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which should infl icnca you in deciding to cn- j forco the requisitions of the act. The ordinary . privilege enjoyed by every other State debtor, of deriviug those advantages which credit salo? eo ofton procure, it seems to mc should also L? aocorded in this instance; from a just regard to the interest of the Stato itself, to the piosperity of the city, and to thoso motives of benevolence, tvhich originated the humane interposition of the legislature. Tho refusal of this State to participate in the distribution of the proceeds of thy public lands has not been without that influence on the councils of the nation, and tha * public sentiment'* of her confederates, which 60 high an example of disinterested patriotism and unpurchasable adherence to constitutional principles, can never r fail lo exercise. The response ot so many 01 upmost important and influential members of the Union?the increasing hostility and sndivided -opposition of the whole Republican party?the awakened scruples of tho Federal Executive? tho seeming abandonment of tho ineasuro by Congress?all conspire to confirm our confidence in the wisdom, the rectitude and the virtue of the courso which this State has so prudently pursued. Rebuked and defeated for a time as this measure has been by the indignant rejec- j tion of so many States, it is nevertheless to be , ' t linen insidious modjS of fedcr. [ r'garaeu a? vuw ?? ? al policy, seeking every form and opportunity of recurrence, against the dangers and temptations of which, a vigilant people should never he disarmed of their jealousy, or unheedful of the warnings. The opm and daring proposition, to impose taxes for distribution, and to institute a scheme of fraud on tl.o Constitution, of plunder and spoliation 011 the treasury, may have shocked a sense of public virtue in the people note, whilst in the freshness of a first and unsophisticated conception of the enormity and depravity of sijcli a measure. Cut, in tho various and indditus forms of pre-emption laws?of a fund pledged for the payment of State debts?of tho necessity of assuming their obligations, to maintain the faith, the integrity, and tho sovereignty of the States?or as the basis of a great molded corporation?it is doubtless yet to be met and combated. Tho labors, the arguments, and the investigations* of a long and painful resistance to this prolific parent of so tmny federal evils, are still perhaps before us. On no suhj >ct, can the great parties of the Union be more d stinclly and radi j rally divided?none which presents so many il lurcments to cupidity, so mmy tcmp'ations to, -- 1 ... ?lfl unliitiiin I araricc, an i su hmuj muuxviuv,,.. ? n>ne, fraught with so many evils, or so wol calculate 1 to corrupt the morals of ihc poo; Ic, to s.-duco the fidelity of tire representative, or to purchase the independence of the 5>ia?c>. 0 r perception of the toils and difficulties ofihe con t' sl, will, I trus', operate as an incentive, to nerve our firmness, and strengthen our resolution to meet and maintain it. A stern a id inflexible adherence to the determination of your predecessors, to refuse all participation in the illicit spoils and ignoble advantages of such a conquest over the constitution, is the least to l>o anticipated from the wisdom an I patriotism of their enlightened successors. Same further provision a your part, is j?erhaps necessary, to prevent the distributive sharo of this Slate from being appropriated, in any event, to the benefit of the assenting State. It is with the most deeply impressed sense of its importance, and of the solemnity of the consequences involved, to the honor as well as the interest of the State, that I now invoke your attcnlion to the system of protective policy, renewed by the late Act of Congress, imposing duties on im- J ports ; and transcending in its burdens, its boun. ti-s, and its restrictions, all former experience of unjust, oppressive, and unconstitutional taxation. 0 I need not refer to the history of the past?to our wrongs and forbearance?to our blighted weal and oppressed industry?to our arguments, our ro i .1.- i f monstrance, anu mu long nam vi mjuu^, ><auv.ings.m 1 endurance,until the goaded sj?irit of South Carolina rose up in the full strength and ardor of its patriotic and impatient zeal, to appeal from the injustice of her infatuated oppressors, to the ultimate tribunals of the Constitution itself. It was then, for the first time, that the voice of complaint was heard, or heeded ; it was then, that that justice which had been refused to our remonstrance, was conceded to our demands: it was in this painful pause in the controversy, that the faith of the nation was solemnly pledged to a compromise, which should not transcend the legitimate objects of rcvcnuo; and which, while it professed to abandon the principle of protection, retained all that was necessary to supply the fiscal exigencies of govcrnmcnt. How the conditions of this solemn treatv?ratified in the face of the nation, approved and commended by our sister States?have been prcscrv- : ed and respected on our part, I appeal to facts, and ^ the history of federal legislation for the list nine j years, to testify and illustrate. Patiently have i we waited the fulfilment of the term of years pre. j scribed by that act for its limitation, under a sys.j tern of duties, although modified in the extent of! its burdens, yet still oppressive and unjust. Amir! ?l! thr mnlfin'.iedormortunitics afforded bv party rancor, and political intrigue?when the weakness of an administration sought support on the most Southern terms?when ambitious aspirants courted alliances and proffered concessions? when the democratic principles of the late administration were ready to accord us all its aid and function, in establishing a system of moderate duties and economical expenditure?amid all these op. portunitics of perpetrating a successful infidelity, tho faith and integrity of the South have been inviolably preserved in a consistent and unwavering j adherence to the terms and spirit of the cornpro- 1 misc. And when, on more occasions than one, j : the opportunity seemed to invite her concurrence,!' in anticipating the limitation of the act, the voice j 1 of our own representatives has been heard rebuking j tho tcmp'cr, and repelling the temptation. And j' .1 :?!i now, Ulv UUAlOUMJf j/wu /u >?<.*> Uiim-U, I for the commencement of the promised era of free j ' trade and reform, our concessions arc met, asdour. 1 confidence betrayed, by the establishment <>f a . 1 system of restrictive duties, more odious, oppress, j( ire, and unjust, th tn any that has ever ret desola- j 1 ted the prospects, or blisthtel the destinies of the,1 South. ( The Tariff of *2*>, while it extended protection, I and eonferrod bounties, at the expense of one sec- ' tion of the Union, for the benefit of another, still *1 preserved mo/e just and w'.oc discrimination3.? opert'.cd mere ec1ua!i'- on the ree-j.-v-. nn l f i coinplishcd at least one of tin legitimate objects of i the Constitution, i) supplying an adequate and t liberal revenue. It derived a plausible pretext i from the requirements of a national debt, and founded some claim to favor in the circumstances < and inducements which had led to the early, and < perhaps premature development of the manufac- t turing enterprise of our country. It operated ? when our currency was comparatively sound, our t credit firm and expanded, our produce high, our i industry rewarded, and our prosperity in the Hood < tide of success; and if it has converted all these 1 evidences of happiness and improvement, into ' 6ccncs of desolation and disorder, the results were ' perhaps then regarded ns the inspiration of an cr- ' ratic prophecy, rather than the sound convictions i of a wise and well formed judgment, But now, ' while the Government owes no debt, which its 1 ordinary resources might not in a few years ex- 1 tinguish?now, while the deep and universal dis- '< tress of the people demands the lightest burdens? ' while labor starves, industry grows poor, our credit i has no confidence, and prosperity no abiding place : among us?note, in the violation of a solemn and 1 well considered compromise?in defiance of all the admonitions of a dearly-bought experience?it is a mockery of the spirit of equity in legislation, 1 of respect for constitutional principles, of all that is sacred in obligations, to institute sucli a system of political fraud, perfidy, and oppression. Under a just and economical administration of tiic Government, were the exigences of the Treasury to require it; in short, whenever revenue is the object, I am sure I do not magnify or exaggerate the spirit of patriotism in this State, when 1 assert tint South Carolina would endure all, and sacrifice all, to meet constitutional demands upon her resources or liberality. But arc bounty and protection, legitimately a part of t!iesc constitutional requirements ? Is it needful to the Treasury, that the agricultural interests sf South Carolina, ahve should pay, as a tribute to twenty factories in Kentucky, a tax in the shape of duties on rope, twine, and bagging, equal to its annual contributions to the cotVcrs of our own State ? Is it necessary to revenue, that coarse woollens and cotton goods of foreign manufacture, should be excluded from our markets, by a duty which prohibits competition ? Is prohibition a reasonable mode of increasing revenue, by . means of imports ? And yet this is the leading characteristic?the groat, the primary, the directing object, of the late enactment of tariff duties. Thus, gentlemen, have our people and our State once more been subjected to a system of rapacious and oppressive legislation; and thus do I now discharge myself of the obligations of this department, by invoking the interposition of your conservative influence, to arrest the calamitous effects of a measure, as unconstitutional as it is unjust; and which cannot fail in its unchecked consequences, to overwhelm lite already overburdened energies, and languishing prosperity of our people. If the restrictions of the Constitution on Federal legislation, arc thus to be violated with recklessness and impunity, the American citizen Ins r.o better | guaranties for freedom, than the serf of a political autocrat. The form and the nnmc of our institutions must be costly indeed to us, if liberty itself, and the pursuit of happiness, are the only price, aud the only sacrifice, at which they arc to be maintained. In the firm patriotism and correct principles of the Democratic Party, we may doubtless anticipate the co-operation of a faithful and efficient ally. Struggling against the corruptions and abuse* of Government, in its long course of error and injustice?the advocates and exponents of a sou td currency, and economical expenditures?sustaining the interests and the institutions of the South, against all the influences of bank dominion, and fanaticism?we may justly calculate on their unwavering zeal, in achieving this work of reformation. And when the next recurrence to the ballotbox shall have purified our counsels?when the popular voice shall have spoken the doom of our miguided rulers?when republican principles, regenerated in the deliberate and dispassionate results of the ensuing elections, shall have dispelled the delusions of the late Presidential canvass? then may we hope that the South will again rccovcr her rights, and the Constitution regain ils vigor and ascendancy. It is indeed deeply regretted, that the assent erf a single member of the Democratic Party should have been accorded (even reluctantly though it may have been) to a measure which they have denounced with so much ardor and ability; which they had discussed on principles admittingof no compromise, and which no considerations of expediency ought, or cpuld overrule. What if the dem mds of the Government icere emergent: What if the Treasury was bankrupt, and our rulers clamorous and dissatisfied : Would any of these causcsexcusc or justify a premeditated violation of the Constitution, or a wanton imposition of unjust, oppressive, and exorbitant taxes ? It would have been belter that the sources of our revenue had b?n dried up, our pub. lie improvements neglected, our fortresses dismantled, our army disbanded, our navy rotting in the docks, our officers clamorous for sal tries, and even ii embers of Congress unpaid, than that such a tiroifli clinnld Imvr been made in tie Constitution. Time, an 1 returning prosperity, at some moro propitious pcrioJ, nii^Jit have corrected, in their silent and ordinary operations, ail this disorder and derangement in our statistical economy ; but a violation of equitable principles, neither ages nor prosperity can repair; and wrong and violence done to the Constitution, shake with tho force of 1 revolution, every pillar in the political fabric, and desecrate tho very aunctuaries of the Temple of Liberty. Cherishing hope, however, in the justice and < wisdom of the American People?confiding in the i patriotism and purity of the democratic party of the Union, and awaiting, forareasonable time, the slow ' and tardy progress of legislative reform?let us 1 still remember, that the means of safety and redress i reside in the sovereign resources of the State itself ' ?in tho spirit and patriotism of our oven people? ? in the firmness and wisdom of our own counsels. Neither our appeals to the justice end patriotism 1 af the nation, our invocations to our all.es, nor an I anticipated sympathy and co operation of our j 1 r^outlicrn sister .states, should be permitted tor a 1 moment to weaken our efforts or our resolution, to * meet all the consequences nnJ all the emergencies r >f the contest. It is due to the consistency of ' principles which this State has.so emphatically as- ? atrtcd on similar and perhaps less aggravated or- ( ^asions ; it is due to the allegiance which sh<5 lias 1 rofesscd to the Constitution ; it is befi ting the iigh station of trust and confidence w t eh you < >c:upy, that the voice of our People j mo ' unani. t rtvjt'y spokrn in the Resolutions o the l ist sen. F ?'.vi*h t.1! its taming* and inve< atio ir to o.ir' c i w nij J nfatuatcd oppressors?*hoi!d lw strongly reitcracd and responded to, in the measures and delibcations of tho present Legislature. Having reviewed some of the internal source of >ur strength and prosperity, us well a9 of our disquietude and grievances, with an earnest endeavor .o suggest the means of improvement and relief, it nay not now be improper to direct your attention .0 some of those external causes and relations, havng an influence on our peace and our happiness, ind to the consequences of which wo cannot be wholly indifferent. Our sympathies cannot but 3c deeply interested in the successful and patriotic druggie of a young sister Republic to maintain its rational existence. Recent events would seem to indicate the approximation of a period when it may De necessary for the authority of our Government to be interposed, to protect its own borders and institutions, against the pcrfidiou9 aggressions of an ambitious and unscrupulous despot. Nor is it to be presumed, that either the interest or the moral sense of our citizens would permit them to be silent and disinterested spectators of the wrongs and oppressions of a kindred people, who have won and maintained their right to independence, by the achievements of successful valour,?by the results of a well regulated and organized Government? o o and by our formal recognition of its established sovereignty and institutions. Yet, should this holy aspiration for independence degenerate into ambitious schemes of extended empire and dominion ; then will it become mire consonant to a sense of justice, and the position of neutrality which our government occupies, to repress, rather than to encourage the ardor of our youthful citizens, in embarking in such 6pecuhtivc enterprizes for spoil, for conquest and for plunder. The patriotism which enlists under the standard of a foreign government to despoil another of its rights, its riches, or its territory, is different, far different, from that which attracts the generous and the brave to assist an oppressed people, struggling for independence, and deserving to be free. The immortality of the motive, which would prompt us to engage in a warfare of so predatory ? ( ^ ncnts of the department, allow neither time or opportunity for the performance of such a duty, by he personal exertions of the Executive. And tht: ;cry limited arid inadequate provision made for lie necessary assistance of a permanent Secretary, dike precludes the possibility of expecting it from hat source. And yet the wisdom of our sister states has in this respect amply provided such fa ilities, even where the Executive is entirely rcicved from the laborious duties of the military. In the liberal policy of a border State, the Exrcuiivc Department is supplied with a bureau of hrcc permanent Secretaries, with liberal and com?etcnt salaries, while the greatest advantage that ran be derived from the t-i:iall annual approp-ia. li character, would as often forfeit the respect of a | generous ally, as it would be certain to provoke the just and virtuous indignation of an cxaspcrated foe. Its influence would tend to deprave our national character, based upon the high principles of waging wars only for honor or defence, and to debase the chivalric spirit of our people into an indin itc lust of the sensual fruits of victory. To respect the rights of all, to form entangling alliances with none, is perhaps the wisest precept of the most virtuous and venerated of American sages. And while our principles an 1 our sense of justice most emphatically inculcate the truth of this moral sentiment, a jealous regard for our institutions should induce us most sacredly to conform to its dictates. In the ratification of the late treaty with Gre it Britain, wj have just reason to c jngratuiatc ou*sclvcs on the amicable, and I trust mutually a J. vantagcous adjustment of soma of those long pending difficulties which have so often threatened to disturb our relations with a government, with whose people and free institutions our own are so nearly assimilated, by language, by interest, and by commercial affinities. It is not one of the least of the blessings of an enlightened age, that argument and reason have almost entirely supersoded the direful necessity and calamities of war. In the moral code of nations, as well as of men, wrongs can no longer be perpetrated without findinga corrective or an avenger, in the convictions of an enlightened public sentiment. Justice an 1 1 * *" ftfmnnrof nn/I t!ir> I a J U u t;\v tilt; uuv aun^u< wv?v..w, ...? c ivic wreath of a sagacious and successful negotiator of an honorable peace, in the moral im. proveincnts of onr age, have overshadowed the laurels and the trophies of the conqueror. Armed in a righteous cause, the vigorous and patriotic energies of our Republic fear no adversary, decline no contest, and arc equal to any emergency. But it is tenfold more gratify'ng to receive the acknowledgements of her equitable demands from the concessions cf a generous people, than to coinc out of a bloody contest to obtain them, flushed with the most triumphant victory. While, however, 60 much has been achieved to ) allay the spirit of war end dissatisfaction, arising out of the border aggressions of a few lawless citizens, and the contested jurisdiction of a barren Territory, it is to he regretted that so little has been conceded to the protection and security of Southern proj>erty and institutions, again;, the piratical spoliations and interference of foreign functionaries. In this aspect, and indeed for all practical purposes, it would seem that the guaranties of the Constitution, to protect thoso institutions, have | been utterly annihilated from the unredeemed and enumerated pledges of the Confederacy, " to pro- : vide for the common defence and general welfare." ! In the general terms of the Constitution, establishing this department, its powers aro but vaguely expressed; nor has our subsequent legislation been very definitely illustrative of its particular duties, authority, and res; (visibilities. That some, however, of the prerogatives of the department have become in practice unreasonably disproportioncd to its general powers, will readily be ad- j inittcd, when we reflect t.iat it exercises an almost unlimited power of legislation over our criminal code, by its absolute and unrestricted discretion of administering it. Nor has its influence in this respect been slightly and inconsiderably felt, since the policy of some of our sterner and more important statute?, have varied with the character of every administration, and have often become in their execution, as mutable as the motives and fallibility of the human mind could make them.? Uniformity of decision, so essential to justice, can only prevail in executing as well as in administering the law, when the motives and reasons, upon which they are founded, arc exposed to public investigation. Nor can a high standard of correctness in their application ever be attained, but by imposing the responsible duty of presenting for [lie judgment of the people, the facts, circumstance, ind considerations upon which thoy arc based. T4ie numerous and almost incomoatiblc en?arrc tion of our own, is. tho employment of the tempo, rary ecrviro of un amanuensis, for the few weeks of the session. If the services of such un officer havo ever extended, in our practice, beyond these times and duties, they have constituted perhaps a single exception to the general usage of the department, and (us in the instance of the able and useful assistance of the present incumbent,) have been accorded by generous motives of a personal character, rather than a sense of official obligation.? Tho requirement of such an officer may be better understood, when we reflect, that a more interesting record could scarcely be prcsentod to tho people, than an annual statement of the official awtsof the department?the officers appointed by its authority?tho instances of interference with the administration of the law?and the amount and degree of crime subjected to its discretion, to pardon, or to punish. Such a record, if required to be nude to the legislature, and the means furnished by its liberality, would not only enable the Executive to preserve his own consistency, by affording opportunities of reference to preceding acts, but serre as landmarks for the warning or imitation of his successors, an 1 to apprize the people of the mode in which their laws are administrated; of the amount and degree of crime perpetrated, and of t he policy and efficacy of their criminal juris, nrudencc. in rculatin? the conduct and motives of r * o o men. As it is, there is scarcely a document or a j record, or an archicvc in the department, to shed the light of a precedent, a decision, or even a tradition to enlighten the councils, or direct the policy, of succeeding administrations. In the connexion of this department with the other branches of our State Government, the influence of a wise usage, and emulous ciaxnplcs of courtesy upon the part of each, have done more than the law, and the constitution itself, to establish their distinctive limits and boundaries. As an instance of the uncertain limits of Exc cutivc jurisdiction, I would refer your attention to an Act passed at the last session of the Legisla. tu.c, in which the discretion of this department was wholly superseded by the action of your body, directing that a fine imposed by the sentence of the Court on Julius Purdue, on a conviction of manslaughter, be appropriated to the benefit of the family of the deceased. The remission of fines and penalties would seem to be exclusively vested by the Constitution, in tnc executive, 44 unless otherwise provided for by law." Whether this reservation can be properly construed to apply to eases in which the law and the Court have already pronounced judgment, and to legislate pardons to criminals under sentence and conviction ; or whether it was merely intended in the Con. 1 stitution, to reserve to the L^gblaturc the right, in framing laws to punish anticipated offences, 44 to provide," at the same time, for such disposition of the fines and penalties arising therefrom, as would 1 exclude the exercise of Executive, interposition; whether, in short, it was meant by this exception, that a legislative provision of the penalties of .State i offences, should be antecedent, or subsequent to a i breach of the criminal law, I refer to your wisdom to determine. A profound respect for the proceedings of a co-ordinate branch of our State Government, as well as an entire accordance with the benevolent object they were designed in this instance to accomplish wore of course sufficient to prevent any interference on rny part to defeat the provisions of the act. That neither time or events may ever interrupt the hirmonious co-operation of all the branches of our State Government in promoting the future, as ' effectually as they have done tnc past weal of the State, I would neither presume to anticipate, nor , offer ought but the most devoted and fervent wishes to avert. But it is certainly tho part of p itriotism, as well as of wisdom, to leave r.o political right or prerogative to the operation of time, o; chance, or accident to determine; nothing for tho accumulations of precedents to increase, or tho examples of past encroachments to diminish; nothing for the sanctioned errors of fallible minds to pervert, or the venerated weakness of the human heart to impair. That the general powers of the department arc of less importance and efficiency in the administration of our Slate government than were originally intended by the framers of the Constitution, end have gradually diminished under the influences of some modifying causes, is, I think, conspicuously apparent. Whether the conservative character which it was intended to preserve, and has hitherto sustained, to tiic people and the Constitu tion, can in any degree be safety dispensed with, h for your judgment, and theirs to determine.? To enlarge its powers in some respects, particularly in the appointment of Slate officers, and the super, vi.-ion of our road law?, and system of public educate i, would unqestionably afford ample opportunitios for usefulness and efficiency. And to in. creaso its responsibilities both to the Legislature and the people, by requiring an annual published record of all its official proceedings, would at the same time establish the best guaranties for the safe and discreet exercises of all its prerogatives. T.iat the interposition of the veto power might on simc future, but I hope distant occasion, exercis; a conservative influence upon the character of our laws, may reasonably be inferred from recc it illustrations in the practice of the Federal government, as well as in the example of most of ojr sister States. In all of the State constitutions a loptcd or amended within the recent experience of the practical operation of our forms of governmcnt, the necessity of interpos'ng some safe bar. ricr to the encroachments of a dominant and irresponsible party legislation, has wisely induced to the insertion of this salutary feature. In our State Constitution, based entirely, as it is, upon a compromise of interests; so successful1 y illustrated in our representation in the Senate ; sometimes even practically exemplified in our legislation, (as in the division of the free-school fund,) and most obviously manifested in the mode of elect ing the Executive, would not trie protecting tliflucnce of an Executive veto be consistently fulfilling the purposes for which this ad-v^ment of power and of interests was instituted ? Divested of nil motives of interest, by the near Approach of the expiration of my official term, as well as my official ineligibility?disembarrassed, therefore, of any eense of personal delicacy, and confirmed in the conviction of most of my predecessors, I would add my testimon} and experience of the inadequacy of the present salary, to sustain an expense, indispensable to the dignity and usefulness, and commensurate even with the ordinary ennniimmA?<o rx( tKn sKli/tn Thn inrrit.'i hip infill. / ivi|unviiivuio vi vug naiiVfi* a ijv mv?i%??.? -- ? ?ence of such a cause may practically operate in the course of time, to confine its aspirations to the opulent, to deter the rrrricrsof merit, and to present the* office as a flittering: prize to exorbitant wealth, stimulated by inordinate ambition. **o tiling can be mere fatal to an equality of rights aid | privileges?nothing can exact a more obsequious I homigc from popular institution" to a rjtonied oli- 1 r garc'iy?nothing can be more sordid in a people,; c or profligate in a government, than tho miserable t policy of bartering the honors of tlu country, for unpaid services, and the sacrifice of private interest. It would be more noble, because more frank and honorable, to prostitute them at once to the ignominy of a public sale, and the open scandal of ^ a public market. The present period cf retrenchment and embarrassment is perhaps too unpropitious an occasion, to recommend an increase of the i Executive salary; but, unwilling to avoid any responsibility that devolves upon me, of making but. ' gestions that I may deem promotive of-the wtI. .'art; of the State, I take this, one of my last otficial opportunities, to add my testimony to tho con- j current declarations of all, I believe, of my prede- | ccaaors, in liivor of the prospective' policy of "such I a measure. The term of two years only, accompanied by ineligibility, has been found in the experience, and acknowledged by the caudorof all, to be too short i for usefulness?too temporary to perfect systcraatic vie ws of improvement?and might operate on some occasions of great and perilous emergency, to exclude the State from deriving benefit from . . . i the services of her ablest and most efficient citizens. - ? f J ' Jfut a lew a aye more rtui.un, iciwn w.. complete the' term for which I was elected? when my official relations to the State are to be changed into the humble duties and avocations of a private citizen. If my efforts iiM'O in any respect failed in sustaining the dignity of the station ; in equitably administering her law*'; or in j ! suggesting correct views for promoting the w?..'u?re J and happiness of the peoplethen have I beert i most signally disappointed in the hopes and aspir I ations which have constituted the motives of my official life. To preserve her wise and happy insti- | tutions undiminished and unimpaired ; to lrad In r ! onward in the path of national greatness and glory; ' to cherish her rights, her principles, and the vene- ' rated customs and usages under which she has at. ' tained to so much honor and prosperity; have ' been the object of my unceasing vigilance and so- 1 licitudc?objects which will still follow me in re. tircmcnt, inspiring the warmest wishes for her welfare, accompanying every motive of duty, and J I strengthening every obligation of allegiance, as a ! | citizen and a Carolinian. And when, in contcm- J pi iting the beneficent supervision of a Divine I | Tower, so conspicuously illustrated i:i all the events j of her history, as well as in the innumerable bless- 1 ingsof the past and of late years, it is with a confident hope, that I now invoke its continued protcction and wisdom, to inspiro her councils, and conduct her institutions, in every stage of her pro grcss, to attain all the attributes, the permanency, and the moral energies, of a great, as well as a free and happy people. Nor with less confidence, do I repose my hope in your zeal and exertions, gentlemen, to emulate j the wisdom and patriotism of those who have pre. ceded you, in promoting the true interest and enduring weal of your constituents. If my wishes and invocations on such an occasion, may be permitted to l>o expressed, with tho solemnity of the last admonitions of a parting friend, they arc fervently offered, for the harmony i of your deliberations, and tho exclusive devotion J of all your energies and affections to the service of South Carolina ; above all the ephemeral distiu?tions of party?above all servile fear of popular prejudice?above the grovelling strifes of a selfish 'ambition, and the jarrings and the jealousies of sectional cupidity and dbxentions. JOHN P. RICHARDSON. lulj 'i. u -a . i .i " l ~ titt.:. CHERA1V GAZETTE. Cheraw, Tuesday, December 6, 1842. During the absence of the Editor payments due to him may be made to Mr. Westf.rvej.t. The Editor is absent and docs not expect to return for some weeks. In the mean time the inside of the paper will consist chiefly of matter selected and furnished by the Printer. Temperance meeting. A meeting of the " Washington Temperance Society of Cheraw" will be held in the Methodist Church, on 1-riday evening next, at half past G o'clock. Members arc requested, and the public generally are respectfully invited to attend. The delegate to the State Temperance Convention will J report; and it is expected that the Society will be \ addressed by other members. I ?? < The extraordinary length of the Governor's < Message must form our apology for the deficiency * of general intelligence In this week's paper. We j expect next week to present our readers with an. other extended document, in the shape of the President's Message, should we receive it early enough to bo inserted entire. A Duel was fought near the North Carolina ( line on Monday week, by Messrs. J. F. Mittag and H. Massey, both of Lancaster, in which the former was wounded in the thigh. Rumored Resignation or Mr. Calhoun.? The rumors as to the intended resignation of this distinguished Senator and statc.<m in?50 long and J still the popular idol of this State?from his scat j < in the Senate of the Union, is gathering strength I every day, and speculation is becoming rife, the canvass actually begun, as to his s?;0ce5for. ' Char\($ton Courier. From the Comr&efcial Advertiser of the 3*)th i Nov., we lcojn that Gov. Seward of New York has | conditionally pardoned James Watson Webb, late- 1 I !y convicted of leaving the State, with the inten- j tion of fighting a duel, for which ho had been sentenced to two years' imprisonment in the State prison. 1 The legislature of South Carolina met on ' Monday the 28th tilt., at 12 o'clock, M. In the Senate, the Hon. Angls Patterson was > re-elected President; Wr. E. Martin, Clerk ; A. j , Garden, Reading Clerk; J. D. Gaillard, Mes- , { sengcr; and J. 13. Fllton, Door-keeper. j I In the House, the Hon. W. F. Colcock was ' ! ? SsnrvaL-r?r T W* fJinirn f A ivnivv?vv ?.yvu,,vi f * ' viui A | | Spain, Reading Clerk ; Wm. Bask ins, Messenger;1 ? and James McElhany, Door-keeper. ; t Mr. a. Rhf.tt introduced a resolution for the h appointment of a Committee of 9, one fiom earh Congressional District, to take into consideration ; tho re-districting of the State, and that the com. mittce be instructed to report as rarlr ns po^-iMc We have received the FumeW Regiiter ta* November, and copy from it the following anKHincemcnt of Mr. Rufiin'* retirement from ths editorship of that periodical, whieh he hat so k>of ind ably conducted: # 4 ' -4 " EDITORIAL NOTICE TO SCBSCftlBtM. " The undersigned' has the gratification of announcing to the friends and supporters of the Farmers.' Register, that the property in and direction of that publication will lie transferred, at the clous of this year and of the current volume, to Thomas S. Pleasants, who will thereafter be the editor and publisher. To thoae persona who know thia gentleman intimately, any recommendation would be superfluous. To othe rs, and to the agricnltur. al public generally, the undersigned begs leava to *1 _ A II- r>! 4-r 1- -....II I aL say, mat .nr. neosams w wnt ?juaimeu, oj tnw acquisition of general and varied iitl'onhation.'and by extensive reading and- sftfficierit' practical experience in agriculture, and also as an excellent writor, to conduct an agricultural periodical of a high grade of character. The undersign* I trusts that his present subscribers and the friend* of the work will continue their support to the Farmers' Register under the editorial charge of bio successor; whose abilities aro likely to be a# useful irr the discharge of that dut v, and his editoriel services arid effort? more acceptable to the public in federal, than have been thoee by which the publi. cation has been recently, conducted. '' " fibxtKh Rem*. " Pttcrsburg, Va., iVor. 7, 1842.** TllB GREAT 60LTHEIX MAIL. On Wednesday we received six mails from places beyond Richmond, since which wo have no intelligence from beyond that place. ~ The South. ?m papers are loud in their complaints for the great, delay. After publishing some of these, the Madi?onian of yesterday adds the following:? 44 We publish the above, in o:d$r that we may tn tlirxo who arc interested in this crreat line jf mail service, that the Postmaster General ha* l>cen duly sensible of the evils complained of, and that every power, short of annulling the contract, vested in him by law, has been exceed to secure a regular connection of the mail at Chvlco. ton. 4* The Charlestpn and Hamburg Rail Road Com. pany has been appealed to, to give the longest possible time for their departure from Charleston, in order to receive the Wilmington mail. Thf directors of this company say they are obliged to leave Charleston at the hour now fixed, to be toablcd to meet the downward train to Charleston and pass it on the ir double track. " The Po.nrnastcrGcncrjl, sensible of the difficulties attending the steamboat mail down tho Ckps Pear and thence to Charleston, has ordered a twits froin Raleigh to (.Columbia to bo advertised, upon which he promises himself a more regular, if not as speedy a mail from the North, not only to Charleston, but to the entire South. In the mean time, every tiling in his power will be dons, during the existrnee of the present contract, to enforce a compliance with its stipulations."?.V. V. Ctm. Ado. SlNGU.AR AND HORRID AFFAIR.?On the morning of thn 3d in*!.. Mi. Vdloiti tine Wcivcr, n blacksmith, of Canal D* rcr, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, left that place in n buggy for Massiilon, as said, to get some money. In the evening the horse nnd buggy returned and the dead body of Mr. W. with a rope round his neck and fastened to the axlefree, much bruised. His pocket book and hat warn found a short distance from town. From facts since disclosed, it appears probnbie that, being unable to get money to pey a debt he owed, he did the act himself.? He has left a family. TO PRllVTBItS. Wa.xted at this office a Printer of good character and industrious habits, who has served a regular apprenticeship to tho business. None other need apply. Letters, postage paid, will tie at. tended to, on the return of the Lditoc, about, or perhaps before, Christmas. ??mmmmmgggB CIIERAW PRICES CURRENT. December 6,1812. Articles. fee J 8 C. | 'f C. Beef in market, . lb 0 H . -4 Bacon from wagous, lb 7 74 by retail, lb 6? a \ % Batter lb I2| a ]? Beeswax lb ? 95 Bagging yard 20 t 92 Bale Rope lb 10 ? |?A FofTee lb 124 * U ' "otto.v, lb 5| 2orn, scarce bush 60 a 43 Flour, Country, brl 4 a 44 Foatliersfm wag. none lb 8 'J % 49 Fed er. lOOlba 75 1 I w Sit s, window 8x10, 50ft 3 25 a 3 374 , 10x12, 50ft 3 50 a 3 74 1 ides, green lb 5 a dry lb 10 a ron lOOlba 5 a ndigo lb 1 a 2 *t jitno cask 4 a 4 50 .arc] scarce lb 7 a ^eathor, sole !> 93 a fg .ead, bar 'tb ft a ) -ogwood lb it) a 15 ilolasses N. O, gal 35 a 44 7-?> gat & a 53 tails, cu% assorted lb 1 a f The River is navigable for Steam Boat*. TATIARWIW ll,^ ELL put up in small jars, for rale at tha Ww New Drug Store. 1VOTICI*. rRlIlE following properly wasstoJcn f.omth* JL plantation of William Bl?k")tey, dec'U, in his District, on the night of the 3rd in?i.f ?-at V br glit mi)'alto woman named Moteey, IS rears old, about 5 feet 4 inches high sad very irgc for her height.' Also, two young bor?* ttnlee, one a d uk brown the other a daik mouse olor. bo h arnn 1 and supposed to be, one about > and ihc olhor 10 year* old. The 'aid proper. y ia supposed to have teen stolen by one lackaor. Key, who is pr-d)jbly making his way villi the same lo the Wot. Said Key ie about M years old. has a fair eo nplexion, vrry light tair, and r? amrknb'.y l:ght ayebrowa, evader wrson, nbont 6 tVet Id incites high and has a lowncaat h?ok when epok'n to. ,\ reward ef I'ly do'lars wi!M? n..jj for the recovery and i.ife kci'pinf of the pro;?ert j and ?ai<l Kay, tnt of his State, or far delivering the scmo to tho ubycribcf. 6TETHF.X P. MILLER, Adn.'Vof W in. HTakency. f?t-Id Mine Chevt.-rfie'd Piatiif, 5. )' LV^euibei (>:! . J 4 < if