The Sumter banner. (Sumterville, S.C.) 1846-1855, November 12, 1846, Image 2
YE SI-TMTER ANER
VOLUME SUMTERVILLE, SOUTHI-CAROLINA NOVEIIUI 12 184
NowM=R
TlE SUAlTER BANNER,
lit PUDIAStsnED wEENI.Y,
BY WILLIAM J. FRANCIS.
T E It 51
Two Dollars and Fifty Cents in advance, rlree
lDollars, at the expiration of six iontiths, or Three
Dollars atin -Fifty Cente, at the end of the yea-.
Advertisements ins-rted at 75 cents- per sinnre,
(' lias or lesA,) for the first and ialf that stin br
each Jiiisu!ieuit inisiserlion. The immilier orinmer
tiois to lie marked tilt all Adveni.-meits. n- the
Will lie pIblisheJl until ordered - he discon inued,
tad clinrvred accoralingly.
()i e liol:ar per qlinire ror i 0 - i ! I.
Qu.rlerly and iMonthly nd --niei -11 Ih
lmharged the samia as a' iigle i,-rion, mi
Ilnontibly th Smie ns new one4r
For patmilishing ti tations a., 1h . -'- hree
ilillars will lie elatrtzl,
All Ohiinry Notices exce, %- it i, amid
11tminuieathimsn reco.mineitlit ( a-i mlt '-r puh
! llofiiev or p-ofit or trmtit-. .i . : 1,- 1s,
iI ! e -litivu it :s !'mistinei'
Or-Accrunitis fr A hirti-mily . l, .
All 'etters ly m.il mie st he pait p re L
jsunmet'l attention.
AGIMCU L''1:RA I,:
MHUGILTU E. ! UI
AGRtCUI1,Tl1Im IN (I
The great rt-qui.,ites in tihe 1 e S.
Wim of agricultuire are i imur tr;
mil, tt obltaiii these, Iheiir c - :gies
are det'Voled. The soil is ri 'llwed
Ito lie fillow, tndi inl 1miostS 7i -duces
two cerops aniIIailly. I is ais y putl
verizedi, and differet sihr :ir-, e'i
Itogretier it) imi-ove t glt, ; ta! : ach.
TPhev nil car saa:nil far a hw. nce, Ito
mnix witl rlav-.-!wry s-ils, r auns, to
plt Witli that whi.l appemr - V lolse.
inmiig Ilte few mthal f 4' , inl teill
soiuthern pro, in-e., te smi' ':neimies
throwni up into Ili a.w, u ih.' 'as twn-it
m1ixed Withi s..)nel Vere1mbali r.rtu
iiakiig i kiimi af cmomipoast. . lso ilr
wichli, theII, v himi-141z whidh r,-gtiret limml4.
iog, are ceverod u lihi in a-, :ut1i boimial
umil turned over, utiil the whal sin. is
redtced to imu-l. Thi pr se :s still
it further f-r:lizing le'tene. For a min
ite, the Chiniese clih-et e )nrying of a
vegetable or animal kind that canII pmtssibly
lie itpihlled tt Si- a . 1 se. I" esernv Nils'.
of brick or n% ood, are dug i' thew banks of
the fiid. near a cntial, iio whicih eery
refuse substusnee is pium. Tlh priiciial mi.
has a loof cover-it, aind is lihstered, ha.t
orents mllay lit be absiorbed in lt the
-r it. Besitles this prim-il I int-, bnrge
raseti of stoneware are sink I 11li-e gruid
at colnynicit places, for lthe e r pitsst ir
travell're. The cliidreni and lmoo are ctm
Ulthmfly einjle ln ll ,i 1g t 14 C tIui,
nial and--regetable matter .ith .whih t '
ill' ip these receptacles ; lio kh ee piig of
th-streets, hair from barbe s' %hoip?;, olfel
fiom- the hi lehers, ft it hey.,:, liorns, and
bolles redtces to piwdl - , tilam t
t-sities of creeks ad , tire all in.
du1strioulsly gathered up Iuti-i stlli
cit-lV viluah'e tu be e - gbu a l dis
lance, easps-cjtallyi a,.. g-inn
venieit. The 11dun1;g ilf .1 t ils is es.
.-Ilmed above ally othe:v , of litaliouret
; Often lu-ecomis an armie..- if cammiserca-,
a the shaipie of smiall a', vlii ire
m amlc by ru:iixiIg Wil it i a poltmi ta la44 m
m-;rthi, and theli thorouhly driijing Ilitm.
eiWse catlic, are niever applit1 dry, bit
atil diluted inl -is mih-li ainmi.d-l v-iter ats citi
be procured. Oh!1 imtsim-r is esteemeil sio
valutiable a fertilizer as s-metie-s ts ip idict
a farimer to re-pla-Iter miii Oltroomi that he
may fertilize his fields Willi it. l-fore
manure ik take out f II the ree-ptacle, inl
the field, it i- suTtereti in herome hiall pu
Itc-ied, inl which state it is I 'I u11on tIhie
platis. Somie sceds Itre put into mnauire
mitil tley have grmiaitilt, Iwhile oilirs
are pianitetd entveLlopedat inl t-eir apmtpopiate
iiimre: A fleri the pb~mit has grown-m a few
iichsis, it is mlgint s mnu red tiithI ta whi Imich
hy appasiren t ini an i tce-lmra~ti-i grith .
A t a melet-inga of thn Phlihaimelphiat y -
ty~ for pr-momotng A grii iItutre, hld li .
S-amii:UC. Fomrt omde thefomllowinig sta: enii
ast ts ii hismto of ilmpsrovinigJ the trmit ofC
tie near I ree. 11mm said: "Flartn rxpem-ri -
ce1 - stale lt,.e a-hvtantage t) be de
S rasmi the . - -- Jt~ton irmon ti lime
. e ofl year~~ ii. - - - --' all
iiatuirailisis that iio - - 1
co~mponlenlt parn o J10 L. e i.,n
tree; anti as mnsy tof mur choitcest varite
ties hiatve vierv- much it dter:imratedmI, I fee it I
a duly lto slate thtii Imfrijt thins been~i limuch
im provedim, and it some tht we' e 11 ihnstI
wth titltess, resa tsd biy the fmotiwing alp
dt iiti: Duing~1 ith s1ter, whlenm the
'rostt wi-ill admiml, I haviei Ily lni-es tdug roiundt
I' the tdistanmce (at three feetI, tiaring thle
upp-mier roosts, andim tes hlave app1til a1 hushi
-I tsr nore ofi cimnders fromit a laciiksmithi's
slitsp--- ftld i ron it oublmim be- bitItaer. Th'Imis
e xydi ze-s by the rainsi of ilhe se-amsn, andi
is tiken Ill in thet say ats it aiset-mis ini thn
mprinig. Th'lis ii.- t silinide expemrhimi-mi, andmt
hile hiast will bie htigly psrizn-d by ailhliihe
iVei of Ii me Jr lits.'--ill Co t/r-.
SA LTING llORI's.
A curlious tim et is mue i ltmie in arkeris
Tjrem ame on Salti. A personIt-Ii w he kept six,
teen firum illg hintrsets imule ithe follows tin.g Cex
peimn wihs Lnothem, wich ha
been accustomed to eat salt when fai
in their mangers, nd -these Itmps pre
vutoisly weighed, were examinted regilar
ly, t) scertain what quantity weekly Ia
been coInumed, and it was repeatedli
found that, whenever these horses wert
fed on hay and corn, they consumed oun),
two and a half or thee onnces per day
and when' they were fed with new v oy
they took six ounces per day. This fate
should Colvince uIs of thec' expediency i
permitting our cattle the free use of sali
at all times; and it caiaot be given in sc
convenient a fArm as a rack salt, it being
much more palatable than tie utLer in a
refined state, aid by far cheaper. A good
1lmp1 shoul always ie kept in a dox, bj
the sile of tile animal, without fear that
it will ever he tikee' !v-cF!F
ENE IN NEW MEXICO.
IN-rs i: S-rIaSc'1 FS IN TI M FAIl wEST
GiN. 'IN :.VINt AND II AMItY OF Till;
Wsr.
E~,etract's from,, the .Yourna o7 t if Ieutdenanci
m.1,i1ryi of the Corps o~f To6pographical
Engint er-, now at Santa Fe.
August 15t.-Twelve o'clock last
ihi the 4oloteI (Gen. Kearnevy) was
ta d uiiip, hai informed that six huiired
mn11hld Cillected at tihe pifsa olthiae Veos,
w ruiles di6ant, aind w% ere to oppose his
intreh. Ili the lmring, orders we:e giv
nto pie*(reiI to IMet hle eaonm. At se.
vlon lilt aliy lioved, anil just a we Cade
lith r,al leading through tilt town, Major
Swords, 4oflte :1, and Mr. .pijne
,as rom Frit [cavenworth, and pretsented
C.'i11i1el Kterarv with his iiomilissioni as
bria lier t--nerai ill lhe irar N of the hli
tel State. At c i:!ht ociociCk pre criselv,
Ohe l rmtil':al inl lie lit Iic sire, whitere Ito
was met by lte alealle aol people, iIany
oif w1hom4111 m'er oil lorsebaik, (fOri tlest
piople live on hirseback.) The gencial
p1ii4iitedl too the l opl) 11 f neti ofi their houases,
which are all ilf line story hiih, andl flat
riiiorefed ; amnd snggtel to tlhe alcaldle, that
itlie wo li tn too that place, lel. alld his
stlit 1-wonihl fliilow, andll from that point,
where all conld henr and see him, he
wonihl say () th I'm what he had to speaak.
This w;as a wise( precautioin. Hc was
lahus enabled to) --peak so that all could hear
im1i see, and we. were jliacedl out Iof th'e
reac i of difliculty. ot wtvhich there inight
have been some dangeri as we were pre.
sed clo i a dense Issf le te
d!-'> 1:.rn of wisyuh .then
The colOnael, now Brigadier Gleneral
Kearniy, then addressed tia multitude
nearly as foillows:
".ir. Aleade ana people of New Mexico
I Ialive Come amonolgst you by thei orders o
i) governmna't, to ta ke possessin ilo f you
rmitry, a.d exten-l liver it the l-aws of th<
Uiited Snites. We conasi.le- it, ad havt
lolle so for some time, a part il the aerri
t.ry cf the w United States. We Cime a
iniIg -t yu a frienads, not as enmciles; we
C01111 to) V4n Ras protectors, wit as1 Col le.
rur11s; WO comeit wilong(st yufor )-our bene
til, nol for yoUr Injry.
'I incefirih I ab-;lve %-oil, from all ill
ht-giance io the Mtxicani governmeint, and
ii.1.4rm1 all U li obediiiee to Geineral Armijo. 'Ie
is fla ionger yoaur governor, [great senlsa.
i.] I mi yucar governor.
".I shall ext ept you to take up armis,
anld ftIhtw tile, tc 1 cll your il peopile,
whoi mray be iln armii1s agaist lle; but I nOW
tell yoi ihiat thoaise who r eil:min peac'eably
at home, attendinag to tlir cropsanil hicri.
shiall bei proatec ted by mae illtr eir paroiperty,
their ers~on:s, ainci their religion, anid ncit'n
i.ep~per cor ant oniin shall lbe distcorheda mi
inhen~a by nay troopsa, without I ncy, car with
iiut then consent00 iif the aiwnler. lint li-,ten
he whttlo :iot ftund inaaa rmts agin~ist mei , I wvil.
hang.
"'Fromn the Mexicana governament vma
ci un iii rci ii -- troit'ctIion. 'I'ht
thae ao. ...tai,., a d" :.. ' oil' yotur shiec
rando youanr women n whveI~cCr t hey pilease
ill govenman willI correct all this. The
wil kee'p 'll'theao ad ian s, hirojcect ill yuat
icrsians andu piropeirty, ciand I repieat aigain.
w ill prote'ct yoiu ia your religiion. I kuoni
vion acre all1 goodi Crathiolics, :andc thiat some
- a pret have toldl yocu rall sorts c1
; hat wc woi, pollntc t you r womnieni
an rand alhem tipOnl the cheekt as yonc ah
yoular mucales upaon the hip, It is flIse. My
go overnmen11t re'spects your re'igion as mutelI
ats thea Protcest an31t reli giotn, ranad allcws e'arl
mana to wiir.hipa his C2re;ator aIs his lear
tella lhim is be'st. 11cr ha ws proitect thei a
alhclic as5 well a~s thae Proltestant, thce wveal
as well as the strong&, thec poor as well a
aiae rieb. 1 am1 nut ac Cathlic mlyself;
wals not briiighit up inl thlat failh; hut at
b-ast onie-ibirdI i oy inarmy~ are (aathoheics
.\ idi I respe~ict ai giocil Caahrdlic as mneiiha
ai igoiod1. Prtestan t. The rce gics miv I ailm
You see' but a smalhlipart ofi it. Tiereii al'i
"Mr.* ' Alieade, iand *ton1 twao capitainis a
miiiliia, thec laws caf mly ciutiay rcequire' thn
thef Oiath of ailegiancet. I cli nodt w i-la li
ilhe presenta tiatilh thinigs gel sc'e il, Ica di:
jturab votar modelc cif gciveinanela. if y4
are prearedai to take thae c)athi of alle'ianec
l I shall continue you inllice and suppor
your authority."
This wisl a bitter pill, but swallowed, ii
I discontented captain looking clo4e d16
toi Iis toes. The general remarked io himi1i
in litring of al] the people: "Clapini
look 3me in the face, while you repealt Oi
oath ofoflice." The hint was understood
tile oathl "administered; the general pronoun
tced the alcade, and two cagitai ns still it
r office, and called upon a1l the citizens Is
obey the alcade, &c. The penole grinied
I and exchanged looks of satisfaction; bui
seenied not to have tile b'uldness to expresi
what they evidently fell, flat their hburdens3
if not relievedl, were at leas.t shifted to
somle Iuingalled part of the biody.
* 0 . .
As we approaied tile ruinls of the an
clent town: of Pecos, a large fast fellow
came towards us at full sinitig, 11n1d exniid.
ilg his hand to tile general, congratuilaited
hnm on3 the arrival of himself and army,
Ile s .id, with a roar of laughter, "Armijo
amil his troo1ps have gone too hell, and tite
canion is all clear!" This was the alcade
of hIe sCitlIeilln, two miles u1p the Peros
from tile ruina, where wve eiiencaped-- 15 3-4
miles from our last camp, and 2 miles from
tile road.
Pecos, once ( faorilited twii, is built on a
poromlonlotiry off rock, smit thling (the shlpe
of a fort. iere burned, until w ithi Ieli
last seven years, tile eLerial fire of' Montie
z11111a; and the remains of tihte architecture
exhibit, in at poilted manner, the ugraft
mlent of the Catholic chureb uponi the antci
ent religion of ithe couitry. At oile end
of tile short spire furmiig thet! terminns of
the promonotory, are- tie remnains of dih
sttllh, with all its parts distincet; ait the( oth
er, are tile rmi ain ii(of tle Cathodlic chuii.
lIoth s.ilowing lthe distinctive marks and eml.
bIt31ns Ieculiar to the two religionls. The
fires from the(- stull3 butrnied an 333 its
incense tirouigh the sameultars From iw hich
was preached tIle religioll ol Christ. Two
rteligion1s so u11terly ili-rent inl iheiry,
were here, is ill all M-xico, blended ill har
mlonlious practice, unt1il, abhout as cetury
since, tile town Iwas sacked by the Navaho'e
band of Inldians.
Amidst ill the havoc (of plumlering the
city, the faitiful As te k 11mang1ed to keep
his fire going inl the stuffit, and it was roll
tiitied until, a few years since, fihe han3 Ii
became almost extinct. Their devotions
r~apjIl1jny-Phitskyed ahtir. numbers, unii
they became so few-as to be unable to kee
going their'immense stuffu, forty feet in di
ameter, when thefl abandoned tile plalce,
nlld-joinediLf tribe of Vlie orit< .-.1 Mlrtiezu1.
y eneFtannt~i abouit SiXts
ossouith. There t~qsi's dJay, it is said
they, keep their fire, which has never ve
been'extiniguished.
The labpr and- watchfulness, and expon
sure to heat, re-uired, is fast dimninishi
this remnant of the Mioutezuma race; amd 2
!' y.%v ears will see tle e 1i of this interes
ting people.
SEL F-CASTIGATION I N TI i E, CIT\
OF MEXCO.
I have seen inl tle chureb of San A ngim
till, one or two hundred people assembtl3<
a1 Iligit, the chapel was darkened an([ ite%
tokiof thielir clothes and lacerated them.
seies severely with pieces of alird, twisted
ord, lmade like a cat-'-iine tails. It wa.
nlot Such a flogg'ing as8 Sauicho gave himsell1
to diiec11anlt Dileina, but a real /mni
fide( castigation. Of this I have 111 d tliati
f-or I picked upl tine (if the disciplinas, the(
mnstrument uised, and it was wet amd soakerd
wihll blood. I stood at tlie doorn s the penill
tents cale ot , and recolgized among
them Cl)somel of the( mlost res pectable t prCo h
inl MexiCO. No one( ill is seCe l can' donbi(331
311( since:trity ofI thiost -yh wtill 1oluntarly
intliet such131( trtu33rc upon~ thi ' ~~e live's.
Therel wals an1 lamu~lsing inc'iden t connerC
tell with1 thiis sceneI oft selIl3Stigt3ion~
I ome~t mishievlj ou-,, boys (flor boysv, are joel
I3ty mch thle sameli inl M1cei als evrywher<
e lse') had13 conltie tO get into the 'chutrch
(or feauir that4 theC I wiin 3ig wol no 1(
'1e, t hey Co 1ntnence('d o peratIion:1
* .. . They' were discove'redl, per'
blolws 11haa1 thlose' men'l were ini
1(1in oerng 1 theme. -'il lIere. was i
greatIcon'untill fol1r a -1311ti$ ume. The~I
andrtesoun til s very~l much( ir ke r thFl e pa'
I do(31 not th'ithat IIte lergy ofieI Mexico
w' ''i very few334 excepltionsl are men of d:
Ihi as11 gener3al linious.1 uTherl iso
.I lave such ilit 11aro3Itit ap.e. Ite aI lIt
their inmsem, or ti least. those hio call
themt nude'. The reasami given for the in
mm jiuncationt cellhy, that thmse wiore de.
d icatdi it thet- pritimod should lot be en.
, mbemsiredii witi the care of a family, is, I
, ishak, mII 1exicio, Im.ch more theuretical
thanl pm art'ical.
I tasiiot chmse remarks wmiihout saving
that there are ment who belong it te PrieSt
i lood of .iexico, whose poire, vir itiois, and
I self-scrjlir'jig lives waoui amake themn or.
,ai inilma Is oI any Chris I i an sect iI anly are- or
countary,-The Ilisholp of Califioris for ilm.
stance, who after spemiinmg the prime ofl his
life inl dloingmr tIhe work m( his lDivine Meister,
returned tit M1exico literly de-stitut)e. anid
lived mai charity. lie had all is li fie been
inl the receipt of ia largem 1inc1o11me, a1ll 17 iif whicha
lie had expended in caliities.-Ibid.
UPPER CALIFORNIA.
The fllmwing extrict From the St. Lou
is U emeille, of a letter from Upper Califor
sia, writteni in May, 1845, is of some ia
terest, wien we consider the fact that our
comtr'imen ire now emigratintg to hlie
furthest Wes(:
Our hnivest Impiens lim abot three
week-. ail I hope to sectire at least 12,
000 hi-hecls of wheit with harley, peas,
beani, & e., inl proportion. The next year,
lioe iver, I hope to obtai am dm oulible qminti
Iy, ami so oil each sicceemliiig year. A
ralmega (two hushels) of wheat is uisually
worth herc abotit two dollars, but at pres
emit, betfore the hamrvst, it is sol for 4 dmll
hars. ' Throumgi our excellent water com
immications, mhe sale (if our products has
ficilitics misuirpissed in tie- world. ForI
exI1miplem, I Iavm nmw Iair-.e contracts for
% imat ani other staples with tie itus!-ians
fit' tie norsitha west coast. Were I ale im
freight the anmimit of four lhmired tons
smrm, they wouh receive it Tm- lRis
sia) e-li nies ofst the north are increasilig
every Vear. WInC I visitcl Sitka, six
years ago, timir consuimption was il
ready great, and is now four fol. Sitka
i; the Governor's residence, ammi(] the See
of the lishop, ithi a seminary, good
school, a theatre, etc., aml lies inl 57
mirth latitude. I amm nmgoitiating for tie
oipeniig if i second good outlet for
e'xport, with die Frenehk government,
wihiri needs whieat aidh othmer pr odua
for its Maiquesas anm Otaleite ' .
-.- Fremich ship'"L -ow i. b
hi~~ ~~ iiiip 144,O'ths
v iI*$ the haty yearly to pureclinad616 L 16
thos1 isla mis. We hate 'mnelnlH ereourid
.omo, Wi h the Sainwich Isnl!, 'vimch has
becui gretily iere'anedh within it fr-n-w y',r.
Our- visits grow nimore frequent every year,
from the Sothii Sea navigators and whale
fishermen, of the laiter of which from 25
an 30ailready toummch at lime harbien of.St.
F'ra mnisco Vybrly."Sh~iist m'war ideniIft
ailly make their '
captains have ofiten fissured mnemthiat this
harbor is the finest inl tie whomle Pacific
Ocean.
Next to agriculture, the raising of cattle
is our t mst important pursuit, renderemd
casier by hlle fact that we have hardly nimy
witer, anid IMs siow. So sooll as it begins
to lain i atitumn, everythiiig is gre.-n
amganmii, and stock is list the whole wiinter
I rouaghii. 1 y mti cetioln of stock consists
of abi mt i ,000 lai f oxen, 1,200 mares,
200 tiame horses, rmula's, &c., :3,000 sheiep,
hm imamy h heg. They ill pasture thern.
'1tves, witiouit difliculty, inl the rich prai.
rim' mimi 1i0ltoms of the Sacramento valley,
:mii 1 m's itm troible but a little wuatich.
"lg. gem-rally attended to by e Maimive
I mil ians. It is pirtirmeiny a grei n--i
hilyzmi ipene wuithu thamit wme ennm hire thme
l~anm ali lisI slmers verny chseaphiv. They c
uikei~ slamvry whollyh unnlece'ssrv hemre,
msiii maym~ bie 'emuployemd for alil is1d andm
- houase work. lI harvest, I hmave frequaently
Nmi cmimuntry ini tihe worbni is b'ette'r adapt.
md for mhe ine i ramisingnmclln -n
s ae i sme pmarts, ando a conms iderabile
wiihi the yieldis, gain greamt prmolits. Wem
ha sve stevmeraI istances mmf Frenc ascimii A mem
ric'ans, whosime faie ymiunmg pslantaltionis,
-nif5' v''isi. Themm v'iimmvarmds arm'
- '''ml o aligme trt-ins time lamst,
truit' A proa.:n mhe r'I frn the cuml
mmre' ins te grapeim, mof is .;, , of' tlsm
'acam entoimimm, the Sm. .iia-. . -m , upi~
sttrets, Is ist lsamsihmsaatee mi the u ii,. e
ma Upolm Iiseim halslis. Theim'"m hearm m v'erm *mh,
r ginap's, tof mu bich we ifteni niake wimne, vm.
mi'- ner mmiiful brandm'.
Thie rivers mire mall mof mih, sciainillt
a ';hnmion, m ichs .urpa~ss thiose iof Cmobuisia
imer. Theim lam mriest mweiging frmiom '10 tom
(smo mis fo(iml ina prsionimm----as form ex -
-srimih iimsnsiat' tlst mli, ii hiem'h ammme'
mis lit nil mmid ims stmimaer mire mmei'm ftlt. 1E.
mimmimll m'imammos a're thme mast imherd toft wmild
hoii s, deer'm. mauintlopes, & in. Of' hemarsm,
hr am em saci mli mbersia's. A mmi in lime ri''nym
- mo tespecmily , mnet canmsI kili immes'et
- 16, ' i i r iht s'ay~ mmiilionisi'f miuei,m, gs.''C ,
c'am'ne, pimsira'nmm, &ks.- litan r, isim, andis
* i midn tt s U: mar m m:ili he t'mmni ii m-..mt
The New Orleans Times, speaking of
tlie same comiry, says:
"A very large portion of Upper Califor
alto is. nearly valueless, Mi tlhe sotilhern
asnd eastern parts, indeed tlhe wlvile .pro.
vimee, except thamt section bordering on the
Pacific, is an irid and barren waste, witi
extensive and parched sanvly plaiins. Wieno
we reach, howevei, tie western porlioc,
n hici lies nearest tle Pacific Cioast, the
ey11 is greeted with an aspect of nilture, it)
her loviiest nd most attractive forms.
This ieattiful tract of ind embraces the
whole country, drained by the waters
wihichs empty into the ia of San Francis
co. Tie river Sale .Io'quim, whici runs
600 miles, and is navigabic through nearly
it's entire extent, irrigates a splendid ail
spacious valley, covered with dense folinge,
anmd possessing a soil of unsurpassed fer
tility. All the elements of agaicuhutrai
wealth abound m profusion, save a propi
ions climate. From April to Auttumn tlie
lowlands are converted into iigre fens, by
imessant rains. Tic Sacramento river is
aiotier of tie tributaries that flow into the
hav of San Francisco. It rises among tIhe
mioutatuins that skirt ilie lower border (if
Oregon. and flows 300 miles through anl
OPen and1] level country. interspersed with
groves, lakes and beautiful savannahs. It
is navigable three-fouritis of its course, and
time countiry watered by it, in soil and cli
mate, is alike admirable. Ticse!are tlie
principal streams that wamter and fertilize
the western portion or upper Califuriia.
Tie superficial area of this magnificent
valley is estimated at 40,000 miles, or
about tL:e size of our ll:ges States. Ii res
pect to its agriculturl capaibilities, those
wic havc explored the region trnisi 1the
lost glowinlg desriptior.s. VA N CoUvEn,
PA t NIt A.Z nd I luODT unite in attest
ing its wonderful advantaiges, thu richness
ofmhe soil, time luxriance of its herbage,
its diversilled scenery, and the mildneas oi
time climate."
INDIAN's EPITAPH ON A Gntoosm.t..n.
-An I1diat agreed to furnisi an epitaph
foir a grogseller namned Teasel. This epi
taiph was toi be ptut at time head of Teasel's
grave when lie died, anid for this service
the Indian was to receive his.grog and sup
per. So, after having got bitters and his
supper, he commenced thus:
There was a man who died oflate,
ngels did with joy await
nd wings of love.
But lids the Indian catnot ta'deda td
fech'irfg he could noVgiv h
bitlers next mo 11nen i r a&
lows: - .
But wihile contending for the prize,
tijg 'neath tese lower skie
An, don 1 -
CA it DAI eoTe rriend who has
just returnedi froimM exicani country
lumrisles lhe jplW ing as the manner in
whici a Diutchman, whogam1ts on sentry du
tv, proclaimed the houitr. "Thie usual cry is
1 llaif past tenm o'Clock, anmd all is well !"
The Dutchmann had forgotten the precise
words and sting oit at tie of his voice
"More as den o'clock and all ish petter as
goot!"
BEAUTIFUL ANETcDOT..--Tt is related in
Whartonts History of English Poetry, that
(Imring the reign of Edward Iii a troop of
warriors being lrawn up for perilous en.
terprise. the beatitiful and accomplished
CoutIless of Salisbury sepped forth, and
to mnspire thenm with fortitude, kissed evel
ry one of them itn time presence of thou~tsands
of admmmimng spectators. It may be added
that onae of her garters becoming acciena.tly
tutloosed, wvas picked tip by onme of time hie
roic bantd, whoa bmotund it around hmis kmnee,
snmyimr as ihe did it, "Honi7) soil qugi mialy~
pen se," (evii to him who evii thminks) anti
thais bmeaumtiful incidenlt becamme time origi
ii time Order of time Kntighmts of thme Gnrter
lI'he days of Chmivaliry have passed away.
FOFUIDDEN MARRrAGES.
A t thme Inmte tmeetinmg of time Prcsbytery of'
of( Louisville, time case oif a man who haud
mmarriedl his decensedl ife's sister, camne imp
bmy waym; of referencee froim mne Eof lime chturchi
~essionts, andia thme Presbyvtery by iiast
'mnmamiimtms vote excluded im from time
chummrch. TlM -.: *. a stiaing rule
oEme year: -i a-. a ,he ~E'ssions I'
takoe thatl c.>'aat: th , ,mam *
tfite uarebin whmo was ini thea
h t oinyig ou late tha bmy oflhir
e. om ii m nothmer, fair nmsconduhtct. "Wil
li iii my boy,"' says she; "if youm persist in
thetice, it will amost utndouibtedly shmor
tr* r tdays."'
mu .mothleri," r~ephi Ed tim hoiiEy, "if it
s * mym mdays it wmill immake liny nights
lam. r -w on't it t timer?"'
" 's hommw tines your fastber' hamper is
*h prevenIt thmemjnmiing over fences?"
' i'h. thait's easy tenmamght; hie jiusts ctst
:m ha' . rogm onme hindm lec anid sticks tihe
oila t mughm it, anda thten piis otme of time
faor b - throgh that for mmio