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many years to the great inconvenience of having no fixed rules whatever ?n that subject; but oach House ot Congress establishes regulations for the talcing ami admission of nidenoe applicable to its own elections, as the cases arise. Hence, as gentlemen nre aware, contesters fro. quently come in without a particle of ndrnissable evidence in support of their rlaims. The Committee of elections prescribe rules which are sanctioned by the House. The cor.iesters return to their respective Urates, to attend to the taking of cvtOchce; and the long session has sometimes almost expired In-fore the elections are determined. Shall we, who have hhherto guarded our privileges on the subject of elections with ho much jealousy, allow this act of the President to pneS without even a protest? He congratulated the House upon the prospect of having the subject referred to a committee, with such an experienced and well-qualified chairman as the gen. j tleman frotn Massachusetts, [Mr. Adams.] He hoped that the whole matter would bo inquired into in all its hearings, and that the committee would report what measures we should adopt. When the apportionment hill whs returned to us a second time from the ?v-n. ! ate, with the amendment* of that body Insisted on, he had, in common u ith many ! others, felt some excrement. But whim he reflected (as he immediately did) that ; that body had an equal light with the j House to legislate and propose attentions ; that it was equally interested in the sub ! jeet; that its tin mbcrs, as citizens of the different States, composed a part of that great constituent body which wc rcpre. vented; when he also considcre 1 that Iho true principle of representation consisted less in the numbers than n the duo responsibility of tno Representative?he j was disposed, in a ppirit of compromise, ! to adopt a medium number. When, af. I tarwards. n majority of the House deter- ' mined to accede to the amendments of the Senate, he cheerfully acquiesced, and felt that nothing had occurred to endanger our privileges or to impair our dignity. But if the Senate, not content with amending, had proceeded, as a body, to j file its interpretation of a law in the pti! ii archives, intended exclusively for the re- I gulation of the elect i? ns of tl.e moinbersof : this H ouse?is there a gentleman here j .who would not have resented the act as an encroachment on our privileges? And can any gentleman assign a reason why ?uch a course on the part of the Senate wonld he either more absurd, or less authorized by the ('?institution, than on ; the part of the President ? The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Wise] ha 1. it is true, attempted to shield i the President under the mantle of (ion. j Jackson, who once approved a hill, and j put his reasons for so doing on it. The I gentleman from Massachusetts, [Mr. Adams,] in reply had shown that there was no analogy between the two cases n..? if thorn una. it would he no i list I fi i? ii'v. w ?? 7 -. ! cation, for precedent cannot sanction j ierong. The hill alluded to, was a hill . authorizing certain works of internal im- j p'orement; and, am?ng other things, the construction of a road from Detroit, in tho then territory of Michigan, to Chi Cflgo, in (ho Stale of Illinois, finnoral Jackson approved it with a qualification, i in effect, that it should not he cons?rued as authorizing the construction of a mad i in a Stale; in other words, he amended ' the bill! Surely, no one will l??r a wo i mcnt contend that this was a constitutional act on the part of tho old In ro. Ii was a din ct usurpation of legislative power, much more palpable tha i the qtnsi exercise of the judicial function by Mr. Tyler, in filing oa a separate j ieneof pap?r ttu exposition of his reasons for s going the apportionment bill; and had not Congress been so ncar.ts adjournment, (half an hour, as he was informed, of the end of the aessioti,) it would, doubtless, no! j have passed unrebukerl. He had no doubt whatever that both (Jen. Jackson and Mr. Tyler were actuated by fair and honorable motives; but the assumption of unauthorized legislative power in the oae ca-e, and the encroachment on our i privilege# in tlie other, are noi kss reui j than if they had been des g ied. i\ot content with defending the Prcsi. i dent, the gentleman had, as was his cus- j torn, Corned the war into trie enemy's territory, and assailed the law upon i!h merit#. He cottui not, however, regard this assault as made in much sincerity;, for, on reference to the journal winch he I held in his hand, he found, upon the qurs- j tion 44 Shall tie bill he engrossed, and ! read a third t me?" then;, me of" his friend j ?"Henry A. Wise"?recorded in the j affirmative. This ivas after the districting clause was incorporated. Not only o; but after weeks of reflection?after having hud all the advantage of the light 1 ihrnu-n noon the suhiect i>V thll duvilS "? " - - - J / ion in the other, a* well as in this branch, of (ho Legislature?after the feature of fractional representation had also been in eluded. and the bill had assumed toe precise shspe in which it he.cnmo a law*? tbe gentleman again, in effect, voted for It, when he voted against the mo'ion ol "the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. V/m. C. Johnson] to lay it on the table; the last vote taken by ayes and noes on the bill. After these repeated votes, bv which this law had received his most so!- J sanction, he was surprised to hear j denounce it an being passed by a j * KrnfA rnrrp." and a 44 Fed ra' maiuritv." I that wa? endeavoring to break w:wn the 'terriers of the ConatituJion. arid trample j ?p*m the rights of the States. If it was |?a?scd by a brute force, the gentleman) had added to that force, the momentum ] of bis weight. If it was passed by h j Federal majority, the gentleman bed Ion' j his name to swell the verv niHjopitv "I . jvhioh ho complained. If fH*- "entli ma*! j iatrnded any thw^ beyond eloquent de' ' t cln mation in those !oud-9ounding epithets and realiv repented of the votes which he had given in favor of this law. he j *vould r< coumumd h'tn to soothe Ins con* j science by reading the admirable speech of his friend and colleague [Mr. 3. H. ; i Buiier ] in its support?a gentleman of as ' pure <lt mocratic pi meipies, and as devoted ! aitachmeiit to the rights of the States, I as is to be found in tins House, or ei.-e Uu^re. r"artlcuiariy uiu ne couunenu 10 the gentleman, "as a fiiend of State ! rights," that part of his colleague'*speech j where he savs that ho does " not wonder I at tsneers constantly thrown at the : doctrine of State rights, when such ridicu- I [ lous pretensions are set op by men who ' i profess to he their peculiar guardians." J Mr. C. here referred to a number of the j Democratic members by name, (passing j j high eulogies on several of them.) who hah voted for the engrossment of this i apportionment hill, against which so much < complaint had recently been made, and 1 which the country was persuaded to he- ' j lieve was passed by a party vote. When ( the question was oil ordering the bill to a j thir.l reading, (districting clause inclu- ( ded,) it was voted for by several Demo- j I nratie members. After the fractional principle had also been introduced, the 1 follow ing gentlemen, bv voting agalf.st I ' the motion of the gentleman from Maryland [Mr. \V. Cost Johnson] to lay the oil I on toe table, in effect voted lor its j passage: j (Messrs. A. V. Brown. John Campbell, | tt.Mil.Hii I 'liiitiin-iii Iv r I u.-:. rel flrdM. 'I'. VV . I i?:1 iner, Charles J. Ingersoll, Wm. \V. ' irv\ in. Cave Johnson, John W. Jones, John Thompson Mason, William Pa rim n- ( 'er, George fi. Profitt, Alnion II. R< ad, ( Hykins L. Turney, Harvey M. Walterso f, aim Henry A. Wise?1G voting for I the law. ' i\o!withstanding those facts, an effort was making to produce the impression | that the Democratic party had voted i , against the measure cn masse. The jour- j \ r.al would show that, without their aid, s tiic hill could not have been pissed. The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. ' W isej had said that some regarded this J * lull as recommendatory, and some as s mandatory; and that many of those j ' O ing for it would not have done so, had c they considered it in the nature of a man- | ilale to the States to district themselves. s ouch the geotlemin from Aiahama [Mr. j ?>nield>] tiad declared to he his posi. ' I lion. | v The President's exposition of his rea- ; sons for approving the hill was not yet i printed ; hut he had made an extract j from it, from which he would read the , t following passage: v C? ^ ?*0.ie of the prominent features of the bill j is that which purports to he mandatory on a the States to form districts for the choice i of R presentatives to Congress in single ) districts. That Congress itself has pow- | * er, hv law, io alter stalcTrrgutatiOTis res- | pectiog the manner of holding elections J for Representatives, is clear; hut its pow. g er to command the States to make new I regulations, or alter their existing regutsu j (ions, is the question upon witicii 1 Ifii j j deep and strong doubts. I h.ivo yielded) these doubts, however, to the opinion of: f the Legislature, giving effect to their J enactment as fur as depends on my up- ( ? probation, and leaving q lestions which j tnav arise hereafter, (;f unhappily such j r should arise.) to he settled hy full consirj. ! 1 nation of the several provisions of the ! I ^ roust.tution and the laws, and i [ and the authority ofeach fl ?n-e to judge) of the elect ons, ri turns, and qualifications ' of its own members." Thus it is obvious that the President re. j g rds this law as a command from Con. | grc?s to the States. But, before proceed. ! t ir>? to examine {.he constructions put tip. * 11 on r? either by him or by the gentlemen I , fruin Virginia and Alabama, Mr. C. i ,j would req test gentlemen to bear in mind ! a that there was no question of urignal c f State rights involved in the matter.? ; Tne right In send members to Congress could no more exist its a State before she | adopted the Federal constitution, and be- | Jj came a member of the political sisterhood, '' than to send members to the Parliament j1 of K' gland. All the powers wiiichean he j jj exercised, citlier l?y the Slate Legisla. ; t tares or hy Congress, in prescribing "the ; a times, places, and manner of holding eloc. r turns" is confered in the same c.Ianse of d * . I a tiie C'Onstitulion, in language so plain, ,j that he wito runs may road," provided he h wjll first slrip from his eyes the film of P prejudice. j 1 Butti.c President and the gentlemen c [Continued on page 4.] > e ?7 |JI Correspondencefit 'he N. Commercial Ad- j v vv'iwer. j j, Washington. Jtih 21. ) I " "i'nnrbilay, 3 P. M. j j t SENATE. _ j 8 Mr. C ilhotn presented a petition from cit- j H izens <?t Virginia, in favor of free Cad", ap j 11 pe dad to winch wa? a Jett'-r from General 1 Harrison wnt'eri at Z-nesvilin, in ISdii, with r< regard to the compromise act, declaring an ' '' m.t ntion to sustain it in fpirit and in letter. 1 The letter being read by the secretary, n Vi. 'i.olf Ilit; <rroli!)d that had (Jo- I II I W rjjiiwwn - nen) IJarrieon lived, tiie couirrcjni.se act " would now be in full force, and no other law, n aft'Ttincj it any way, could have received h.e sanction; and that the whig?, by giving hhn their eupj-O't, were pledged to this same con-so of -action. Mr. Crittenden commented po;ntedly upon th:s pus: humous advocacy of G? n ral Har. risen s polity, on the part of one f those who took an active part against him, while a candidate fo. she P CRMon *y,?and all this, '' f.?r the purpose of carrying, now, a particular * ldvorne nn a.-ure. Mr. Calimtui denied that lie had ever had ^ other to iii ?!)" highest person tl respect foi i};?'deceased President, how inurh soever lie had hern comp??i;:,i! t'?? ppase hi? election. Cl H'i ctnt nuid, at eomo length, hu former I views of the binding effect of Gen. Harrison's pledge* upon the successful political party of which f?r* was the candidate. ;Mr. Archer would su>k th Senator from South Carolina, if, in the event of the inability of thegovernrnen* to get on wiih such rove, nue as the compromise act would alone raise, lie would still cling to the 20 per cent, as the max mum of duties on imports. Mr. Ca houri would answer the Senator, fie would never vote for more than 20 per cent, duties, tiJi the distribution bill was repealed, and tiil the government, exercising tnet economy, could not get on without more. A disposition for retrenchment and reform in expenditure, in the administration of the government, must first be exhibited before he could give any other reply to the Senator's query. /inif a loaaend f a iur. v>ruiri:u*'ii nr-ciiiuu muicpuocu iv listen to this kind of arrogant lecturing on the part of .Mr. Calhoun. He (.Mr. Crittenden,) did not object to rereiving counsel ii the discharge of his public Ju'iey, but he was in the habit of valuing such counsel in proportion to his estimata of the capability of his lecturer to teach He then reviewed very critically and pungently, too, the course of Mr. Calhoun's politics, and his consistency in relation to various questions 3f* pubiic policy, siuce he had been in public stations. Mr. Calhoun responded, in an attempt at 'indication of his cousistency. During this, ii/r. Preston was saying something to Mr. Crittenden, and this seemed to nettle Mr. Calhuun somewhat; he said something to the effect that he wou'd pause, and give his colleague an opportunity to speak, if he wished, n corroboration or in contradiction of h.s [Mr Calhoun's) remarks. Mr. Preston rose and asked what his coleague had said. Mr. Calhoun merely said, " Let it pass." But Mr. Pre.-ton remarked that he should j nake a more direct and personal call on his colleague as to wh it had fallen from him. Mr. Calhoun proceeded, ana, closing, cnai enged any Senator lo show that he had been n the Jeast inconsistent in his course, for ourteen vears ! Mr. Preston then ro?r, in some excite nenf, arid formally demanded of Ins colleague vhat that observation was which the lattei iad made in relation to him, during his speech. Mr. Calhoun explained. He thought Mr. ?. had something to say, by his talking to Mr. Crittenden, while he (Mr. Calhoun) was ipeaking, and he wished to give his colleague m opportunity to do so. Mr. Preston said that the conduct of his :olleague, in alluding to the private transac. ions of Senators upon lhat floor, was a gross ireach of the order of the body, which forbids uch allusions ^xpi'citly. And Mr. Pieston said that lie would give Hr. Calhoun to understand that, when there vas any rail tor him to speak on that floor, he hould do it in his own lime and manner, vithout watting for the invitation of that Sen. Ltor. And he went onto rebuke Mr. Calhoun for he reference he had made to his private conversation with a Senator. If he said any hing to the Senate, in relation to his col eague, his colleague had a right to demand in explanation there, if out of the Senate, here, too. And m either case, he would And him (Mr. \) entirely responsible. Mr. Crtinuuo. VIr. President, "iny colcague h is assumed a lofty tone,?but " Mr. Preston. 44 Your remark* were alto[ether unparliamentary." Mr. Calhoun 44 The Senator should have ?een 8*ti?.fied with my explanation." Mr. Preston again ro^e, and wa* proceedng to .-oy something, when Mr. Calhoun insisted upon not being anv arth, r interrupted. ri.o (nhtained order: hut there was ni i n.? i o auvuu IU UC larried to the Count do Pierre. Several shocks of an eanhquake have re. vntiy bcetvfelt at. M??roero, nod id the pf>uiii f .Suain and Portuja!. I ..... w.... ? threat deal of excitement observable on the [ ?>r. Mr. Calhoun then wont on to explain llic easnn why he had made toe allusion he did o Ins colleague*. He had intended, simply, n ask his colleague tocontrad'ct, if he could, iny thing lie was saying. That was all, and ! ;m colleague might make the most of it ! Mr. lJr? sion still insisted that. Mr. C.'ti aU usion was ent.rely unparliamentary. Mr. Calhoun remarked that that wag a [uesiion fur the tSen ile to decide, and not us colle igue. Mr. Arcner hoped this difference between he Senators liom ISouth Carolina mightier. ! ninale here. And here it dropped. Alter some more conversation between dr. Crittenden and Mr. Calhoun, upon the j naiti iopic, the mat er was laid on 'he table, nd the Senate was acting on private?or ale.-,Uar?busm?'St?, when the hour arrived : or the closing up of this letter. FORK1GN. The news from Lngland is down to the nil July. The punishment of Francis who iad shot at the Queen has been commuted ; o banishment for life to one of the inosi rigid f the penal settlements. Another ft how las been apprehended on suspicion of an inentiou to assassinate her majes'y. The mount of evidence against him is that he epeatediy justified the attempt of Francis, nd wished that he had succeeded. Ho was forwards lound near tne place at which lie Queen passed in her carriage, having in s possession a rusty pistol loaded with coarsp owder, and broken pipe stems. Some allege hat he snapped the pis ol at the carriage. At the annual dinner of the Uritish Assoiat.on, compose.! of many of the most influntial men in the kingdom, tho American Minister war present, and toasted. The toast /as introduced by the chairman, Lord Kger on, with a series of remarks highly complilentary and conciliatory, and was drank by he company standing and with much entnu iao.i Mr. -R verett reohed vprv annrotiri. I . ....... . ... ?-- _r ^ -rr; r ? tely and took his seat amidst tlio cheering of he assembly The accounts from all parts of the country pspectmg I lie prospects of I he harvest, aro of ic most cheering dheracter. The6tate of trade is about the same. The larkets iiave a downward tendency in consquence of the promising state of the crops, le easy rates of money, and the general stag, ation of business. 'I tie o.d ruinor that the Queen of Engind is again in a delicate fix, ik repealed. rI lie reports of Russian successes in Cir. assia are not confirmed. Tiic difficulties in 1 lie Turkish provinces of losina and Mervia appear to be quieted. The French claim to have gained some ew successes in Algeria, out these successes, ke those achieved by our own troops in 'mrida. do not always "stay" successful. The rich and beautiful American heiress, 1 'Pk?..?ivA Itivlll Of D J IU uk/Vllf t/v U.k Meetings of the shop keepers of Manches* fer, Wolverhampton, Leice?ter, and other large towns, have been held to consider the prevailing distress. The extensive firm of Messrs. Hay and & Ogilvie, merchants and bankers of Berwick. have suspended payment. Upwards of thirty persons, of a fishing party, were drowned near Bangor, Wales, on the 24th, under circumstances winch rendered the calamity in the highest degree afflictive. The troubles in Ireland still continue. Even : the prospect of an abundant harvest does not appear to allay the murmurs of discontent. Twenty houses and a quantiiy of valuable property were burnt and damaged at Rotherite some lime since. More than five thousand operatives were out of employ in the mining districts of Truro, and about an equal number of women and boys whose services had been connected With mining operations. The distress among them was unparalleled. Latest accounts from Spain speak of rencweti difficulties on the formation of a new | Cabinet. In the mean time the public business is suffering, the public treasury empty, confidence lust, and the laws openly dened. The crops and the vintage, however, give promise of an abundant harvest, in most ol the provinces. The ratification of the long ponding treatics between Great Britain a id Texas ?ere exchanged on the 27th, by the Earl of Aberdeen, Plenipotentiary ol Great Britain, and the Hon. Abel Smith, Plenipotentiary of Texas. THK NORTHKA3TKRN BOUNDARY. Our paragraph m Saturday s paper, respecting the Boundary Negotiation, turns out to have been well founded. It is now generally known that all the Commissioners from the two States interested n it have signified their assent to the line proposed. If no unforeseen or unexpeced difficulty should arise, this very important transaction will ere long receive us completion. What the line agreed on is, or what are its terms or conditions, we lave not yet learnt. We take it for granted that all these are fair and honorable; and as they are satisfactory to the parties principally concerned, we douhl not they will prove equally so to (he country. And most sincerely do we congratulate the country on tho settlement of a controversy of. we may say, fifty years dura!ion?a controversy which uas even threatened to involve the country in the calamities ol war. All those who have labored successful, i i.. i..: ......u .. ........o n..-#...,.. I y III LMlll>? ii uiJU l nui.il it icau.i vic?at;i ? u iiiu unstinted thanks of tne country. Toe settlement of this and other interesting questions, winch we trust will also he satis tnctorily adjusted, wnl he an event equally honorable and fortunate to the Executive administration. We hear from all sides. | and it gives lis pleasure to rcpcut it, that the President has manifested a sincere Ue sire to arrange the questions in difference bet ween the U nited States and England in a manner honorable and satislucloiy. | And we cheerfully use this occasion to say, that while we have been obliged to e*|>ress our disapprobation of other unpOi* taut acts of the present Chief Magistrate, we know nothing which we do not approve in Ins conduct of our Foreign Relations. On these subjects, Hie general (one and character of tne Executive mes _ - / ? -..J i. 11 sages .11 i/iurgress, uiiu uiucr puonc com municaiions, Have been pair.otic, digm tied, and well considered. We mi?ht udd, too, tiiut looking to some of the |irnicipui ! missions aoroad, we do not know when they have been tilled?certainly not lor a longtime pa>t?by incumbents more use(ill and honorable to the nation. We most sincerely hope that tli Adniinistralion may enjoy iheenviahie distinction ot pulling at rest difficulties which have so long existed,and wnieii at times seemed to thre.tcn trie general peace. The Commissioners to arrange for a convention line, were, on the pari of Maine, Edicard Kuoannagh Kent, i\. P. Preble^ and John Olls ; o.i the part of M; issacnuseits, Aobotl Latere nee, John Mills, and Charles Allen. These moM respectable gentlemen, high in (he confidence of tneir respective Stall s, appointed without reference to political parties, and confined to none, wih, we are conv need, he tound to have executed the trust reposed in them in the most desirable and honorable mariner. We know nothing ol lhe particular proceejings which have taken place in this negotiation since the publication of trie letter of the Secretary of State to the Gov or ii/iru of Mmrio sinfi l\l '.issacllsct Is. Ill May last. The business, as we then fell and said, was well begun, tnough we liesi. tated to indulge in any very sanguine hop. ea of bunging so many diiicreni nileresis to agree. That Ibey have agreed, is creditable alike to the patriotism ana good sense of all parlies. The States interested desorve eminent commendation for tne manner in which they appointed and gavo lull powers to their Commissioners, as well as for the selection of individuals so tilled for their high trust. And, while giving duo credit to all who have been instrumental in bringing about the happy result which we took up our pen to announce, we must not pass by mm who, it is to be presumed, guided and was the chiel counsellor in the negotiation. We mean of course the decre-j tory of State. The task which devolved upon him was a most ditiiculi one.? I'ne courage arising from a high sense of duty was necessary to embolden bun 10 attempt w hat so many had failed I in : and prudence, wise conduct, and J tirm determination must have been re- j quisite to success. We are greatly deceived in our judgement and our in'or. uicilion in this matter, it when the histoiy of tins negotiation is pubi.shed, the Secretary does not hate tins piaisc uwuidcd him by the unanimous public voice. in conclusion, we congratulate the British Envoy upon the honorable result of ins difficult mission, w hich cannot but confirm to him the respect and regard that hi." urbanity ami acceptable drportinem i , have won from all who have had occasion to know him. Correspondence N. Y. Commcrcioal Advertiser. Washington, Saturday. July 23. The Negotiatonm. i This important matter has at length reached a definitive point. Maine, the; state most deeply interested, has agreed to a convention, provided the senate of the United States shall confirm it. The items of the convention arc in substance, as follows Maine and Massachusetts relinquish m/tn tilvr nil t lin Iapi-i V/^rt U m\C t ho flf ' 11C ?l i \ j Ull II1C Itl I UUI > 41UI 111 VI HIV \ John's. That which they do not relinquish is a segment hetween that river and the St. Francis. The free navigation of the St. John's river is ceded by Grent Britain to the United States. In consideration of such relinquish, men Is on the part of the two states, the sum of 8300,000, to be equally divided between them, is paid by Great Britain, which government also stipulates to pay the expcnces to which Main has been put,! in defence of the disputed territory.? j 8200,000 more. A Liberal arrangement of the North, ern boundary line, on the New Hampshire Vermont and New York frontiers, has been acquiesced in by Great BritainThese are the main features of the convention. A short time will enable me to give the details exactly as they are. Great Britain* and Texas. We learn by the Acadia that the ratifications of the long.pending treaties between Great Britain and Texas were exchanged on Tuesday the 28th ultimo by (he Earl of Aberdeen, Plenipotentiary of Great Britain, and the Hon. Ashbel Smith Tionipotedtiary of the Republic of Tex as; These treaties arc threo in number: a treaty of amity, navigation, and com-1 tucrce?a treaty undertaking mediation J by (treat Brtta.n between tiio republics of Mexico and Texas?and a treaty granting reciprocal rigiit of searc'i for the .suppression of the African slave trade. Tiiey were negotiated in IS40, and conI eluded in November of that year, by Viscoiint Pal.nerston and General James} Hamilton. The powers to ratify the two brst have been considerable time in Kngland, but their completion has been delayed until the ratifications of the treaty granting ih? right of search could !>e simultaneously exchanged. The following are published as article* of the treaiy of mediation ; Art. 1. The republic of Tcxaa agree I hat if, by means of tho mediation of her Britannic Majesty, an unlimited truce shall be established between Mexico nnd ' f Texas within thirty days after this pres ent eonvention shall have been common . rated to the Mexican Government by her Britannic Majesty's mission at Mexico, and if within six mouths from tho day on which that communication shall have I been so made, Mexico shall have conclu filed a treaty of peace "with Texas, then, and in such case, the republic of Texas ! will take upon itself a portion, .amounting f to one million pounds sterling, oflhocapi1 till of the foreign debt contracted by th^ ! republic of Mexico before the 1st of Feb- 1 I rnnrv' 18H.1. Art. 2. The mnnncr in which the capital of one million pounds sterling of ' foreign debt, mentioned in the preceding article, shall he transferred from the re. 1 public of Mexico to the republic of Texas shall be settled hereafter by special 1 agreement between the republic of Texas ' and the republic of Mexico, under the ' mediation of her Britannic Majesty. From the N. O. Piciyuno, July 2S. ? < a ml'kdkhkk s attrkst. ( Under this caption in our paper of Tuesday we briefly noticed the arrest of i one Wiley Freeman, for the murder of < his wife. Tne particulars we received at I too an late hour on the previous evening t to give them .in full. They were yester- I day 44 crowded out," louse a technical, < phrase, hy news from Mexico, Texas, 1 Tiiey arc of an extraordinary char- j actor, and inasmuch as they show that > the Omniscient eye is ever on the mur- i derer, they point a moral on which it is f s well to reflect. Freeman is about forty-eight years of \ age; his countenance bespeaks shrewd- t ncss and intelligence, and it also plainly r j t? lis of a mind harrowed up with feelings j I of intense agony and bitter, biting re morse. He was raised in Kdgefield, SCarolina, and was married at tho early age of twenty-one or twenty-two years. I His wife he had known from early infancy i ?thev went to school together and < ' # # w ; together p;irticipatod iti the village sports. -t Their union seemed to be such a one as ( would insure perpetual happiness?undy- | mg love. Tlie poet says? '* Bat hippy Ihey, tho luppiist nf thoir kind, , Whom gentle stars unite, and in one fa'o Their hearts, their furtunei and their beings j 1 bleud.* j I But, alas ! though early association and ? ! similarity of tastes and ages would seern I ! to have combined to render .Mr. Freeman ( ! and his wife blissful and happy, feelings , j apparently at war with nature rose up and | | ! mmltj Ihein miserable. After having lived t | together for some twenty.two years, and ; ( after having given to the world eleven! children, the marriage vow, mutually t?i- j ken. was broken, and the parties who; pledged themselves to live and love to- *' gether ir, sickness and in health?through * good and evil tortune?became severed, * disunited. I r reeirmn, it appears, became the sottish " slave of intemperance, and, as a nocessa- I1 ry cons'qm ncc, failed to discharge the s I v duties incumbent on every husband?on every father. The mother (Mrs. Free. C man)?hh mothers ever do?clang to her children, a.id used her every exertion to supply them with those necessaries and that education and protection which it was the duty of a father to provide. Freeman would sometimes come and take from hi9 wife the younger members of the family; and thia would eeem to have been done more with a view of her. rowing the mothe.'a feelings than for any paternal affection which he felt for hia cmidren. On one occasion he look off the young er children and placed them at the house of a sister of his. Their mother, feeling soiicitious for their welfare, sent one of her soiis, a young man seventeen years old, after them, who brought thein back to their mother. Th*y had not long left when Freeman returned to his sister's and ^ found them gone-?his mind dethroned by rum, and his soul tired by an unfounded jealousy, (for this cursed pasaion, too, preyed on him) he hastily seized his rifle, swearing that he would take the life of his own son ! He loaded his piece with two halls, hurried after his children with the design of spilling their blood, but failed to overtake them. Having so failed, and having determined to do a foul and bloody deed, he went on to the house of his wife, whom he found engaged at her domestic duties?he levelled his rifle at her, and ere she had time to 8ay,44 God have mercy on in*!" he lo Iged the fatal bullets in her body. She lived but a few hours afterwards. This, as we said on Tuesday was on the 10th of June, 1837. He fled. The authorities ef the state offered a reward for him, and he was taken in the state of Alabama. He was sent back and imprisoned in the district jail of Edgefleld. From lhn he managed to escape before the time for his trial came on ; and made his way through Tennessee and Mississippi to this city. Here, being an active rrinrhunir. he worked for a considerable #IU VII ?MW ? . ..w..y ?? ? icss. and returned the same evening to i neighbor's house in Lexington District, n the vicinity of the plantation, whero ic remained during the night. In (tie norning, after an early breakfast, he loft or the ferry where he usually crossed tho Jonguree; and from that time nothing .vas hoard of luni until Saturday evening ust, when his body was found in the rivr, about ten miles below this place, bearng evident marks tiiat violence had l?een isoii to cause his death. Ho was soerely bruised on the breast and shoulder, iiul a severe wound had lieen indicted on us neck, ?supposed to have heeu done vith ii hatchet or ux,? winch h <d comilctrly severed the tendons, and even eft an indentation of the vertehr*. His n.r*e had been previously found, and his addle, coat, waistcoat, boo's, aad watch i-eie discovered on ^a'tirday, ahout forty time with Mr. Sewell, tho builder, end in tho construction of the Nashville Railroad. But, though he found employment, found not peace?:he canker-worm of guilt gnawed at his heart, and the spirit of a murdered wife haunted hi* walking tbnugnf* and sleeping hour#. Urged on, therefore, hy n spirit of disquietude, he went to Texas ; troin thence he travelled with a caravan to Mexico?worked at various employment* there, but still*') per. torbed was his mind that the labor of the day brought not sleep to hi* eyelid*. In endeavoring to fly, ant were, from his own infamy, he came back to this city remained here wo know not how longleft and was making hi* way through tha interior of the state, when he was arrested in the parish of Rapides on the 15th instant And here a new feature in this extraordinary story presents itself to the reflective mind, and one showing forth, in color* too perceptible to be mist*U?nf the retributive justice that belongs to Omnipotence. At the time that Freeman murdered his wife, she had an only brother, named John Crawford, resoling in the State of Ah.lmmn. some Ave hundred miles distant from Rdgefield. Having heard of the fatal affair and of Freeman's escape from prison, he left ins home resolved to pursue him unto death and avenge a sisters blood. He followed "> his wake in this city, Texas, arid elsewhere; but never coul I he lay his eyes on him. After a four years'crusade of this kind ?end a holy one it was?he became broken in spirit and bankrupt in means. and with a View of recruiting both, he offered his services to Mr. Tanner of Rnpidia as an assistant or overseer, and in this capacity ho was when a providential fate? n?at aliapr* wr en''?, Rou,;!i hew ihem how wo wi'J"? Jrove Freemen in his path, who was then jn his way to Texas. N"w we come to a close. Crawford saw Freeman pass, hut had some doubt >f his identity. They soon vanished, lowevcr; and taking down his gun, and oqucsting Mr. Tanner to accompany urn, he followed after Freeman, and prleringhimto stand, he added?44 Well, Wiley Freeman. I have come up with r ou nt last!" The other, apparently in a late of paralysis, replied?44 Don't kill ne, Jack!? 1 give up. I did kill your iistcr, hut it was all Tompkins' fault!" fie was arrested, and is now on his vay to Sooth-Carolina, to make reparation o the laws oi his country for his bloody irnl inhuman deed. We wish him a ust deliverance. MUKDJCR. It becomes our raHancholly duty to ecord the murder of an estimable young nan named Daniot McCaskill, late an )versecr in the employment of Col. Richlrd Singleton, on one of his plantations n this District. He had visited Colum .;? \f imilnu thn I aril i nsf - on bllfM.