Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

a, ,r ;r ^ L.V!S#s '" tt S .r."'. I r ':! ,y<"; , " Ma "C '+l yr "t "' ''', it- ' ' * .- ,, t % l' I"y%i+,Mt.r .,M, t. {. r s ., . . ,+..wMrwtiwwHM +rwMYr.a M.'i k:.1M ,, " :fl , rRMM , . tiaa '+IC:. : . ' i r , t,+a. 111J of,:i 1r,, r ! ,l y i t 11 -r;. !:Fjt . '."" fl.t ''il . ..!: " ^ + }ir'" "" .1 :' ") ' ,f ,..:r S. ,. ". } 1 Ir t+. , +1 ,.1f i'" % ;iti J). 'r. '.1'+a7' ?? 1 f r" ' ,. ," .. ., , l .1., J'r lf> ' It - t" t , ;, r 1f 'C'Qi ' f , 1 t i i. Z!, IL DETOTEB U SOUThERN Pd'GIIPS, D1MOCflACY, N1WS, T1TERATU1U, JAS. N. V. RICNAIZDSON, Editor. .Will. J. ,FRItIUS, Proprietor. '14 rQu u 4u 0111' L wt z .i' 1ti ." ---- VOL. l W ; SU11ITERVILLE, N. C..JUL'Y 3, 1S5 *''wpDo1a1irii advance,, T~wo D~nllars ~ruid 0'ift )Oi!tH3 at theO ex,tatioii of six =-ititths, or 1ir~bh lUolhfru at the end of the No r 1 discontinued unjtil nil arreara' u4g(iile_ ul.hl-:at the optiotn of thne ;: "h , ~~i3tltt inserted at 7" ctr'. 'tpnr square,.1 lites or less,) for the first. 04.lo all. Arlyert iseinciits or tlk~ hw xil hoe A Trcat liv SCIENCE 0F. AGRICULTrU]I 11V P11. 'JOHN\ S. icirl. Agrkictre--'a rttoat d of iiinh pt "C --; the selcncC 'of assistingu \:~t in thb jrodaiction of ve c~taibl matter ::las~ 2 it lb hot Yet given to niVai to draiw ai Il~ myst~,ic veil, aindl at01 oie'huiCe C vt ut anti stiiiiC 1lborattfrv tsee&lhQ cii ling beauties thlieFO 'ni cortiprcit,' the ;amazinig mnachinations' of her I, lc art, :the tcicnC'e is 0.ne -of peculiar, 'inth irir;iiI7 inteirest, iidle [ letiol all ut l-:o' r:!. Ot liti t l rtin act u iil i ~ ic . iiill If *to look 1115)1 [t'o "1c 11t i1t/L~ tile i~ibliiti tiiiii ofa the hil1 ; ,, cilte his ?wips fruits, and the mu hil,:t . ,. ^! 1ted flnweri w~ithi their * a rii riS per fiumesq, ari contetnfulate aitrin: and % cgxqiitc heattictirth 01 ~YiScience ) stet the itost pleain . t'd ittiral mivo of ,n, it cetlaiii rlm n~i~ thce 1 eiiev coytea in', - 4j; , 't~reparcs it in i "t~itnc".wlh shall -stanid o f.ttoevdns seare 'not to 4i- 'ft t; as t'he flrfit Siole work e it~s weire iitrtuctced in the , their Ilisobeilicne, 'that they .RC atteat hchsbeen restoredi to 'their ctail >Itnce .foj~q o l, it is litera.lly liv i4ato lrbrw"ta "~ye "It' as of divine origin in fgy pt, as 00uk of thei r gods even to this day, :The ('reeks and ftonnansr sang "' s* 1o) the goddekss Minterab foir -~ 0~in~Io eiheranciciit 'Oir inidtern, l reQde in the scale of ;greatness, ijtat knowledge of Agricnture. 1y. >ti; V&iostris event forth in imnrsuit ,o 'nnighty Conquests, and rcturined with kingly' captives at his chariot wheels, ",;.Egypt was an.Agricuhtural nation. \V1ien 'ir4ecegave birth to such sons as $ericles,, Thi bimistoclo, 1fernosthenes, Aleibjailtes and / &othora, and hail eliinlactd high on the laddter fprosperity, in the fine arts, in literature, % i\1 ..n !1nd1 in riche, .t... was n.. ...rr mav ' cas" on a subject, that has become indi-pe-dinle to the continted growing welfare i t the ciiliz"d world, and stand: befirc as in so gigantic an aspect, it wil be iteL'ssary to introduce a science 'or the urv, which, if htat new, has not, hitheric te it regarded in the light of a science; ata 'i'wing the diflienitics that will be on '-teitcred on all sides, in the pronulgatioi a anv nw theory, it is not altogether with 'at stme degree of embarrassment, tha one conmes to treat of the earth, ibt a ',p ist, but physie/gri&st-which inplies th xiste~net'of a living pr-inciple in the eartd A, ;r tlen as an appellation is necessary he' new science in question, may he calle ithtat of the peh ysiolvi*?py rit/lhe earth. Life, at: it is written, cane from ill breath of -God, it is as incnnprehensiblc as the (od that gave it us, therefore, it i but imperfectly defined. The physiol ogis can only say that it is a principle in Nat li-c wlhi<'h evinces itel(f by certain actions, it organized muatter, viz: hltelligence Sena tion, Motion, Secretion, igest ion, l'ro-cre ation, Alsoritin, & r. These are it-resfilt in the highest organi.ed kingdhomn, to wit the anttu:ael, and only a few of these resnit ioog to i:: t eth i ale h~uindo. ide temtent of a certain combination of tissue. organitelli inl a-ce-tttin lere ot symetpathy as respects the ahaimai al: n veget,lae kin, dolms, liltk rcquir.; for i*, existence air, ali ment. water, ca lorie, artd besides (in th< vege'tah kin(dolnt light. It is known it exist, not t only in an active, but in a pas sire. or latent state, as in somee of tel in feriur or eoktf-hlo. ded anita'ls, aril i vegetable gcertn ,'to wvit: see-', grains, &c taid -itt -cry'. Nu4eh is life, accordig t physiologists 'of this alvanced period modern science : a suee:hin-.r exceedingl: subtle, impotdet able, iiv sihle, iy} 'rionm It is not for aitai to say hat it is likn w'hat it of, how he cane by it-say fromt Go ; V--whence it quits him, nor tWhit i er it guesa. Its phenomreuit f existente il the afte 'or passive..- 4t, perV"j 'rTh eat oif ht'nbodc; which then 1or detgo dcerpsiticnt, hid assttre the ier oral characteristics of the earth; since-: it is written--" dust, thou art, and tauto du: thou shalt return." Thtt, if when matte both anitial arind vegetable, colnstituates, aL ter denth, a part of the earth, there appeat no inst leasorl why it shnll not Ie wh living :'then, iftihis he trite, it follow:, ilh: the meart-the t iner: I Lingiev r--is I.. i or, Ir. a:hcr wordhi,enilo tw with life, cotn erary to the lonz cstab!i)liied and preva:i ing oapin ion, uh ieb loublt less: hA its o>ig in the earth's phernom.ena ei !ire t eerrir; -Iess active and thetce more arrbign'u and in the fact. that moan was maure ft tili:ar with tlhe life of the other tw Lingd!o.mis. The idet of is' rrl li! seets to have escaped (he eve of ,e once altgeher, and was formed aln trm the knowledge of the life of lh vegetable and anima: kiintrdomis, the earth' direct oil prings, or more highly orgianize contstittent 'ftyrts. A tree is eidoiwedl wit life: its til t eing of a igher uter of oa uanisut, po;sesses the vital princip'es in hiigher dlegree acconuntly~, and the apt: puhlyitalog.ist-, faeedlig toi this fruit, wonl betutre thiaat t Iact aloneu couta ?ine a te it. is int respect to thle iniitd ofi iu~aa, in r'' pert lto the lute oafll he erthi, tor that ut., sal /l/', pervad iall mtn~lter. For such barge boady as t he (Nai-th to conttaith .la kitnd otf active lie ats is knowna ti ai e.us i. thie (rganmie k ingdomtis, theou iagtmable rr stit won iih b donhiltless, somtethling~ a,'o dant wit that. harmn ty anal w isdou i ptlayed an the divine pln oif N at ure. St; pose for te sake of ilast raatioen, or ftr thI metrO readily ('onctmei ving thet idea, thatt soln antial-nat elelthanlt sho'ni gd~row uvtp (hec yatntt the bounds o~f probab~dily) tot the Eni lionts af t he earth, aaeatr twentyV-live thI ou s.anid uitiles in grirth, his life's iiititionts Lee; ing~ paCe~ with his rrrowth ! here wotl bi IsiuadtN ..'auh'ri, or soethittg cotntrary the piant (tf Nature, (mutt inithii: /.e, ie th idea designtede toi be0 tconveyed, hut ini lhft. yet1, in accordan tce wYitht the desige of Na tiure, the signs of life, ini this entormtotas e ophtant, would not be dliscrneid aty mnir plain thtan they are ntoW iA the earth. Th livinag prinieii is adore enrgeth-. andt at tive, int limuinnttivye animitals, thtat it is in lari ger (oneS : on inustatncte sotme iea may bt itcoeie by c'ompintg a hlet, or anty lii to use lihe flea, sintce tuuler the powni or of the miyero cpae, hiis foermi is very Ik that of a he elephat. Now thetn, ir t lie lie itt t itiet leap six fact-ndt lie will go little oveor thait whent yti~t to ii ntmto' .,traian--hlow inanty feet wall the olepahiar leap, supptosing lthe beiler to h'ip ian lpre pttrtion to httm si"! Instead otf the eler pthtait .-jeaingtt accoerlding to htis 5i:se' o~ve thact of)1 thu ii Ihluo s'ta tof bite ir hi at tivity is so touch diminished, that he can se-arcely leap over twice the distance to which will leap rho flea. Tihus, if the liv ing principle, or active principle be lessen. ed to so great a degree in the proportion oft cthe siire of the flea to that of the elephant, to how much more tnust that be diminish ed in proportion of the size of the elephant to that of the earth ? So it ceases to be a wonder namely, that if the earth be a living body, its life is so obscure to the senses, as to lead to the linevailing'opinion that it has no life at all. In the anithal and vegetable kingdrnrs. is traced a high organizttion, whirl,, to a physiologist, seems to be essential to life and it is contended that in as much as the, earth is not a sort of orgatnic matter, that the implication is, that It is lifeless; hut who durst say that it is inerganized ! Sup. t pose the demonstrator of anatomy, had be fore him the liver of the already supposed I. big elephant, or any other of his organs. for dissection ; would its tissues seen th hint the same as ran-liver or hog-liver I Ily no means ; then would his scalpel cone in contact with lithe, flint, marl beds, and fossel shell, sand stone, and nehb!es. The earth in organized-it is globular, regular in form-it has a regular succs. sion of tunics, or strata~; it has its oceans, its lakes, its rivers, its little creeks ; it has its fifty odd, several and distinct constituent so-ts of-tissues-namely, gold, iron, silver, iodine, animals and vegetables. &c. &c., - as ivell : a man, has his several parts, to - wit : glands, tnomseles, brain, dermis eper i - dermis, &c. Ilhit then, it is not contended here, that its organizatidn is as that of an animal pctosessiig its several differettt sorts f of organs. 'On the other hantd, if int'drit ization sinilar'to the most inferior animal organ ization. to 1vit:: tite Zooplmite or l'oly pus, be established, it will sufice, aitco that is of the same tissue throughotit,'ttnd - each Piece cot ofl, or severed from t'ho 'bcsly, it matters not from w'hereaioutu, will 4W UIR 'far its existehce, matter; so if the object of natter be for the exist - gneb of life alone, it may not exist ivithmot s life : and the earth being matter, (it fol t lows) may have life ; thus then, hiten an animal or tree dies, in the common mean :tg of the word, it is not dead, but only ua undergoes a change, loosiing the life pecil a liar to itself, and retaining that, a - a con'ti t trent part of the oarth, to which it belon:::. There then can he traced a sitihi - tuie. honi ever ambiguous it may appe:ar, in - :I! of iature's works, from the greatest to n the mtost insignificant: observe that, for in stance, (it any) between the trunk of a tree, and the earth. On the uuorface 'of a tree the livinor principle seers arilo ac o tive. The soft vaclani hark retrns to be ~e eindveti wit'h a higher degree of life than - any other part of the tree, (save the fruit,) t- the sap next, andl the heart or deeper parts, e exhibit no signs of life wi hatever, sitt'e s 'tint only necessary to belt A t'ee, Yhit is, I inake a cirentir iticisioa throu.rh the bark b and .ap in erder to destroy life. Anil .< is - its reseiltlance in regrrrl to the :arth there is 't ratumi in ithe tree, to correspoiid - w~ i :,:r~rzmnI hue, in the ca:ribi ; here is a I dark rieb oin the mufiie, tn whicb ni. - tist l nd vegtable hic, hbm.\. riames in "woriat - sensible tito n,"' there t ha bark-sutrface, - t1I it h its won:; firelff secret,'ry timeltcat - of hhtitd ainl tnutric'iouas gum ;t to cr:-y' (nut :u thn siumili! (ile Itil art her, there is thet ve. t'cthbll i'oa~t, or last Itritttn,-if sn, it itniv ii he tt clled, ott the earth ; herte are the 1nw - dowe. id wanh mrg~aim, aind hite) thenrt', ;Jh t nmatedu itatiure, wvithi min ;Ihere, the set d1 - *,f the fruit, to staind ag~rntt~ him: :end then -intferenmc2 iS. thi' iiinimtoh asine t '4o the he of the! tree, wvhichl is cnniin! to - ther frui nod sreid, the' ldtter i, eno-.xed - with Iie pec ular~ ton itself, (to w.'it, the lie - of ' proratiott,) atiimials, i'nepentdet of - t heir io life', aure enidowed witha the hfe of Sthe earith. beoin ai' part oif it. *3 Thiis ciarthI clamtt fraom lie hrands of Go( ini harioniiions cotncet, in all its rnbihn e - mot anitn", wvit h its sister plantetsrystemis and -subl-systemos, in thle vtast amnd hound less a domain of1 heaven :it is composed of somne a fifty odd simnple ehenietry e'.istitut1C -parts--it is not "' voiid"-it is not wit hout - " formi.'' " Th'le Spirit of Gohd miovedl uipon a' the face' nit thr wa'ter","' and it wais inon - g?.r ai thow o f hifnlese maatr, but iy t.iw I bermie an lhving thing, by the "Spiarit o(f - (;hu.'." ST is not in accordanct~e withi thle wvisdomi a dIisplayedh in the geincral plan, or diesaitn of a this nuiight y anid wontderfiil Qtiiser:e-s t ar as the evn of umn's frail miortalhity' ent t discerni trot a glymipse bhbintd the toystic en rtains of nti~turo's w.ontdrouis labntog~t - -to suippose that ainy iniatter created by t od, r were '"'withouit formt and void ;"' r in othler - wurd,1. Were iivate ,qy. And, as farther proof of the existence of of a living principle in the eaith, its groivth, if that can he nad apparent, is not the least and remains to be considered. AlI animal and vegetable mnatter generated and devcloped to its natural size, from Adam's titne, down tn the present day, would have increased the dimensions of the earth in some degree, provided nevertheless an equal quantity of matter, were not con sumed, essential to its growth ; but this is not so, ince that which is eot:suined by an animal is discharged in the fork) of excre ment. The appearance of the strata, the strata, independent of their appearance, and various signs upon the earth's super fices, proclaim that it is growing, and the :tnosphiere, if not a part of the cerrh, is a part of the glolw, and serves to generate matter which incrca'oes its dimensions. To the unlearned, to the most ignorant, the idea-seemingly intuitive-is that the earth is growing. According to the Mosaic ac count, God created the earth in six days, hnd thence, the presumption is. tlhat, as it was created, it is finisheil, and as a natter of coutrce, :ot ro'vin n':"v ; but on the other hand, wonid it he ithpioius to suppose that (Gd oniy made the rudiment. al part, and at the sane tirne, a law, by which it contimtes to lie developed ! To nake a *law by which the earth was devel oped, is more worthy, more beautiful, and more in acrorulance with the character and great ness of odl, awl woubl serve to make the spirit of Ouir rtligion, and worship of God, more exalted. llesides all that has been brought forward, not to prove, but to give tone to the snp position that the earth is endonved with life. a law yet remains to he treated of in the economy of the earth, identified with that? by which aaiinal and vegetable life are, governed, and in which the futndlamenta) principles of the science'of .\gricultute acetrl. . In tho grjim a :. xr r"1 i i~r !! ire terttli 1 " rn r nee omr 77rn tritict of the wonud on the :hhlotren. 'hy this law the orifice of the bowel will tind its way to the orifice of the abdomen, for the p...rpose of dischar inii its tonteiits. When a hall is lodged in any part of t-he bedy, a snck will ibe formait : -il i', of callous cartdlaginox ,us matter, in order to protect the nerve: froem the irritation of the ball. ito in many way?, does this law of aniinlal econorny mannikc:;t it.-elf. That power or agency which tends to resist ds. ease- eis m n:licatr. a;.' or,r '-is the same. The hand of 1he habourer, vhin;e palm becomes thickened by the cor.tant friction of the ho' handle, v'hl wvear swar, were it no~t fi t'his law. The agents that may do injury, wound, and in anywise eliTct the aninal a nl vee. table kingrduuis:. and put their liws in firce, bv way of self pre:ervationi, are very nu iierioi-, but it woulil app :ir, 'rv few, t mnakeany .. 'itrssion on the earth ; antd the vertical or nearly vertiral han in.; of the sun, and tire (and these are only caltorie) and p-rhaa-< elc tricity, ar the .'y onvces in th tropics, or in very hot regionsf Sooth latitudc, there i. nit her n1 ve;'.eai onti at all, orthe t,( :1a' is uich Inert ttii thcv .an in icoi..r, or men mrr'r latitutdes. Th'e pinae with ite ttion ar e-:.:nn :'aiae specie~ of mnv-s an' lihen, dl.b.'hi for tie mo. st rsat, inic1 roh :e.Wh is thi.s ! The irox. n in r'egin e uh.:re thle iiun a'- nav are verti:.: , or ne.1 rv x>, n is the samen as (lha t race d in the anInfl ii r i - i iit' ~ l ' m~ise ) fm' di~ : n irce, .dai;r its surifacei, thlereby dlirr: ahm:t th? iriation of thle so in. The, se~ct b jee: whieb innre h~a .- the f:2l;inv ii li'ete, ior the ,iccitian- p. rt iin al mtr is ' vyuh''nt enloigh; it i- or th 'arpos iotjf piritec ting: the a'tri arm;::: I t he t r'e :ig-.:ist 'the Siun's initenise heat. It. is thme observat iin o' every ia -:ao'r, tha.t the( he('at of the Sitn will d..strov t h fertili ty of thec sail; anl they wil v. mt char up-. Imrd iof its tin.b rs var. lun;' hn'. r' t: mire readyV to tilut it. Tlhi'se whoii dieni that it ja the growing of crop .in th'xir irnh that e'xhiausts it. are mttil:enuu, in a:; muchn as they are ar n:: h-Iiat irs iupremin-at, by 'n :roill'ti o k an~'d iekory, anda in deed rail khiuis of t rees when aliuwed to c'row u~tp on landui onice culati viae. WVhere the~ suit is htt enomu;h to d! ijy'., t'.st is ord'er ti ia I tihu law in'o fo, ania h mamei tinisi' iee'''a'ionuh- aen .1: n n,; a. i in ax ri al or yaurd, the hol hii'cnaa' ver utetrtide' as is a.w.'rve.d r~pecting neh pila~cs. T."xnds are ihumovt to ho. torie fort it' andx~ to lmt. lod er i at a ('(tt:Lili imC'ree ofi .-rth~ latitude, to wit, ini kettehy,( ho, Ihniois, other more Southern regions. The reason i cf this is, that at the South the beams of c tic sun, heing tnore ittenre, (destroy the it uital principle when the lands lire cleared " ijp, before a siflicieiit vegetable covering p ran; grow up for their protection, which h egctable covering is the result of that law f in the eonomny of the earth t and in as a much as the irritation of the sun is greater it i tropical reerions, this law is called into (1 greater requisitiotn, which n'counts for the 41 foliage being more dense and luxtriant ; c but even here where the wood is cleared p for the purpose of agrictlture, and the siun r allowed to he-un on the naIkel surface of e the earth for a few summers, as is the care v% in the Southern States, the lind becomes bi sterile, and it is no hard task to point out b large bodies of such lands, called old fields, e, that are utterly unfit for agricultural pur- s poses ; but at the North there ire no such old fields. The sun, there, it seeme. is F just hot enmitah to produce that degree of a irritation necessary for the growth of veg- t etable ratter. When the forest is cut I away, in the South, the Hun de;rotys the F land before niother ran grow up for its t protection ; bolt in theNo:th, it is difyerent, e the land retai:is its fertiity; and the irri- C tation of the son is riot so great, as to cali into action that. law of self-prservation, or 8 that function of the earth (which argnos the s existence of a living principle) by w'hich i, vegetaton has its growth, for the object of t protecting tl'e earth against the blightng e heat of the stn. u At the North, grass and weeds do not b grow tip so rapidly, nor ranikly,, as at the I Mouth, or in tropical climates:; the 'rason a vldont enough ; it is natture'r salutary C a .the lar by which the grats and d toj igg 4toita ot erslti u- ti perhaps in onie S'inneuacr; but - 1ii throw up what little covering th:a . . hcr power, such as grass, &c., and the proba bility is, that it would last two or more t Sutmners. Then cover this land entirely by a dense growth of bro:a-leaf trees, and in a short A mim. all its vital powers are re. stored to its origital state. The farmie'r thinks that it is the litter decayd on his lands, when thrown out for a Jew years, that imprrves the, ; he is mis. :atken. It i the hade of the straw, grass, weednR, tree's, arid so fortu, that grow up, and protect its -u rfio'e from the suni's withering heat, al not th decty of vege. table iratter. Thus if the existence of such a law in tahe mmaeral oronomy, like that wthich is known to e*'ist in regard to the vegetable :Fit aniitmal c oiuinom. lie cst ablisheld. it et-ahl.-l:ea a mat ter of course, the exist enie of life abo, in the earth . and it i. on this {::w, cor in ')ther words, the l'hysioligy of the earth, that it is proposed in this a!r'e, to f wtib wilt basis 'of the science of agricul tii: -. li we ;ut the science of agric ulture oi thii,- o ue then, to wit, that the nrot. r:tl i te s ('I':' .:ial ftor tie growth ott vege 1.tbIli atter, are :t cert:i (egre*'e of sai lheu, w. ehih iS iri' 'iii tit thi' 'arth's suir. la, n i -se tde' is to resist anyt deleite ri. 2.2 m. by e on tii grow ve etable r 1 n t -in'-- heat, n e have, at otnce, a . theor 11, t I l ('C e is of whicli, it i-u left *~ ri o.- h-n expierince ti dletertainet. The inor er --: t this thteort V o i-. na he an . I h w e ness-ry in the tiret *e u n y't the cxdstence of Sien:e in '-r :n * - the ein th. ti:;e'n fl- w old . i .:om ii this lhiw, thtur be- I uannei, p.rhai th .trone.. e pr i-of of thle1 Inec i*f ii the e.arth; andh the 1 *i oh ne-: if wIch law, ttre to lbe traced in the 'ran thi of vegetabtle matter.I l.'or the .lhe ofI meakog this law in thei ec ntmy if te i'-uth, tiur. w'iihirb agricut- f ott lie drawtnic between it and t hat otf the' ailan i e t.oiny ; in the latter, pus sec re.. ti. in a u outti is thbe result 'tf the Ian~ put ini fo'e ti'~Ihe iobjict of whir h is to) restore, mic hani: ri i: ri1t .t, wvhatsoever it miay nlaliei h dependd ftr thteir 2.bsisenceo in hie i- rete it tihe pot: the-' hittie2 cr'ea-fi lir.s -then ii of h a tiperbnentim riier rt i lie tie e mes oif tileomoting I unlOunt to ntin fini- tii mchas th aer I ecoromyit ne~h ie titur t them lithrit the < iir' Ia ing' atinle ; they tee thatt the m)1n ii'i Iloh le of pia-' are endiowed wiit htlie a's atthnc te com 1niti'''l ier of fe is foruned. Their nind; re not ently expanded to see the living priicitlc the animal, on the the pus of whose ound they . subsist.. They have never ,nctratod'ileeper than 6 skin-they ave di:clvercd some f rta-thev ob. 'rye no organic appearances--the tissues .c all very coarse, and unlike any thing 1 the organs of their little anatinny-they isrover that it is round, for one of their istingiuished follow-citizen, has actually reunavigated i, but could not reach its ales; they hear the dark al tenible inutle. ngs of its Et na and Vesuvius; they see their i"ies swallowed up by lava streans, but ith all these, they cannot see the signs of le, their ideas of life not being expanded eyond the signs that exist in their little arporal essences, anti much less do they 2e the law, by which life is governed. 'hl'as some idea may be formed of the resent state of the Iicience of-Agricilttire; nd if the sun's rays is the cause of irrita. on, which is the cause of this (supnosed) rw, in the'iurf ug econrinti the carth, being ut in force, and upon which force or ac on, the growth of vegetable matter is flected, then the science of Agriculture rnsists in preserving land by shading it, r therwisc modifying th; intcnsity of the un's heat, keeping it loose and porous; tlrering nothing fb grow, but that which : desired , and as the sun's 'heat may dc reat injury to the land bWfore the corn or otton is larme enough to slade it, it is ecessary to shade it with soetling else, oaring in mitnd that earlier than June. th< eat is not greht enough to do any injury nd that a certain detree of sunshine is nec ssary, in arder to produce that ne:-esary egreo of irritation to Stait any 'vegetabk owth; bearing in miMnalso thatihis Sege isegro~vi#tnonamk py Naturo's-sel riis in nipatible witil tlhearth bey are heterogn W egusms. ;1. c,-e rate; and as al larger bodies are, in Na u're, for the rnost part, iuncined to swallov op or to destroy in some wise, the smaller he sun being larger than the earth, it onetion tends to the destruction of th< atter, anid ditabtless would e.Ilect its utte a alstruetion, by its heat, were it not for tha ower of resistance with which the eartd s endowed. Mr:.ny a smaller g'obe ha ilreadv been udetreed, in the shape e noteoric stenr, which so soon as deprive if that incomprehensible, and universa >rincipie, yclept. life, arc then a cnass c hbans (here the meaning of chao, seem e "come home to .the bosom") and are n< onger lit to holh theirequilibrum in the raul )f living things at rapid pace, in their sub me (rhitt. It is the cttom of farmers to list in a lhe stalks, w &C., on5 their land, fc tic purpose of pronotins their deronposi ion nd thereby improving the land ; bt wvere they to leave such litter on the stir (arc, one or two crops world' sumfe to aa ~r the ent ire surface of the hami'r; azul a haiurh -straw is qute easily oihtained i .:uth t' aronvM, they Wm16u net event har ht toubhe, sincie tihe stalks wou~ld su per eode thne niees-ity of the straw. Th vi~ coul :c piled in rowsfr, het weeni whIiich then pin ug roubIh l n for the0 purpose of ph I ting!; arn is gras;s wili tnot grow unciliernieath 1ples 1 i ter, there w mubI be !no necess.ity f ir an ab' 'ur ton he betwed ( as i-i thie cus2.tomi et'iwee~n tihe rows; :antd as it is t he a ;in an~ :!ini totet her, tha.;t conmpasncts theo s urf:sco c lie eah Ihard, wichel reipaires thre p iongfJ hist C !iTeet woul ntitot he exhliblited, undle lie rows of litter ;so the laibor save s outhild e inutnenase. llThe aiterveemng spCces brt etee the row f hicer, shou'.d just hec Wtide enughL~i 1 breei iirro~w.:, wh:ich wo~ubl sumre tto ob aimn the' unxce 3ary ';:mntitv of poil'to cot'e Ihe grain ; ', alit the Iabotrr on thiis systen if plan? tng, woutld bet tha.t of tharee furirowr oithe row, anid tihe piilinig of stalks and hit erinig betweeni the rows. There will ii oure ;gow up stomei grs het weens tb ill, nad aroundsr thema onth row i, but 'tha ani he kept dlown also by s traw, or by thn 00. A cert uin degree of snushiu is naecessarl ar the growth of any thning, thecrefore if the des of litter be too thick, andi too closi tgher, so as to exclude the sun enttir'ely olhIing coub l grnow ait all.. Perhaps omt iit deepi wouli stui~te i d the interven space over thre rows-tire thr'ec fuir ows-may~i le closed. with st'ra'v, leaving p at of some six iniches arid this shouh itt hie doneo till the hot seasoni sets in boiut the latter parttofi May or Ii rt o un e. Nt othe'r laibor then Wi'll bo requir, it, ruve the thrinning-,tout ta a st:m d, and erhapsi~, a rlighrt maouling; linicO the ob. ect of ill the iromens.;e labourr of pltughaing, ing, bedinrg & c., is only to keep downi in gram, and t huc soil hwve andi porous; :ad it is eviden tt enough, t hat soil, once roklen up, will 'never becomn noonjillf .and h:Ird, or crnatym whit #i a .1lt"' 6r stallk ,;traw, Ic~s'Sc.;f a dn a t h r grass Jior wteeds, nor .anyhing Mahro grow on soil thnA covered. That the old and wi-nint-, rllt H'JH in such .'vait bdios o'j t So~j n't, North Carolina, fand .Virgiuin can. be re stored to their original strongth,- by this ystoin'f~f ultivatiig then, it is tihfiiu'es tinnablc fract. The' 'oro recenit experi ments in North Carolina. and in Virgiija, now bieing made to restore those sterile lands, by the culture f :lias ufpon teitt ; and the results are iit a greit me dre, succetsful. [See the Suinter Banner of the date of about iro 1st June.] Now, anything eise. ivould answer as well an pen., provided it would shade the land ah weal--fur it is the shade of the pens (their leaves grow ini broad anrdi isiy) that pri tects 'the -soil from the }coat of the 'sin, thereby restoring it to its original strength and fertility. Besides, it is vellk own to farmeit that a bi[o, land, upo two o'r more succcasivC ps o Ive been mWade, willI piduce bitter - corn than t wal want to produce; in othor words, the lard is i:riprnved by the growing of Cut49 on it. Now the farmer canot tell yon 'whg t hi? land is better, but willbe str to toll you that it is better. The reason that it is im proved, is evident enough; it is becasse the leaves of the Cotton bing. b shady, have obstruc:ed the blightin - of the sun. iii some degree, fronThe surf co of the earth, and it was improved, byit own self-preservative lamr .. a; As respects manure, it is nr hi more than a part of the - q ficOaF e enthf ?' ' which il ndowwit. y a - . the livingpne p: I!( ecrent e ehik sod itsif; ,t i erofore TOil v col' tially by stiawy; or. earth;, e bout di p e alohnst incredibl vered in'tiswav. Col.uszio TW:F.F.N R Fors T A D W I r.ts.-The quiet of Wanhingtonlssauipro wus e:,xtraordinarily disturbed on Moutlay aftlr noon by a most unexpected encounter- be : tweon two men of c.:tensivQ public sepuita tion.-4lwian Forrest, the American trage dinn. and Nathaniel ".1,Willis, ,Editor of the linme Journal. As near as we.cn get at the facts, they are these: Mr. Villias' wus passing through the Square, when .he was f met or overtaien by Mr. Forrest,- Mr. Ste, vens, nad ruiother; Mr. Willis was knpcked down, whether by Forrest or some other p'er- t, sem wi cannot sav, and while down, or while trving in rise, he was struck sateralc times with a sort of whip or cane :nalc of glta percha. We understand tIha't odie persope cndeavoied to inaterfe're, but were prevented 1irom deing; so. (.)tieers Stininan and Gi r rin'! aw i .the .transction and immediatev .. arested Mr. Iorret,~ who .made no rebir taar: to the l..t+ anti toos k o. Mr. W& is before Jinstice Mc(rath, at Jl11.on ?ark -t Police Court, where as Mr. Willis refused - to taki' a cimrplaint, the officers entered the crmlaliimit of breaking the peacoe'tgaist loth IFirresit and illis gd thef Jstge hel them to hail to keep the peace tr six montls... f i. i tal (o wo bi! for Mr. Forrest, ndI - geni b-inmn whs Cnm wedid notcurn be camec surety~ for Mr. WVillis.----Te cause of~ thi, atlhir ii w:.ll e'nonivh knw usm~, the pub ii9. who19 laveiL had thet lonrn~ (ctdils of* the ds a l~mmnzt he 'n Mtr. forrest andit his wvife fl:t ihfere themn. We leave the. reader -t4 mai~ke Li. own estimate of the charaeter of t he alimy~i. A\ cairdlTrtm Mjr. Wil appoars A CA R FR OM N. r. WU.LIS. TIo The Edilor of the TIribune: S--sa slftitement will donlhthsS ai peair, of ran outrage which took Shaee thi Ieveniiin. andit as it muay nett be0 a correctf ore, allow nm to stato it. simly as it hazppenedl: W hiile walIk inrg in WVasingtoni-squarc with no sus~picion t hit any onec was necar mer, r I WL wsaddenly knocked 'downm, and, wvhiki .upon the groumnd, severely beaten. T1he first t hiing 1 conld obsorvo w'ay tit fwo rden, a .M r. Slovns and another, were struggling to pr-vent persons from interforinug; and, whzen I rose to my feiet, I for the faL time, saw.M r. FdwiigForrest.1I I0was irintend ofC police otilcers, andi his two friends were .'ngerly deeclnring to the crowd that I waigthe dtiucer of Mr. Forrest's wite. Thtia'fre paired iachml and. shanddr of that hidy they conti ned to~ declare a4 th~e Police, where we wvere taken:. Wh~en .1inforted the Judgle that I had no comuphitinak or (other reckoning with Mr.; Porres4 at that aplace, the usual Vdl uns r-equiadand I.leAt thw.ofiieo. As my whole prov ocatcinmo ths rutianly asauilt has been nn endeavogtua vindhicate the honorhof'tho hady (nnelef chinre, equatilly to shuaw that her Ihnibaind hiad not9, tharotih haemni tOdiifo) lI, ih: opinion. as farm n that ropaxetioti wilt r-eaidilv irstha outtr~a its trnIa lig. Y'rrespect full"F M1onidry Ernng iunc 17. Mr. Stew'vn (F'rest s friettd). haset iio uad noto ini which bewtys that Mr. Foerrest. s:rneck Mr. Willis wile iln front oh him, anid that ho (Stevensi.) wals at1 theO tfit some1 di uLancO tromt the paic u.Verzs Yof* Trj As~ thip having a snro anchor mp~y lid safe in any placer, so) the mind g9t ja ruledl by pe~rfec t rca son bJrquiet aunywliero.