The Camden journal. [volume] (Camden, S.C.) 1836-1851, June 01, 1842, Image 2

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^r^gr.rr^:: Vr^rrt-l'ie Glohr, Jftn/IQ. I TTTK RIIt)I)E ISLAND CASE. It g;ives us the greatest pain to observe the ! tenacity with which Federation in Rhode I^Ian-I' clinwp to power, at the e."pt.-?se <?i" principle. A:;; Iilr. Simmon?"admiti" 1 t!n day foeaor.? yesterday, tiio Charter patty, rdaiinin* io be^the Govern-: went, framed a constitution oxtenrlfir? suitra/jo as-fas as was desirable to their opponents; l.;v disabled thQ.righf thus conferred, by (lcuyinw to that suffrage in ona par: o? the State the weight rriven to it in another part. This?taken in . .-^ Section with the fart, that the piecesj.vj'-ivj vem. I -ikSvtCTO thus gifted..with,, this double edi-rievrv. v-t ' " through the greater represent turr they were empowered to s?nd to the T/vMn'uro, v. cre ;.rocisely the places in which the Charter ?:Vv could command the elections?nr.ltea it pk.k;; that tisc minority, assumi ':-- * '> m .-he a err;: i*;:- i tion for the majority, embodied i.en and cqu>i suffrage ia it, as a mockery, imhod, w .-.m; for while it was an acknowledgment of'.he prinHpie Contended for by ftie body of the.,people, limy . were insulted by denying to them !lie advantage " for whteh alone it was sought. They were invited to participate in the forms of free and equal suffrage, hut the acta of the majotd'y e.\* ercMng this right were rendered abortive, The labor of going throu-h an ^action would under the constituti.-y.i tea.';..nd !>v the charter, answer nooty^r cud but thit of-c.yhibiliuir the Spectacle of a miucgjty voting down the jiutjority at the pells; and presenting the most odious of all distmction3~in a society?that of men performing the same duty as freemen, but uiuleisuch conditions as to subject the greater number to vicld, in the results, the superiority to the in ferior number. If the freemen oFRfao:!e -Jshni 1, on the accomplishment of the Revolution, had established a constitution containing even this iniquitous ^ feature, and had provided on the face of the instrument fortho mode of amendment, \vc should fiavedield that the people .were bound to submit to the constitution as established, until modified in the way -agreed upon bv the community originally creating it, or until successful revolution had absolutely extirpated it, and firmly established another, superseding it as an actual Government. We admit, that whan a Constitu * * tion contains within itself the power of emendation, being .the paramount law of the land?the sovereign will or ail the people?the. legitimate form of altering and changing i\ is in ecr.lViiv.ily jj with its provisions. N(i*ni;ijorit v, irrespective of the Constitution, can constitutionally and legitimately rise up and alter-and chfengc it; aird for! this simple reason, there is no relation between ' the majority-and minority, excepting by the Constitution.--Independent of any political organi-1 aation, establishing fundamental laws of government, one maw could have no right to control %. another, nor the many constituting a majority? the fewer, constituting a minority. Each has a natural right to govern himself. But when, by agreement?by the free assent, express or implied, oftly* citizens of a commonwealth?a free Government is adopted, then, within its powers, a majority has a right to rule; and Its acis are, constitutionally speaking, the acts of the ininori-' ty; because in conformity to tlie fundamental law of all. And if, in this fundamental law, there is a method prescribed of changing or altering it, then this is the only legitimate means of accomplishing this end. But suppose there is no provision of altering or changing the constitution: is it unchangeable! Certainly not. This power not being bestowed or regulated,'is still with the whole people, and, of necessity, must be under the control of the majority. iVow if we understand the state of affairs in Rhode Island this is precisely the case. There is no proviion for altering or changing the fundamental law, and therefore the majority possesses the power. The charter granted by King Charles to the v Land Company of Rhode Island, (now insisted upon as a constitution,) contains no provision authorizing those entitled to the privileges, and exerting the powers cor.lcrreu ?y it, 10 aimr m amend it. The Sovereign who granted that charter reserved to himself all sovereign authority. The charter?which gave to the shareholders the lands, conferred by it the right to vote,, and elect governors, legislators, or managers of the common concern?gave to those shareholders no right to vote a new charter or new Governmentto themselves, independently of the King's will The Revolution, which dethroned the King's sovereignty in Rhode Island, did not; set up that of the land owners in its stead, but , it made the whole people sovereign and ii.dej.cn- j ' : dent; and they might, then, Imvc used the power cxerted.-in every other State?that of establishing another form of government, abolishing the Charter Government. If they did not choose to exert this right instantly, can it be pretended thai the sovereign people forfeited the right conquered from the King; and that it vested in the corporators, under the charter, to the exclusion of the other free citizens of the Ntate, who fought 1 the battle of sovereignty and independence.' We I think not. / If our conclusion bo right, then those who | k have wielded the powers of government under! the old charter (which contain:; no provision au- j thorizing its corporators to change or substitute something else iur it) cannot pretend to assert the privilege of making a constitution for the people. With the minority it must be a privilege, if they have it at all; for surely it will not be contenced that the minority have the natural right to make the fundamental laws of society. The minority claim this privilege in Rhode Island; but whence do they derive it? It is not conferred even by their charter, to which they cling as (he origin of all their authority. .As it is not to be found there, and is not an inherent natural right of a minority, upon what pretext have they ventured to provide a new constitution for the at people? If the constitutional act 01 the majority B- he an '.ct of insurrection against the Charter (lo? *,; vernment, what is the constitutional act of those wielding the powers of the charter, ai:d by which they proposed to supersede it, but a revolt ] against the authority under which they claim j ..a. their powers, inasmuch as it docs not empower' l | ?M?, nf TIICJ iur|?uiaivno to ^uuuci vji c Jiaji^u lxj^; -iuui vi i the Kiu?f? ? If, then, the majority of the people of.Jlhode Island cannot inal:ea'con.uiiution;' there is no powcriu the State competent to accomplish it;' and the people must !ho and rj;? forever the tub-' jects of King Charles' Charter. GEN. JACKSON. The following letter was read in Senate d?rinn-the recent debate on the bill to refund to Gen. Jackson the line imposed upon him at A'ewOrleans. ? IlEKtKiTAcr, March 14, 1812. "Dear Kir:?I lnve the pleasure to mhetr.cl-j edge the receipt of your letter of the ?L.:i m February last, and hasten t<> reply to if. "Having observed in the newspapers that you .* had given notice, of your intention to introduce a bill to refund to ioc the flue (; rmcipai and u.;e est) imposed l?v Jtidce I la!!, ivr 'he .!V:s!nrrtivn' 1 . " ~~rrr.~^wrz?: a. . . ..n..rg;?g r\.r..w oftTinrli.'il lav- at Nrv.v-Orlori::?, it was my (Is'erniismioii to nn.Irr. s von on the subject, but the focb^ st- :o of ti;v health has heretofore prevent o 1 it. 1 .'bit that it was niy fjjjiy 10 uiiuiK \uii icM.'iia disinterested and voluntary act of ju.=tico to my Ci'mrurcr, and to assure you that it place? me in:-.!t ions which I shall always aeknow!: i.h.e with ilutlo. is i.ot. lb" amount of!ho line thai. is importent to mo; i' is the inot 'hat it was imjio. vi forrcs' iis which wore not well founded :um! for the exorei- of an nu'herily which v;a iK.'C'.'.-^r.ry to *l:o ru'-ci.'-ftil defence of Xow-Or. if? a-. ! witt. which i! mil.-! be ::o*.v obviou; to all tl " world, the Uritish would have I con ii a* I'to closo of she war, of that jrroat emporium of i To V.'.-V. I:i this. ;.oi:;t of vimit see:.:-: to me t.Yii limr tm'.ry is intoro.'lod i: the passage of the bill: lbs* exigencies like those whit ii ex.". *r-r! at .\"ow-Orlo:ms may a <rni: r>r::*o: and a co:::m*::,:!!n?f f'ojier.;! on ;!: not lu dcterr-i from 1-hiu,; the i"\-Wary rc.-;:n:*::i!)i!i ty by i.:e reflei; ,. jy iho power of till viinkortv.c iud r hi- private fortune, aric tdatte a ster1: upon his rl. racier which c.rn-.o ho !-e;,,.-vod. I would he the lrwt niat! on cart! , -o do any net which would invalidate the princi | pie that tlie military should always lie subjcctc: to the civil power; but 1 contend that at New Orleans no measure was taken l-v me wliicl ! was at war with lii's principle or w inch, if pre.p J rrly understood, war not necessary to ore-sorvi i kI "When 1 declared martial law, Jud-ro I la! I was in the city; si ml he visited use often, wliei the propriety of its declaration was di: cussed j and was recommended by the leading- and patri otic citizens. Judging from his action?, heap pcaro'l to approve it.?The morning the orde was issued he was infrnv o.Ttce, and when il v.-.i; , read, he was heard to exclaim, "A'uu- t!;e co-.m try may be .saved: without itt it was lost." liov he came afterwards to unite with the trencher ous and disaffected, and, by the exercise of hii J power, endeavored to paralyze my exertions, i j is not necessary here to explain. It was enoujr! lor tue to know, that if I was excusable in flu declaration of martial law in order to defend tin city when the enemy, were beseiguig it, I was 1 right to continue it until all danger was over i for full information on this part ol the subject, I refer you to my defence under Jud^c Hall': rule for me to appear and show cause why an at tachincnl should not issue ior u i-omuiiijii. ?. court. This defence is in the appendix to "Ea. ton's LifeofJackson." "There is no truth in the rumor which yen j notice, that the line he imposed tvzn paid by "'! ! ers. Every cent of it was paid hv myself.? When the sentence was pronounced, Air. Abnci L. Duncan (who had been.aanc of my aid-dn. camps, and was one of my counsel) hearing mc request Major Iteed to repair to my quarters am bring the sum?not intending to leave the roon until the fine was jraid?asked the clerk if lir would take his cliocJt,^; The clerk replied in the athrmativc, and Air. Dnucangavc t!ie check. J then directed my aid to proceed forthwith, go! the money, and meet Air. Duncan's check at the bank and take it up; which was done. Tliesi arc the facts?and Major Davezac, now in the Assembly in IS'cvv-Vork, can verity them. "it is true, as 1 was informed, that the ladies did raise t!:e amount to nay the line and costs: but when I heard of it, I advised them to apply it to the relict of the widows and orphans that had been made so by those who had fallen in defence of the country. It was so applied, as i had ev. ew reasoh .to believe; but Major Davezac cat tell you more particularly what was done will i. "Connected with the history of this case 1 would give you some interesting facts, showing the motives and feelings of Judge Hall; but I mo too feeble to write, and I have no disposilior now to revive charges which poslerity will lorn, from the records. Altho' the Judge violated m\ orders, and lied from the defence of the city, and in his proceedings against me for contempt, committed blunders which were extraordinary, if not criminal, it was not in my nature to brood over them after the brilliant close of the campaign; and, hearing afterwards that ho manifest. cd contrition and repentance, J cheerfully lorgave him. "The Judge's character, however, should br out of the question in this case; or at least, 1 have no desire to assail it. The great point it; this:?Ought tint Congress to interpose and return a fine imposed, as mine was, lor the performance of an act which was indispensable In the safety of the country.' And if not, will not the precedent prejudice t.'ic public interest in a similar emergency, should one arise! Can it. he expected that a general will taho a high ai.d necessary responsibility for the safety ol his cotin ... i -".'.rt.i i.,. .I try, il be is insured, mice, or imp; i?.-u ... .. mistaken or vindictive judge, whose liat under en erroneous view ol what is <ii:o to llic forms ol law, cannot be changed by legislative power.' "Thanking you again, sir, lor your generous sympathies, 1 remain v>tir trim?!, ANDREW JACKSON. Hon. L. P. I.inn. (JorrrspoiUtcticr oj it. ('htirirx.'t li Conner. Washington, may 22. We have a number of small items of intelligence, to-day, wliic-li aro not uninteresting. The I.ikin lias been supposed to lc taken, ll has been so announced in t ho new- papers and in the House oi Representatives. But we have intelligence, to-day, Ilia! tlio Loan is not only wit ft/!; ii, but is not likely to be soon taken.? Alter tbe passage oi' (be |,o: n >11), Mr. Siebbins ol New York, one-red to supply the governinent witli what money was immediately wanted i?y if, and to goto IInrope as their agent to procure t lie money for the remainder of tbe loan, on trie most advantageous term.-:?the government to Lave tbe money advanced here on tbe same terms wliic.ii might be concluded on in Purope. This offer was favorably received and was likely to be accepted, but was finally rejected. Next, Mr Havens, of Boston, on the part ol some persons there offered to take such part of the loan as the government might immediately want at 92, and to procure the remainder in Europe on the most favorable terms. This was i-.-.; -!..,! Wvt. tbe HariiU'S and Hone, through their ?';ciif, ofil-rrcd to to take m\ millions till loan at {!'). Tiiis also, ;;!'(<t lioin^ nearly conclude! upon, w< rejected l>y ill" jfnvcriiincut. Then tho Nocrmary of tin: Treasury seat an n^cnt, Mr. Murks, his sou-in-lav.?:< procure three a:u| a in it' ini]|ii.:s which h;i advertised lor. Tee ajtfiii brought to a conclusion, ami the Socrotsiry went on hiin.- < !!.? Tim Secretary was some <!avs in .Vow Vork, and not succeeding there, wont to Ih.sion, where lie v. us at the last dates. I i she mean time, Mr. Marks lias returned to the city wit I; the iitiortmlion that the loan has not been tteeo. tia'cd, and probably with the view to confer wtll i!io ikesMciit mi the terms to be accepted ii ca:-e another oiibr be niade. The Rarin^o and Hope made the best ofiei thai Jiu:. be-on received, but tliey will not renew it. The money .cannot now bo got upon terms as favorable na at first. The reason is that a distrust is leit here and.abroad in the fidelity and stability of the government. This distrust is necessarily increased by the fact that the revenue is far below llic current expenditures, . and t Jiif, in the present state of parties, there is much doubt whether .any revenue bill will .. pass at this session. Messrs Wise and Stanly have compromised ; thoir difficulties, and I presume Mr. Stanly will : resume his seat to--ni??rrou"- ' ?-*?pPose '|C w'll . make a publication o,' an .'dlair which has attract: ?o nmch public attention, Ponies, it is i -'ui!; made concession -Mr- .'^,an'y slating1 that he d.d not intend to press Ins j.'Oi ;P against Mr. . V.'ire, and Mr. Wise regretting i'.^i i" that i case, he struck liUn j P. overtly Johnson, tlio only satvroi' in j j'iO filThir, is likely soon lo recover from the ii> ? jury which he received. ' -| 1 do not I:now whether there will be any mere j ?public discussion of the Rhode Island question ! | in Congress. Many have been anxious to hear t: Mr. Calhoun's view?, particularly as it is known i j that lie doe.-; not agree with those advanced by -;.Mr. Allen. Mr. Roberts has given notice of i j an intention to introduce a bill concerning the . j newer of the President to employ the navy and i J army to suppress insurrections. The bill was -! drawn with a view to the Ithode Island case, and e ' to prevent the President from interfering in ii.? j There is much conversation or controversy here i! on the diilbrent point;' of the'que?:! ion. A Month i j Carolina member of the democratic party, said !, to an Ohio member of the ramc party, in con vcrsation?"then vcu hold that a majority of the . people of the United States can, at their plea; i-utri", alter 'ho Constitution of the United s| States." "Yes, I do," was the reply. ' Then, - sir," rejoined the South Carolina member? / "you and I do not belong to the same parly." WASHINGTON, MAY 23. s Mr. Talhnadgc, this morning, brought bet fore the Senate sundry resolutions, expressive i of Ids views as to the Rhode Island case, and i give notice that when Mr. Allen's resolutions > | were called up, lie should oflerthese as a substi< lute. Mr. T.'s resolutions declare? I 1st. That, by the Constitution, the United < States arc bound not. only to guaranty to every .State in the Union a republican form of governf meet, but a 1.- 0 to protect each of them against . invasion, and, upon proper application, against domestic violence, i 2d. That the form of government with which a . Slate c.7?;jc !n.''> the Union and lias been recog. niscd and represented as a member of the Union, r must l.o taken and regarded as republican, and . tliatsuch State is entitled to all that protection i -i n/,n tvliinh is ! I against invasion ana uoumuv \ ..? I pledged by tlic Constitution of the U. S. i ?J:i. That the government of a State, so rccog> uized as a incmbor of the Union, can only be f changed or superseded, in pursuance of and in f the mode prescribed by the laws of such State, and that any attempt to overthrow that govern men! by force is disorderly and revolutionary, leading to anarchy and bloodshed and to the des> traction of the public liberty. i -1;li. That the application inarlc by the State of i Rhode Island, and of the "old thirteen," to the : j President of the United States, for protection from doiuc.-tic violence, was within the meaning I and terms of the ("o.*.-utation, and that it was >| the duty of the l'le.-i lent to take such prcparaio. . i ry steps as a wire and prudent forecast dCmandi ed, and to direct such efficient measures as are i' contemplated by the constitution and the laws! ' wade i:i pursuance thereof, Kr giving such pro- i [ | tec! ion. | rj Tlio resolutions were read and crdercd to he i | j printed. The second resolution of this series' i j conlains the argument which is urged so forci-i i j lily against the abolitionists, who have assumed that slavery is contrary to the declaration of in- J , i dependence and the principles of the Constitu,! 'dun,! It would seem that there is an intention to | bring up the whole subject for discussion. Air. King asked the Senate to take up his re-1 , solution lixing ilie 30:hof jime for the termina. tion of the present session of Congress, but the Senate rejected the motion?yeas 17, nays 'JO. > The lull providing for the settlement of the aci count of Silas Dcanc, deceased, who was a po| litical and commercial agent of the Rcvolutiona; ry Coiigrcs-, in Kurope, and afterwards min's er j to the Court of France, was taken up, and debati; ed, at great length, and much interest. It ap| pears i:: 17J1, Congress acknowledged thi? ! debt, and ihat Robert Morris roponcu mm. n. ????> j |jn^ily due. It amounted, however, to sixty j thousand dollars, am!, therefore, it ;;evcr was ami never will he paid. Dcanc never returned to the United .Slates after the revolution, lie lived on the charily of a Urilish nobleman, his trend, and died poor and broken hearted. 11 is heirs afterwards applied to this government tor Air. Dunne's papers, vouchors, lice. which he had transmitted, with ar. application for the payment of the accounts. The government had lost or | mislaid them. -Tiicy could not lie found. After j the lapse of some years, however, the papers' were loandip the State Department, and the i : claim ij^nowprcLcciiled only to be referred or , , delayed again. I The Senate passed some time 'in Executive , I session. The 1'resident has recommended to the I | Senate to brevet olliccrs who have served in the i i Florida campaigns. Col. Worth is thus recorn-1 ' 1 ' I * <" 1 I... UlCI.iJCiJ 10 DC lirig^aciiCT Ut'iiri ai u\ inv^v. I ii.o 1 !uurc |.;:.<:cd tlio Navy Appropriation bill.They cut down the appropriations about! provided i?>r a gradual reduction of tin; number ol oliicors to ti e number that was in lite service on the 1st January, 1h.||. I The difference between the estimates and ap-' propriations mils' either be taken from the J lump .Squadron or from some other branch of t he ser- ! v.ce. i The bill to establish a Hoard to frame rules: ami regulations for the naval service, was next taken up. The Hoard was to present rules to the Secretary of the Navy, who was to alter and [ modify them and then refer them to the I'resiI dent lor his approval; and in case they were approved by lhe-1'rcsideiit, I bey were to be reler! rod to Congress lor revision and approval. Af-i ' tar conn, remvorsat ion, it w as determined, withl j the assent of Mr. Wise, to pass Wiis lnii over, i j ami lot t!io Secretary oft lie 2Vavy Irainc the nc-1 cessary rules lor the approbation ol Congress. The Army Appropriation bill couios up next. /'/ ?;; the (itorgin Argt/s. j .Messrs. Cditors?1 have all my life heard a j , great deal about tiio haul times, but i can't say ! . that I have ever found much difference, between i what people call hard times and good times.?? ij 1 Marled life as poor as a dog, I had to work for ! my living, I worked six days in tbe week,and; i rc. led on the sovai:'!i. 1 had not ime to spend j i any mom*-; 1 have worked many a day for :j?J, j cents, hut. iviten night came, instead of going j out a: id going in debt a dollar, I wentto sleep. J j have see:: hard times and easy times, but I have ! & ? c ; never seen the lime when I could not earn more ; than my victuals and clothes; in fact the only ; difference I have found between hard and easy ! time;; is, that in one, people can live upon a ' credit without work, and in the other they have ; to pay for what they fret; I always made it a ! rule to live upon what I made,- and I never paid : <?>-0 per month for board, when 1 only made ten, and I did'nt wear fine clothes if I had to go in debt for them. It takes very little to.jCged and clothe a man, if he don't want to live^ipo | high and dress too fine. I3y spending less than ' I made in the begin ing, after a while my income I began to increase faster than my wants, and in ! good and bad times, I have" always bad enough for tr.y wants. Of late, wc have heard a great, deal of hard times, and J supposed of course, that those who eomnhincd so much, would execise the most ! _ ! .1 r .1 i.l I rs^iu 'Hiiusiiy, niuix'ii 1 bujipujuti nicy v.wciu bo driven to it l:y necessity. Two or three f w^cks ago, J saw a Theatre bill stuck up about thy sheets. 1 lelt sorry fur the company which 1 wouti.' c- .'Jin to this place to plav; for I thought they wot.'d i,-vc to play to empty benches; but day alter d.iv, I s.:w .'tew bills out, and 1 began to think they must have bc.*'Or luck liian I expected; so, a few nights age>, i thought ^ would just go down and see what sort of a coiV'pany t hoy had; I went early and took my scat wi.nre f could have a i good view of the spectators they canic in. I suppose there wore about a h.-'iiJ.'ed and fifty, I and I did not see a man whom I i.ad .lot heard complaining of the times being so hard that a until could scarcely live. 1 saw II that 1 K.'iow i have taken the insolvent oath; three who iutvd not paid their board for the last two months; ' fourteen young men who have not settled their i grog hills at the confcctionaries; two whose ( washerwomen complain very heavily of them; j six who are in debt to their tailor; and at least a dozen who are in arrears at the Jivcry stables for j their evening rides. I saw one man there, and j a man of family too, who not long ago went to I j a grocer in the city and begged him to furnish! | his family with meat and meal to keep his family i i from starving until lie could make or collect the ! money to pay him, the grocer lias supplied hint j now for better than a mont h and not a dollar has lie paid him, but I understand lie has attended the Theatre nearly every night. I thought it! was no wonder it was hard times with such men; men who complain that they can hardly live, and vet spend half a dollar every night for that which is neither foud nor raiment. Now, if any body thinks these arc hard times, just let him attend the Theatre, and he will hud > he is mistaken; ho will see plenty of men go-! ing there every night, whom if lie was to dun j for ar dcbl, lie would think they had'nt seen a sevenpence for a month, such piteous tales they j would tell him about the hardness of the times.! MOOE VIOLENCE. The lion. T. I). Arnold has addressed a letter j to the Reporter of the National Intelligence, in ! which the Hon. Mr. Welter is thus alluded to: J I do not hold myself bound, in lite House or out of it, to notice the intended insult of every blackgtianl that, may bo prompted by his own" malignant feelings or by the instigations of others to assail me, so long as they do not offer me pcr1 sonal violence. Certainly I do not hold myself ! hound in flic House, to notice or re ircss any" in1 suit intended or offered short of personal violence | Out of the House I will Judge for. myself, who to notice and when to notice them. This will l;e time enough when there insults are offered oul of the House. This is not a new position for me. j The feuds and broils, and, I may add the dis- i graceful assaults and batteries which have occur-' red in this House for several years past have1 been much talked of by the People, and, I believe I universally condemned by all men and all parties. This I know was the case among my constituents. Tbcy universally, condfepjncd the practice of members raising rows antfcjlgdhting 1 rack other upon the floor ol tHIs the House was in session. ' I, when at home among my constituents, most, hcartly concurred in their condemnation of this! pugnacious temper and action on the part of mem-1 hers. I have repeatedly declared, that for such ; persona! violence members ought to be expelled ; On taking my scat in this I louse at the Extra.? Session, I tpojt it with a full determination to act in accordance?Mjfth these views. I do not think ! I shall be drfven from them. My position was taken after mature reflection, ami I have as yet; seen no good reason why I should abandon it. I i took this positon, knowing full well the effect it would have upon the br.se and cowardly. 1 know : that they would feel licensed to insult me upon! all occassions in the House, knowing Iheij could do it there with impunity. Such 1 consider the conduct of the base and cowardly skunk from: Ohio on Saturday. Parthian like, lie shot his ar- i row at me, and then retreated behind the pre-: vicus question. The wonderful prospect of mechanical art in this country is not one of the least! of the indications of its progressive great-1 nrss. w clock only to Europe for the; arts that pamper the luxurious. She is; beginning to look to us lor those that ad- j minister to lite lung neglected physical and menial wants of the mass. Great principles must sooner or later overcome ! r..Un . ilicrpl'iire will we. in our nro-! grcssion, soon outstrip the old world.? Already she sends to us for engines for her Hail roads and engineers m build them.? Wo sec that Major (loo. Whistler, the en. "iticr r who built the !5oston and Albany Kail Road, has boon invited by the Kmprror of Russia to take charge of great works I of improvement that that monarch is ear-, ryiog forward, and has accepted this posof honor and emolument. Our enterprise ing townsman, Mr. Norri-, is now constructing several enuines for these same roads. Would not this astonish old Czar Peter if he could hear it??phil Gaz. Murder of Gov. Iioacs.?The Cincinnati Times says: "LiI!>urn \V. Hoggs, late Governor of Missouri, was sliot and mortally wounded on the night of .1? R.I. ...I,.i? .. i.;., I IIIL Utll ? llllfJ fliuili; in u. iuviii 111 mo w*?it house in Independence. Three buck shot, of a heavy load, tcok effect ?one going through li s mouth?o.ic into the brain, and another probably in or near the brain ?all going in, in the back part of the neck and head. The CJuvornor was still alive on the tnorQ* ing of the 7th. Foot tracks were found in the," garden below the window, and a pisto! picked up, supposed to have been overloaded, and thrown from t he band of the scoundrel who fired it. The pistol was one of a pair stole;, some clays previous from a baker in Independence, and the legal authorities have the des-, ription of the other. A reward of S'jUU is offerc J; for the arrest of the murderer."?laicx, ~~t 4 \ V ajjf! - r BjvCDAIQlfi^XlB ? ! 1 S s ''^T, ^WEDNESDAY MflBNLYG, JUNE 1/18*8. We return our thanks to the Hon. John Camp' bell for a copy of his speech on the General Ap- ^ propriation Bill. , -> AGRICULTURAL MEETING. A Meeting of the Watcree Agricultural So* ciety will be held at Swift Creek, TO-MORROW, at half past ten o'clock, A. M. J.' BOYKIN, Sec'y. GEN. JACKSON'S FINE. The whigs of the U. S. Senate Have gained ! another victory. Sometime since, Mr. Linn in| trod need a resolution into that, body to refund i the line imposed upon General Jackson, for de: daring martial law at New Orleans, which was _ referred to the Judiciary-Committee. The Com . initrce made a report against the bill, assigning severril reasons for so doing, and among others, they sav, the request was not made by General Jackson, nor by any person authorized to act for him. Mr. Linn however, had received a letter from the General, thanking him for bringing the , subject to the notice of the Senate, and stating how gratifying it would bo to his feelings, to have ! tbc penalty removed?not account of the money it would put in his pocket?but because it would 1 remo,v?.a etain upon his character which had been TjjnjUStly inflicted. This objection on iho pirtofthe Committee beirgrcmoved,thebill was taken up in the Senate, and'opposed by the whigs on various grounds equally as flimsy, aa-those on which the committee acted. But the argu-,. mcnt upon which Ihej^succeeded in defeating ^ the bill, was, that it cast an indirect censure up- * on the Judgejwho imposed the flne. Adinitting^his to be true, (which no one who i will read the bill can admit,) should Gen. Jackson be denied having justice awarded him, because Congress in. doing so, would cast indirect censure upon the judge who imposed the fine} According to our ideas of justice, a man should have his rights, espbcially wlleie reputation is concerned, no matter upon whom'ceiisure might * fall, either directly or indirectly. We annex tho - > bill, from which it will be seen that it cannot be ever, tortured into a censure upon the Judge?it simply provides for refunding the fine without ' laying censure upon any person whatever. Tho imposition of ihe-'fine certainly sljpws that in the I opinion of the Judge wlib imposed it, 'the Gu^tera! was guilty of^criminal conduct, and thaf^he ' was actuated by Ftnffroper motives. Tiie remo1 vftl of the penalty by Congress; woulcrakow no thing more than their difference of opinion with , the and a belief thatGen. Jacksop, committed no crime in adopting what he considered the most efficient method of protecting the city of New Orleans. How any person could arrive at the conclusion that refunding themoaey could be any thing more than expressing a favorable opinion as to the motives which actuated Genpr- * al Jackson on that occasion, we^are at a loss to conceive. As well might'a reversal of the de- ^ crecs of a Circuit Judge by the Appeal Court^ or the pardoning of a convict by the Executive? be considered a censure?and if such was the case, how many Judges would there be uncondetnned. But the true reason for opposing the bill as it was reported, or by amendments, to make it more obnoxious to the General and his friends, than suffering the matter to stand where has 6toodforv the last seveuteen years, may be found in the hostility, personal and political, of a portion of the whig leaders, evinced towards him, on every K occasion. Rather than reverse the decision of a Judge who might or might not have been governed by palriotic motives in imposing the fine, tlicy are willing to permit the reputation of the inun who devoted his life and his fortune to the defence of the country, to suffer under the iraputntirm nf rrimp. But lot that pass. The time is close at hand when all things will be brought straight,?and though a whig majority have refused to remove the penalty indicted by a despotic and malicious Judge, the old hero has the satisfaction of knowing that his conduct met the approbation of a higher power than a whig Senate. His elevation to the highest oilice in the world, is sufficient evidence that the American People appreciated his motives and applauded the act; and he may yet live to have justice done him by Congress, even | if censure should fall on the immaculate Judge Hall. Thn following is the bill: . A T>! 1,1, to indemnify Major General Andrew Jackson for damage sustained in the discharge of his official duty. lie it evaded by the Senate and House of Repj rcsentatiics if the I'nited Slates of America in Congress assembled, That the proper accounting ollicers of the Treasury Department be, and , they arc hereby, directed to ascertain the amount of the penalty or damages awarded by the district judge ol the United States, at New Orleans, [ in the year eighteen hundred and lifteen, against I Major General Andrew Jackson, then commander-in-chief of that district, for official acts in that capacity, and paid by him at that time; and that the sum so paid, with interest at six per -cent, per annum, be paid to -Major General Andrew Jackson, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. RHODE ISLAND. The affair in this State has been " amicably adjusted," and the only question now to be settled is, which party came off victorious. Each party claim a triumph. One says a compromise had been offered, and the other declares there was none. Among the various statements published is the following from the New York Sun, upon which wc are inclined rely, as the most correct that has come under our observation:? * Wc have al length received information in