University of South Carolina Libraries
3mtm**+* 'ti,'m*9~tt* t j;;. vim mm jaw mmvmm was mm, ~ - * ^ tiurmj-j il'r/f uin- >Al\ VOLUMK \ III. CIIERAW. SOUTII-CAROLINA, TUESDAY, JANUARY 10 1843 Bg5 By M. MACLEAN. T?m*s:? Published weekly at three dollmrem year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may take the papor at fire dollars in adeanoe; and ten at twenty. Pour subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with Ion dollars. In advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. Papers net discontinued to $olvmt subscribers in arrears. drfwrhNmoilf not oiootding tfilines inserted f >r one dollar the first liinc, and fifty conts each subsequent timo. For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75oonts after the first, and a dollar if thfl interval* ere longer. Payment due in tdnncs for edvertineinonl*. When the number of insertion* i* not marked on the copy, the advertisement wiM be insorlod, and charged ti'.l ordered out. 0"Tho postage must ho paid on letter* to the editor on the buaine** of the oilier. From the Western Farmer and Gardener. AN ESSAY ON TIIK IMPORTANCE OF LIME IN SOILS. NO. I. DT PAtllt'S LATHAM, CIVIL KNUINRER. Tlic farm on which my father resides, in Chnmpnign county, in this Slate, lies in one of those lieautiful glades branch, ing off northwardly from the main valley of King 8 Creek, a large tributary of Mad river. Wc came into possession of a part of (he present farm in 183(1. Previous to that timo this part had been ? eropt" for many years with corn, wheat, &<*., without nnv regard lo a rotation of cis^ps, or the addition of manure, until the scid had become almost exhausted, or worn out,try this constant drain upon its resources. Since it has hcun in our pessession it has been divided into rectangular fields, of neatdv otiual area, and the ?4 lour crop" system has been pursued in 4hc cultivation throughout, until each tfichl has had at least one crop of clover ploughed into the soil, and several of them have had tw o crops of clover. Very little stable manure has liecn used ; hut * batcvcr else the farm afforded, such as refuse straw, cornstalks, weeds, <fcc., have keen added fo the soil as manure. Some few cxpiu-irncnts have l?ecn made with gypsum, and also with leached ashes hw to no grent extent?sufficient, howevor, to show the Irencfit which clover derives from the applicat.on of tliese snlist.incca. The experiment was likewise made of the application of gypsum to Indian corn, hy putting a anu?u rjnaniuy in eocn iiiii ac the time of planting, without producing *ny sensible effect on llie corn ;?lial two years afterwards, when the same held hud (wen (aid down in clover, the places where the gypsum had la-en applied to the corn, became very conspicuous by the greater luxuriance and increased height of the clover at those places. Although by this system of management there has In-en an evident improvement in lire fertility of the soil, on tins part of the farm, since we have occupied it, still it cannot lie called fertile, as it will not raise good wheat, and corn crops are below an average both in quantity and quality. Oats and hurley seem to do better than corn or wheat; hut it is necessary that the soil should he rendered still more productive before wo can exp?tci to realize much profit from it. lie. spairing therefore of restoring fertility by the moans heretofore pursued, it lias been an object of constant enquiry and research with me to ascertain the best mode of increasing (lie productiveness and fertility of this part of the farm.? The (irst step in the improvement of any soil, is to obtain an accurate analysis of its component ingredients. Accordingly 1 sent n specimen of thu soil, taken from the middle of a cultivated tiehl, to my friend, Dr. J. L. Kiddcll, whilst he was employed in making a geological survey of tlio northwestern part of the State ; and by a careful analysis ho found that 100 grains contained the following substances: Water, . . - 6 grains. Organic matter, . . 3 " Silicioiis ? . -80 *? Aluminous " - 8 ? Per-oxidc of iron, - 3 *? Tola I, 100 " He likewise observes, tliat lime could not lie delected in tliis soil; and (lie amount of saline matters was inappreciably small, lie further states that the soil seems to tic n sediment from turbid water. It tins usually a dark brown, or reddish brown color, consists of rather fine particles, and exhibits to the naked eye numberless glimmering grains of sand.* Having procuied tho foregoing analysis, the next step in this inquiry was to ascertain which of the component parts of the soil required to lie increased or diminished, or whether any other substances wore required to lie added in order to increase the fertility of the soil. The prosecution of this inquiry led me into the extensive and almost inexhaustible subject of agricultural chemistry ; and the pages of Davy, C'bnptal, |{tiffin, and professors Hitchcock, Dana, Jackson, Lie ' Scii RWldtH'h ('tol^iial R< |>ort to the Cim AiH Ifibly ot (.Jhiv. J big, find several others, linve lieeu consulted during my investigations. All fertile soils throughout the known world, arc composed essentially of the following ingredients :? Water, by absorption. Humus, decomposed animal and vrgctnhle matter. Silicious matter, or sand. Aluminous matter, or clay. Calcareous matter, or lime. Magnesia, manganese, and oxide of iron, are likewise Ircnucntlv found in hoi Is; hut they arc not deemed essential to fertility ; and in certain states of coin, bination with other substances, may l?e either injurious or beneficial to the growth of plants. The greatost degree of fertility which it is possible for any soil to attain, may lie produced by a proper admixture in certain proportions of the five substances above named ; but the proportions of the various ingredients may be itilinitely varied (avoiding extremes in any one substance,) and still the soil may l>c deemed fertile ; but, nevertheless, there is a limit beyond which the fertility of a soil cannot be carried. What the exact proportions are, and what degree of admixture and combination of the particles are requisite, to obtain the greatest productiveness, has never yet been precisely ascertained ; and in order to form some idea of this point, it is useful to have recourse to the annlysis of soils of acknowledged fertility and prductivcncss. Professor Charles T. Jackson, in his report on the Geological survey of Rhode Island, has given the analysis of ninetyfour different cultivated soils, taken from various localities in nearly all parts of the state, and in eighty-nine of them, lime was present as one of the ingredients. . Selecting, promiscuously, the results of ten different soils, from the tables ill the geological report, unci making nn average, we find (hat the proportions of the live J essential ingredients composing the soils, I are, in IUO grains, as follows : Water, .... 2.0 grains. | i Humus, .... 5.0 " ^ilii'iniiK ninllnr f\ 'i u ?v;w '/ " Silicious matter, (insoluble,) 85.0 44 Aluminous mutter and iron, 0.5 44 Calcareous 44 (.salts of lituc,) 1.0 44 Total, 100.0 ? A cultivated alluvial soil, taken lr?m tho banks <d the Mississippi, 100 miles alnive New Orleans, pave the following results by analysis of 100 grains: Water, - - - - 3.9 grs. 11 ii m us, .... 3.0 44 Silicious matter, - - 81.4 44 Aluminous matter and iron, 7.0 44 Calcareous 44 [salts of lime,] 2.9 44 Total, 08.7 44 The analysis of 100 grains of dried soil from the hanks of the Nile in Kgvpt, a soil celebrated from the remotest antiquity for its luxuriant vegetation, nllordcd the following results. Water, . . - 0.00 Humus, ... 0.90 Silicious matter - - 47.39 Aluminous 44 32-10 Calcareous 44 2.02 Iron ... 11.20 Total, ??.6l Tlic follow ing is an analysis of a very ricli soil from ttatuviu. Tlio analysis was made by Mr. Henry Sumner, of Hos- ' ton, under the direction of Prof, .luckson. ?100 grains of this soil yielded, Water of absorption, 7.8 grs. Humus, .... 210 " ' Silicious matter, - . 4:1.0 * ! Aluminous " . - 1-1.8 ? Calcareous " [phos. and erelinte of liine,] - . 2.0 " Peroxide of iron, - - 7.0 ? Magnesia, ... 0.0 ?* Total, 100.7 " The foregoing analysis of some of the most fertile soils of the world, will serve to instruct us as to the nature and amount of different matters that ought to be introduced into a given soil, in order to render it more fertile. It is not expected that this will be done at a single opcr. ation ; but it is important that we should know the proper coirsc of improvements, and then we can gradually cilect them, according to our means.f Ily making a comparison between the results of the foregoing analyses of cut. tivated sods remarkable for their great fertility, and tbn constituent parts of our soil in Champaign county, we at once discover a striking difference in 1 lie total ' absence, of lime, in our soil, as well as a j deficiency in the proportion of humus, or ! organic matter. The sum of the sili- ! emus and aluminous matters in each being very nearly the same. It is, therefore, highly probable that an artificial addition of the requisite proportion of lime and organic matter tu our soil, will icstore its fertility, and render it equal to t J.kIuou b K.port on IvIioJt, Island ? - < the general nverngeof the soils nhove no- | lei ted. But there are other considerations i Oi which ren<ler it atill more probable that in> the deficiency of lime and organic matter is the principal, if not the sole cause OI of the unproductiveness of our soil.? foi These considerations I shall proceed to lyi notice. w< If there is any one principle settled in at Agriculture, it is that some convertible I an salt of lime is essential to the fertility of dis soils, and that certain crops cannot he ac, raised upon a soil destitute of lime.? Oi When we consider the most favored grain fet regions of tho earth, it cannot fail to he wi remarked, that the soils are invariably wit charged with a notable proportion of lime. Ou the other hand, we note that where Lu the soil is deficient in this res|M-ct, such of crops arc invariably meagre, blighted, tin and unprofitable. A soil destitute of htnc, sal may produce straw, but it can never yield rai grain! ha It is an important otieslion. at present ne i ' i much discussed, whether salts of lime arc op essential to the nourishment of certain ca, cereal grains, and whether the amount el: of calcareous matter is diminished in a (lit soil hy raising upon it successive crops, m; It is evident, since all vegetables contain hi; lime in their constitution, that if they cd arc raised on and removed from the soil ?7i after their growth, a certain proporl on of ico the salts of lime must be abstracted. No one, I presume, will in modern times con- Ol tend that plants create any elementary nr. sulistauce. if they contain lime they soi must have drawn it from the soil, or from Tl the manures that have hcen sprout upon of it. 1?< One hundred grains of the ashesof the mi grain of wheat were analyzed hy Sir II. "J Davy, and he obtained 44.5 percent, of the cart hi/ phosphates* chiefly phospltate of j1 lime. The ashes of the straw of wheat !'' contain six per cent, of the phosphite* and ^ one per cent, of the carbonate of line ; In- ^ tlian corn contains the phosphate tf lime., ple its ashes yielding no less than thirty-six ap per cent. Clover contains the sulphate of lime ; and nearly all t!\e plants known, pn contain a small projtorlion of calcaicous pit matter.\ ca It is therefore proven lieyond all doiiht, ef) that limk, in some of its various forms, is an essential ingredient in all fertile soils : ^ ?-first, from the fact that it is almost uni. "c versally present in the most productive soils throughout the world ;?second, from ? the fact that all known plants contain more or less calcareous matter ia some (|( form as an essential constituent. It is likewise proven that liine, in some nj of its forms, must he continually alndrac. |"0 ted from the soil, hy the constant growth .stand removal of those plants which con- sc tain in their constitution any no'ahlc lit proportion 01 wiosau.soi nine ; and ncnce | "" i( may l>e inferred, that l?y constant cr??p- <(>l piii}.;, (lie lone contained in the soil will ' in tune liecomo exhausted ; and unless it . ho again added artificially to the soil, it "J. will become incapable of producing those plants which contain any considerable j proportion of lime. This fact is likewise proven hy universal experience, in the n|| cultivation of wheat, Indian corn, clover, (|, and other plants containing in their con- be stilntion, lime in large proportions. foi Until very recently, it had not been so suspected that any soil was wholly ties- an lilutc of calcareous matter; and more es. pli pccially soils resting immediately on c.\ lime stone formations. Indeed, most of the writers on agricultural chemistry, hy .rtl the manner in which they have treated of soils, and their constituent parts, would j Tt induce their readers to infer the general presence, in very large proportions, of a c tins ingredient, in all soils. .Mr. Kduiund >' Kudin, of Virginia, was perhaps (he lirst to discover llie general absence of (his z''1 substance in all soils which are naturally s-% unproductive, lie slates that in 1^17, Cli when first attempting to analy/.e soils, it was with surprise and some degree of (j distrust, that lie found most specimens ties- |M) litiUc of calcareous earth. And after re ,|? pealed trials, made with great care and nu accuracy, he concludes that no naturally no poor soil (below the falls of the rivers in tin Lower Virginia] contains the smallest pro- foi portion of carbonate of lime. After hav- f??i mg made extensive experiments, on both **' rich and pour soils, from various parts of the country, Mr. Rodin arrives at the following conclusions ; V *1 (111 " That all calcareous soils arc naturally fertile and durable in a very high dc- ' irrcii."? V ml. 0 ' ml ? That nil soils, naturally poor, are en- m< lirely destitute of calcareous earth." |U) If, (lien, can scarcely lie denied, [contimil's i\|r. Ku111ii,| (li.it calcareous eurtli must lie (lie cause of fertility of llic one lie class of soils, and the want of it produces pit 1 lie poverty of 'lie other. Qualities (hat |?C always thus accompany each other can- th< not Ikj otherwise than rnii.se and effect $ "" lint however deficient (he soils in some parts of Virginia may lie in calcareous 14,11 matter, many persons will be surprised to . 1 f.nkron's lit port 6 Kuthn'b l^Mtay I irn, that a large projmrfion of the soils of i ito arc likewise destitute of this essential xrcdient. In the second ( cologicul Report of tio, Dr. Locke flutes that the noil rined hy the disintegration of the undering limestone formations, in the south:stern parts of the state,does not contain the surface so much lime as wc should ticipate ; and rarely, ifcrrr, where unsturbed, dors it effervesce or foam teith ids. On the tops of the lulls around ncinnatti, the loam lies seven to nine st deep, before any stones arc mingled lli it, and this loam is not effervescent 'h acids. ?1M_ ? s I ? ' i hi; vcgciaoie actus, ^unserves itr. | icke,) wliicli exist in the natural juices | plants, Ihjcoiiic saturated witli lime as ny pass through it, and form soluble its, wliicli are washed away by the ins. These causes, operating lV?r ages, vc evidently bleached the surface, escially on the table lands, till, in my in ion, there is an absolute leant of catreous matter. If this is the fact, the iy-mnrl, found every where between u layers of rocks, would be a beneficial inure ; and burnt slaked lime would still more useful, and would undouhtly renovate the wheat and grass lands, tich on the table lands, arc to some extent rn out. In a pri vices Geological Report of lie, |)r. Riddtdl says, the bottom lands ar the mouth of the Big Miami, are in me places destitute of carbonate of lime. in diluvial soils of the extensive plains Champaign and Logan counties, as I irned from frequently repented exponents, are. usually destitute of carbonate, lime.. I hnveoltcn noticed, by repentobservation, while travelling north in iiio, that the inner tracts of all large lins, whether the margins arc hounded ' hills of limestone or not, present a soil which earbnontc of lime, cannot be. dc'led. Between Clarksvillo and Spring:ld, the soil does not often contain any prec table amount of carbonate of lime. ear Upper Sandusky I tried with acids, rtions of the upland soil from several ices, but no carbonate, of lime, teas indited. Neither would the black mould ervesce, when submitted to the same perimciit. The soil about Monroe, in uron county, does not effervesce icith ills ; and would prohahlv admit of imovcnicnt hv the application of calcarcis manure.|| Farmers of the West ! We beg of you reflect upon these facts. Is it true, a I i'our r<irnia Oitnlain Vaiffl** "a calcareous earl It ? A lip's worth of trie acid, poured upon the soil, will innil you. Is it also true, that the preace of lime in some of its forms, is csnlial to the proper growth nnd pcrfeciii of nearly every vegetable known, and ore especially of those that arc cultivnil and used as food for man nnd animals? you should not be convinced of this r.t, from the brief considerations above ven, read the invaluable works of Davy, uaptal, and many others, on ngriculturchemistry. And should you succeed convincing yourselves of these importit truths as I have done, you will nalurly inquire, What is to he done to remedy is defect in our soils? In the next nurnr, I propose to aid you in your researches r the proper remedy, as well as to otTcr me further and more important facts d reasons upon the necessily of the opca'ion of calcareous earth to poor and hnuslcd soils. J To hr cniiliiiurd.) IK rilOPUK CULTIVATION OF, AND ANNUAL CHOI'S FOR I'KACIf ORCHARDS, i I he Eilitor of t In Turnin g' Register. During the last twenty some odd years, roiniiiuiiication has been almost annualgoing the founds of agricultural papers [} production of a worthy man und a tilmis, enterprising agriculturist of PennIvania, a Mr. Colter, on the subject of Itivating tho pencil tree. Many years ago I determined on (he llivalioii of that fruit, with a view to itillation and the fabrication of brandy ; t, before iny orchard had become proctive, as the result of observation and ich serious reduction,! determined that, \t to original sin, ardent spirits was i greatest curse on earth ; and, thereo, determined to tind some other outlet ' my little portion of industry and cii. prise, less objectionable. Passing rough Virginia and North Carolina out the same time, 1 found to my agreeIc surprise that, as an article in tlie proction of animal lathi, the pencil, if judijtisly selected, and managed, was not celled, when every thing was taken to view, 1 found, however, that the it hod suggested by Mr. Colter was op I * - ' ' * -icti 10 it judicious ami ccouomicul mancnieul of hnlli fruit and soil. About llio last of July, 1 found my lit. I orchard cultivated oil tins gentleman'* in perfectly prostrated?the trees lap. d?it was painful to go through it?and s load of fruit l)irig on the ground, part long the grass and weeds. For, to givo a soil that degree of cultivation neccs. ry to keep it clean, was impossible. 1 became still further satisfied, from l*ts before mo, that the gioiind amongst lit trees can lot be kept too loose, 01 too li iiiiJcll'u Iwpoit | v. ? ?* ir > * ' " clear or grass and weed*. 1 determined, | therefore, that some ameliorating crop must ho found and annually cultivated among my fruit trees to immrc good fruit, and abundant crops, as also lasting trees. In selecting this crop to carry out my plan, which was to raise the peach for the production of pork, I found thnt some of the pea tribe, after the trees arrive at the bearing state, and tbc polnto, previously, woro the only plants unobjectionable ; and I found in this acctinn of the Union varieties of both, fully answering my views, corning to full maturity, as the peaches began to ripen in Juno. I found a pea that produced udinirahly, and even under the trees, running up their bodies, spreading through the limbs and benring well? Slid uniniiircd l?v lliewinter rain*. Aml Up". j - - ? j ? ?i"v'" a I will add, as the result of no slight expo- | riencc, th;it, notwithstanding the peach , tree is so highly benefitted by stirring the | earth around its roots, to produce the best , effect it must be done only in the fall, , winter, and in the spring after the bios- , som is off. And, to settle this part of the , subject, as far as regards my practice. 1 . will state, that as soon as the vines of the pnlnto or pea cultivated in tha orchard, are sufficiently rotten to turn under with the bar-share, the first ploughing takes place, the next previous to planting, und , the last on the cultivation of the crop.? I am fully satisfied that the roots of the tree require to be kept cool and at rest (when the tree is in the hearing state) the { balance of the summer, for which the on. ly two crops I can admit are admirably calculated. The little bunch potato comes to maturity with us in June, and produce* , admirably. The vine hardly runs, but covers tho earth with a mass of leaf and short vine. Not wishing to take up too much of your valuable columns, I will continue the subject in other numbers. Cultivator. Alabama, 1 tit Sept. 1810. DRV MKASVRK8 OF CAFACITY. To the KJitor of the Farmer?' Ilrgistcr. Very few things are more useful in house-keeping than such articles. Yot, I believe, it 'may truly be said, that very few if any families arc provided with more than one or two of them ; say, n half-bushel, which rarely agrees with the standard, and something called n qunrt-can, together, perhaps, with ono which is supposed to contain n pint. Theso last, however, are alwnysof the wine measure size. Consequently, every one who receives any article measured by them?meal or Hour, for instance?loses very nearly ten cubic incites in every qunrt which he purchases, there being that difference between the wet and the dry measure quart. But this is not the worst of it ; for I believe that almost all, probably all the mcQsuroa we m<tko for ourselves, (if indeed we make any,) of a smaller size than the half-bushel, such as the peck and half-pock measures used in our mills, are graduated from the tin quart-cans which we purchase from the tin-shops, and never think of examining so as to ascertain what they contain. I know not what is the cause of this carelessness and neglect, unless it be thnt most house-keepers are either too lazy, or too ignorant of common nrithmctic to direct the making of their own measures, especially in a round form, and so leave themselves entirely without any. Hut he this as it m*y, I have thought that I might perhnps render an acceptable service to some of our agricultural brethren, , as well as to others, by furnishing them with the dimensions of boxes nearly square, which would contain the following quantities : a bushel, half-bushel, peck, half-peck or gallon, half-gallon, and quart J harri'l (of ft lm<ihnU^ nnd hnlf.hurrol All tlicso can easily be made by any j common carpenter, who can use the or- j dinary tools of his vocation, and can pro* , cure n siuall quantity of very well season- J cd (dank of some wood which is least linhlo to shrink or to swell. You, my good sir, and many others j know, that no measure of capacity can j be made with nhsolute accuracy, for rea- ! sons with which it is needless here to trouble your readers in general, and I shall therefore omit them. Hut the fr.ictions in the measures here given, nre quite near enough for all couin on purposes, as < all of them come within n very fuw parts of a cubic inch of containing the exact quantities which each is designed to contain. None arc in use of greater accuracy. Dimensions. A box 10 in. by 10.8-tentlis and 8 in. deep will contain a standard bushel, or 2150 cub. inches '1 tenths.* A box 12 in. by 11 2-trnths and 8 in. deep will contain a half-bushel, or 1075 cub. inch Z tenths. A box 8 in. by 8.4 tenths and 8 in. deep will contain one peek, or 537.6 cub. in. A box 8 in. by 8 and 4.Z tenths deep will contain half a peck, or 268 cub. in. 8 tenths. A box 5 in. by 5.6 tenths and 4 in. deep will contain half a gallon, or 131 cub. ' in. 4 tenths. A box 4 in. by 4 and 1 2-tenths in. deep 1 will contain one quail, or 67 cub. in. 2.tcntliA. A box 24 in. by 16 and 28 in. deep will contain a barrel, or 10752 cub. in. A box 21 in. by 17 and 11 deep will con* TIkao calculation* nn. lor u bui hi 1 of .11 qu irlii. ' '1'ln. b. Cur. iV. M. Cat. budul i. nearly ! ' quaile lain half a barrel, or MTV ftth. ML ***?*. If those who may wish to om iM if*** going measures, which wt not to toflmmdl in any hook that I have ovOr eaaay Wff poly copy them in thoir pocket fmnhn iheir memories be too abort WiOtalmWliA lirectiona for making think- iithjjfthh trouble of referring to jmrEagUtf.'' t rcnturo to give this adimnifth tftwSAHUt I know, by long experience, that many df ? ??ill nlliM ?? WAi? **' '* *? ??* wviuvwi uNvnwvmi ivn may want, than walk a' fit# ilaaa 10 er a book in which we are ohhhf ft MM ?c found. Such la the via ina<ia He tighly culpable mental torpor of theaaantfe imong ua, who will make a> offset t>tar? cct this aha me fill Unit, nlthnu* d*?y wnaibleof iht existence,and very frsquswf y suffering, not only incooremeeee, Mt :on?idcrable injury from Ha inftniw. But I must forbear to aaoraltse MUrHi inch a subject, teat eeaae of yens arHaaai reader a may accnse me of ** travelling out )f the record" farther than need be. 1 will therefore conclude with rwnealip lurances that I shall ever remain years. Very sincerely. Jambs M. Garsbtt. nepoht ox thh riNARCM. letter from the Secretory of the Biamyntlr etate of ike Furnace*. Treasury DsruTaorr, Dae. 15, 1818. Sir : In obedience to the direction of the act of Congress of the 10th May, MNt entitled "An act supplementary to ther net entitled 4 An act to establish the Treasury Department,'" nnd nn aet entitled 14 An act to establish the fiscal year," die. approved the 26th August, IMS, the S#w cretary of tho Treasury respectfully eub mita the following report: /.?Of the public revenue and expendiUoooi The balance in the Tresaury on the 1st Jun'y, 1842, (exclusive of the amount deposited with the states, trust funds, and indemnitieo.) weed83M8?t?t The receipts into the Treasury during the first three quarters of tho present year amount to 138,61(^11178 Viz:? From customs #14,260J890 35< From lands 1,091,630 95* From miscellaneous 6c incid'l sources 112,967 17 From Tr'y notes per act Feb. 15,1481 1,060,206 05 From do. do, per act Jan. 31,1842 7,794821 59 From loan of 1841 and 1842 2,296,199 61 The receipts of the fourth quarter. it is estimated, will amount to *7,886,000 90 Viz:? From custom* 4,000,000 00* From lands 366,000 00 From miscellaneous &. incid'l source* 30,000 09 From TrtM'y note* 2,500,000 00 From loan 1,000,000 00 Making the total estimated receipt* for the year $34^02,593 78 And with the balance in the Treasury on the first of January last, an aggregate of #34,733,077 46 The expenditure for the first three quarter* of the present year have amounted to *26^64^82 20 Vix Civil list, foreign in. tercourse, 6c miscellaneous $4,371,933 93 Army-fortifications, pensions, fulfil, merit of Indian treaties, suppress, ing Indian hostilities, 6cc. 7,065,036 95 Naval service 6,717,064 17 Treasury notes re. deemed,including interest 7,856,400 35 Public debt, including interest on loss 354,437 80 The expenditures foe the f^nsrth quarter, are estimated' from data furnished by the respective departments 8,238,278 15 Viz Civil, foreign intercourse, and mis cellaneous,[including the amounts <luc to states for distribution of the atlce of public lands, At amount* duo to Mississippi At Alabama, un. dcr net of Sept. 4, 1811,J 2,144,013 97 Army,fortifications, pensions,fufilmrot of Indian treaties, suppressing Indian hostilities, Ate. 3,710,436 4.6 Naval service 1,828,385, IS Interest on loan 152.442,58 Unclaimed dividends 3,000 00 Pnncipal and interest on Treasury notes 400,000 00 To which add outstanding warrants isbued prior to Jan. 1, 1812, 805,474 03 Making $35,308,634 38 Leaving a deficiency in the Treasury on 31st Dec., 1812, of $575,556 92 t