitor: again in the R evolutions of 177(1. I Ilav( been born of Traitors in the greit cause of liberty, light ini against Ivr.insy an:l op. pression. Stehi treason w ill ever lie sninc whilst true-to mny inange. lilt it I h' ar a right, I ani not tlie ony' Trador these per. ilots tioncs have prttiiel. I at surrounl. ed by a host of Ti'raitors ready to strik, fit eguality anti indlept'ienc~e ~against thnst flagitions inceia iries; lthose real Tr.titor. whio itiwoul csoivert lue: Unirn into a Lotn: of infaious kgreditio:n, or a cordon of lire to ronstne tle Soith. Itu'S srnin frtom Nasliville, through the interior ofoner State, I learned that the peoele in (sne( of usr ilp. pner I )stricts fe:ring that thye Nashiilc N'a-lhville ('o~nventtionu would lIet a faithr'' were alre:aly a.itati:r thre' policv of Sot,- I Ciarlina It ing her' I'rhts into her owr hands, :i actinig alonein in tliir vin.hiiation There was the true spirit ofold S nulh Car. ulina, :nti I think I hs'ari it proclaidicl it yousr cheer., that -iiit le.'.t % will neves suinist ito d-ihrhono.rabl' stiff: intni irn iaint Sit( will iia h .ir -i't's' t~ltpi (it Ii' otnrth, or suppot. anyt of t 'ii,, in aL!! ,s:i'. diets hir retdress tlie" isnay p teruse, andst is content ever St) lolltow r.:aher than to lead, lint if tly shouldh kneel delws itf a (inv. erntrent vithout linsitatiS s e n its po ietwers under the control i ithel et.tsiortin ittls ant]ltntalavery pro~pagrantlibn of the( Noahll shte will nut subnit.. I M'si-pi ahtr dims ins--brave anl true in co'snsel a,= in the ieU, the' fir:st to muns. the hule. wlilieb has cailed the Siuth toetihle.r for th, vin icat ion of her right s; a iil A.ib i sna where Smnany of our sons have plhntel their hoans, nild, as we have ftnttiv hned, Isive hibed in set ing sip in a richer h:ne, a Veoisnter and frt!.he'r liberit--" pur'r adi boiflier latrel of i':trn ; arnt (;eergv-, the l'rsioiire tate of the Stithi, proud of her 'realness inc) s;trrt h, but prinler stil1 of that free spirit antI lesrs! :;:: ohrare wvhieb never yt in quadoel in S1i maintetnarce of her rigihts. A ni \irginia, the hill tle ship of the South, to whom we will nill viel I, if she yields not' herself, to leadh ts an to victory anti redlemption- great in spir. it arnid wdisdon, and 'uniConquerahle- as she is great-and Kentusky intd 'Tel'tieetee not unl astdon u, ts s sonc r thir. statesmnen hav v enitureil to pr~o -!aint, shall joist withI Abrolitioniists nut Contsohitlitionr.. ists So sublject nra to th Ir iondrir on oft the free States, shall osant hi Cauruthn snt!rrir before-uts sSt'ruggld s ucesusfuill foi.r th..u instlosetlnce anol Srfident :.Natst Sir reattrerihts: anl if' is' inst' ii', we' ena~ sssimt one bsrave',.ong~, ilast, ele'a'rate in. le. fotr otur- rights awil honoitr, ore tihe hleh 1til1 of syr:umiv i ,rt het-r th hier isiiel t 'otr eri eshort'ie T S amor ..:cit~ h- a . motsttu-sa1 le tnn he e 4t o te'ieai t l a !iri' Stie, ha'e for ti'. I *. ,e nu" I, thuit rninlying reptainuhg -e rM l ed very' hpeh:wh,' h' 'ier.--l al I l)s.erve' theb' bher ies,. and imai''2cotvn ar Del or per ised: nobely in thn eire';. ii Sria ni h-chI simil-. is ate .'a hli di r :, m b 'nt Sn. e d esa't *tir pi'o- ts w ! elen.- bh authmeni Unsioii--It Nu-:essity. Thei: Sa't hernr /wass ofS a jilie die p hsheiSl th (hAovinsg e'4tracit trin aln; iesi netxt to Sho v'ery hghesSt .~ter in tn ( hterinnient an in h Io 5iiS n of the iger-. rSin- oS its otilirnent': a ;s : wr ats::, a y :. antd-a )intriot. lTi extract tr'etd: rut : wourdl if e'tn'rient. \\' coniit' t .,,bn attenitionu oft every Soutthernt' r'';i'le:--(., ''Oi late years I it'e iao to prt i p ltdies, busti Is is .s cr.sis iihi'ch :nugta tioest sal a vic'e fruto the egrav t,. w ar' I1-t ~s hottL'ht le s ttr r'e'i I:,. h . er nia pr it'' il'dNit-Iltic'tails, \vlhlt :tr t "h ue ii b wrbi, rtte ts neiritS niii'rbl i t nt h't !.tri I --T'here is psirb:ihly liet on thei Irritic~ ca'ithdatte5 for ihe I'rtesuloen-v, ti has anyr oflier v'ie.vs ini S he s":th en os thIe sla 'vry~~ quesin 5 tirn thot of mor peirsionral adlv~uata. F'or mvi p rtI wit: voettt ftor the detvil a:- l'r'' d]f'' n wIr 3. stired] thait lhe watnb ll he'eii--r ii -t abot.., iht'ari :hirs. a t er i rque: it 'l it' I ,!e diespair of te s t tip hel at.lt' 't ' -' b placdttt Sinitk apsi'tntf '''hun2r, h :rivatageis. that ith cat h rn'rnI 'er bi'' r dstri l e t cotrous e, noit h', mni hot byt Sishis aer, wt h th's otiell lti ii ceS that for~ age oci on. It-: niteeera~ ale Chttppyt i ia poer. \\'n' hnuh.. ptml ltered byi ta l . r a nes'.l , t he.shg witlsteindrit fiyt' ::.~hitr de rod ite : all, t hei tr stat e . S h ar o lih. t S hes~ mi yt re ak ethark'h lit't>n wa . t ntit ittet-.l her I tis e s tro og to Iihiohn''i"l l t'a ethser forI ae t c lme. lit h overst. loitewoill beittby a':rneot- t ho an tits catin. In a t' cutry whee, tre sthet p :op aethelt realt ti wiov h llreige; u ah thpin car'uin at \s rt i ot thss aheri lie nott ui'":ridfo :ll'-l e.h l nel li'.l l i ask, they wouki' I)1o y psxctly what they wanted. in n,' bi i ttle is this a tinfote for them to inidu1g6 their party feelings, or sa. critlee their vital intereste to minor party distiactioMns? 'There should he but one party aiong them--the party of sr/f-de fens.c--self-preserriuim. Let hem all toe the mark 't some one great point, and there fight it out, uthoulder to ishoulder. If it inust coine to the contest of sections, the victory will be with that which is InOet lited anil hlnninolgmnous.-'lhe coiparative wea:i ness of the South will be mnale up for by the current of a groat roimnoi interest, which' is waiting in the North, anid cannot he supplied by fanaticism. We have no grent conisolilating interest, parainnit to all others, and can never be brought. to act ll concert. It is in the power o f the South to ruli when it pleases-all that is neces ary is toNI." "The feature of the Santa le constitu tion relative to sl:averv is worthy of especial consideration. The iiopress ion has ,o ie abroadl that it abolishes slavery totally and abstouitely. lint this is a inistake. Tim cons itution only prohibits slavery when the person hell as a slave is over tiwenty-one year. ohi, if a male, and over eighteeni yearn, il a fernale. 'tiler those ages re..pecti'e ly,- slaver is directly antI unet livcnly re cognizni and pernmitted. But this is not all. It seetis that the convention, while it show(?(1 no partienlar atachment for Afri can slavery as it ext.s!y in the Soithern, States of the conitnIerat, nitanifesteti great. reg;arl for that worse species of white slavery which exists in ,Mexico under the ina me of t'-:ox;ic. 'I'he first sectiin of the first article of the constituti'on, inler the caption of "inrit.CAi.t'*oN or tui r," pro. vies that "no iialt? persont shall be held hy law to serve any person as a servant, shive, or .1 pprentice, af ttr lie arrives at the age (If twent .-one y(":Ir-", n1or fettale in like tm l tier, :alter the arr.ve at the agr of ei_.-hlti.0n ye a rs, un/--'ss A / e , / in/ /y g/g,r wri c',f Ssn'a .1: r i .,vriv (:r..sI.,,i..:.orar. h ilonal lh ,v'. hfr the Pnlnishrineit of crim."' Th" c an-e pulce, servants a:ul ap'pren'icrrs on the~ S uneIi footin! ; aves, alit 1'o11( :11 tli ii aill to nt1 olunt ary servit tnte, uinder the h witch h e lce' nentiot <il; and 1th1,11 it ifly alint t'ilrely reC n isri,.* the .e'em W n' nat::e-- he worst la'r'm ' slrverv---. th h t .\'m or ie l f nn om:;y I'I'cog ': t i ll th iiit t'!: P'l;la~ 111lI ritale,111,l ;vai lt iji ill: i int t :un it u p(i ,t jsI a :1Acex '1t\ironat t. T ii-m r in ' t '' that ry te t o(--rat lie,: may h, fulI ta"nifr st t:rI,' y t hi "'l.to'inr cxt'ra t frorn a httr f.nuR ita Fe, dad .1m1! ''l )3>, whwh 11 fll)lt iio liote ti. :(;111r 1: I ol in the Oh'. irc ultme ja1n:d' i talIni : to1 11h: commin, , ,:1~o progg111!! ,i-hv it. The ' : b ) l'::[ i th n it t We yeais erl 2' h heran ti 1a ., .n e- .tl Iche i' tron.ih the strt, o f- 1 the 1' th. h inda, pnrmek lt out tin s, I few and ben out Ilngues f others Salegd to otes tnthi'Ir its p'I before rii - I t . !ho'(a/? w l ; 1 1 ni. re' :' th.- r rt '. i t -- i--l . el rtt 'n Whiaj ir luht:c-- i.tci t itt-h - iaom li; "1; .snit! m the ui i ir s ii tthe Ioptip t i ti' contiirary:. *1'111The :a'; it works:. hrej i.= 11 I'lin'wE a1 b .iNE: Im, w , i t' v ., nas hir'i by rich m :I : p P.Inter. t ht t nernntin. : 'r Ile shiep pot it' his- charg.. he retued th proper. niiir; but, in the mi.ure of flocks on th inomoutain.s, a few lld been exg change:l for others allegedl to be of less ailtr.- I1e was- takm lifre . I':'.ah.e. whio-ase'sse1ti lmn.re-.: of ten dollaNrs gone ut . foriuh hl he heto. em.eln wh Im la'hiu l ser-ser'c hi n e M .h I'''n y ars, nrol' finc'' hit <1e ru n 'to iit - el ii ''." I l i ti' , /-n -.i l lit a\4e tI 'p t ",:Els f ini itunt wer io( l:n: I ~~t . ~ . ....ii '.... ' . . \ 11:1.I. .II tie 2 t .i Iti t, I p I I I. I i it til pn i 'e 'ri- r S rni . ne ih rI'' tV ii ihin' a . ipifru- i, thi l th iinx;'-'"tiili h-nr~ii~' o r n . ri p, ii t -i Ti'aitoftm t~i.-- i im n nb b .. m - on in the Sosnate. Front the r ;ort of thin proceedings of ti o U. S. Sona. , of Monday the 22d inat., we take the fol wing cxtract: The Coinpro ite Bill was taken up and Mr. (AY addres sed the Senate at length, occupying neadty thren hsours in delivering his remarks. I * *i l'e described the nature and probable result of the 'ear between 'Texas and the U nion, atnd all aled, in eonneximn with the subject, to a sjiect lately delivered in (1iirleston, by a delegate to the Nashville Convenitn. In that speeh the speake was reported its saying thitt if no other State, iler certain circumstaices, would move in disttiiinil, South. Carolina would do so;d anl that if n nc wvouli, he, the speaker would initurl the banner himself. Ile de pircait;eed such intttimen;ts coming froi any uarter, and wais sorry Iliit the idea of dit ionion was hecanin,'r such a faisil iar sub ject. * * Mr. ihirnwelt replied to that portion of Mr. C's remarla comment.icng upjon1 a speech lately del iverel in Charlstmn. If the indi vidual alluded 'o-who was known ins the Senate, and i n t.e I Ioose-believes the WVil lot proviso to be an aggression upon the constititinnal r lhts of the Soth, which shouhi be ressted; and if he believed that the admissit n ('a hifornia would ho a vir tual enact msent 'iv Congress of that piroviso, because the poh ibition of slavery by Cali forna wldl be dittd and defeated unless it ree(i 'e4 v itality fitom C iim-s-.-t hen lie Wa tsnot alene It saying, as several States had sa bl, 1th It it s?1,tli ber resistedl. I i tin that te ters disuttioniist was becouin one whieb wouhl rot be-the h-igh. (.t opsprobthriusim. The ternm "rebel hiud been aippsIiei in ti' times of the revolution, when liberty wN a; baltized in the blood of Varren at ltinir Ilil. and ilhustrated by the bra' very of .la1 per :t ''t. Alon brio. l1' h de'iiIen led Sw'thi (C.srolitna and her devot'in to constittional I hertv; and alin-led to tht h piriLt of her sons, which w hii never siubmit to de;gradation or wan to:t agre min. Ile coniuientel 11pol)0 the eh i mn i rosed a few days since upon ,la-.it luset;itv y r. \ebster. .1. ( 'iviy dil n? iitend to disp:irage Mr. lIb+t. Iie new him and had snicis re. 'se for Ih in. lBut. if he hail made test- of th-' d''i! rations inigtniel to hiri, at the :eie'ber il I tartIo)4in, he Was a traitor an ia o ,";lid .i r. Cly, he wvill ieet wath t its ;i a tr.itor! ( asnd appi!aus . r ircyhe l that the senitmilts of dis !dsniln were cnti'ied to 4snthl (.';trolina. Ilhere w r e t int sI lor tates Is hall t :is !bt p Ol n ii S ou l ('iroliua,. nti Ie w '':!' :n-wer tor I''w : l that tr s'tsandt :aial tiis Adf ti sosnsuoh t olhr noble sons wt'nhi rii to arms m,: tit, -;;l)ort of thw stat fl'ts+. ti' h (':ionIaiin;;t the rebel,. MIr. Il tnerl! s;irl there were two ends toa ro- .\ rek~cl i i?!1ht d:e ionoinibly in. diesfence Il i' riglit lie did not, dohlt the :h:!:try of ..thlr SStat bt Su ' C-iro li '.L!on',! defend j'sstice at the' h:azari4 of sat's '. r re! tion 1t ine '-atit' stene a' t'orr't::. p an !ent of the (hais'ton .ler'ury writes f:. s fe-w. W w n ikra:os (Tr y; .Anly 2:3, 19.30. The Senate was (litle the thieatre of a s'ne i'sterdavand .lr. Cay was im;'iues tionably the Roscius. it leantl' wIlmt Was callel the closing speech on tihe Compro. nits dea te, but somne personis regarded it as rather its funeral-'lFulugimsn " ist the course of his rei Arlis,-.be indtilged its a on -. +-' ' % - t" rolina,- n t in the best 'diii -''fit . (enfmiderinss th lit he~ is the.-ver-y l' i--: i .\lntmus lit l"'iee., amil also ans isi'l on.r. Ilhtts, in lhr wtr--,e Iast. Voori N'tntr, .\r. lhrniwe'l, repulled ha'hi' r~ arks u Ih teon(iiiiO spirit and I :.'iy m i :s t fi:w remsiarl:s ebiaractecriz.'l at -iiie, by tait .;,er , y J j-/t ;s j;gg- ,. sss * !' - -.er , n:!e' ;i., t hey :are for thei it ,- *ir:, a; bi i7 'lriastirv (it~sih-ft'er - - r - ' h ii - r eit' were in r..n'usr s. 'so. u : -- w ,,3:1 ;;. ' . , : a v. re ins the'e by ir at ns or' 1., rieil, n- iii e . ' 5 -led ' ith the h1 ..? A m t .lrszr. i i~r weit S. ni n i-.ii .-ri S istat , t lh S h~' - * .i he u' Ud 1ii st'rr t'r Io i,: he? Ii14 I-'I t ' ay , r i , aun t - - a e :m ~nscrpul stjritys, andi b i hi:. 'roid- mn*vi sttrtl fr'tcseti a a J..r he b 'hir ex in u - K -on (',rnim .a ' seo-e- radmi' 4n i. I 1n iir a. t d h I i h b : t -.0 1:1tun itri wh-h ii i i t h run .\ r.('l-y nsti I h,- ' c -i Air o br, u- n~st ra -no wa r rtween b ii n io'ie rather ut t isti. .' rii\, ' t o athe b. - We know not what may be lhb trl _ of the people of other Southern Sateis bitt we feel assured, that, if Mr. Rhett is a trait or, all the ctizens of thie State,.witl, but fe oxceptions, are traitors al1. Washington. Correspondence.. OF THIE CHARLES3TON COURIER. JULY 25. It was ascertained, last week, that the Compromise scheme must certainly fall in the Senate, without some essential amend ments. The friends of the bill, therefore, conferred with each other, and with those of the opponents of the bill who were most placable, and they hit upon an amendment which will, as ther think, enable them to carry the bill. This is a proposition to strike out the offer of a boundary line and com pensation to Texas, and insert a provision for appointing three Commissioners on the part of the United States-to agree with Coin. missioners to be appointed by Texas, upon a boundary line and the conditions and con siderations of its adoption, the same to be obligatory on the parties, after receiving the assent of Congress and the Legislature of Texas. It was found that, if Congress should -it until doomsday, they would never agree upon a boundary line, nor upon the consideration to be paid for it. To refer the subject to a Commission it i'n accord ance with the practice of the Government. In 1802, the controversy between the Uni' tcI States and Georgia was settled by Com missioners; and subsequently, the disputed bomtlundary between Missouri amI the Terri tory of Iowa was thus settled. The amend ment has not passed, but it has been agreed on in canci,.unnd was otilred by Mfr. Il~rad burry, of Maine, heretofore an opponent of the bill. The friends of the bill now claim the votes of the Senators [roan Alabama, Deliware and Maine, and also the votes of Mr. Morton, of Florida, and Mr. Sebastian, of Arkan:as. There is much doubt, how ever, in my opinion, whether they will get all these. A bill of thi sort is the mialy one that can ho' passed at this seswiin in relation to the distnrhbin, question; and it is thought highly expedient to pass it as a means of quieting agitation and restoring Congress to the ex. ercise of its proper functions. It is well. umderstood that the- newachnin istration is in favor of compromising the Tex-n question and opposed to the athnis sion of "ow Mexico as a- 3tate; ln fine, the policy that governs the adtministration is 11r. WobMter's and Mr. Clay's policy;. as ot"untimes declared and laid. downy iy- then It would be absurd to'bring in New 3fexi.. n as a State.. witl-tu view- to' enable her-to settle the liruudiry-diipute-througth it. orti courts: for, it the-claint of' Texas shieulil be estahliilaed,. she' would: alisorb- thme itourtls of the State and nearl"tall tlie popu. latin. Desidia, tairswhit Sthtatiatre; for the mit par-t, mul'opposed to taking in- any more iunerlltad partners To crowd the-Se nate' with States,- which will never send moure than-one representative to the- Hlouse; i uijust to. the larger States.. Only three-of' the di.partmnents are actu:. ally tilled, to-wit: Statis,- Pbst' Otlice;. and Trreasunry. Mr. W~elister,, M1r.. It--il,. and Mr: Corwin Have entered on their dutties. Mr. Ciahant hus accepted the Navy Depart mient.. but has not arrived here.. It is sup posCd'that Mr. Crittenden has- accepted the ipot of Attorney General. Mr. Blates will probably decline the Var Department. Mr. Pearce ias posili'vely refused the Ilo9e De. part:nnt. It is not true, as stated, tzta-Mr. Pearce waVhIneligible to' that olice;. b-cs~ise lhe hats enteronl upon a now teruii of aix ye:.rs. sincC die- bill creatintg the ehlice was passed.. Pr%'ide'nt Fillmnnre~ iris-saids off'ered die Pn terior to M~r. lltes, but it is doubtful wvheth. or hr w~li accept tay post. A Secretary of WVar is to be~ taken from the South.Mr Conprad, of Isnisiana, has been talked of. It was determnined, it is said,. to oit'or the At tonier Generaokdhip to MPr. l'etigru,.of 8. C., in case Mir. Crittendensu declined ii.. Th'e. oflicers of the Navv, A r-ti-and M'fai riuie Corps, including Genierais Scott,.Wool, .Jesuip, and' Gibson, antf t~mEstodIoms MErris :aind Wa:rrin~gtona wtetd on the P'resident, in full uniifoirm,-on Trisday.: ITe President at1.liis himeilf' diigently to' his ditties, and dos o appear to be at al1 elated' by his ele. aio.Ie makes ar firvorable impression oni simangers by htis fine, honest faen; aml trodtannors. h-ie has not iilledi his Cabi. not yet, and cannot do it until Ite knows miore din~titely the views of those to whom he has madem off'ers. Ife wishiles, it is said, to take one Cabinet otlicer from a Souathern or Southiwestern cottoni growing State.. Tlhe I iaise has at bengtfr taken tip the ap pro print ion bills. They are qutietlgawa iting i.- act ion of the Senate up~on T'erritorial hiust ions. It' the Seniate hasL made slow pro. ,' rtti the ailiust tnent of the (lltest iontS ot the diay. the I louse has made none at all. biI Thsy wouhinot event pass the California hi'l. fu at monthis of' discussion, trave it up for miisellaneous business. At tile rate a which Congmiress is goinig on, th, sossio~n is likely to be mntermuinable. There is still soeme t'dk id' pnssing the A ppropriation b'ills, mail djurng until the first Moniday oh' Oc tobmer. ['Te fdendsad of the' cotmpromuis, hill in the Sc'niat'' attemprjti'l, last Ceenin-.v, to set it out, hmt tht'-y hadl not the' strength. Mr. Clay st ronglyk appeialedl to the body' to take the finil '( ii''tioni on te ill. I110 stated that lie was woirn onit. ai:ra phys~ica:lly uanable longer to at 'iind lie Senmte. lI I woinhI be obliged to 'away haiimse'lt re accannxtt of htis htealth. Thli aipeeal was ini vo. net it was found imiposs-ibule to get the qulestionm even on the ennenis i ame~ndmurnt , refeurring~ the Texatn pui. tion toi a batni of cnomssiners. Mr. It' "it,,; was tierc'e ini l hostility to thte ito 'ailhiint. A finer V.'ait ing seven monathas. th:'e onunitittee of thtirteeni have, lhe sa'id, struck icnt thti vital part otf tlteir hill-delstroving its oly V(1 riimnt---thle tmionie bT1. T1hey'ha ie cai'dljl m to tr.tde onl, andi. like ot her batik rupts, havite so't up thle commilPsson business. Mr. Ilatoun atnd others will undou~,ibtedly' keep the lill biaik unttil the v.icant seats of'Ohtio anid .ll cus etts are' tit led. Tlhaey wtill bothi Ihe il- hv Seniator4 opposed to the~ bill. Mr. l'wii late Scretary otf thin Interior, has lie'ni a ppointed Seniato'r byv thin( Governor of t:iio, liut c'lanot take hi .ient till is creden-. ials com nca. lI[e imay hiave go t themo last imihtc. 8o the hill is noti out of danger. Negroes in Ohio. Thei~ followting extract relative to the ne gro race tm taken fronm a petlit to the coni ventiton in Ohio. The petition is signed by numiieronis citizents oIf that state atd prays that steps miay' be takemn for the r-peedly rem'iovah of' all coliored persons f'rom thte i'tatLe. "If the accounats of travellers can, be be hered, they were foundh by the wrhite tman whten he arrestedl themn in their career of barbarity, and transported theom to the plantations in America. It is trite thait they wvere retaineid as slaves, baut it is not, as is every iday assertedl, that they were taken fromi [Freeomt in Atrica andr were hpat in bonds. On thte contrary they wtere inmely tranorteil frma -, brut-,l:zed c.... dition A~ltavr ion al and c iisd r . :3n neAmork" 'Jae spegia lb were taken from thel t ,. supp 'with the:hinl it hubudry: 40 .wilch thes wore tauht to'ea tiiheir + ad, and from henceforthi they ceod iJive upon the flesh of their'fellowlnen. Hfave thy then been injured'bv the'wkite auen We think not. But on the contrary, think It mentionable that their. transFortation to the plantations in America, ha.s beers the greatest blessing that ever reached'the Af rican race. Here they are. taught to be useful, are-well fed.apdt taken chro or.. And many are now rettftning to th land of their fathers, with their mnds -stored with the arts and sciences ~ of a civilized world, which in the providence of a Divine Being, bids fair to redeem and regenerate the dark, benighted negroes of our hopeless Africa." United States Census for 1850. As the Census taker is about to visit the Citizens ofourDlstrict, we publish for their convenience the questions which the head of each family should be prepared to an. swer. ''hese questions wese published in the Newberry entinel by Mr. 1?brr. the Assistant Marshal for that District. lst. Question, The.number and names of each and every white persou ina family on the first of June, profemsion and- occu. pation of each. 2d. Value of Real Estate owned. :'l. The plAce of birth, of cacir member of tim fanily 4th. How many married within the year ending first Juno 1850. 5th. How many attended school. 6th. !How many oer twenty years of age cannot read and write. 7th. flow many slaves; the respective ages and color of each. 8th. Ilnw many of your slves have escaped from the Htate; and how many have not been recovered within the year ending fast June 18.50. 0th. How many of your slaues lave been set free in the same year. 10th. flow ninny of your slaves are blind, deaf, dumb, or insane-foolish. 1'1th. Name the persons in your family black or white, whio havedied' in! the year ending 1st June 1%W,- their une; scx,.col. or. free,. slave;. mairrind' or witwed. pliace of birth,, the' monti' inawtiicli' the'or sh6-adied;. profession,ocupauir..-wiiich: he-orshe'por sued;. tie' diseses or cane of death;, num ber of dav4 sielh. 1'hi I'fow manyatyres of linproved' land'. and how mauy' utimpimved liave-vou; 1:'tht What is the cash. value of your tract of land; 14Th. What is the-value of your planta tion instrutnests,. including cotton gins;. thrashers,. corn shellers, straw- cutters,. fans,. geats,- wagons,. carts,, axes,. hoes-. ploughs, &c:.. P!5i Il'wn imny- liniras.;- asses- rnd' mules h-avt' you: l'0th.- 1ow many n'ilcl cow.y working oxen; and'other cattle have you. 17th. Iow many sheep, hogs, &c. 18th. How much is all your live stock wort h. 1901 How imanywiudiels of wheat,, cern,. rye, oats, did you make in the year ending first June 1850. 20. flow mnarly bushels of rice or lbs. of tobacco did you mtpke thesame year. 21. ow m n lea of gine cotton did you ake, . oachin the year 1849. . shear in the smeyear. 23. Ifowv many bushels of peas, beans, irish potatoets sweet potatoes,. barley,. and buck wheat, .hil you inke in- the- same' year; state ech-l separately. 21. How miuch was- the- psrodrt of-your' orchard worth inr 1849t. 25. hfow mnaiy graoof wvine-did you: inuke-'in thie-saume-year.. do ' \%twsyu aktgard'en wrth I foteane'year7 elidingr first Jnne 18.50. 27. Ifow niany- lbs.. of butter andi cheee didh von make in thme sonme vear. 2'3. hlow many tons of tiay drid' vrra runke. 29. Ilow stmany bisbiels of clover and other grass seeds dhid you make. 30O. Ilow many lbs. of hiops did oirurai.,e. :ir. liow ninny tons of dew 'or water rttted Aemap did you mnake. :l'. hlow~ many lbs. of trax d'id vou nrke. :13.- tfow mainiy bishel.+of fiax seed dlid von ike. :i . I low lnany' lbs. of silk cocoons did you raise. 35. hlaiw much. sugaz' and mnilasmses did you makec. 30. Ifow uch~t is the va-ne- of all your homeu smile mianiufacture.. Ji. Witt is thre value -ofta'llhi- ani. mails you slaughtered in ?84.T 39. What business na a muecirmic, man uractusrer, pmdl~uctor, do yout follow. :). Wha:it capital have you investedl ini the business you pursue. I40. What qluantity, kind, and value of Iraw noterials (10 you use.. 4Ti. What kind of power,.steam or water,. hor.<e. or thatnd machinary, structure, or re sources, do you employ. feled you employ in yourbuie. 43:. W~hat is the average wages you pay for hianals! state eac-h separately.. 441.. Whnt are the annual prodtucts of youir business, ini qhuantity, kinds, and value. Teachers of Academies and Sc hools, will please answer 44th 45th 4th 47th and 41. hlow miany pupils have you. 45. What sum is annually reabized fromn the endowment of your school. 416. hlow miuch is raised by taxation to 47. hlow much is received from the pub. tie (muds. 48-. I low inach fromi other sources. Alt wvill answeor the followving questions: 491. What lhhrary have you; distinguish the kind, Law, Medical, Thecological, or literary. 50. llow many volumoes in eachi. Thle Ministers of diflerent denominations will please answver the 5ist question. 51 llow many ('hurcrhes of' your de rin~iation) arc ; here in the I~strict; how. many p:ersons will earle acconinudate; wvhat is the v'alue of the Chlurch, property beltonging to your denomoinat ion. 'l'ac Coninissioners of the poor, keep ers of the P'oor Ilouse, will please a.isaer 52d1 question. 52. What nammher of paupers are sup. pot-tedt in the listrict of Newberry;. how ma.ny foreign; how~t muc-h then coat of sup por'. annualt -. The C .r f the ('ourt will answer.~53rd quesCt~O. Sheril 5 th. 53. hlow miny~ criminals were convict. ed within the ye'ar ending .lone 1st, 1859; 54-. Hiow many convicts iu .ail first .June, 18504; how many native-hus~ mnany foreign. Tho citizens of the District, wrill please prepare themnselves to answer the dlihI~rent qutestions, as it requirs adeliberation to an. swver anmeof irhn nacstion.4 anl the o,-t 1 . , The "g rek or . s ligdhece litoia tho hades of the passenger' ive fire occured at Bat Prane acp 14.th ut., over 30- buildin ver ., Y troyed and the lose is qatimated o 004 The fire is thus descrjb~d b 'i4 d =' 5 corrospondenco of tle New YorkSun SAY FaetworI 18thrufe nR Msae ]W...WTois Apio.thT ;&j 4 *destructwye fire" fortis rye conrsmotioh, of interstI, tind .our semningly devoted City,. - ' last, 14th inst, about 8 o'cfiuu .r omnmg, a fire brokehnut, ' bk lence, rapidity of d<estruction ta asmtunt of property destroyed,,J' either of the two previOutfires it t we have been vitedi ' the upper part of the Sacnento" Sacramento street, the day and one of ous strong north.westrd just beginning to whistle , forth. strength; in addition, the high sprin were on the approach, and just prevndauro which, the flats in front of the city,' the sidea of the Central Wharf, are al" left bare at low water, even beyond1 end of that wharf. It was at this ' . low water, with the flats left entirel =.'. for hlnif a mile distance from the to the the fire- comneoced. The fir'e'ngiepr. were immediately stationed in a.line the wharf, the hose unrolled and copl,. but before they could'be worked, the recedes ir tide hnd-left tie hose which -led ha the water enrieely- dry;. no nore leagte ., could be had, and the engines were, n doned. lb the meantime- the-scene in thie siretsG bnlfrl description. Many w-eredeented RP - breakfast; coflee was poured down, hat and'. _ cracoer siaed..and.all iusediately .bohed, from the tal'e to tfle street,. almost at " bound. 'T'here the greatest conflisi1n wiled--at- noft're in' New Yor k,-er hI mire part- of the-globe,. has yourr cir ed]neen ti 'itnessied- so extortluinary at People- like- beer swarucdIl in, every d; trtian;. some,. stblittng. t' save tleft own property,. wvcre rattling' it intb' tle stnetu- rhn. every dhort o ' laink pmprty a- few doom; ofi . ' ste to it few were attetndinig to tu . all' instat of~ their own tb Tool fer',- amid thif insy' crowd honems and crtfli mulee,,' Iwagons, porters, were rnoving in.every di rection, nuts the whole .cne,-accompaniedi., by the-noise of cmtcklinsr timbera ,.arig' Ilamseos, the whiitliiig offtie vind. tie' out cries of ttiloeople;.-an dthe-neigfii o! " the afri'i;ed' aniinais,.mny Ue etter-aiagihedl - then dscrtie!s. "Psa' le.s than' thirty inuteeffromfit$ corn mencement, she tire, driven before a stroig wind, had croased 3 Mngritgmoryistreet, at. the head of CentrarWharf,.atytthat block,* many buildings of which were-but Just erected, war, ir dIhtne. The. fire thei crossed Sacramento street,.at ill polhu'tis sweeping clean through to California stre witli-some few exceptions,'' ad to Keain v'W street on the west. On th o'thwarttiu wind va' aide- of the fire ed 01 nd' burnmid dowin e * et and ings-.t tire.1 intgom wiase ex aWha' ' dlouds of Afisi ignhiidb~t" from' the' fi Em t~e"'ppoditis ertm- - Provingg fromiinw1po~tiion~tte- ietnbr hiile' blocit, of walunie- sttorese, inelading- lnet quan'ites f hnberstored' in'tfie-'eas~and 1e ar cwmr hiouses in close proximity.. hikery exertion wacenteredfor the time othis and the imnmediately adjoining build 'I'icethe thames caught in the rear and weree~siishaed, and after two hours 'of unlremitting efhipt, the fire was checked tW the northward..the-commrnrbuJikling standing blackened- and scorched,, but safe. lisd this cornir buifding canthst fire, in ever pro:bl ity the '\'antie, i arehouses woiak hwtae shasrt-d the samse fate, and conarmiuni cated to trhe store ship General Harrisona. just henledl up, and from thencece'eseing~' C~entral Wharf to the Apollo Warehouses, and to) thers Tihomnas Bennett stores, woukd hnve- e:gended anmong the shipping of the lirarboer. F'ortimately the fire was checkid-' andth se otingeinces avoided. In the mneantitne the head or trio Central WVharff Iaisd of the two priat wi of Sacramente afggffge thesse eleised alfeem'mnnl \t tf shore to'a large body of people,. gathert upon the whsarves to' secure their goeda, wh'len the lire tirst broke- out. ('onstant evplt'iones of'gun powder, of tie reral humfsdred thous.'ad packa ,- fiGre crack. ers, or guns,. psistuLA &c., v'aried tis okclve Rwnt. oft ~thonr. Smnall sqnads ofort ".wore "dragging their 'show lengtha along m'th mud, in the fiats duri the forennon..engtged ini saving goods. One or two coastmt g vessets, lying at the shore, were destroyed. L-irge qluantsies of'god aouh safety in the "A pollo,"andl wsarehousess 'tj cant. for convaencoq or shipping.as soon as the ride shsonlj conm ins. At 1 o'clock the fire was chsckedl and a dbsolate area of fbur squaare~s in the butsiness heart of the city ilowed its ext(ent. G E:. T.un's I~lyeanrY..We regret to see it stasted in a hetter to the New-York lepres, that (Gen. Tuyvlor's family are not likely toi be as comfortabhlo in a pecuniary point of' view, s was- generally su pp .a l ie Ic1 ntio will. We subjuin the folown extract f'rom the latter referred to: 1 When he left for Mexico, it is stated, that im tharee senled' letters, lie left difrecti'ons fo~r the mn:imaemnmt oIhis property, in cus o hsi decath there, in which wasn supposed to be n will, nand those three letters were not open ed till attler his bsurial here, bitt no will .was, amnongst. them, andI the directions applied to, am property which i's niow almost wholly changed im it form. "Indecl Isis f'amsily' now's haveo no homies ands thiere'fore, Mrs. Taylor, it Is supposes w i nost re'turn toi lamnisiatna, lki plantation on the Alisms~ippi heas been sold since hir cae~n hiere' to enamble' haim to purchase a sugar dannoisn belmow, so that hoa ha lost. I'rasviouslyv, however, lie hadl puarchaasedau Iother, ,sindwayv plaittation, but that han ttuneds out to lho a very unproslamble piece of proper-. ty, mnakinug no crops, in consequience o~ be' mng fhmoded repeated. Theni the hoanestead is g4"'' ta iase one paymeisnt on nar planm~s ann ua ieh sonscatbing like seventy orn eighty thsmoias dhollar4a nmst a'ow be diunf I--noI thee iddile plantationas is sueder waters e'obbl o o. tho- 1'resuidunatial lr was relied uponx to niet the tfurther ptynimont on th1e sngayr pilanttation, but that wni .i unne-C' Yunll ses frii their jgnedd~l aCe that General Taydn dhed i rtvry fasta' nato imafor thie'inte'ere lil h i ilV I hita,Tnrevioussly haowever to Ce. .91im' mas. 'ona';shersble "sm of mmen vy, ek Al