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- . .~bmp d .r . . .h . . . .ed be-4Anun 1wi i are fbu, an thes only reianig quosd awether the htate oightato partleN b' ith i:dividuals, and tovat eapnse of thir cbtstradiict ,t the liat to n th d brmuity ry gq t t the t 4 " aid Wi dis 9, a- er prise. pfeIe onfident otp tinge of self fite'resti ai guard against an inmproviet hesimet or- prodalexp dituro I ybeachitn liisedf"encuE be ascefl and a.39siau Luei by which to ap ono r contribujtlis. ~~i np i ~ - ~~the altornatile is" te oton f bitrary rulle by wlie1i1 0 y - mated. Two-fiftlieo st~nwi in seems to hae r theapr tIo, and was -one a dopted b rState as a p l h ut cther counsels have since pri'i~,~ each case hid' left -td providoafor it~f. This ought Vot to be . The e litoi improvement is abroad, di oir peop4d ought-to know what aid they are dei riv from the comii stock i tlipjlose cution of enterprises calculated mainly to promote our common welfare& If two fit ethought too :nuch, adbyt tho pro * portjn'of one-third, or oenless'blit let at le fixed and permanent. We are met here with th cbjection that it is inexpedient and improvident to increase the publi debt, and I agree thal it ought not to be done without some pres. sing ah d obvlous puble necessity. But t is believed that the fund generally de signated as the surplus revenuc, no ox isting for the most part in the form oi Stcsin the Rail RloadCopnad debts due by them might besafelyelied on for the m r an' am"uni sufficient to moote present emergency, at least to a reasonable extent, without in. creasing the public debt. It may be that some difficulty may be found in raising money on the credit ci - these securities alone. But, if, as I sup pose the present investment is secure, I am not able to see what risk the State will *run, cr wvhat the public debt will be in creased, if the State, as the means of in. suring a ready market for the securities were to guarantee their payment. An in. dividual, having a sum'of money secure. ly investdtvould not feel that he ran any risk in raisigney u ossredt e ito 6e fulld an pmnenpcee the fl amount, for a further invest meet, and having securely invested that, where would be the objection, in an co nogmical view,o borrowing aike sun, if by so doing. riesonable p rofit might -be expected from itt But I go further-all works of this character are intended, aned ought to be permanent, and the experiene of the wrnd is, that if well and judi tciously located, and faithfully executed, their usefulness and value are progressive, and each succeeding year developes more and more the wisdom of the design. It s postenty, then, who are to reap the full fruits, and it is fit that they should contri bute at least a portion of the expense of rearing theman upon the principle be fore stated, I htl-hat it iould be safe and wise, oven to incur a debt in the constru. tion of any work, from iiicha the savini to the community at large would be equa to the amount of the interest on the sum borrowed, with the addition of a small sum, ihich would operate as a sinking fund, and thus divide the expense between the present and future generations-pro vided it did not impose unreasonable bur thens on either. If you should entertain these views, and determine to aid the construction of all or any of the projected Roads, care ought to be taken that they are so located ato be productive of the greates cam mon benefit-.that the sum'subscribed by individuals, wvith wvhat the State shall con tribute, be sufficient to pay the expenses of the projected iork, and that it wvill be performed in good faith. The payment of the contributions of the State should be made in the ratio to be adoepted, and follow the disbursements of the sums sub scribed by individuals in that ratio. Large sums have been from time to time appropriated to improve the navigation of our wvater courses, between a line ex tending fromi Cheraw to Hamburg, and the sea-coast; and I can only account for the uitter neglect of the rivers above that line, by the entire failure of the attempt to improve the navigation of .them some * thirty years ago, by the construction of canals-around the rapids at an immense expense, which have proved entirely use less, with one solitary exception. We had not then any experience in works of that description, and there is no doubt w as greatly over reached in the contracts for their construction, or that they might now be constructed for one-third of the amount expended. But the true cause of their failure and final abandonment will be found in the entire neglect of the improve ment of the navigation in the intermnedi ate spaces, wvhich might then have beeni made at a sniall expense, and at still loss now. It was useless to kecep the citnals in a condition tpo pass even the small erafl used - n'h~ transportation of produce, wh6~i i&i'.sboth above and below we , i~hlle, except when the wvaters wer6 A thing above their ordimifry height. The difliculties and uncertain ties of the navigation obliges the planters * ~ even on the banks of the rivers, to em;./oy their wagons and teams to transport their least double wvhat it wvould eost If the na vigation of th ieswere rendecred safeb ! emF :4.. od teis anrbo v 5010 on now. mloyed :on 0.e re. tag ~woulde ied heaygaion:asto ade g odublethat burthen, lrolvxed-!-an4I haaid at leastl.4othese red na1vigable for Ihesi byI 0neans of rn, to'an. esirable t'e'c i gAfth 6r teft ; ica e di, pe.itho ril %- -!S the a litmotg-undil suppose never will -*rgeted on the margui .f ile4e ri lilitpade should .interect~hin the r~inabdve will ope Iatd aW fcddr to thenM There have bien sov el econnoIii0es of'somai v "Br6&dQ Rver, with a the expenso necessary assag pf ,the .bpa now .K,0q?)) ls ee pae i, wtout the atid . scieine, an'd vauno. b- 'relied on ievn for that purpose. .1 would, therefore, respecttiblygmbmit to you the propety of' proviip. for a survey, ofsome or all of the'se a viowto .h.We expense. o1 thieiraiiv aicn by the.oiasspof bt.-noe enp edo ', of poleboats ofa lar olas and steambonts oefa light draft DAVID JOHNSON. ANDREW H. BUCUANL, EDITOR. A RVILS. C. IX~neshag, esemcrber 15, 185i7. AGENTS FOR THE BANNER. Messrs. Wm, & Co. Sumterfiile, S.. C. .T. W. PEauss, Esq., Camden, S. C. COTTON. The traief .ons in the cotton iiarket-diu. ring the past -week were to a moderate ex. tent only in Charleston. A few bales were sold at prices from 7 to 7 3-4. LIEUT. BAKER. The friends of this gentleman will be gli to hear that he reached his home in Suntei District, last week in fine health and spirits He is one of the fortunate few who.have paq sed unscathed through the -various vicissi tudes that have laid low many of Carolina', worthy and gallant sons. He has undergonc the hardships and exPosurS,.,uf a twelvc month's campaign without any injury to hit health or constitution, except an occasiona attack of rheumatism, and he has faced the Mexican guns and bayonetts without recei ing a scratch. We are indebted to hint fo the following information,, which we publis: for the benefit of the friends' and relations oi those who are still in Mexico. *Captain SUMTER was wounded under cir cuistanced somewhat difierent from what we before heard and published. Hie was attempt. ing to force an entrance into a suspicionw looking house, near where his meni were quartered in the city, when a Mexican with in fired a pistol at' him, the bail passing through the hand and up the arm three or four inches, The ball shivered the larger bone of the arm, and Capt. S. will conse quently never be able to support any weight with it again. The following are the names of the non commissioned officers and privates belonging to the Sumter Company on the 1st November, All of thern were at the City of Mexico, ex cept GRoOMES who is in New Orleans, and ALLEN and BRUMDEY, who wvent up with General PA TTERSON and have probably joined their comrades e're this: S. M. Boirxrq, 0, S. P. N. GnjuxAr. 2nd S. RUFUni YAUGHAN, Corporal. E. HI. Josns, Corporl. B3 Caughmnan, A F Allen, Tr Gainhey, WV Groomis, T Koarney, Buhl, Q Smith, Rogers, Henry Moody, Ilunt, J W Nichols, Dunn, J Powers, Williams, J Brumby, 8tanley, J Ramsey, 8anley, Hixon Kolb, Hinds. Thqse in Italic are men who have joined the Company after it left this District. Lieutenant BAKER saw -MALLETT and BauMnr, in Puebla. MALEKTT was ex tremely ill of Typhus Fever.- Bainnv was wvell and expected to go up to Mexico with PA TTRsoN's train. R. Moonv had died there a few days before. It will be seen from the above statement, that our Company is reduced to a mere skele ton. The other companies of the Regiment are equally reduced so that the entire Regi ment would not make more than three full companies. Lieutenant BAKEN, informs us that GenI's. QUrTMAN and SHIEL.DS have premised to ap ply personally to the War Department to have the Regimobt discharged and that Gen. ScorT h'rs recommnended that it be disbanded. It is probable therefore that it will return very soon. TIIE PRESIDENT'S MENSAGE. The Message ot P'residlant P'OLK, has reached us. It iw'ilen fior ouar paper, occupyi ton co!umns in the Mercury.'. On the i eAt of the war w ith Mexico, it recommends to Congress to make suitable provisions for carry' ~ the wvar withiigr until our enemy it to termns. For this purpose it, ,0> that an eflitine., .ttl - ,Ou r t gvrn ety ii ar repgf y e tOry , ree v m h uuliit 0.. ofrs ai Perti Ourre t g6vromien ml are reeI !ng ofUa 6Ei'E RE Mychi-.W -noaaschsts6 hg .44. f of. Inte ti in atter. . 7. Mr. MI,u 'of Massachusetts, a whig, has been erectd4peaker of the U. S. House of Represent He is an avo ed advo cate of the Proviso . - Mia. EDrron:-The exltfitioii of I r To-r-rEN's asme..gphy cainef on Saturday nigt, tthe Oo'it House,-before, a large and int ig t au.ienhe. oAliour before the Lip. appointed, the house was crowded to oidTilowing, waiting in ainxidus ouspense, fro the songs of the merry warb lars. In the interim the auddrico weri sol. aced by sevekal musical instr:inents, upon which the performers did "dikcourse most eloquent music. Prof. T. commenced by puttinj promiscu:. ots, questions, which were answered with a surprising correctness.and promptitude. Af ter which the niost important lessons were sung, with we:mainfest approliation. Several sopante ekaminations were made, one of a boy si.or seven years of age, gave the capes in Europe, in soing, and another re peated the bodid of water in Europe-by far onie'of the hardest lessons-to the satis faction of all preseat. We think this exhibition proof conclusive, of the efficiency of the sys tem, and of its great superiorty over the old plan of teaching, He has effected all he promised, ad the whole class has obtained in the twenty lessons, more than could have been obtained, ty close application. in the same number of months, by the old plan. It is "just the ting," and we hail -it as one of the great and iuportant improvernCnts in the'march of science. The exhibition closed, a few valedidictory temnarks were *Pae by Prof. T. in which he gave much good vice, and we hope it will not pass unheededi or be soon forgotten.. Junrus, Fron the Gor*fdA4&s of Ih Char.'Acr j1)LuULA, Dec. 6, 1847. _ The two Hoiuseo having attended the Rxer: cises of the Colle Commencement, which took place this molning in the presence of a numerous array ci' fashion and beauty, re turned at 12 o'cloek to the State H-ouse, and proceded to busihess. A letter - from the lHon. J. S. Richardson wvas read by the spea ker, in reply to ttp resolutions passed by the House on Saturdniy. in which he says, that he is not sensible of the infirmity charged upon haim, and that he holds. himself ready to an awer at any time: -the Legislature shall ap point, reserving hwever all his constituional rights. On motic , the letter was laid on the table to await tI& order of the resolutions themiselves. The election for Chancellor evenituaited in the choice of Hion. G. W. Dar gn, of Darlington. The vote I despatched to you immediately by Telegraph. We are now getting into the business of the session in good earniest. .T'here is much to be done, and I should not be surprised if the session was protracted to a very unusual length. A spicydebate arose to-day on the preseintment by Mr. Carew of the private report of the President of the Bank. Mr. WVrtght, of Lan caster, moved the report be printed, and cop~ies be distributed amaonn the members. It was strongly opposed by Alessrs. Palmer and Memminger, and the House refused to print. Mr. Memminger has introduced a bill to de line the line of the channel of Ashiey River, adjacent to the City of Charlcston,but will not pass it until the City Council shall indicate their views on the subject. The object of its introduction now, is merely to give time to that body to act. We lhnd the pleasure of seeing to-day a lad of seventeen years of age, one of the re turned volunteers of the Edgefield Company, who lost his right arm at the stormning of the Garita. 1His extreme youth and intelhigeujee, together with the circumstances I have men tioned, made him as object *of peculiar inte rest. I understanq that the Board of Visitors of the Military Acgdenmy intend placing himu in one of Ihese institutions, in order to give hint the benefit of an education. Tl-e Oorernor's (Guard's Capt. Tradewell, the Inependent Phr Ciorjumy, and a lengthy procession of citizens, proceeded to the Rail Road Depot- this eveng to receive,thie gal lant Senator from Checster, Major E'aves, and his comipanion-in anns, Wmn. 13. Stameoy, the hirst Lie:. in the~ Itichlaind company. who haive just returned Iromu Mexico. I aim hap p'y to state thatthe Major looks remairkably well, and I learn will take his seat in the Senate to-morrow. Trhe arrival of these two gentlemen was greeted wvith the warmest enathiusism, and they mnst be gratified at the high apprecia tion which is had of the services they have. rendered to their country. T he Old Tea lieUc.-JDor.'t throw away that, old tea kettle, because it has got no lid, I say,' said Aunt 1/a~tty Parley.-'lt is one of the uznost useful artic les in the pot closet, When you have an old tea kettle, then'oui have the very hest thing in the wvorld for cooking potatoes. Wash them, cut off' the. end were the eyes am thick, and put them in the tea kettle wil wut any water, and hang it over a moiderate fire. and ini half an hour or so you will have your potatoes baked, died andh meahl'. and just the very thing foreo good dinner. [lie nuose of the kettle allows all the moisture of the vegetable to escape, andi aii old teu kettle is indispensable to goucd eat. - ing puotat(oes.' ~Ij. a.Dc id ~ rlsved'up W py~J~T~i l Bru eOnieht ofat'V andibudlgdt ing landso ~aughaz bh Wh~e n. , O 0i trat k ~ z t1a ore'or less in Clarendoia Jni ihnMitchamP., R..ale! in Win. Hito, -levied upon aS t er RachasidcI), Bwell, at the ua~ fA RK BiradhrAj,)Thniel E. Kellfiind Z1af.:rong. gaintl McD Elvel To be ' at the risk of the fo me jiinibsor. Onet brat'of ( e f d in Clarinont, adjol n1ands of -and an. bd Catchell, leviod tipo.-i the "rIi ?of Samtuel F. Hurs *tat the suit of ' Lot and Buildings th01er n where defendant4 kieps a store in t ville, -adjoining lands of: W.- 8Hot and Wru. Hlaynsworih,-levied ifpon s the proper ty of P. 0. Sullivar, at the sut of Di B.M6. Laurin ind John E.'Brown. One Horse, also two lots arnd buildings theron in Manchestre -ajining lands of Mrs. )llIot, Lackey n ihi Ramsay.levied Opon as the property'f, nl: J. Tindallat the.suit of, J. S. &L Dwie 4 caues, Rosevelt &'Baker, E. B. Bioddid & Co. 3 cascs. - One tract of61 i acres of L-nd in Claremont, adjoininrV lands of Jo B.flossard, Estate of Ezra Allen siad ,Wm. Ross, leVi44 upon as tha property ofrii: T. WatL, at the suit of John B Miller, co4i .. agninst Wino T. Watts and Wm.Rosr. Defendapt's interest in one tract of 5000 acres of land in Fork of Back River, adjoining-fandR of L. B. Davi,T. J. Wilder, and others, levied upona2 :hoprop erty of Francis Sumter, t . hd suit of Sarah Allen, A. Anderson, and J. Moses.' Ono tract of 3 acres of' land in Suintervidlo known- as the Tan Yardi a.4 joining lapds of Mrs. Burh and others, levi$" upnas thle lropiqty of P-. .sullivianatht suit 6Z te Stetoi Bouth Caroliia JL. Brown and organ. Orif 200 acres l iii' .Midill~ rn a is FJ~d antom ie E. Z W cko de %pon as t of Thodlfjaiuock the suit of i ,F. Wilko', for Win 'an' - cock: and W. &.Lightfoot. -: One tract of' 500 acres of3 ia4 more or less in Claremont, adjoining lands h --on Beech crook, near Statesburg, levied upon as the property of Francis Sduter at the suit of Roach & lBy and 'Miller, Ripley & Co., A. Anderson and F. . Mose.. One tract of' 500 acres of land more or lees in Claremont, adjoining lands of on Bcech creek, near Statesliurg, ley. ied upon s the property of Thos. I). S~umter, at the suit "of 'D. 11.1001l and Dank of plt of South Carolina. One tract ot 500 aco'lafInd more or less, in Claremont, adjoining lanids of -- on Beech creek, near-States ljurg, levied upon as the property of Sobastian dhuuttoi', at the suit of .Wm. K. Dixon' and:Win.' 1. Spencer. One tract of 164 acres of hand in Clarendon, adjoining lands of John W. WVells and Jas. RL. Brock, levied upou'ds the property of Charles J. Carpenter, at the suit of V. L. Brewer.' One traict of 844 1-2 acres of land in Clarendon,' adjoining lands of J. HI. WVhitehead, estate of F:J. Rbdgw~iay aind Ed ward Davis, on Ox swamp levied 'upon, sa. the property of M. 3. M. Murpy, at the suit~s of Dlelormeo & White, T.'J. Dinkins, . Thos. Young and H. H Bronson. One tract of 3, acres otland more or less ira Claremoint, adjointing lands' of R. Singleton and F. S. Belser, levied upon' as' the property of Williarp'Artis, at the suits of Wmn. Nettles, an&Mille'r, Ripley & Co. S -One tract of"10ace f ai irn laedoadjoining lands of Davhl G.: Shorter and estate of Joseph Ioronblevied upon as the pro perty of James Carteri, senr-' at the suit of Felder, 'Brigga,: & Coi Also, abouttOO0 lbs. of seed cotton; to be soldeon Tuesday.at defendant's residence iq Claren inon. One trect of 300 acrt.f1ifed in Clarendqa adjoining land ijJLZ property of fe . Neson, ~~ the suit 0E yoel L. Green, vs. tiA, A dm'r. of P. Fr Neion. ' THOS.' '3V ILDER, B. & Dec. 11, 1847.' SHERIFliS S iEs. By virtue of sundry Ekecutions 'to me di rected, will be sold at. Sumter Court House, ,n the first Monday and da following (nJau.. nary next, within the lp al houra.of sale, :o the highgast pidder, foCu i, the followru , PsolProperty. flachillers id pa3 'for 16e~gro, Ievied opias the pro porty r'f 1. R. idler, EW'6r. or Mte. .; Sio gleton, a 'ai W. W, Andersoii(and 33n e kvied on as thei >ropeay 'i J. 3. I~e at the suits of 'Mi e, Ri11ep &Soc. 2 cases, C. M. 'Rilig4. on 'earraz'and J. Latoh.e 1' noo leviodon &ta ierty o b.es Brumadp at. thW $$Ift tate Voth Caroli orseie r o 1 PLB Us ass . arras 'rs vrk o as t pr D Wla b~ypod idi I Taxca, ClH. hnu'r atO S o vem ~l &1 negro, levied on as tepo f ar ah A. Feler at th sut tt ne r leeyied on as the of Evies, at the utoB - I. eroe(00id 1o p *eof-R. J ~edy at 'the uN "il 9 sasC, H tP '1 horse, levied on athe pro V rl of W3rob. A. Flder, ntthb'suit of L, rforR Lgi~ SHiit9 A.Flnr & .. iller.vnR5M.0! ncgr lvied 1 te h A11 - pertyof n Jaunkhs, at 'the suithe I'W' t . 1 'loioyd.iro 2ne e u t ihe se pro hnn81at n peIrtyo, Brolighton ar. 2 CAsee. S ro'Dil ne i of~ tte Jo axe. perty of Fhs:D tna Mii or&ngram, an r'st 3 those, lvsa a h 44gP portkl ofd T.' T. Toft b~~ery '~ . suit Sum.tColough 1 Nagros kv o as the ppertyof Jo.. hxphead ait of 1horse, levied on as th jroA pert of:W. W. Toltcbday, at t s to oJ.~& Coivige ~ 1 waone levied on as thepo ert of J.'J H ~Vieod t the ui'f S.owie n ho, levi1 on as t roe ~etof. W. Leeiday at teit of 1horse, levie4.on as the.pr peryifoJ Dan. Holia,in t the sUited~L J. . M oe. -~' - - 1 negro, levied' on as thopr prty -of F. A.V. Nbi at theuit oA S . inda. hpo 1 ine'ro levied on as the ,ro rtofk .. .ini, a the suit WI 1 :hore, levied on as te po. t or . . Berryns at th' sui of o vel3 t. dr B i o a - u t o 1 horsb~lovi~on'uatl\pic ~pbrty of Cyrus Morse, adrnr ~f~tsy Garner, at the suit o' Hnri. &..Gilbert,.Edga~~ 4~~uc Jobt I3 Miller~ THOS~ J.WI t 11thJDoo. 1837w Rceivedb ~ 4.