Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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si THE CAMDEIV ~ jJfKWSERIES.J 1AT1UK\, MHI1I <AltOLli\A, WEDNESDAY, " y?? ? Published every Wednesday Morning, THOMAS W. PEGUES, Publisher of the Laws of the Union. At three dollars in ad vftt.ce; tfireedollars and fifty j cents in six months; or four dollars at the expiration of the year. Advertisements inserted at 75 cents per square for ^ -he first, and 37 1-2 for each subsequent insertion.? 1 Tho number of insertions to be noted on all advertiso ^ incuts, or they will be published until ordered to be ^ "discontinued, and charged accordingly. One dollar ^ ?:n -u.rr.nA for a mncrle insertion. 1 per iKjuare wm w vuu.gv? ?. ? 0Serai-mo..iaIy, Monthly end Qurterly advertisemcnts will be charged the same as new ones cachin sortion. All Obituary Notices exceeding six lines, and Communications recommending Candidates for pub. ic Offices of profit or trust?or puffing exhibitions, will be charged as advertisements. Acoounts for Advertising and Job Work will be presented for payment, quarterly. 0*A11 Letters by mail must be post paid to insure punctual attention. COUNTING HOUSE CALENl? i R PAR 1S41. 30 3 H ? H *3 ? = o c ~ 2. s. 3 2 n 2 c c- e e- r ? 5* ? o ' ta 3. 3 J Q. 1>? -? t) R mm . QO / 7 x ^ ? e : .' c- v?; : :!:? : JANUARY. 1 J 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 FEBRUARY. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 16 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 MARCH. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 11 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 3ft 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ATRIL. 12 3 4 5 0 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 20 27 28 29 30 MAY. I 2 3 4 5- 0 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 20 27 28 29 30 31 JUNE. 1 2 3 4 5 % 7 8 9 10 11 12 M 14 15 10 17 18 19 9b 21 22 23 24 25 20 27 28 29 30 JULY. , y "8 3 4 5 0 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 19 20-?l 22 23 24 25 20 27 28 39 30 31 AUGUST. 1 2 3 4 5 0 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 ? 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 " 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER. 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ii 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 c 20 27 23 29 30 s OCTOBER. I 2 b 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 S 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 ti 24 25 20 27 28 29 30 k 31 n , NOVEMBER. 1 2 3 4 5 0 h 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 a 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 b 21 22 23 21 25 26 27 c 28 29 30 ( (DECEMBER. 1 2 3 4 i 5 6 7 8 9 10 II v 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ? 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 I 26 27 28 29 30 31 a ECLIPSES. g There will be six eclipses tlHs$*car; four 1 -of the Sun and two of the Moon. c There will be an eclipse of the Sun on d ^ -the 22 January?visible only in a small v part of the Southern Ocean. There will j 'be an eclipse of the Moon on the 5th of r February?visible. Commencing at 7 o': 9 clock in the evening. fc An cckpse of-the Sun on the 21st Feb- a Ttiary?invisible. Of the Sun, on the 18ih s of July?invisible. Of the Moon on the1 I* 2d August, in the morning?visible. Of 1 ?.? ?? '!>? IOiVi Annuel invicikln V HIIC ?UU UU IIIC 1VIII nw^nw. ????? c . The Rope Walk at the United States ? . Navy. Yard in Charlestown, is said to be J the most perfect establishment of the kind 1 iu the wodd. It is one thousand feet long, t with granite walls, 6late roof, and iron < window shutters. The work is done with ? .an enormous steam engine, by which the 3 Jiatcheling, dressing, spinning, and almost 8 every other operation in making a rope t or cable, is done. About one hundred of 3 . the spinning, . hatchelling and dressing 3 - machines are iu one room, in operation bv 1 , steam. By the spinning of hemp in a 1 machine, a more even thread, and consc- 3 .quenlly more perfect rigging and cables i are formed. At this rope walk, we un- 3 v. derstand, the principal rigging for theh Navy is ox can be made.?jV. Y. Swa 'i POETRY. i I FOR THE JOURNAL. | AMBITION. 2 Lubi.Ton! Is it a name? The shadow t )f a dream distempered ? Ask the wide woi3d. f len feel its instincts flaming in their hearts, I iike torches lit by Nature's hand, and placed klong the path that icadeth to the grave: )r as the fell simoon that parchcth up Lll virtue and its enterprise fast-from * < rhe desert pilgrimage of life. t There was 1 i soldier harnassed for the field, who shook lis untried falchion with the nerve of youth, )clormincd on the stake of victory, J )r death. Ambition showed him burning towns ? Lnd laurels twined with gold, 'till mad for spoil, J fe reined his Barb o'er helpless widow's hearts ; 1 ind on their orphans, still more destitute. )eath met the Hero in the shock of arms, J rhe truo steel fell upon the glittering casque, ' Ind, as a flash of lightning, cleft it through, ? )own to the dust the headless horseman rolled, s i horrid, foul, and bloody corse 5 There was * L'fair haired boy, his mothcris only hope, r Lnd sho a widow*. Life's stormy troubles lad his cradle rocked. But they could not quench s iTie taper light that-burned within his soul. ) Lmbition came before lain in bis dreams, ladiant with smiles, and led him to the care, Vith geius and precious store of science filled. iong did he toil that mine to reach. His books 1 ?To suited key revealed?no seasainc, 'hough oft ho sought it by that midnight lamp1 Vhose feeble ray the morning beam put out.] )eath pitied these sufferings premature ; 'lie secret tear, the feverish agony >f hope deferred. The King of Terrors dire lis man at arms, Consumption, sent, to lay T tl.? ?! ' 1/l'p Kol rt CQ/1 KLturu - nr/l lliart ^ i pull LUU puui UUiJU O IIVUU D?U UIV ?T ^ IMtU VMV. 'lie lamp of life flickered away. Hjerc was I L rich old miser tottering on the grave 'hat he had wished to stop with palaces >f gold. And to his door there chanced to come l boggar, abject, famished and sore. Ambition spurned the wretch to die; Lnd bade Old Dives search his coffers o'er; V'ithin his vaults to lock himself until lis unexpected tomb they should become. Vliat tempts the child of nature from the fiolds, Vnd safe protection of her father's cot, Po ape the fashion of the town and seize Phe baited hook that vico alluring plies Po angle and cnsparc the Lcman's heart? Vhat makes the Being who was upward eyed, ^earless as his brother seraph, and was 'he bosom friend of God, Passion's base slave, Vho can, his purposes to compromise, 'latter, and favn, and chew the cud, and bend 'he oiled knee to dust and ashes vile? 'o worms, and himself a worm ? Ambition ! Jcath spared the harvest of the earth to reap n sudden wo, but round life's streamlet reared 'ho poisoned Up- s of Ambition. Thus j. luman disease aud care are of its fruits ; r lmI thus tho world is filled witli new made graves. ^ ORION. e mSCELIiANEOt)Sk ( From the New Orleans Picayune. UNCLE IKE'S PONEY. Of all thetarnation creeturs that ercrcum nto this world jest for a plague, our Un- ^ lc Ike's poney was a leetlc o' the outdn- c hest!?Sitch a haw-hawin' as Jim Cor- I ins' boys used to set up, when Uncle ( ke tried to turn him round their corner, s o as to get him down the lane, was a cau- 1 ion to skreech-owls. Old Marlue Jen- t ins said that it put her in mind of one i lister Spanler that she'd hern tell on, that 0 all his boss's tail tore right smack out on * ( rnnnl nf his hpin' tnn nhstrrinprlnns: C ut Uncle Ike alwas reckoned that his hoss ouldn't be cured without it was driv in. Jncle Ike never could, somehow or noher, git fairly mounted, but the sarpent vould back rite agin the fence, and rare ip like a hay-slack. 44 You darned everastin creetur,*' says Uncle Ike, 44 why on irth can't you go ahead jest as easy as to jo agin that are fence?' And then Uncle ke would git ofl' and give him a pootv ensiderable smart hidin', but he wouldn't lars too git on him agio, cos he'd run vhen he got licked for about half a day, est like a mad bull arter a streak o' lightiin\ and Uncle was a leetle afeared, at itch times, of gitlin' his head works mocked all to squash. And he was jest ,s ugly as sin, in harness, and Uncle Ike aid, that if he warnt a family hoss, a tind o'air loom, he 'ud a got rid on him ong ago, cos there warnt no doin' nothin' villi, him, no how. So there warnt but me feller down about our parts that could mm it over the poney, and that feller was loe Beadle, he that used to court Jane Wiggins, and he could manage that criter jest as easy as whisllin'. Wal, 41 cum >ut one night that there was to be a dance lown in the Town Ilall, and Betsey John ion, Joanny Rogers, Keziah Taylor and ' i hull bilin' o' gals, allowed that they had J letermined to go. So they raked and I icrapcd about to git fellers, and Kesiah ;he pitched upon Joe, cos she wanted to ile Jane Wiggins, for tellin' Aunt Sukey hat she (Keziah) hud to borry a pair of itockins to go to George Riley's weddin n. Wal. Joe agreed to hitch on, cos he iort o' kalkkilated that Jane would git hat town fellow, Dick Wilson, that sot n the Deacon's pew the Sunday afore, i lo go along o1 her, and he wanted to know for sartain sure.?So there was all-fired jrime slayin' and Joe went down to Kasiah's and tackled up their spankin' Bill, ind got in and sot off- Dick stood out "or the poney, and Jane jined it with hin), ho' Uncle was dreadful unwillin', but as here was two agin one, he at last gin in, lowsomdever he told 'em aforehand, that le shouldn't a mite wonder if they both :um hum missin'. So they rigged out tnd went off pooty darned fierce, slicked -ite stret past Bets Johnson's team and jeat Joe Beadle all to nothin'. Lor! Goly! didn't Jane pass up and look as big as ill out doors when they rid past Keziah, ind didn't Keziah look rite stret ahead, est as tho' there warn.'t nothin' happenn'. They went on at a pooty smart jog, till they cum up to Squire Collins' mills, ind there was an old burnt tronk, that laid tind o' slantcndiklar along the road. At sight o' that the poney skeered and hauled itret up. "Hullo, you varmint git up!" iays Dick?"darn ye if you don't I'll volfop ye;" and lie did wollop hira, lirst ight and then left, then both hands, 'till le got reg'larly tuckerod out, and all of iteam o' sweat, and then Jane she tuck he whip and laid it on to the critter like rhanksgivin' into punkin pies: jest then ilongcums Keziah and Bets and all hands, ind sitch a time us they had was a warnn to strangers. Joe Beadle undertook to :ut round Dick's team hansum, but the lid critter sheered off, upset the slay, and >ut went Joe and Kesiah chewallup into lie snow bank. Bets Johnson's slay got nto the same rut, and they went out head iver heels along side. The poney started o run off, knocked over Dick Wilson, ind tore one leg of his trowserloons clean )ff colched the slay up agin a pile o' plank, mocked it into a cocked hat, and tore for turn like all natur. As for Dick, he heard >nc of the boys hint that his trowserloons vas made for some-boddy with one leg, is he picked himself up and scattered afer the poney. Keziah's bonnet got imashed into a picker o' misery, and she ost one shoe into the bargain, but at last hey all got stowed away agin, and Jane ^ot into Bets Johnson's slay, and off they vent to (he ball; but the hull story had rot there afore 'em, and when they got n there was a general snickerin', 'till >yme by one long nose feller at the top if the hall, haw-hawed rite out, and hen so on one arter another chock down he room. I vow but didn't we have a >rime time that night?the gals warn't (trrliosl and ioal Jipfnrp hrP.1-I tin' up time, the fellers got the fidler Irunk, and put out all the lights, and litch a scratchin' for cloaks and bonnets, md sitch a hugging and kissing, and icreamin', and gittin hum thro' the snow >anks, warn't no laughin' matter for hyclas. Jane Wiggins never arter trusted he poney without Joe Beadle, and the jals ginerally allowed, that there wouldn't i been half the sporl, only for that sar>ent? Uncle Ike's Poney. [From the Charleston Mercury !\ WRITING MATERIALS. The most nncient writings of which we lave information were upon hard substanes,?stone, brick, metals, wood. The )ecalogue was engraved on stone. In ireece, Italy, and Egypt, marble, brass, md wood, were used for historical records, nonumental inscriptions, laws and treaies. Hesiod wrote on leaden plates.? rhe ancient Chinese used wooden tables, s did the Greeks before Homer's time.? k fiorivo rile flioir i-.lt.foc nf ivnnrl worf" ' I"?- ? :oated with wax, and written with theutyus. These tables were used by Raman ioy9 at school. According to Plautus, >ne of the boys used one to break the choolmaster's head. They were sometimes fastened together, orming a bonk, or codex, fiom resemdance to the trunk of a tree. Hence the erm code. The edicts of the Roman emperors, selate, and magistrates, were on plates of vory. Leaves of trees or plants were written jpon also, particularly in the East. Hence he origin of the phrase, "the leaves of a jook," "the Sibylline leaves," folios, St-e., from folium. Linen also was used, is is seen in the wrappers of mummies The bark of trees was afterwards used, ind is still common in Asia. The inner rark, or liber, was used; whence the Lain "h'icr," a b-?ok. and the English liliWy." A libary altogether of bark, was ecently discovered in Russia. The Saxjns use the bark of the beech; and from '6oc," the Saxon for beech, came our ,vord book. Next was used the papyrus of Egypt; ivhence our word paper. This is a kind )f rush, growing in marshy places. It ,vas used not only for paper, but for ma-I-.1 i?~ 11 ._ vW{J CJUliif iuj;rs, Iainj;-icna, ami uuaib. VIoses was placed by liis mother in an ark, >r boat, made of it. T-o make paper, the tulcr rind was pealed off, and the inner mats, or layers beneath, were placed srosswise, moistened, pressed, dried, smoothed, and polished. Rice -paper is nade similarly, from the filmy membranes if the brtad fruit tree. Parchment and vellum were afterwards nlroduccd, the former made of sheep I and goat skins, and 4he latter of the skins ; of young calves. There is preserved at t [Upsal, in Sweden, a manuscript copy ol a the Gospels, in the Gothic translation of e Ulphilas, first Bishop of the Goths, on | violel-colorcd vellum, lettered in sHv-er j and gold and bound in massy silver. i Most of the ancient manuscripts extant t are on parchment. L Papei made of cotton was introduced t by the Arabs into Spain. How Jong it S had been used in the East is unknown.? c About the middle of the fourteenth centu- t ry, linen paper was substituted, which al- h so was introduced into Europe from the t Fast, where it had been used for centu- ? ries. Most, of the old Oriental maitu- p scripts are upon such paper. The oldest o English manuscript on linen paper is da n led 1340. 1 The chisel was used to engrave on 1( stone. To write on bark, soft wood, or n waxed tablets, the stylus was used; whence o our word style. This was made of iron, n sharp at one end, to mark with, and flat h at the other, to rub out or erase. They h were employed sometimes as daggers.? n Caesar, when attacked by his murderers, 0 defended himself with one of them. The a boys at school sometimes rose on their F masters with thera. Some persons derive t< the Italion word stiletto from the stylus. 1 Reeds or canes were used to softer sub- n stances, the Egyptian calamus being pre- 1 fcrred. It was pointed out and split like 4 n rton on/I InA iko u/rHinrr en n /rli u nil n n. U u |'wi^ UIIU niu writing i wiigu utiu UII- ii even. Pens made of quills came next, a their use originated in Europe, and first '1 mentioned in the seventh century. Reeds a and canes are still used by 6ome writers 4 in the East, but the goosequiils is the pre- it eminent instrument of modem times. b The ancient inks were superior to the h modern, in heauty and variety of color, s Besides inks of all colors, tlrenncientused a gold and silver inks, in which capitals, titles, and emphatic words were written, in most manuscripts of the middle ages. Most old manuscripts are without points, c or spaces between the words; but there e are many exceptions, and sometimes there n is a period after every word. f Originally, they wrote from right to n left, instead of the present way, whichds s called the Ionic method. Afierwartk, o they wrote backward and forward; bostro. tl phendon, as the ox ploughs. The Chinese c wiite perpendicularly down, in columns s ol singlo words. tl The forms of. letters varied in different p centuries. At first, all the letters were s capitals. Small letters were introduced a in the fourth, but were not in general use ?l. _ 1--1L Tl? .L ueiure uie leiiwi ceuiury. ny ine peculiar form of the letters, ihe age of maim- ti scripts is distinguished with great accura- o cy, from century to century. t The parchment, paper, or other flexible material of ancient writing, was rolled up into a scroll, or volumen; whence the word volume. The sheets, written only h on one siae, were united at the edges, -so t< as to form one long strip, rolled up on a a stick, like a map. Of every work, only w one book was included in each volume; s; and, in general, one of our modern vo- b himes would include many ancient ones. Hence the great number of" volumes in the a: ancient libarics. p The present form of books is also very y ancient. It is tracked back to Pergamus, C who first used parchment extensively, and was generally adopted after the time of g Augustus, except among the Oiientals.? e Only a small number of extant old manu- s scripts are in rolls, which is called the Egy|Uian mode of binding. o Julius Caisar introduced the .method of d folding letters and dividing them into pa ges, in the style of modern boohs. The Romans preserved their more pre- o cious books in cedar boxes. Hence the h praise, "worthy of the cedar." The oil c of cedar was rubbed over books, to pre- vi serve them. ii Transcribing was the only ancient pro- o cess of multiplying books. t The ancient literature would have been b wholly lost, had it not been for the Chris- tl lian religion, and the institution of the f monasteries. In the dark ages, the b monks were the only transcribers. Few a laymen could write even their own names; C they made their mark, Charlemagne, and several other European rnonarchs of those times, could not write. The mouas- a teries, being respected in war, were also a safe depositoiies for books. Besides cop- c pying, the art of embellishing, or illuini- F nating, was practised by the monks. il The monks, however, destroyed many k valuable writings, by obliterating then), ti and U6ing the same parchment for writing ? or copying works of less or no value.? ft The revival of letters put a stop to this o destructive process. Cicero do Republi- fi ca was thus washed out and written over, e but was restored by a chemical process.? g A commentary of St. Augustin 011 the tl Psalms had been written over the erased v or washed out writing of Ciceio, and the d . - .?!. nit I lm to a a rv? veneration w wwtu =?"? ma mm |nu ? bably contributed to the preservation of tho manuscript. i, To the Editor of the Farmers Gazette, n DearSir;?Having read a piece in the k Gazette headed "Profits of Manure, tin ec c or four weeks ago, shewing the value of ti Manure for making cotton, 1 have con elated to give you uuother instance. But 1 im a very poor-scholar and:jiot accustomtd to write for the Public. If you.ptjbish this, please correct the errors of coirjosition.. The instance (o which I refer s that of a planter in the Pee Dee oouivry, with whose manner of planting 1 first lecanie acquainted in 1834. Ho planted hat year 155 acres, and manured 25 or 0.?He gathered 80,000 pounds of seed otlbn. At the dose-of that year, be deermined to make more manure than he ind hitherto done, and for that purpose ook thiee old negroes of little value far ny thing else. - But his manure being all ... 1 1 i.? ?.1. leas. 'uv VII u? tvui juiiuf iiv uiaj^i in luuuf nly 65,000 pounds of seed cotton., The lumber of acres plautcd was 1471?In 836 he planted 135 acres in cotton, (20 ess than in 1834) manured 80 acres, and lade 82,000 pounds of seed cotton, ??000 lore-then in 18?4. The same year J?o ianured25 acres of corn land." In 1837 e planted in cotton 170 acres, of which e manured onl/*-33 acres, potting his lanure on the corn land. He made 93,00 pounds of seed' cotlor. On thfe S3 cres manured, he made 29,680 pounds, 'inding his manured land planted in cotan do so well in 3837, he determined in SJS to plant no more tnan ne couiu rnaurc. He that year manured and planted 25 acres; from which he gathered 100,52 pounds of seed cotton. In 1839 he e planted 125 acres, manured nearly all, nd made 106,587 pounds of seed-cotton, 'he present year (1840) lie planted 123 cres; manured the whole.?Product 91?91 pounds seed cotton. Notwithsiandig that the past has been a very unfavorole season for cotton, part of a field which ad been planted in cotton three years in uccession, .produced 1090 pounds to the ere. \* An Eye Witness. Dec. 26, 1840. We thank ''An Eye Witness" for hi? ommunication. Cannot others follow the xample? Facts like those stated by him tust exert an influence fur good upon old ashioned fanners and planters, who Canot spare time to make mauuFe. \Why do nr*\ men ennro tiirtP tr\ Iiiip 1 hpir. cntfnil ? ???'? -I - r tnin it? Because, they reply, they hereby make more cotton than they ould by employing the same labor at the ame lime in any other way. Well, If liey can make more cotton by bestowing art of their labor upon making and preading manure than by employing it in ny other way, why not do so? Highly Concentrated Talking.?"IVslaw," said a superlative swell at one^af ur hotels yesterday?"wailaw, bring me he nutritive vegetables." "The wa\ sa," said the waiter. "The nutritive vegetables, fel-low." "Haven't got a single dron of that rand left in the cellar, sa," said the waisr, not wishing to show his ignorance,, nd believing it was some rare wine which as called for?" excellent Larose thongh a, and some very fine hock; bring you a ottle?" lt Waitaw," said the exquisite, in a tone 3 drawling as a Morraan minister would ronounce a benediction in?" waitaw, ou awe an unfinished idea of vulgarity, [ring me the po-ta-taos fcl-low."" " Sa'tinly, sa," said the ^remover of reasy dishes, slurring his tongue dver very word; l< sa'tiiily, sa,?dind't undertand you when you spoke French," Away he flew and in a moment a plate f potatoes was placed before the lacaaisical dandy.?Picayune. We understand that several instances f the fraudulent packing of cotton have itely bceu detected in this town. Good otton is put on the outside Of the bale, rhere it is expected to 'be sampled,.and nferior on the inside. This is a species >f fraud that is always detected and traced o the author; for merchants mark their ales and keeD such a record as enables hem to tell at the end of a dozen years rom whom they purchased any particular ale. Honesty is, therefore, here, as in 11 other cases the best policy.?Cheraiu razette. Dreadful Disease.?We understand that most fatal disease has made its appearnce, within a few days past, in our sister ounty, Henry, about 10 miles west of 'aris. It is said to be contagious, but iu ts symptoms unlik-e any other disease nou n to the human family; and in its faality far more dreadful than the Cholera, icvcral deaths hare occurred in a few imilics. On Saturday night four deaths ccurrcd in one family; Its victims live rom one to four hours, after being ottackd. The citizens of Paris we learn, arc reatly alarmed. Manv talk of leaving he town. We have heard no name bv .*? i r.."i rllicll 10 call tins mysterious mm a \? i in iseaso.?Huntingdon (Tenn ) Adv. 9tk Itimo. A Poser.?uI,df" "Well my dear, what s it?" "Didn't yon tell me this world ,-as round?" "Yes" "Then I'd like to now hew it can come to an end?" "My liild, how or'.en most 1 toll you not to a'k wlicn you ajc eating?"