The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1866-1891, May 23, 1867, Image 1
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VOLUME XXV. CAMDEN, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING,MAY 23, 1867, NUMBER 45.
... _
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
THOMAS W. PEGUES.
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~ AGRICULTURAL."
? i
STOCK AND PASTURE.
It is generally accepted as a fact, j
that soil under pasture grows fertile, j
When land is plowed and cropped,
and pasture forms parts of a systematic
rotation, the soil under grass
recuperates in power to grow grain.
This is due to several causes, prominent
among which is the thick turf j
* formed and plowed under, thus sup- i
; plying a quantity of manure for the 1
'succeeding crop. If a*field were
left in gras* for a long time, and all
the growth allowed to rot on the
grouiud, we sec no reason why the
soil would not increase in fertility j
so long as this practice was con-1
tifwaed. But were the grass rcmov-1
e<5. am the form of hay each year, and j
mo compensation made, no practical j
famer would contend that the soil i
grew richer when subjected to such
treatment for a long time. Land in
grass, then, becomes rich only in
proportion as the growth of vegeta?
* ?. n !j.
Die matter irom it?as iuois, steins,
leaves ami seed?is returned for
manure.
Land is enriched l>y pasturing
for the production of grain in.two
ways; the formation of a sod to be
rotted for manure, and the desposition
of the solid and liquid excrements
of the stock. It is important
f ^for the grain former to consider the !
kind of stock which, feeding on his j
"L . 7 O
pastures, will enrich them most. |
There is, perhaps, not much practi- i
cal difference in the amount of 111a-,
mire made hy various animals on
the same pasture; hut the form in
vbieh it is desposited, and habits of j
Kiock in choosing their resting places i
ought to be well considered. Horses j
are the very worst fertilizers of pas- j
turc; they are very close feeders, and j
they delight to graze the summits of
knolls, and all spots where the herbage
is short and sweet. On such
spots they are continually feeding,
vet they manure them very little.? j
The observer will find their droppings .
mostly in rich hollows, places where |
the herbage is rank and coarse, showing
that the soil is already fertile
above the average of the held, in .j
this respect cattle have .not the same ,
instinct as the horse, and they arc
neither so close nor so dainty feeders,'
hut the objection holds against them, '
as the horse, that their manure is not'
scattered sufficiently for the good of,
the land. This is, indeed, the child j
objection to employing horses or cat-1
tie to enrich land by pasturing. If
the grass is turned into hay and fed
to them in the vard or stable, the !
V ' j
manure therefrom may be saved and :
applied judiciously. But this course j
involves much labor. In the field j
every observant farmer knows that the
droppings of horses and cattle seem j
to fertilize the soil hut little when ;
their bulk is considered, and the best;
offV>r>f-s nw invnrinlilv tnr>n nr?h from i
the solid but from the liquid manures
that fall on the field. In pasturing
.cattle and horses, we conclude that
not much more than one part in a
hundred receives any manure, while
.the ninety-nine other parts are impoverished
as much as though the
grass were cut and removed in the
form of hay.
Without doubt sheep arc the very
best stock with which to enrich land
fry pasturing They range over the
whole field and refuse hardly anything.
Their manure is scattered in
the very best form it could be applied
as a top-dressing. If they frequent
to knolls where the grass is sweet they
.also enrich them and they choose for
their resting places at night, and
therefore fertilize, the highest part
of the field. In hot weather they will
frequent the shade trees, but from
such places the accumulated m&nurc
is easily scraped up and distributed to
other'parts. And the farmer who is
mainly a grain grower will find no
stock profitable and convenient for all
his purposes than sheep.
Advantages of Pulverizing the ;
Soil.?The effects of pulverizing or
stirring the soil are numerous:
1. It gives free scope to the roots
of vegetables, and they become more !
fibrous in a loose than in a hard soil,
by which the mouths of the pores become
more numerous, and such food
as in the soil has a better chance of
being sought after and taken up by
them.
2. It admits the atmospheric air I
to the spongiols of the roots, without 1
which no plant can make a healthy i
growth. 1
3. It increases the capillary at- J
traction or spong-like property of 1
soils, hy which their humility is reu
dcrcd more uniform, 2nd in a hot season
it increases the deposit of dew (
and admits it to the roots. 1
A tt- it?/?mi.\ene +lw* fif 1 ^
the soil in the spring by admitting J
the warm air and tepid rain.
5. It increases the supply of or- 1
ganic food. The atmosphere contains
carbonic acid, ammonia, and 1
nitric acid, all most powerful forti- 1
liters and solvents. A loose soil con- 1
tracts and condenses them. Jlain and 1
dew also contain them. And when 1
these fertilizing gases arc carried into '
the soil by rain water, they are ah- 1
sorbed and retained by the soil for '
the use of plants. On the olli'er band,. ;
if the soil be bard, the water runs off 1
the surface, and instead of leaving '
these gases in the soil, carries off some '
of the best portions of the soil with '
it. ' 1
0. T>y means of pulverization, a ]
portion of atmospheric air is buried 1
in the soil, and it is supposed that am- 1
monia and nitric acid are formed by. 1
the mutual decomposition of this air !
and the moisture of the soil, heat also '
being evolved by the changes. (
7. Pulverization of the surface of 1
soils serves to retain the moisture of :
the subsoil, and to prevent it from '
being penetrated by heat front a 1
wanner, as well as from ratjfftting its 1
heat to a colder atmosphere than it- 1
self. These effects are produced by 1
the porosity of the pulverized stratum, j
which acts as a mulch, especially on
heavy soils. ' ]
8. Pulverization also, as the com- 1
bimed effect of several of the precc- '
ding causes, accelerates the decompo- ]
sition of the organic matter in the i
soil and the disintegration of themir.- '
eral matter, and thus prepares the !
inert matter of the soil for assimilation
by the plants. - j
Tim Weather-and Crops.?Eve- -!
rywhere heard from in this section, ;
there are favorable indications of an J
abundant yield of wheat. Not only :
is the prospect Mattering in the ex- "
trcuic, but the quantity of land sown ;
in wheat exceeds the ordinary amount
to a considerable extent. The oat 1
crop is likewise promising. Cotton '
and corn are looking well! and the .
O 7
proportion of the latter is largely in
excess of former years. This is truly
gratifying information, for upon this
important fact depends the sustenance
of thousands. "VVe need provisions
of our own raising; in order to
lay the foundation of prosperity fertile
future. The experience of the *
past demonstrates the necessity for
our people to become independent as
regards the actual necessaries of life.
.Anderson Intelligencer, Mag 8.
* n Wl.An Pliillin
A DiS.VMlJIjii vjjiuii. iiir.ii j. iuiiij. |
Henry, the father of the celebrated
commentator, sought the hand of the
only daughter and heiress of Mat.tlicws,
in marriage, an objection was
made by her father, who admitted j
that he was a gentleman, a scholor, j
and an excellent preacher, but lie |
was a stranger, and "they did not;
even know where he came from.' ? J
"True," said the daughter, who had j
well weighed the excellent qualities j
and graces of the stranger, "but I j
know where he is going, and I would ;
like to go with him!" and they walked
life's pilgrimage together.
An Irishman just landed in this
country, on a sharp frosty morning
was run at by a tierce, noisy mastiff,!
who threatened to devour him; where- j
upon Pat stooped down and seized a |
stone, with which lie expected to stave ;
in his assailant's frontispiece, but
found the stone frozen fast?a phenomenon
utterly new to his experience.
"A fine land of liberty this!" soliloquized
Pat, sulkily, "where they
let their dogs loose and tic their stones
fast to the ground!"
From the Charleston Mercury.
EFFECT OF THE RADICAL POLICY.
When the war, which was a war of
sections, closed, it was the policy of
the general government, if a continued
union of the United States was
its object, to obliterate as soon, and
as completely as possible, everything
which would tend to keep up sectional
alienations. This, however, has
not been the policy of .the dominant,
party of the United Stales. It is
now two years since the war ended;
and during this time, the Southern
States have been repelled from a |
union with the United States under j
continual agitations : until at last, as !
the best means to enforce terms upon |
them, which the}' knew, in the opinion
of these States were most repulsive,
degrading and ruinous, they
have converted them into Territories
)f the United States; and put them
under a military domination, no Territories
of the United States, have
- - - mil i
Iiithcrto Ijcen compelled to emuire.?
riiis is done, in the name of peace
md the Union.
But the actors in this policy, seem
to have totally ignored nature; and
the inevitable tendency of their measjres,
to defeat the lasting peace or
;ontinuancc of the Union itself. The
political struggles before the war, and
the war.itself, produced a strong sympathy
and affinity among the people
)f the Southern States. It is no exiggeration,
to say that the procecdnc;s
of the Co 'gress of the United
n i
states since the war, more than the
:he war itself, has spread and intensified
this sympathy amongst the pooale
of these States. Kentucky, who
efnscd to join the Southern States
in their late struggle, is now so intensely
Southern and anti-Northern, '
that wt\^B%Str vehemently urged by j
?ome of.'nwr*.'Radical press, that she j
be put>. immediately* under military j
control. Maryland, by her own rep-j
reseritatives in Washington, is rcprc-j
seated as being so Southern and re- j
bellious that the military power of |
the United States is invoked, to over-1
throw her State existence, in order j
that a Republican form of govern-:
merit should be em forced upop her? i
that is; that she may be Radicalized. !
Tennessee, reconstructed, and in the '
loving embrace of Radical domination, 1
is a blazing crater of discontent and j
contention ; and bitterness towards !
the'Nortjliand sympathy for the South
is growing with every day's con tin-nance
of the foul tyranny under which I
die labors.
- So flagrant is the tendency of the j
policy, of the Radical Congress of j
the United States, since the war, to
scctionalize the South against the
North, that we sec Mr. AVcndel Phillips,
predicting-that nothing short of
\ miracle "of God^-win ' prevent the-)
late conflict between the Northern
ind Southern sections of the Union,
from being jrenewed. j This" 'conyic'
i -j..-.,. .i.:? i.?
tiou, However, uoes uoi luiiuou-'aiui iu
cease the policy by which the feeling
lie (1 escribes as.tending to this-result
has been engendered, (in flic contrary,
with the usual wisdom of all
oppressors, he. advocates- and urges
still more oppression. - Mr. -Phillips'
anticipations, we do not believe will
be realized. The next contest will
not be between the North and the
South?-but.of one' thing we arc assured,?the
people of the Southern
States, now regard each other with
more sympathy and affinity than
they ever did?and with more sympathy
and affinity, than exists between
any other portion of the people
of the United States.
JUxpansion and centralization seem*
now to be the policy of the United
States. The two, appear to us incompatible
with durability. A distant
government, must be & foreign government
; and a government which will
extend from the North Pole to tho
Equator, can be nothing but a foreign
government to the various parts of so
vast a" country, ruled by a central
authority. If such a government,
like Russia or the ancient Roman
Empiro, rolios for its adhesion on
mere military power, it may endure
for a while under the rule of one
strong hand; but with any of the elements
of free government, which implies
free will or choice, it may not
be of a very long-duration,
The Southern States arc a united
people. They will continue naturally
in cohesion, from their common memories,
sufferings and persecutions. No
other portion of the people of the
United States, have such elements of
union and nationality. The Eastern
States, and the Western States, have
neither a community of interests nor
of feelings. The one hits been plundering
the other for the last forty
years, by their prohibitory tariffs.?
No agricultural people ruled by a
manufacturing people, can be otherwise
than oppressed. No people under
the Poles, can rule justly those
under the Equator. A central government
over them, must be stripped of
its centralization.
The lawless will of a Congressional
majority, is a government that must
be reformed, or it will wreck the country.
Sectional interests will clash at
the North and cannot be reconciled,
except by being left out of the general
counsels and kept free from intermeddling
legislation.
Charleston Mercury.
The Fidelity of Mr.. Davis'
Servants.?Married on Tuesday
night. May 7th, at Fortress Monroe,
(< ?n u..ti i,,. r\ o t.??
v^aiiuu J-J.au, uy uiu lie . v/? u. uaiten,
Hector of Christ Church Norfolk,
Frederick McGinnis to Ellen Barnes.
The above deserves more than a
passing notice. It is not often, in
these days, that we "witnesssuch faithfulness
and' devotion on the part of
servants. Both parties belonged to
Mr. Davis' household, and have
shared with him and his family their
long protracted imprisonment. They
were his servants in Richmond, and
have remained true and devoted to
him through good and evil report.
When, after the evacuation of Richmond,
the family were compelled to
move Southward, Ellen could not be
persuaded to leave them, but faithful- :
ly shared with them the toil and suf- i
fering of those fearful days.
When, after Mr. Davis' capture :
and removal to the Fortress, his anx, '
ions, and almost distracted wife was :
waiting for tidings from him who, by ,'
the chances of war, had been thus '
cruelly torn from her side, Frederick, 1
ever faithful and true, sought her, 1
offering his services to go to him and i
lioVp in ministering to his wants, j '
When told.that the slender means of; '
the fallen family would never permit j
such an expenditure, his services were
offered freely and gladly, without re- '
wardior remuneration. When at last, :
arrangements were made and mdans
provided for-him, and he found himself
within the Fortress, a part of his
wages were carefully laid aside, and
have been regularly sent home to
Solith Carolina to his old mistress
(like many others, impoverished by
the war), who, in bis own words, bad
been as good to him, and whom he
loved as a mother. A like faithfulness
and liberality must be recorded
ofEllcss.
Surely such an instance speaks for
itself. Who docs not feel that the
unobtrusive faithfulness and devotion
^ f i -i i _ _ ^
I ot tuesc good pcopic are a nuuie uiu- i
{ ute to one who will ever be regarded,
by all who knew him, with peculiar '
affection, whom his friends admire and
cherish for his high integrity and
noble bearing in public, and quiet
gentleness and refined sympathy in
private.
God bless the happy pair! May
Heaven smile upon them and give
them all the good things of life, which
they so richly deserve.
II a it]) ox the Old North State.
?A recent number of the Land we
Love relates the following.
At the battle of Kingston, the Junior
reserves?made up of lads of
eighteen?were sent to force the crossing
of South-west Creek, and drive
the enemy away, to make good the
passage of other troops. This they
did'very handsomely, but encounter-,
ing a very severe lire, a portion of j
1. i. L\... _1.. I
| one regiment sougut a s,tu:i [mia-.
J As they were streaming to the rear,
; they met the Alabama boys and grce-1
ted -with shouts of laughter. A general
officer, in no laughing mood at
their behavior, took steps to stop the
disorder, and with his own hands
siczed one of the refugees.
General?"What are you running
for?" Junior?"Oh, General, the
Yankees were shooting at us!"
General?Why didn't you shoot
back at them again ? Aint you
ashamed of yourself. You arc crying
like a baby."
Junior, (blubbering)?"I wish I
was a baby, Oh, I wish I was a gal
baby!"
To which the Augusta Constitutionalist
adds the following?
We know of a bettor, but not so
hard. In June, 1803. A. P Hill's
Corps remained at Fredericksburg j
I some time after the departure of Ew1
ell and Longstreet for Pennsylvania.
One day, a number of fresh
North Carolina troops had occasion
to pass the Third Georgia Regiment.
As usual, the "Tar Heels" were made
(he target for any number - of smart
jokes. "'How's rosin? sung out a
Georgia cracker. "All out," replied
the Tar Heel. "Hovr's that?" "Why
you sec Jeff. Davis has bought it all
to make youens stick the next time
vou have to Adit."
?/ o
O i> #
Mrs Stevens, the sweet story writer,
has. somewhere thrown off this
excellent passage:?
"Woman, Woman! she is truly a
miracle. Place her amid flowers; foster
her as a tender plant, and she is
a thing of fancy, way-wardness, and
something of folly?annoyed by a
dew-drop, fettered by the touch of.a
butterfly's wing, ready to faint at the
rustic of a beetle.. The zephyrs are
too rough, the showers too lica/y,
and she is overpowered by the per
fume of a rosebud. But let real calamity
come, arouse her affection,
enkindle the spirit of her heart, and
mark her then! How her heart strengthens
itself; how strong is her purpose.
Place her in the heat, of battle, give
her a child, a bird, anything she loves
or pities to protect, and see her in a
related instance, raising her white
arms as a shield, and as her own
blood crimsons her upturned forehead,
praying for life to protect the helpless.
Transplant her into the dark
places of earth, awaken her energies,
to action, and her breath becomes a
healing, and her presence a blessing;
she disputes, inch by inch the
stride of the stalking pestilence, when
man, the strong and brave, shrinks
away pale and affrighted. Misfortune
daunts her not; she wears away
a life of silent endurance, or goes
forward with less timidity than to her
bridal. In prosperity she is a bud
full of imprisoned oders, waiting but
for the winds of adversity to scatter
thein abroad?pure gold, valuable
but untried in the furnace. In short,
woman is a miracle; a mystery."
?
A lis est of a ?Totouiotjs Grab
Thief.?Detective officer Hogan arrested
yesterday, Ball Blum alias
Wilson, who, from his frequent appearance
at the dctectiyes office on a
similar charge, has become notorious
its a negro grab thief. His latest
victim was an old negro from one of
the Islands, who came to the city
with $50 to invest in' the purchase of.
corn. He.was met by Blum, who induced
him by promising to show
where corn could be had for $1 per
bushel, to go as far as Gadsden's
Wharf.
Blum led the old negro, who had
the money in his hand rolled up in
paper, to a narrow entrance leading
to premises, on the rear of which was
an open lot. The former halted the
latter in front of the entrance, and
ormtfIiinor the mnnev. told him to wait
o ?; > *
there while he (Blum) would go in
and bargain for the corn. After
waiting considerable time for Blum to
make his re-appearance, the old negro
went in search, but found that his
assumed friend had disappeared. In
great distress, and without a dollar
to buv a loaf of bread, lie went to
Lieut Hendricks and informed him
of the theft, describing the person
who had victimized him, and who
was at once recognized as Ball Blum.
The detectives were immediately notified
to be on the search, which resulted
in the arrest as above stated, j
The $50 was found on his person.? i
Ho had been but recently discharged
n ! ? r?vo Vvliin rr fvnm
iroiii Jiiipri^uiiuiujiu iui gmvuiiig
a white lady, in Wentworth-street, a
pocket hook containing a sum of money,
most of which was also recovered
by the detectives. He was locke<jl
up for trial.?Charleston Courier.
Dii&id'Rktributiox.?During the
war a Democratic editor in Dayton,
Ohio, Boll Meyer, was murdered by
an abolitionist, without an}r provocation.
An abolition Court tried and
acquitted the murderer. The whole
trial was a disgraceful farce, ard all
who participated in it were guilty of
official perjury. Some three years
have elapsed, and the county clerk,
sheri0', and about one half of the jury
arc dead, while the infamous
Judge, who outraged justice at this
trial, is an idiot in a lunatic asylum.
Jiui Lane, while his hand was yet
smoking with the blood of murdered
victims, was elected to the office of
United States Senator by a Puritanic
Legislature. For one of his murders he
was tried, and of course acquitted.
He has fallen by his own hand. It
is now believed by most of mankind,
that Mrs. Surratt was guiltless of par- V H
ticipation in the murder o?Mr. Lincoin.
When she was under sentence f
of death, after a trial . which will be
considered a blot on our. age, Mrs.
Preston King prevented access ?o the
President, and denied, admission to
her daughter, who almost, shrieked
and sobbed her life away on the steps
of the executive mansion." < A few
months afterward Prestoh King stilled
a remorseful conscience in-this world
by sels-murder.?Exchange.
?>i 1 'Tv!.'
The Columbua Sun, of.the I2th,
contains the following: On yesterday *
afternoon the notorious G. ,'W. Ashburn,
who left Columbus immediately
after the abrogation of military law,
and has returned since.its. re-establishment,
without warrantor invitar
tion walked into the law office of our
young fellow-townsman,. William H.
Denson, Esq. Mr. Denson not knowin
rr n.nrl Riirvrinsinrr Kim fn lifrsnrno /%?,/?
on professional business*, invited him
to take a scat, which, he did, and
proceeded to open his budget. He .
informed Mr. D. that General Grant
was a man of genius and General Lee - ,
a mere creature of detail; that the
first would live in glory,. while the
latter would die in merited infamy.
Upon being informed by Mr. D. that
the latter statement was a lie, he ; /
changed the conversation, to politics,
stating that he was here for the purpose
of organizing a Radical party,
that in a few days he would lay his
plans before the citizens of Golumbus,
and that all who did not come:to the
high position occupied by hiinself,
would be prosecuted. At this point,
Mr. D. very properly knocked him
down, and proceeded to kick him out
of his office, down the stairway, into
the street. ,
How to Avoid a Bad Husband.? ?
1." Never marry for wealth. A
woman's life consisteth not in things - .
she possesseth.
2. Never marry a fop or one who
struts about dandy-like, in his gloves
and ruffles, with a silver cane and rings
on his fingers. Beware! There is a . . f.
trap. ; ' . ^ : 8.
Never marry a niggard, close
fisted, mean,-sordid wretch, Who saves
every penny, or spends it grudgingly, g ,
Take care lest he stint you .to death.. ' .j.
4. Never marry a stranger, whose
character is not known or tested.? .
Some females jump right into the fire
with their eyes wide open.
5. Never marry a mope or a drone, . ;
one who drawls and draggles through life,
one foot after another, and let
things take their own course. > 6.
Never rnarrv a man who treats
his mother or sister unkindly or indif
ferenfly. Such treatment is a sure
indication of a mean and wicked man.
7. Never on any account marry a
gambler, a profane person, one who
in the least speaks lightly of God or
religion. Such a man can never make
a good husband. r . ,
8. Never marry a sloven, a man
who is negligent of his person or dress,
and is filthy in his habits. The external
appearance is an index to the
heart. '
9. Shun the rake as the snake, a
viper, a very demon.
10. Finally, never marry a man
who is addicted to the use of ardent
spirits. Depend upon it, you.are better
ofF alone, than you would be tied
1 - ?io V\Allnfo/1
10 4*1 IIKU1 WUUdU UiCdUl xo |;viiuvvu| y
and whose vitals arc being gnawed
out by alcohol..
?*
The Self-Examining Society has
propounded the following queries
about this financial period, to everybody.
Does it cost anything to print a
newspaper ?
How long can a printer afford to
furnish a paper without pay?
Do printers eat, drink and wear
anything?
If so, how do they get it?
Do I owe for my paper?
Is not this particular time a first
rate time to call and pay?
"My Master is Always nr.?
Johnnie," said a man, winking slily
to a dry goods clerk, of his acquaintance,
"you must give me good measure.
Your master is not in "
Johnnie, looked solemnly into th<"
man's face and replied: My mas* ?
is ahveys in " Johnnie's master at "
the All-seeing God, Leteveryt
ed child?aye, and adult- ,e?pt- :
Johnnie's-motto: My mas" ?adopt "
ways in." It will save ,t;er'ts'al-"ifalling
into many sins. from"*
, j-'1
> .