another, should l><* driven hy slress of weather, or by mutiny of the crew into the ports of the United Suites, would it l-e held just ami reasonable that such cargo should receive its character from Aiucrian Jaw, and he thrown overboard and destroyed by the American authorities.' It is in vain that any attempt is made to answer those suggestions by appealing to general principles of humanity. This is a point in regard to which nations must be permitted to act upon difi'ei cut views, tin " - find der their acttuwiy e.\is.uig vmnn,. ..., ...... yet hold commercial intercourse with one another, or not hold an v such intercourse at all. It inay be added, that all attempts by the Government of one nation to force the influence of its laws on that of another, for any object whatever, generally defeats their own purposes, by producing dissatisfaction, resentment, and exasperation.? Hotter is it, far better in ail respects that each nation should be left without interference or annoyance, direct or indirect, to its undoubted right of exercising its own judgement in regard to nil tilings belonging toits domestic interests and domestic duties. There arc two general considerations of j the highest practical inportance, to which ou will in the proper manner, invite the attention of Her Majesty's Government. The first is, that as civilization has made progress in the world, the intercoures of nations has became more and more in?ie- j nnndpnt. nf different forms of government j and different systems of law and religion. It is not now, as it was in ancient limps, lhatevery foreigner is considered as therefore an oncmv; and that, as soon as he comes into the country, he may be lawfully treated as a slave; nor is ihe modern intercourse of Slates carried on mainly, or at all, for the purpose of imposing, by one nation on another, new forms of civil gov. eminent, new rules of properly, or new modes ofdomcstic regulation. The great communities of the world are regarded as wholly independent, each entitled to maintain its own system of law and Govern- < meut, while all, in their mutual inter- < coQise, are understood to submit to the ' established rules and principles governing I such intercourse. And the perfecting of ' this system of communitation of the doc- ' trine of non-intervention of*any with the 1 domestic concerns of pikers. ( 'Ifie other is, that the United Slates i and England, now by fir the two greatest 1 commercial nations in the world, touch 1 each other both by sea and land at almost j innumerable points, and with system off* general jurisprudence essentially alike, jt yet differing in the forms of their Govern- t . 1 .U?:? .n; KLKlinrr rtorennnl : v mcni uiiu iu iiii-u i??3 1v>m>g - ^ , servitude: and that so widely does this last j f mentioned difference extends iis influence,, * ,'jrS that tvitho.nt the exercise to tlic fullest cx- c ? ], tent ofthe doctrine of non-interference and r mutual abstinence from any tiling affecting e each other's domestic regulations, the c peace of the two countries, and therefore i the peace of the world, always will be in ) danger. 'J The Bahamas (British possesions) push a themselves near to the shores of the Uni- 11 ted Slates, and tints lie almost directly in * the tract of that great part of their coast- . wise traffic, which, doubling the Cape of t Florida, co meets the cities of the Atlantic , a with the ports and harbours on the Gulf >f d Mexico and the great commercial empori- s um on the Mississippi. The seas in a which these British possessions are situa- 1 ted, are seas of shallow water, full of reefs ? and bars, subject to violent action of tbe !> winds, and to the.agilations caused by the a Golf stream. They must always, there- s fore, be of dangerous navigation, and ac- c cidents must be expected frequently to t occur, such as will cause American ves- c sels t>i be wrechcd on British islands, or' compel tliein to seek shelter in British j( ports. It is quite essential that the mart-J a tier in which such vessels, their crews and ) ( cargoes, in whatever such cargoes, con-' i ?i?i h r?? to hp trpateil. in these cases of mis-'s fortune and distress, should be clearly and jc fully known. You are acquainted with the correspon-j * deuce which took place a few years ago, ! between the American and English Gov-|( eminent, respecting the cases of the En- j < lerprise, the Comei; and the Encomium.? j t I call your attention to the journal of the j t Senate of the United States, containing1 resolutions unanimously adopted by thai ( body respecting those cases. These resolutions, I believe have already been brought to the notice of her Majesty's | Government, but it may he well that both j the resolutions themslves and the debates i upon them should be again adverted to.? j You will find the resolutions of course, among the documents regularly transmiteil to the Legation, and the debate in the newspapers with which it has been supplied from this Department. You will avail yourself of an early opportunity of communicating to Lord Aberdeen, in the manner which you may deem most expedient, the substanre ol this despatch; and you will receive further inslrucr lions respecting the case of the Creole, unless it shall become the subject of discussion at Washington. In all your communications with her Majesty's Government, you will seek to impress it with o full conviction of the dangerous importance to the peace ofthe two countries of occurrences of this kind, and the delicate nature of the questiuns to which they give rise. Mr. Presto;*, of the Senate, has (says the National Intelligencer of Friday) been confined to his bed for a week past by severe indisposition; but, we ore happy to stale, is now cohsiilc'reU out of danger and in a fair way of recovery. m "*V:. .> __ I ' From Kendall's Union Democrat!. | , THE EXCHEQUER PLAN, As reported by the Currency Committee of the House of Representatives, with remarks. A Board is proposed, to l.e called the 4-Excliequer of the United States," to be composed of the Secretary of the Treasury, the Trearurer and Commissioner appointed by the President and Senate for fonr years at.a salary of $301)0 per annum. The Board may establish Agencies at Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Charleston, New Or- j oflioi- nlm-oa to ho snleCted 1)V ! iCflUO Cllllt 1J Vkllwi ^ilUVVU av ?- w themselves. For each Agency there is proposed a Superin- , tendent and Register to be appointed by the President and Senate, and a competent number of Clerks. The Exchequer and its'Agencies to be General Agents of the Government, &e. in all pecuniary transactions. The Exchequer and its Agencies, unless prohibited by the Slates where located, to receive on deposite, coin or bullion, the property of individuals, and issue certificates of deposite tbcrcf)r in sums from $5 to ?100, to an amount not. exceeding ten millions of dollars; said certificates to be payable at the offices where issued and receivable every wiicre for publie dues. To draw Bills at and on its Agencies and sell them for cash, at a reasonable premium never to exceed two per cent. To buy domestic Bills of Exchange when required by the Secretary of the Treasury "for the purpose of transmitting the public funds of the Government to pay its creditors; or for public use, and for no other purpose whatever." Payments by the Government be made in coin : or certificates of deposite at the option of the.; public creditor; public dues to bo received in ' coin, certificates of deposite, Treasury Notes, or notes of Banks convertible into specie where re-1 ' . i? ?1 .i, ceivcd; settlements with uaniisio oe m;;u? khh i balances collected weekly, and no individual to be debtor on account with the Exchequer. 11 The lending ortt, exchanging except for gold and silver, or otherwise embezzling any funds de- . posited in the Exchequer, public or private, to j be punished by fine and imprisonment ; The rest of the Bill is matter of detail. < Remarks.?The Exchequer Scheme has been ' improved bv tne Committee, and with some ad- ( ditional amendments, would he practicable. < Its most objectionable feature; j.rar/icalh/, as 1 now presented, is the rcceivability of the certifi- I cafes of priMt'e depositc every where for public ' dues. The practical effect will be this: The ' St Louis Merchant, having a thousand dollars to 1 pay in New York, will depositc his funds in the 1 Agency at St. Louis, take out certificates of de- ' aosite and transmit them to his creditor in New- ' fork. Being receivable for public dues at New 1 fork, they will be paid into the Exchequer there i; "or duties on imported merchandize. The result'' ivil] be, that for the thousand dollars paid as du-11 ies at New York, the Government will have a . L housanddollars in specie funds at St. Louis. I c When it is considered, that the same process '0 vill be constantly going forward from every , ioint of the Union, it will be at once perceived, i a hat tiie millions of public money now accnmula- ^ irig at New York where specie funds are most l! aluable and most available, will he scattered as . " ast as received, into every section of the Union. 1; The Government will then be obliged lo send its tl ?wn creditors to those distant points Forpaymont r r bring the funds bach again with much trouble, | ^ xpensc or risk. ! " There arc but two modes in which these funds ; an be brought back: One is by transporting i ~ he specie, tlie other is by purchasing mils of n Exchange on New York or other central points, j I! Plic former process would be expensive, haz-1 rdous and to a great extent unnecessary, corn- o ncrcially speaking; and the latter would open i: he door to those unlimited dealings in exchange p vhich it seems to be the desire of the committee ti o avoid. Indeed, the apparent restriction in n heir Bill, will turn out to be no restriction, for h s soon as the Certificate is paid in for public e lues at New York, the private deposrtc of a thou- ll and dollars at St Louis becomes public funds j I nd may then be transferred to New York by a he purchase of a'Doinestic Bill, the restrictions s iroposed only serving to embarrass and delay fl he Government in the operation. h * n ll " ?1 * io in f] in nne, uie pisui us it nun .-.m.,D %... ! proposition to transfer private funds from any n ection of the Union to any oilier section withoc't t< ha roe; and if adopted will throic upon the sen. a vrnmenl the chief burden of the Domestic Ex- ti hanges. What merchant is Simple enough to I >uy a bill of the government at a premium, tl vhen he can get with the tame money a certifi- s ate of deposite withe at premium, which will b tnswer precisely the same purpose? The Ex- c :he^uer will he found without an income to pay o ts expenses, whilst it v,*?U bring upon the Trea- a mrv thp rlinroe. not of regulating' merely, but h M* J ? C"~' t? if carrying on the domestic exchanges. 1' These consequences can be averted only by n estricting the receivabijity of these certificates s o the Exchequer Districts within which they b nay be issued. Constituting a sound local b :urrcncy, they would st ill lie used to a great u sxtent for remittance, thus keeping down the ates of exchange, but leaving those rates .as d hev are now, and always ought to be, a charge r upon the general business of the country. With- ii >ut such a restriction, the provision that indi- j 'J /iduals shall not be debtors to the Exchequer is l b .vholly illusory; for, in the purchase of the [ I jountless millions in bills necessary to carry on j L the domestic exchanges of the country, it can- r not be otherwise than that many of them will I s not be paid at maturity, and an account with the | i responsible parties is a necessary consequence.; r By giving public creditors their option to take jt in payment either specie or certificates of de- i posite receivable every where for public dues,' the government virtually undertakes to pay all! c \r??. Vm-l- To collect its funds!r IIS IIUUIO JJI there i'rom all the rest of the Union, must of necessity be attended with much trouble and expense, but when the transfer of most, of the private funds employed in trade throughout the Union, js superadded, the burden will be found intolerable and the undertaking impracticable. 1 In these views, we trust the friends of the 1 scheme will see nothing captious. We go for ' the Independent Treasury, because it is based on a foundation which caunot be shaken by the fluctuations of trade &the excess of speculation; and we are satisfied that any artificial agon', whether a part of the government or connected with it, whether an Exchequer or a Dank, authorized to make paper issues, will he embar ?.i tkriinn the rrnvenimcut is embarrassed, IU6?CU nuvu and will sink when the credit of the government i sinks. But we expect nothing at present hotter J than the .Exchequer, modified so a.s toinake it I I practicable, and we make ihese objections. j_ which wo ^consider fatal, not in a spirit of op- j" position, but as practical suggestions to its friends. .Surely it is enough, if not more than enough, that the government shall undertake toj ilo'p.p the funds of individuals without charge,! 1 and it is going too far when it also undertakes, lo -A 1, * v *$f| transfer them gratuitously, and at a cost of ont or two percent., to points where they are theft available. This is neither the duly porthe bu sincss of government; vand if undertaken, i should Be. done at a premium which will proven its being a charge upon the people. That i might be made a source of revenue, we havt no doubt. To make a paper currency which shall ht equal in value every where, is as impossible a. 4_ i?; aiu ao wjiu ui uio v/rv u ou-(. - gar beete, duringthe presentation, and eodeav-.1 i ored to make a speech to prove that the petition- \ f ere had fibbed it a little in the preamble; but the ; Speaker put an extinguisher npon his red wrath . by calling him to order. l , Mr. Howard then moved to refer the petition . to a Select Commitee of three to consider and t report upon the same. This would have made Mr. Howard Chairman, per courtesy; but the: . House was too thin to do any tiling-, and Mr. j < Howard let the matter rest for the present. The Whigs had better bo careful how they; . stir Old Hickory's blood?for a dead Ison is j, . more to be dreaded than a live Jackass>?lb. 1 i British Outragff.?The New Orleans Picayr uhe says that the ship Henry, according to her "log," while in the harbor of Vera Cruz, Jan 18, j hove up a small kedge anchor which had caught J on her chain, and hung it at her cat bead. -The . British Lieutenant of the sloop of war Tweed, r I who with his crew went on board the Henry to assist in getting up the anchor, insisted upon tak- , [ ing off the kedge-anchor, which was objected to The .mate told the English. Lieutenant be J should have the anchor jf he could name and ' prove any mark upon it. . The Lieutenant named < the latter" R, but. no such mark was upon the an- j cHo'r. The conducrof the English officers- is ' [ represented as having been insolent and overbearing in tho extreme.* So much so, that three several challenges were sent by Americans to < the Lieutenant, witli a message-stating that un- j less one'or the other was accepted,.the offender. , should be burnt in effigyUpon the pier. The Ilenrv left the next mornintr. and her officers 1 now in this port, express the deepest exaspera- t tiouregarding the-affair. Of ail the. eccentric, fruits of this inventive agp we had the pleasure on Saturday eveningof witnessing one of the most curious. It is nothing more'or less than a hybird monster?a complete blending of two musical instruments of ontlrcly different construction arid amtagenis-: tic principles?in a word, a piece of wonderful mechanism, that produces a perfect combination of the notes of the Yiolia and Piano Forte.? The inventor, Col. A. S Wco'd, i? a Virgin ian?a resident of Buchanan, on James River ? Ifis curiosity was aroused some eight years ago, by some newspaper allusion to a similar attempt inEbjopc; and his mechanical genius, unaided by a scientific knowledge of jmisic, but kept alive and strengthened presevorcnce has achieved a work, that battled the skill of the first mechanics and artistes of the Old World.. The instrument consists of a Piano, of the usual construction and played rn the usual manner.? A pedal, touched by the foot of the performer, turns a fly wheel, which .regulates the movements of the machinery. As each particular key of the Piano is touched, a corresponding key within the box of machinery is acted on? brings down on the proper string one of the four bows, (vvuich are constantly moving on grooves,)1 and at the same time presses on the string a fin- j gcr corresponding fn the human finger, thus forminga perfect nole of the Piano. We heard a variety of music, andante?, and allegros, ad. .Li' a. i l? nr. n' * a.,.1 miraDiy execureu oy mrs. ?v uison?ami ?? y came to the conclusion, that/it was a remarka-' ? lile compound. Some of the Scotch airs in imi- p ration of the Bngpipes-dh particular, exhibited. a the power of the instrument. Mr. W. will remain in the City a few days, and we advise the } dilettanti to call at the Odd Fellows' Hall, and j make up their own opinion without contenting f ihcmselves with this imperfect sketch. [ Richmond Enquirer. ( . ii Our next Governor.?It seems now to be gen- t orally understood that General James II. I Jam- f mond, of Barnwell District, is to be our next Go- a vcrhpr. Parties in the State have settled down a upoh-this nomination with great apparent unani- t mity; and we have no reason to doubt that this t gentleman will fill the chair of the Executive, t with credit to himself and with satisfaction to the u country. General Hammond is a young man, perhaps one of ilic youngest who has been before Use people as a candidate for this high office;' iuit lie is possessed of considerable experience, and very-genera! information, and is estimated s by those who know him, as a man 01 liberal optn- r ions and sterling good sense. He is a travelled man, a gentleman of fortune, and has held, with ^ distinction, a seat in Congress from the districts at present represented by the Hon. S. Ii. Butler. 1 The political opinions of Gen. Hammond are A those of the party now in the ascendency'in our State; hut they are, we believe, entertained in moderation, and unobtrusively expressed. Of 11 course, we diti'er largely from him on many of the tenets of his faith; but as it is net in our power; to choose our own man, we do not know any less : objectionable gentleman whom our opponents could have determined on for this office. r Charleston Courier. s M<,ney Matters.?We are glad to hear that yesterday, the Philadelphia Bank, and the Bank 1 of North America, discounted a large portion of ihs ir receipts with a view of relieving a part of t the great pressure felt in the money market.? p And it is stated that the Farmers' and and Mechanics Bank will," this day, follow their exam- , pie. * This is right. The course pursued at Harris- a burg is such as to create alarm. Yet ourmonied j men, and our iuonicd institutions, must do all ( they cau to sustain our business men, and preserve csnlidcnce. Now is the time that hand 1 must be joined to hand. We believe that the business men of our city have been more careful \ for a year or two past, than any merchants ever , were before. They are consequently Hound, and all must feel an interest to help all. < 1 U. S. Gaz. March 1. i Anecdote of the Revolution.??A traveller through Tennessee or Kentucky, armed with a 1 . double barrelled gun, two horsemen's pistols, 1 and a pocket pistol, was attactcd by a party o six ! Indians. A rock furnished him protection in the . i rear, and compelled them to advance upon him . - ir- l.:ll .1 C.._ ,1.. _;_.i >..J H.? I' i in Troni. j le wntu ??? a'wn mo i : count of the affair is as as follows:?"Six Indians met0110 while man: his*- g-in shoot twice, kill ; . two Indians: ho have tv > liltie iruns, which kill , . two inore; then he pul out his knife whi. h shnct . too, and kili one Indian and 1 think he shoot me ' too and I run." jt ~ -'v-j* X '/til ^ ^ ^ We ar^roqneeted tostatrlhaf a delegate fronj tbo WashyigteaSociely of Baltimore, is expect-, od it this place, probably to.jnorrovc, and will deliver a lecture at the MpftinrHst Church. notice of which will be given by the ringing of the bell. MINIATURES. By 'reference to our advertising eoJumnsy it will be seen that tho 5Iessrs. Chilton propose furnisliingyhose of our citizens who may desire it,'with a fac simile-of themselver. We have seen gome npociroens, exhibiting the perfection* to which the art has been carried, and although they are: not xerj pretly specimens, they are surprisingly exact iikcrtesses. . Those of our L friends, therefore,, who may desire to possess a perfect counterpart of fhemselve?, have nowthe opportunity booing eo. We want them beforehand, however, not to fall out with the artist, if he should nof, at the same time be able to make a handsome picture, and a perfect likeness?the latter may be relied on. Good News?if Tkue.?The New Orleans Bee of the 25th ul.t says: "We learn from from; Capt. Andrews,' of the.schooner C- C. Zabriske,* seven days from Matamoras, that as he was fearing tliat efctyvan express arrived, staihig that a body of about five hundred Mexicans had crossed jver info Texas and h'a'd fallen in with a Texian force, when, after a short engagement,the Mexicans were-completely routed. Such was the slaughter reported, it was. said but two Mexicans escaped with their lives. Capt. A.'did not re- . train to obtain the particulars of t he engagement. We apprehend that there is some exaggeration n this matter; though we doubt not thegeneral :ruth of the statement. Tribute to Mr. YafoBuren r-Our City Council have availed themselves of the presence of ;x-Prceiderit'Van Uuren, in our Sity, to tender to iim_the .tribute of respect and welcome, irrn and decided stand which Mr. Van Buron", ' . jotli as a candidate for the Pr^fecyv and- a?; ;|ic incumbent -of that high offic^Tin- defence of heconslitntionalrightshf tlic'Sdtith, and the digliiy and ability with which headmmistered.tho "oreign-relations of the ccygUy while.in the'exjcutivo chair, entitle him to'this demonstration jf respect on the paitof'ourfcityautbbritiqs; and, lowcver strcngly. Weinay. have.differedfrom him n politics and finance, wa-cofdially unite-in-tho kvclcpmc tendered him. * c - -.? At a meeting of .Council, held yesterday, on motion of Alderman Schnierle, it was unanimously V Respited, That his Honor the Mayor, and a " Clcmmittce consisting of one member from each Ward, be requested to wait on cx-President Van Buren, and tender to him the-hospitality of the :itv-?Charleston Courier. ^ The Texas schooner of war San Anionic, ?apt. Seeger, sailed from llijs nCft last evening 0 join tbeequadrcin in the Gull. We should jot' be surprised to receive information of a bit of 1 brush"in the viciniiyfof cufcoast Capt Seeger lasleen in possession of information for several lays which has induced him to believe -that a cssel will leuve this port about the 6nrae time villi his own, for the purpose of capturing the bin Antonio. We know he had reason to- su6lect that a Mexican vessel with fifty or sixty irmed men, will -attack him. The situation of theSan Antonio is very pccu- -Vj iar. The late mutiny in this port deprived her of " icr entire crew. She. sailed,, yesterday, with ourteen men, all raw hands, but.t^e eleven . oficers on board are of the right sort. Seeger limself is as gallant a fellow as ever lived, and s ready and anxious for a ftght. If an attempt is nade to take the San-Antonio, the.assiiilants will ind that tlicy have "caught a tartar." The Texm gchooner carries six twelve pounders and >ne long gun amidships. Tvather than suffer her o be captured, the commander will Mow her to he skies. We shall be placed in possession of he earliest intelligence relative to the move nents of Capt. Seeger.?Picayune, 22d ult. For the Ctimdcu Journal. Mr. EJiior: Understanding that a wrong contraction has been placed on-^a part of my comnur.ication, published in dast week's Journal, ermit me to say that in speaking of the Toirn ?ngincs, I alluded to those belonging to tko [Wn, and had no reference whatever, to the Ni Gara, which Iconccive solely the properly of that fficient and high-spirited company by whom it 3 ma'naged. TAX PAYER. For the Camden Journal. dr. Editor: Dear Sir?I have no inclination to prolong a icwspapcr discussion, but the communication of our correspondent, Camden, requires a-few obervatiens from me, and they shall be as short as lossible. He says that I made, in a former cnmmuuicaion, statements so palpably erroneous, that any lerson with half an eye can see his object, that I iv dently belong to the in-power-party,