Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, January 31, 1843, Image 2
11 .>o.vn ; anil i
' t
expensive rnannre, loo i.r.t-.::; eltomion
cannot he given itApplying
time to green crops is attendrd
with more difficulty. From observa- ,
lion and practice, Mr. Ronnie rceom-1
mends that, for a crop of turnips, liinc
s.iould be laid on so early in the spring us
in admit of two, if not three ploughing,
ami as many harrowings, after it is laid
on, so as both to mix it properly with the
soil, and also to let it have time to cool in
flic land, otherwise it will be very apt to 1
cause the loss of the turnip crop.
Mr. Park of Windy.Mains is accustomed
to lay lime on the land intended
for turnips, immediately after harvest,:
when the land has got the first furrow.
He first makes a pair of harrows go backward
and forward on each ridge to smooth
- - ? --- -I _ -i-_.il- 1
it, men lays uuwu me sneus m uui??*uuui
60 or 80 bolls per acre Scotch ; as soon
as it is powdered, bespreads the hots, and
harrows the field, and lets it remain till
May, when it may be prepared for rcceiv.
ing the dung.
Mr. Brodie of Gurvald, who has long
paid peculiar and successful atten'.ion to j
the management of lime, adopts the following
plan in applying lime to his turnip
land. After the ground intended for turnips
has got a winter and spring furrow,
the lime is laid on, and well harrowed in :
it then gets another furrow before making
up the drills, and is again well harrowed,
for the double purpose of getting
the l:mc intimately mixed with the soil,
and taking out any quickens, or other
weeds, by which the field is infested.?
The turnips are sown in drills, both as ;
being better tor the turnip crop than when
sown broadcast, and the lands are got better
cleaned, either from annual or perennial
weeds. It is reckoned an advantage,
to have the lime got forward during :
tiie summer, previous to its being laid on j
for turnips ; for on a turnip farm, there is i
so much spring labor, that it is hardly pos- I
sihle to drive any considerable quantity !
of lime, from any distance, at that season
of the year. When it is new from the. !
kiln, it is so hot that it is apt to dry up
the moisture necessary for bringing the
turnips into leaf; in this case, the lime
ought to be laid on a piece of very dry
ground, in largo heaps, and thown up to a
considerable thickness, which will moke
it in a fine state for laying on in the
spring, that is, neither in a wet, or in a
very hot state.
In regard to green crop*?, Mr. Patersoi.
of (.'astlc-Huntly thinks it better to lav i
on the lime after the green crop, rather
than before it, so as it may be well mixed
with the soil, before it comes in contact ;
with potatoes or other roots, it being apt j
to burn and blister their skins, and to '
i
spoil their appearance, if it does no more j
mischief. Some farmers, however have !
put lime upon the ground after it is plant- i
?d with potatoes, and harrowed it in. But '
(his practice Cannot be recommended.
The application of lime to grass, particular}j?
on light dry soils, and where the i:
has been long pastured, is a most j
advantageous system, if it is soon after to
? I
bo brought into culture ; otherwise, being ;1
exposed to the atmosphere, with but little i<
admixture v. iilt the sob, it cakes and bar- 11
dons, anil in some measure ro assumes 11
that unproductive quality, which it ;>os. |
Kcsseil, previously to its being reduced to J
a caustic state. It maybe applied after <
ihe land has been a summer in pasture, j I
or cut for bay ; but the ground should be ' I
made as bare as possible, otherwise it will <
he difficult to spread it equally over the '
sward or surface. The lime should he I
laid on in autumn, and the land should (
remain in grass for another season, till it j'
is absorbed. If intended to be applied to ' I
old ley, either lay the lime on one year
before cropping, letting it lie upon the I
surface, or lay it on about Martinmas, and
iet it lie on the surface till February, then ! <
if rtnwn nnd sow the around when
I"uu6" " - -- - ?- n
the weather is suitable. Suffering the I
# D
ground to remain for some years in grass, I
is certainly the best preparation for lime, 1
a3 it has then fresh mould, and vegetable i
matter, to act upon.
Mr. Cuthbertson recommends, that no
lime should he laid on high ridges that
are intended to be flattened; the ridge i
should be brought to the same round in :
which it is intended to remain, before thut
operation is accomplished, because, in per. '
forming it, there is a great risk of burying
the lime. Mr. Barclay remarks, that '<
vvlicn the application is made, the land
should not be too wet ; and it is necessary,
at all times, to have the lime brought
tosuch order, as neither to flv olf with the
wind, nor go into clods in the spreading.
Mr. Brodie of (Jarvald observes, that
some speculative agriculturists rccoin-1
mend liming upon the surface, to extirpate
I lie heath, and improve the pasturage, 1
u ithout attempting to bring ground under i
the plough.as (he soil and climate may he :
unfit for the raising of grain. If the lime
is at any considerable distance, there is j
reason to suspect that this would not turn
out a profitable concern. At the distance
of eight or ten miles, a good liming would
not cost less than jCIO or Jt'TJ the Scotch
acre, it cannot he expected that this I
improvement, on such hills as those of
^amiuermuir, would even pay the interest
*?f the money. Gentlemen proprietors
may improve at this rate, but a tenant;'
would he extremely imprudent, were he r
to throw away his capital, without a pros- j
pcct of being repaid. It is surely better to : 1
lime land worth the improving, to bring
it under the plough* and then to take a j1
few corn crops u> refund the expense.? '
'The tenant is thus reimbursed, and has an ?
ameliorated pasture, as the reward ot his
industry and superior management. ji
Though liming the surface, "to extir- j!
pate heath, and improve pasturage," may
> not bo a profitable concern on old swards, j
it proper to observe4hut when land is 11
a broken up, merely for the sake of impro, !1
. :ng the pasturage, tne beat, and :oost
-couojuical mode is, to apply hmc to Ik
B
iit " ni " ith ii i> immiiiin imiiu.unr--""
surface, and harrow it along with the grass
seeds. A great extent of hilly pasture
has thus been improved by Dr. Dawson,
nnd others, in Roxburgshire.i
6. Air. Kerr, the intelligent reporter of
the husbandry of Berwickshire, has transmitted
to rnu the following calculation of
the expense ofliining. The liino he used
was brought by sea to Eyemouth; and
the price, besides carriage, amounted to
25.7 per boll, in shell, each boll containing
four Winchester bushels; hence to lime
an acre of land with 35 bolls, will cost about
?3, 15s, besides carriage and spreading,
which, tho distance being short, may
amount to 10s. more, or .?3,5s. per acre;
bushels ol raw unicsione, comuui ua muui ; j
calcaacous earth, as six bushels of po\v- j
dered lime; and consequently if powder- j
ed lime possess noisome virtue above raw j
lime, Ihrce bushels?f the latter, beat small, i (
should equal, as a manure, six bushels of <
the former. These suggestions, however, i
O cj * * i
have not been acted upon, probably owing 1
to the difficulty and expense of beating i
the Inne sufficiently small. At the same i
time the advantage derived from the use (<
of limestone gravel, in Ireland is, howev- ! \
er, highly favorable to Lo:d Karnes doc- ji
rine.? ; i
8. It is an ascertained fact, that lime JI
is of no advantage in the neighborhood of i
O O
Edinburgh, where the land has been long j i
accustomed to oration and city manure. I
Mr. Allen of Craigrook, near Edinburgh, > <
has given lime the fairest trial, by liming j
one ridge, the whole hold over, at the rate !
of GO bolls per acre, and leaving the other i
unlimed, and he has uniformly found, that
the liming has had no effect. The reason, i
O '
probably, is this, that the land having been i
so often manured with Edinburgh street- <
dung, which frequently contain a propor- i
tion of shells, the use of stone lune is j
thereby superseded. Indeed, some are of :
opinion, that the land in the immediate <
vicinity of Edinburgh had been abundant- i
ly limed at some former period, which, in i
addition to the calcareous matter mixed
with the street-dung, renders any addi- j
tional liining unavailing. I,
Mr. Hume of Hast Darns finds, thai 11
lime does not answer on his farm near J .
Dunbar, which he attributes to the gieat j j
quantities of sea-ware, mixed w.th shells, L
which h ive been laid on these lands from >,
time immemorial, and their having been j j
formerly under constant crops of corn, and j (
never in grass till lately, and even now '
only one year at a time. It is weilj (
known, he adds, that lime acts best on j .
land that has been much in grass. Any j,
local circumstances of that sort, however, i .
cannot diminish the credit of a manure, of J,
such essential importance to the improve- ,
ment of the country.|| I
I
t For a det tiled account of this excellent mcth- j
od, aspractibcd by Mr. Dawson, see the Fanners' J j
."Magazine for March, 1812.
6 It would be extremely desirable to ascertain '
whether limestone gravel might not be found in : ,
Scotland ; to the discovery of which, I hope the j ,
attention of that public spirited institution, the j (
Highland Society of Scotland, will soon be dircc- I .
ted.
|| It is an interesting object of inquiry, whether
lime is equally efficacious on the sea-shore, as in
the iuland districts ? It is well known that gyp.
sum is not.
POLITICAL. J1
REPUBLICAN OR WHIG DEPARTMENT, i
1
From the New York Commercial Advertiser. i
DISTRESS IX VIRGINIA. |
Bitterly indeed do tlic Virginia papers bewail
the pecuniary distress every where prevailing in |
that State. Even the Richmond Enquirer, the I
sturdy champion of all those measures of the I
Jackson-Van-Buren-administrations which have ]
brought the country into its present plight, is com. <
ptrlled to give utterance to the groans of the pco- i
pie. The following is an example, just come to <
hand: <
"To the Editor of the Richmond Enquirer
" CTmoerland, 29th December, 1312.
" When was it that the General Assembly of Vir- '
ginia ever refused or neglected to grant a relief
law of some description to an oppressed and help- '
less community ? You have penned laws in your (
piper, from lim -to time, since 1792, either for !
stay or rcpl< via.' Why should the Assembly be 1
disj>ulin<f about a junto, when ruin and dcvantu. 1
tion arc pervading our whole country ? A ncjjro 1
in.iti s.'l'i in the county of Amelia, the ?l?iy before '
and ai? this operation was usually repeat- |
ed twice during a lease of nineteen years,
limine, in his situation, may be consider- J
U ctl
as a yearly charge of 10s. per acre.
How astonished would not many farincrs
be in other countries, when they
hear that Scotch farmers subject themselves
to an expense of 10s. per acre per
annum, for lime alone, a sum not much
inferior to the average rent of land in
rnnnv English counties. But the ex ?
O
pen so is well bestowed, were it only for j
the benefit thence to be derived in the
cultivation of green crops of every description.
Eor though such crops can he
raised by large quantities of dung, yet
wiiere calcareous substances are applied,
as Mr. Brodic of Garvald has found by
long experience, a less quantity of animal
manure will answer the purpose. This is J
making tiie farm-yard dung go farther, j
with more powerful and more permanent j
effects; and from weightier crops being !
thus raised, the quantity of manure on a j
farm will be most materially augmented.
7. The use of pounded limestone,
where fuel is scarce or dear, was strongly ;
recommended by Lord Karnes. He ob- |
serves, that three pounds of raw lime is, by !
burning, reduced to two pounds of shell lime ,
though nothing is expelled by the fire but
the air that was in the limestone the cal- j
careous earth remains entire. Two <
pounds of shell, lime, therefore, contains
as much calcareous earth as three pounds i
of rbw limestone. Shell lime of the best i
qualitv, when slacked with water, will j i
measure out tluicc the quantity; but as j J
limestone loses none of its bulk by being j
burnt into shels, it follows, that three : i
1. ' i
sX " ' '
yesterday, aged about lfJ, at tlic price of .$8')?-a
pood carl and young yoke of oxen at the Minn of
.8>7-~and, yesterday, a voung man at the sutn of
S?13G;?and the same man's crop of tobacco, as
it hung, at the pitiful sum of thirty- vc cents per
hundred. The sheriff of that county has upwards
of a hundred negroes encamped under bush huts
waiting the day for sacrifice. Whom should your
Assembly aid, if it be not the weak and hclplew
portion of the constituent body, with crying wives
and children ? The last barrel of corn, bed, and
plough-horsc gone for almost nothing, making the
rich richer, and the poor poorer, when a little time,
under the blessing of Providence, would bring in
another crop.
44 Why not grant some act of relief to the banks ?
?give them a law at their discretion to suspend
?at any rate take them out of the oppressive
hands of the broker. Subscriptions arc going the
rounds at our public meetings, to aid some man
with his helpless family, who has been sold out at
a shameful sacrifice. Tell the reader the writer
was never sued on his own account, and that his
memory carries him back to the happiest results
of valuation laws.?Why should the trustee have
five per cent., when lie has no risk, and but little
trouble ?
441)o, my dear sir, call the young people of the
General assembly to this all important subject.?
Suppose a majority of them were old men, what
do you think would be the consequences ?
A PLANTER."
llelef and stop laws, demanded by the pure
Jacksoniaus of Virginia?the very staunchest of
the Bentonian hard-currency lioys ! Well: It is
just what the Whigs predicted from the outset of
the grand 44 experiments" which have brought the
country to this pass. Hear what Senator Ewing
said, in the Senate, when the Jackson measures
of currency were under discussion.
******
' Hut this is not all. X ou sap the morals ai
the same time you thus rudely shake the proa,
pcrity of a people. Their first resort will be to
legislative aid, and relief laws follow, or, in
other words, laws to prevent the collection of debts,
(for what Legislature can withstand the appeals of
a whole people suffering under a general visitation?)
or, if not that, the creation of a best of banks with
fictitious capital, which may seem for a time to
suspend the blow, but will make it fall the heavier
at last. And then, instead of the safe and sound
currency which we now enjoy, we shall again
have a depreciated and worthless mass of trash,
which wili pass into the hands of the people, and
there sink into uuthiug, leaving them to bear the
loss."
Equally prophetic was the eloquent Clayton, of
Delaware.
" The farmer must again sell his grain to the
country merchant for state bank paper at a dis
count of from ten to twenty or even thirty per
cent, in the nearest commercial oily," &,c. 44 The
loss of confidence among men, the total derangeincut
of that admirable system of exchanges which
is now acknowledged to he belter than in an v other
country on the globe, overtrading and speculation
jn false capital in every part of the couulry, that
rapid fluctuation in tiic standard of value for moicy,
which, like the unseen pestilence, withers all
the efforts of industry while the sufferer is in utter
ignorance of the cause of his destruction ; bankruptcies
and ruin, at the anticipation of which the
licart sickens, must follow in the long train of
evils which arc assuredly before us."
T1 . il V .i* I T .a _ 1? ?
rrom uie ?\iiuunai uucuigrnccr.
the tariff rOLICY in virginia.
Tlic Whigs of Westmoreland county, (Virgidid,)
held a convention recently, at which Lawrence
Washington presided, and a set of uncommonly
sensible resolutions were adopted. We
make from the preamble the following extract, the
sound practical common sense of which is truly
refreshing, considering the quarter from which it
comes and the barren abstractions with which
that part of the country is so blighted. These rational
and reasonable Westmoreland men say :
44 With respect to the tariff, which is the absorbing
topic of the day, we arc decidedly in favor of
such an imposition of duties as shall foster domestic
manufactures to the fullest extent, consistent
with sucli an amount of revenue as the fair and
lioncst demands of the Treasury may require. We
profess, nevertheless, to be thorough believers in
the doctrines of free trade. We arc convinced
that if all the nations of the earth woui J be governed
by them in their commercial relations, they
would confer upon all the greatest possible amount
of attainable prosperity. But we should regard it
us the height of folly to throw open our ports without
restriction to other nations so long as thcir's
arc shut in our faces, and they continue to act
upon a wholly opposite policy. The practical
statesman, under such circumctanccs, must lay
. ? If 1 1 A
his abstract philosophy on me sncn anu worx out
his problems upon the actual theatre of human
alFairs. To buy in the cheapest market is a very
plausible doctrine, but to him who is forced to sell
in the cheapest market, in order to reach it, the
delusion is at once made manifest. The great
problem to solve is, what constitutes, under all
circumstances?of selling as well as buying?in
time to conic as well a? in time present?the most
advangeous market to the consumer?"
DEMOCRATIC DE PART.MENT.
From the Charleston Mercury.
Nkw York, Jan. 17, 1813.
My Dear Sir,?Your able paper is justly regarded
here as tile organ of the People's Candidate?John
U. Calhocx; and its opinions in relation to the manner
in which the next National Convention shall
be formed?the time when it shall be called?and
the p^ace where the delegates shall meet?are
looked for by the young Democracy in this State,
with no little anxiety. .Mr. Calhoun has more
personal popularity in the State of New York,
than any other candidate in the Democratic par.
ty :?of this fact, I am daily becoming more and
more convinced. .Mr. Van Huron has the warm
support of all those who held olllcc under his Administration,
who of course, expect to go back to
afficc again, if Mr. Van Bttrcn is re-elected. The
j 1 (.1 Hunkers, and the old party organization in
this State, also give him their cordial supj>ort.?
This is drawing many of the young democracy
into the Calhoun ranks. I appreciate Mr. Van
Burcn highly?I believe him a most able manager,
md the most shrewd and cunning politician of the
Jay; with the experience he has had, he ought to be
i good Statesman. 1 regret that he is again in
the field, and vcrv anxious for a nomination?but
[ do not think lie has the most remote chance of
ecciving it. Nine-tenths of the Democratic party
arc i:i favor of the on;: term principle. It is a
| source of deep regret to the friends of Mr. Calhoun
I in the Free States?that our brethren in the Slave
' States, have, even in this early stage of the proceedings
forgot a great principle for which they
! arc battling. It has always been granted, that
the object of holding a National Convention, is to
get a fair expression from the people, as to the
man they deem most fit to be the Candidate of
the Democratic party for the Presidency. The
nc.\t Convention will bo composed of 2:23 Delegates,
representing the number of members of the
' - ? 1X1 ,
' House of Keprcscnialivcs, anu oa l'eiegaics, representing
the two Senators from each State. The
majority of the Democracy in the Free States believe
that the honest expression of the popular voice
in relation to this subject, can be best obtained by
' the Democracy meeting in each Congressional
; District in every State?and at such primary
I meeting, electing a delegate to represent that Dis1
trict in the Convention. Again for the two Senatorial
Delegates?let the Democratic portion of
each State Legislature select two proper persons.
' Such a course is Democratic, and consistent with
| Democratic principles and usages. Is it Democratic
for a State Convention or a State LegislaI
* T
, ture to select Delegates ? No, it is not,?the people
can do this business, much better and far more
! satisfactory to themselves when the proper time
J arrives; and I am sorry that in the South, our
i friends should have commenced choosing delegates
by State Legislature. The friends of Air. Calhoun
use logic in the Northern States; and, they are
determined to elect delegates by the District System;
for they believe it right and just to do so?
I let others do as they please ; and ovr Delegates
: will go to the National Convention, and claim
j their seats, in defiance of well-trained Stale ConJ
tent ions?and the people at large will sustain
them, and vote for such Candidate as a Co rite :iI
Hon formed by the District elections shall norm'.
I nate.
Tire Democracy of this City have no nerd of
j political jugglers at Albany to select this free.
! delegate for this County, they icill elect by disI
tricts.
Proscription is the order of the day here?any
Democrat who is in favor of Mr. C ilhoun is
marked for political destruction by the Van Burcn
JjC-adors. There are several Calhoun men who
j arc now at Albany, and applicants for State ofI
fices under Gov. Bouok?Some of these men have
I been, for years, the most active, faithful, and efficient
democrats in the party; not a word can be
said against them save the damning licresy M He
is a friend of John C. Calhoun." This is enough,
it is a death blow to their application. Gav.
Bouck is an old iiuuker, and, since lie received
the congratulatory letter of Mr. Van Burcn, has
been his most willing servant. Not only I hose
who are known to be Calhoun men arc doomed to
be prescribed, but all those who are even suspected
of Calhounism. It is generally reported that Gov.
Bouck has assumed the responsibility of making
the ap{>oiutmcnta for this city, regardless of the
Irishes of the Ncx York Delegation; and wiil be
guided in the matter by a few of Mr. Van Daren's
conhdcntiul friends of this city?men who were
I probably au fait in 1333, but who arc now behind
the age. If this should prove to be true, Gov.
Bouck will regret it before Nov. next.
The election in Dee. for the 1 general Committee
of Tammany Hall for 1313,' called out
almost the entire strength of the democracy at I he
primary meetings. Calhoun men were openly
elected in several wards, and in others there was
no question asked of Candidates, and it is sup.
posed that several Calhoun nun were elected.?
The ticket which it was generally supposed would
be admitted from the 14th ward was called the
Van Burcn ticket of the ward. The Calhoun men
voted them out?and sent both tickets bark to the
ward. A now election was held last week?and
the Calhoun ticket was elected by 250 inaj.?Thus
you see we gain at every new trial. Time and
th/> rnhnr sprnntl fhnwrht is CVCTV thill"- fcr US.
k,*v W1"'v' ? / o
The Calhoun delegate# vote for Hatfield for
Chairman, and some of them tor More,?Purdy is
the candidate of the Van Burcn men.
The general Committee have nothing to do
with making President#?and the question of Calhounism
or Vanburcnism. The Van Burcn men
commenced it. I believe the Calhoun party in
this city?if occasion calls them out openly?outnumber
the Van Buren party, two to one. The
former party is composed of the voting, efficient
and fresh Democrats, the very flower of the Democratic
party in this city, and also in the State.
Yours, truly,
YOUNG DEMOCRACY.
CALIIOUN IN LOUISIANA.
Through the columns of the New Orleans
Herald, we have the proceedings of a meeting
of the friends of Mr. Calhoun held in that city, at
Banks' Arcade, on Monday night last. They
are very ably prepared, and show the ntinost dcj
fercnce to the will of the democratic party, as it
may be expressed in a national convention.
From a letter received at this office from NewOrleans,
we extract the following paragraph :
4 Our cause goes bravely on. The information
from the country is gratifying in the highest degree.
In the western portion of the State the
' people arc beginning to take up the presidential
question in a proper spirit. They have begun to
express their opinions and preferences, with the in
dependence of freemen and democrats. The fact
( is, that the attempt made by some of our Demo
critic brethren to stifle the discussion of the claims
of the candidates for the Presidency, lias aroused
j a spirit of inquiry which will stop short of nothing
I but truth."
I From Washington we have also a letter from
'< which we extract the following paragraph :
44 Our friends here speak very confidently of
Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Michigan.
Depend on it, Mr. Calhoun is the available
candidate. * * Honestly I do not believe,
with all our strength, we can make ."Mr. Van lluI
rcn a tittle stronger than he was in 1310?if as
?
' strong. Democracy has strengthened, but Mr.
| Van Hurcn has not recovered from a single charge
brought against him in 1810."
3 O
CALIIOl'N IN MISSISSIPPI.
Correspondence of the Alabama Tribune.
Columbus, Miss.. Jan. 7, 1813.
Sirs?In pursuance of prc\ious notice given in
I the Columbus Democrat, a meeting of the demo
i crats of this county (Lowndes; assembled ai iuc
j court house at the hour of 10 o'clock.
I The meeting was organized, and Jas. Whitfielt!,
j Esq., a Calhoun man, was called to the chair,
! and on motion, Maj. Nat. L. Mitchell was ap'
pointed secretary.
j Resolutions preparatory to sending delegates to
I Jackson on the 2'Jd February, were offered and
adopted?and then, on motion, Jus. Whitfjcld,
Es j., John T. Conucll, Esq., I)r. A. N. Jones,
Col. R. Gilmer, and W. U. Cannon, Esq.,?all |
Calhoun men, good and true?were presented as
' suitable persons to represent the county in the state
aonvention. The motion was put and agreed to |
?there being but one dissenting voice out of
' about 200 democrats in meeting. The day was
excessively bad?and many of our democratic ;
' friends were thereby prevented from attending '
I The friends of .Mr. Van Huren complain of the 1
day?ttiey had but two voters from the country? i
j wliiic .Mr. Calhoun's friends arc so hot for him, i
that 70 or 80 came from the country, breasting for
' miles the snow storm which prevailed all day. :
! Never did a man have such ardent and devoted
| friends as Mr. Calhoun. Poor fellows!?their
love for the man and his principles is painfully
I rivctted to him. There would be no doubt of his
; nomination in the national convention, if the dc- '
mocracy was in the minority. It would require
hiin, then, to put us in the majority. But with
13J,00'J majority, there will not be so much use
for a man of personal worth. No, 110?I will not
' believe that democrats eun be so ungrateful. I
?
will not believe that a democrat can be governed
by so unpatriotic a notion, as to desire to make
i another President, simply because such other
would punisli the whigs more than would be the
ease if Calhoun were elected. The idea of legislating
for a party, and not for the country, is
founded on the principles of mean selfishness?and
can never find a place in a purely democratic
breast.
I A SUBSCRIBER.
I
CALHOUN' IV ALABAMA.
Great Democratic Meeting.?We publish to|
day from an Alabama paper, the account of a
! large meeting held in the city of Mobile. Our
friends of the meeting speak clearly the principles
and sentiments of the Democracy throughout the 1
j Union. Tiicy also give cogent reasons for prefer*
I ring Mr. Calhoun for the next President. We
<=
i agree most cordially with the Alabama Demo:
crats, in their partiality for the distinguished son
I of Carolina. They, however, express their undii
ininished confidence in Mr. Van Buren?and so do
, we. But for reasons which we have heretofore
i given, and unnecessary now to recapitulate, we j
would most earnestly hope, that the next Prcsi- j
dent might be Mr. Calhoun. Among the names
appended to the proceedings of the Mobile meet- 1
ing, we arc proud to recognize those of John A.
Campbell, (sou of the late Duncan C. Campbell,)
and Daniel Chandler, formerly of Washington, !
i Wilkes county, and both at this time citizens of
! .Mobile, and distinguished as well as eloquent
_ members of the bar.
j While on i....; subject, we would state, for the j
information of our friends out of the State, that ;
during the Session of our last Legislature, a Convention
of the Democracy was held, and delegates ;
I appointed to attend the General Convention ; and
we speak confidently in saying, that the genflcj
men selected to give the vote of Georgia in the
j nomin ition, will but carry out the wishes of their
ptrty in favor of .Mr. Calhoun.?Geo. Pjper.
WlIIJ DOCTRINE KUO.M A DEMOCRATIC SOURCE.
From the Charleston Mercury.
The importance of the one term principle advocated
by Gen. Jackson in his messages?and aj>'
proved by the whole party, becomes daily more
appaicut. lis adoption will secure the representation
of the people, and their will in the filling and
; administration of the Executive ollicc. It will j
| put an end to the management of selfish poliii. I
clans, who would ffetain office by the continuance
of power in the hands of the incumbent under
whom they obtained office?and who to continue
or to restore a President to whose defeat and that
of the parly with him their own incompetency or
imprudence has perhaps contributed?oppose their
selfish machinations to the popular will. If it were
not for inferior men, who calculate on Mr. Van j
Huron's overlooking tticir errors anu iQieruung muir i
imbecility?but who can hope nothing from a
bona fide Rk.foam, the union of tlic party on the
greatest inen of tlic Democrats, ami most avuila.
b!c candidate, would be certain.
COX (i KE8SION AL.
Although the following letter, which is from the
Washington correspondence, of the New York
Commercial Advertiser, refers at the beginning to
proceedings in the House for which we have not
room, it will still lie intelligible to the reader.
SETTI.KMBXT 01' POLITICAL BALAXCKS.
The morning hour heing over, the mo- j
lion of Mr. Proffit to reconsider tiie final \
vote on tin; repeal, came up in order, and
Mr. Gushing took the floor, to wipe off
old scores, accumulated during the debate.
He considered "party" to mean a bodv
; of men seeking power. He regarded the ,
j 44 Democratic" party as a set of men try:
ing to get into power, with a repudiated ;
" sub.treasury" for lis principle,?and ihc
44 Whig" party as a set of men seeking to
i ohlain power, with a repudiated Untied
j States Bank for their principle. These
were tlie chief parties in the land, and ;
these their principles. To these he had j
! addressed himscll iri the speech so much
i criticised in late debates. And here he ,
i went into a warm and earnest vindication j
: of himself in making that speech, as well
l as in the whole of his recent career in
| politics.
He took this occasion to review the |
J whole of the old story about the separation
j between Mr. Tvlcr and the Whigs, which j
I he attributed to the self-created despotism
J of party opinion, with Mr. Clay as its'
1 head and leader. Hut for this, he contended,
the Whig party would now be
stronger than ever it was, even in 1810.
Speaking for the few defenders of the
administration on that lloor, he said that
i each of the great parties here was inter|
ested to break them down. Hut they
feared nothing from tins opposition, i ney
left it to time to vindicate them and their
conduct.
In replying to tlie speeches of Messrs.
i Thompson, Fessendcn, &c., &e.t Mr.
Gushing struck hard blows, saying, now .
and then, with regard to assertions contained
in those speeches, that they were
not true. Whereupon Messrs. ThompI
son and Ftsscndcn ror-) to repel these
averments of untruth, and .Mr. Gushing
peremptorily refused to give them the
tloor for a single word. They would have
full time hereafter, during the session.
In conclusion, he said this administration
stood on its acts and measures, and
upon fhern it came to litis House, and t?j
the country. If condemned by this body,
or bv the present ngc, the administration
would fearlessly appeal for its vindication,
from the heated partisanship of the time
to the cool and impartial judgment of pos*
terity.
Mr. Fessenden of Maine took the floor.
f V ^ I. _ J ...... a ? I ...I .... .w. .. I L. .. .m lllf A A O A ?!*
lie (liKl t:\jit Licii *oiiicioing imc an uigu?
went from the member from Massachusetts,
to do away the effects of what he had
previously said on I he disputed points in
his speech. Instead of this, the House
had been entertained with on hour's special
pleading, which by no means reached
the point. The question was, what was
the scope, the intention, the obviously solo
motive of the speech,the meaningof which
that member was now undertaking to explain
away ?
The common sense of the House was
not to be deceived or misled on this pt int.
That body hud given the speech in question
a construction which cannot be altered.
It was as plain as language could
make it. And here Mr. FesscuUen quoted
from the speech in proof.
Mr. F. adverted to the fact that Mr.
Cushing had directed tiic principal part
of his special plea, just made, aguinst him,
while he passed over Mr. Thompson with
a word, and very nervously Hpproached
Mr. Riyner, of N. C. He had two hypotheses
for tho explanation of this.?
Either Mr. Cushing felt the force of his
sjreech more than that of others?* supposition
which he had not the vanity to
entertain?or else that gentleman, with a
prudence soincwhnt characteristic of him
^Mr. O) on that floor, had deemed him
(Mr. F.) his weakest adversary.
Mr. Fesscnden asked Mr. Cushiug if,
in saying that certain passages of his (Mr.
1.^ .....ww.lv ?w.l I i?ha l?a rviAu nt
i r>y v?t \i iiwi >i mv?j iiv> uivuiii iv
impute intentional untruth to him.
Mr Cashing disclaimed any such in|
lention.
Mr. Fissendcn then vindica ed his for- ^
mer speech against the interpretation put
! upon it l>y Mr. Cushing, and was follow.
' ed by
Mr. Garret Davis, of Kentucky, who
was asked by
Mr Thompson, of Indiana, to y eld the
| do ?r, and allow him to take up the challange
given by Mr. Cashing, tit rofercnce
; to his speech of some weeks ago.
Mr. Davis feared lie would thus loso
: his chance of the lloor; and so he went
I on. He was opposed to the reconsiders,
tion of the \oie to repeal the bankrupt
law. He was in favor of the repeal. So
rrni' h for the exact question before the
House, at present. lie then approached
the quest ion in its political a*pect, and
l paid, in his turn, his compliments to Mr.
Cashing, in connexion with the (utter s
former and later speeches, especially as
they red' ct upon the comae of Mr. Clay
with regard to tho present administration.
in tins connexion Air. Davis took issue
Willi Air. Cashing, on the allegation that
Mr. Clay had starteJ in this .Congress iu
opposition to the administration, and reviewed
the n ensue* brought forward at
the extra session, contending that all of
tiirrn were administration measures, a/id
eminently calculated to sustain the administration.
The President?the gentleman
from Massachusetts?could not have ask.
ed any more of the Whigs (hnu tliey did,
for its support.
Mr. Davis expressed stirpri.se that Mr.
Cushing, in defending himself against tho
remarks of members ori (bat floor, as to
his political course, had suffered parallel
allusions lo that of (ho Secretary of Stale
to pass unnoticed, lie then passed a high
eulogy upon Daniel Webster as he was,
and commented upon his present position
us affording a strong contrast to nil his jfe
anterior political career. Not one feature,
for instance, of the Exchequer plan
now advocated liy him, but was completely
refuted and annihilated in former
speeches of Mr. Wehster, Not an net of
his since he came into power but was an.
lagonistical to nil his former nets and
principles. He hud said tiiat his pot pro.
ject, a United States iisnk, was "an oh.
solctc idea." fie found that he and his
place under government were "obsolete,"
unless the bank were so, and to save the
former repudiated the latter. Mr. Spencer
bad done the Whig party no harm.?
IIiS political profligacy was loo well known
and the change was no surprise to any bo dy.
It was Ci ar icteristic,?a matter of
course. It was far otherwise with Mr.
Wehster, &c.
Mr. D. then adverted, in a high strain
of eloquence, to Henry Clay, his history,
his character, and his career. Concluding
thus, (at a quarter past three o'clock,)
he was followed by his colleague,
Mr. Marshnli, who said he should have
no opportunity to say what he had to offer
on this question until Monday next,
unless he went on now, as to-morrow
and the next day were, hy rule, devoted
10 the consideration of private bills, fie
should therefore proceed now, laio as 11
was.
He then gave his views of the power of
Congress, under the constitution, to pass
uniform bankrupt laws, and (by way of
contrast to the other gentlemen, who have
to day addressed the House), spoke at
some length to the question actually before
the body. He did not believe Congress
had the constitutional power to penw
a voluntary bankrupt law. He was opposed
to the reconsideration.
Mr. M. alluded to passages in this debate,
between hi in and Mr. Wise, relative
to points in the private and public
history of this administration. He thought
he might himself write the history of tho
twenty-seventh Congress,and he would bo
obliged to Mr. W. for some of those facts
and anecdotes which none could give, ho
thought, so well as he could do. And ho
then came to state what, as made out by
Messrs. Wise and Curdling, was to be faken
as the true cause of all flits difficulty
in the Whig partv ; to wit, the personal
and political hostility ol Messrs. Tyler and
w I...... i.. tleftrv C!av. This, he coa
M VUMtl ?? ? ???? */ , - r