Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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??? ^ ' UK <tMMmn w ? ^ w^fl JJP *3lVOLUME VII. * CII^lAW. SOUTH-CAROUNA TUESDAY, MAY 17, 18li NUMBKR2^^| '*1Q?^ <? ^ - JH - J^ = ?a By. ff. niC LEAt. V ? m* ^ Timus:?Published weekly at three dollar* a ^Twr; with an addition, when not' paid within j 4B^brM months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscriber! may lake the paper at fire doll at* in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their paper* in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollar*, in advance. 1^0 year** subscription always due in advance. ^ ^^H>aper* not discontinued to solvent subscribers ^^Tarrear*. Jji Advertisement* not exceeding 1 filinl^Hlcrtcd.i or one dollar the first time, and fifty each ] absequogtt^mn. Foagn^ertimis at interval* of 1 two cent# .-JH; the first, and a dollar T if th? interval* are longer. Payment due in stdaaoce for advertisement*. When the number 9/f insertion* is not marked on the copy, the advertisement will bo i trior ted, and churged lil crdered out. D*The post a je must be paid on loiters to tha editor on the business of the ? From tba Farmer.' Register. TDK FARM AND FARMING OK THK RKV. J. j H. TURNKR.?NO. I. To the Editor of the Farmers' Register. In the last (February) number of the Farmers' Register, I am personally railed jk on by my highly respected frieml, Dr. Dupuv, for a general detail of my mode of farming. This cell is also seconded by the worthy editor himself. Being thus #L . 4fc_Pu^bclv and respectfully railed on, I do ^^^M^gn^herctore, a man i??" .. tfflriH9?sfiH9^fe:nn cultivate well, furnishing Maw improving mode of, nnc^ besides this. a* as well supply materials! his enclosures and fuel, ail besides is j mere expense without any profit, I could now, did it not seen invidious, point ; (to many splendid estates, which, so far from paying a fair profit, do not yield two per cent, on the original cost nnd fix. ! tures; nav, some, I verily believe, bring , the proprietors in debt every year. And J what can be the reason of this ? It is not because there is not space enough to op. \ erate on, it is not because the lands are I so poor as to be absolutely unproductive, j nor is it because there is not sufficient force to cultivate them; but it is simply he. cause there is more capital involved than be turned to a profitable account. I pnean that the land, the labor, the stock, and the necessary fixtures have altogether amounted to a sum on which the products can pay nothing. This, therefore, must necessarily he a losing concern. > Besides, these overgrown estates re. quire every thing on a corresponding scale. The house, the stables, the garden, the pleasure grounds, the dinings must all be large. But these large things cannot b? called into existence for nothing; nor can they be continued for Epothing. Large establishments always B Dfa*1"* large expenditures. Whilst the income ia large, the outgo pot feel at liberty to refuse. Un the [ jU^^^Hblher hand, I promptly and cheerfully m n J?v. an<l, in mv turn, I call on the and hop<? thai you and he will call H successful farmers lu imi^^BBK|^^|PexWn pie. * B Heed;' I have lorg thought that this of tho very best modes to diffuse Br?rV1?^^-;' Rif>I agricultural information among We very HcfflB^^M^Wfv^agricnltura! periodicals circulaH neurcont^'; and i have no doubt best expedient for increasing fl fcircuUtinn and usefulness is, for , H ?) farmers generally to do just am called on to do at this time, g Bp^rqfe, and i must in justice to tnvself < tnat 1 do feel a great reluc. n11?tf "?vm4f in the ororni. ' nhirh I mn<t necessarily such a communication. Were ^ inclination alone, I would i ; HH^MKAtin occti^ the same quiet re. 11 hitherto enjoyed. Hut 1 I ttp" ' 1 there is I^Pfree-iiiasoimry a> MSgMjPg farmers. If they have any thing ( |$ Bf is valuable, wh 'ther it bo animal, , W^mg|^^Bd, implement, or information, they are i || Bfejpvilling to share the benefits of it i ||j||g^y^hctr fellow farmers. The only diffi. is to fifing them to the pen. They ' by the hour, or oven the day, I ( I C[u irritc is a labor from which they i , ,U to bo excused. 1. in common with 1 . ^EgflflflHraFhavc this Mine feeling; and with i HP1 ao strong, that it requires no little {i B to shake it oft. Rut I will try, and J J I T{ can be of any service to this good and especially if I can call out <M:t?r an(i other judicious farmers in ( WT:sainc wav, 1 shall feel that I have ac. Komplished a great and good work. With these remarks, ( shall at once |j ^gH^^^Broceed to the thing in hand. And here J H will not. through false modesty, disguise B fact that I have been successful in ^^^^^Hrarmtng. This success, under (void. I | ^reSgflftnainly ascribe to two things. The | S^^^^Bnrsi is, that from the beginning, I en. ' deavcrcd carefully to avoid the faults, or n mistakes, if you please, into which II clearly saw that many others had fallen, f And the second is, that I was careful to avail myself of all the local advantages ' which my peculiar situation afforded. Under the first head I will mention, as a palpable fault, I may even call it the cry. ing and ruinous sin of farming, the great, I the excessive quantities of land that many ! are anxious to encumber themselves with. I call all that land excessive, and} even worse than useless, w hich ihe owner cannot f'irn?nr ^ fii?i.in t_| - Uo n.' much i fc i* still largor. And hence it is that these ^^freat estates have often chaitged hands in less than three generations. Another great error into which many farmers fall is, that they undertake more than they can accomplish. They plant more than they can cultivate. The j consequence is, thai the ground being' badly prepared, and the culture defective,! the crop must necessarily be a poor one. I have nc doubt that tho same manure a*nd less than half the labor, expended on j a few acres, would often produce more i than the whole fann, cultivated as it now < is. Connectod with this I will mention, ' that many farmers keep more servants and more stock than they can employ in ( a profitable way. The master must have s his groom to saddle his horse; and the l mistrees must have her maid to do up her < caps, and her house-keeper to carry her j1 keys; and then, jointly, thoy must have i their carriage driver, and tootinan, and ! { butler, and dining-room servant, and j nurse for every child, and laundresses, and t meat cooks, and pastry cooks, and scul- * lions, and head gardener, and under gar- 1 dener, and I know not how many domes- ? tics besides, and all these with one or more apprentices under them. Then a 4 ^ I krtrena nap. I Ifierc IllU.ni UU uir sauiliu Iiwiau9t uuu toe I riage horses, and the bobtml ponies for c young master and young mistress to ride, t Now all this looks very well on paper; c but the question is, who can support it ? " Or if things do not proceed to the extreme J 1 stated above, it is a well known fact, p that farmers do generally keep more ser- s vants and more horses, and more dogs, t and other mere matters of ploasure, than v they have any use for. ' Now I had observed these and other " kindred faults, and, when I became a ' farmer, I determined to avoid them; and j reared as I was to habits of labor and o- } r ponomv. I found no great difficulty in 1 a doing so. Aiy first purchase was therefore a . e very small one. 1 bought just so much land t rnn I thought, with my means, I could bring u speedily into profitable cultivation. The \ capital so far invested was a small one ; nor c i cj it require ?ny nuiLav in ditching, I ???osiuc, manuring, labor, and every tnirf? n also necessary to use. 1 however inade a t ;reat many mistakes, which subsequent ex- t porirnce enabled me to correct. One I will E nen'ion I ii preparing for my little corn crop, p I applied my manure in the drill, and not b broadcast. This will do where t lie crop is a co*n, and corn alone, but will not do *hen ; h t is to be followed by subsequent crops. | < r iaw iny mistake, and never aiterwards repea. ' t< :ed it This pan of spreading a little ma- j n dure or a little labor over a large surface can- t riot be loo strongly reprehended. It is mere / waste; whereas, il it he confined to proper g [unit*, we at once derive the benefits of it. n I ought to mention, that at the time allud- | ti ?d to above, I was ei gagqd in other business { in town. Ttrs 1 regarded: as rny main pur- n =uit, whilst the farm was resorted to for a. j t' inusetneii'. i had fancied to myself, that after | a (pending a sultry day in town, it would he j t very pleasant to resort to rny country estab- j li lishinent in the afternoon^ and there regale j I" my senses with the beautiful fields and frag- [ * grant flowers. But I soon found that a farm, i ' even a small one, wi J not suffer itse f to be , I trekted as a plaything. Do what you w II. j I it w'ill maintain its,.solid iin,.ortence?ii will j' ill yentr pocket or empty it. j 1 I must also men'ion. that the interest which i 1 I took in my farm was of a constantly increas- i J ing character. Infant, it soon took such a strong hold upon my thoughts and affections, j ' that 1 was rendered unfit for any other pur- | 1 suit. The other business, therefore, in which I was engaged, became iutolerably irksome. I began ;t late, and I despatched it as rapiJIy as possible. I was now engaged in two pur- j suits, the one was a mere drudgery, the other j was my delight. It will create no surprise i then when ! state, that I soon snook off my town employment, and gave myself wholly to | the delights of the farm. Instead of short ; mornings and afernoons, 1 now spent whole i days in my darling pursuits. I But it would be tedious to detail the vari. j ous source? of new enjoyment w hich now pre- j sonted themselves to me. Iff planted a seed, i I wished 'o witness its earliest vegetation j and if I set out a shrub or plant, 1 wished to inhale the first fragrance of the opening flow- | i?r-_ I even thought the shade of my own j tree, or TTTS 'UMugtrt of mrtrr (??? my own , well, more cooling and refreshing than any | other. >lnd I am sure that I never enjoyed, the exquisite relish offrrit in all its perfecfion, : J until I plucked it from the tree of rny own {i planting. | < But before I quit tho subject of thcce plea* j 1 sure farm-1. I thirk it proper to say a little j1 about them. The impressions, I know is -1 - * /vf niiw i very genera; among u<e gooa cm^uo ui , towns that such establishments mav be resor. 11 ted to as pi area of mere pleasure. They 1 figure to themselves a pretty white cottage, 1 with green window shutters, in the very midst of neatness and beauty itself. Here are shrubs, and flowers, and odoriferous!; plants, and here every thing is beautiful and sweet and fragrant. Then tins earthy para, j dise is so located, that a ride or walk of an I hour will carry the fortunate proprietor to his j business in town. Oh! how delightful to place i wife and children in this beautiful spot during | the sultry months of summer? ] admit that! innneevent,and one only, it would he so,1 j and that is wheie a large property has al- j i ready been acquired, or where the present j j business is so lucrative as to sustain the ex- j pense. Withont this, such a place is a mere J i moth; it is a constant and rapid drain upon : ! the former or present earnings. It is then : the very last thing in which the man of mod. I erate circumstances onght to think of indulgj mg. In fact, I know no instance in which j this double business has succeeded. One es. i tablishment <s invariably a drain upon the I j other. But whilst I say this, mr exprience war j rants me in adding, that the man of industri ous and persevering nanus, may bo buccccu j on h* small farm, as to justify hirn in giving | up hi* to* n buiiiice*. Accordingly, when I was drawn to the eo^^^, f rl^Bf farmingmy only pursuit. Jn the cour? of a few years, i cleared the whole of my first purchase and so enriched it as to make its cultivation profitable. 1 then bought more land; and as more labor became necessary f added it also, but always in small quantities at any one time, making it my invariable rule to improve as I preceded. Thus I.continued until, before I was aware, I fell into the eornmon error of farmers: f got ton much land A considerably | portion of my farm may now be fairly called | a garden spot. Just that much I consider profit ible and just that much I ought to own, and no more. *The residue, which is too poor or too wet to bring a profitable crop, is a mere Incumbrance to my little estate, and I should hettur riff* without it. Having now detailed certain great evila which! endeavored to avoid?all of which may be summed op in one word?excess of '.ajiiifil?J will nnu>' a/tvwrt certain other things which I thought it of equal importance lo practice. In this view I would present, as claiming the very first rank, what I would call a system ofjudiciona economy. And here I wish it to be distinctly understood, that by this :erm I do not mean a niggardly spirit, nor i stinting in any form whatever. I mean hat, whilst every body and every thing has a lufficiency, there be nothing waited. This wstem I hare earnestly endeavored to estab> ish on my farm. In tnis, I have had to row igainst wind and tide. There seems to be n the negro an inna'e propensity to profusion; ve see it displayed in his food, in his clothes, md even in the comforts which are enclnsivey his own, and in all the departments which :ome under his direction. This propensity, I lelieve. can never be effectually counteracted; )Ut the injury resulting from it may be in ome measure obviated, by the constant viglance of the master. But the economy which is ordinarily most irofitabie on a farm, consists not in mere avlng, but in lopping off all useless expendiures. It is in vain to save at one point, vhi.'st a greater loss is sustained at another, have long been convinced that it is only the peculator of gambler who can make or lose i fortune at a dash. The farmer's wealth lever comes to him borne in on the torent. t is always wafted on the small and gentle ill; and he i* the best manager who conducts . great many of these little rills in'o one genral reservoir. The whole machine should h-refore be soconstucted, and kept in such I rder, that all the parts Imay work together. iVhilst industry is employed in creating, eon imv should be equally busy in taking care, n accordance with this, I make it a rule in lJ T/n "-"j L,'-k*?0"??n dispense with erery hmg that does not in some way or other conribute to our immediate comfort or pront. Jvery servant and every horse has full ern loyfiiont. I keep no breeding women nor rood marc. Ifl want a negro, I buy hiui Iready raised to my hand, and if I want a orse or mule I buy him also. Now I will eadily admit that it will not do for every body o practice on this Shaker principle; but in ly peculiar situation, (of which more hereaf. I pr,) I think it cheaper to buy than to raise. Lt my house, therefore, tliero are no noisy roups of mischievous young negroes to feed; or are there any flocks of young horses to aaintain. Thero is another propensity among our egroea, always annoying, and sometime* at* ended with considerable loss {q the master, indtbatis a disposition *o pilfer. Perhaps here is no farmer, especially among thoee iving near our towns, but is put to ipore or ess inconvenience on thi? core. Jn common vith others, I have suffered considerably from t, particularly in the loss of my pig* and shoals, t so happeued, that if I took a special fancy or any pig, some rogue took an equal faney or ilie same; and, somehow or 0'her, he conrived to strengthen his fancy by " the nine joints of the law." His fancy thus became itronger than mine, and I was obliged to yield, l'h's inconvenience I resolved to remedy, but he difficulty was to set about it m the right way. Alter rputb reflection. I became convinced that my own negroes were the roguis, >r that they convinced at it in others. The ihing could not happen so often without tbeir tnowlehge or concurrence. Whether, therefore, principals or accessaries, my own negroes were guilty, and the remedy was directed to ihein. With a view to this, I resolved to lake from tliem all apology for stealing, as far as necessity was concerned- I regularly gave lo them an ample sufficiency of substantial food?bread?without stint, and meat, besides fish, to the amount of four pounds per week. And here let me indulge a passing remark, that of all the hogs I have ever seen, none is to compare to the Berkshire; for besides a fine round,juicy ham for the master, it furn. islies a large fat middling for the negro And this is precisely the kind of meat which is suited to him. But to return to my expedient. My negroes were a*sownu*r ble as to their clothing and lodging. In addition to these things, which I had reason to be. i- ?l._ ....I.I ,a ttinip finrW/. I rp8. [K.'ve Kiev WUUIU Itgam ac ...... Dived to allow them other indulgences, which they could but consider as privileges. Accor. dingly, every one is allowed a email piece of food land, which he cultivates as his own. The crop which grows here is the negro's crop, and I exercise no control over it whatever. Wh :n the land is broken up for my crop, the negro is allowed time to break up his also; and when my crop is planted or cultivated, his is also; and when mine is gathered, he gathers his, and measures it in my presence, and I commonly become the purchaser. Some persons, I am aware, object to the patching system, alleging that it furnishes facilities for stealing; but mah*ffed above, I cannot think it fairly, subject to that objection. On the other hand, good consequences, as I think, result from it. It makes my negro satisfied, and it gives him an interest interest in his home which he cannot otherwise have. But, besides his patch, I allow toearh )aboring hand a barrel of corn, or its equivalent in money, and the tim* of settlement is bis great holiday, Christmas. At this time, above all others, our negroes are anxious to have some spending money. Now, by means of this boon, ao highly priced by them, I believe that I have succeeded in keeping my negroes perfectly honest fur the last four or 6ye years. The practical working of the th'ng's 'othis if a denudation is committed, ftO ItUUitr by uifurrn, my negroes are responsible for it, and double its value is deducted from t he Christmas present; or if a tool has been lost, iis value is deducted in the same manner. If, | however, the thief ia given up, and at) have an ] interest in his detection, the whole responsibility rests on him, and he others are of course exonerated. By this means / also secure my property from the depredations of the neighboring, negroes. Thus, a few barrels of corn are made the means of saving my property to perhaps ten times the amount, the whole year; and I am also spared the necessity of frequent chastisements. This plan has thus far succeeded so much to my satisfaction, that /determined to state U publicly; and I am very much inclined to the opinion, that were it made gsnaral, it would go a great w ay towards breaking up the whole system of thieving a? mong our servants. I But / have written enough, and perhops too much, for one piper. From tho abovo it will be seen that, an a foundation for ruv firming operation*, I bare endeavored to avoid vice sive ?rjd injurious outlays m hnd, negroo*. stock, and the other necessary fixtures. The whole tuay be summed up ir. TTTis snort renxencr. Tk. capital iavolvod is as small, as compact, and as available as I could make it. If in the detail I have given to myself a prominency which a becoming modesty would forbid, my plea is, that I have stated the truth, and I could not in can* dor atate less. If this apology is not sufficient, I rely on you, Mr. Editor, and on my good friend. Dr. Dupuy, to supply the deficiency. In my next (for having commenced. I know no' when I shall quit,; I propoie detui ing my plan for enriching my fariu. J. II. Tcaxt.a. From the Cultivator. EPIDEMIC AMONG HORSF3. A disease has prevailed this season, very extensively throughout New England, destroying many valuable horses. No name, so far as I have learned, has been assigned to this ail; it i9, evidently, inflammatory. Its premonitory symptoms are lassitude, stiffness and swelling of the joints, loss of appetite, and occasional running at tho eyes. These symptoms in flA!fAPA rases, bv swelling H? lUllvn vv(| in vu v vi v r w of the head and the glands of the throat, accompanied with considerable fever.? The most successful treatment has been, bleeding in the neck, to the amount, ai least, of one gallon ; (this should he done in the formiug stage of the disease,) and followed by one or more brisk cathartics of Glauber or Epsom salts, When this treatment sufficiently subdues the inflammation, the animal should be given, during his convalescence, a tea spoon full of crude antimony, daily. CoHtoocoohilU,teVFrom the Kentucky Farmer. FORCING FRUIT TRRF.S JO BEAR. Greenup co , Ky.f March 3, 184*2. Dear Sir?Having addressed you an epistle a fortnight ago, I did not at that timo intend to write you again until 1 saw your consents upon the project pro. posed in that letter, but being under the conviction that I could npt write too much for the good honest-hearted yeomanry of the land, provided I keep in the limits of valuable informatiqn, ( have, by the idea of facilitating the labor of the producing man in some measure, been prompted to address you at this time, the main object of which is to apprise the agcultural community of a novel mode of raising apples. 1 do not wish to be un * 1 41 4 * ? ?I U II Cr\r if derstooa inai n is novei mm an, ?*/. .? his been practised in Europe for many years, by the farmers in Germany in particular, who probably are the inventors; but I mean that it is novel to me, and if not to all, in my knowledge is at least not practised by them. The steps to be taken by the farmer to force his fruit tree to bear, as it is termed, are of a very aimI pie nature and can necessarily be executed by any person who turns his hand to it without the aid of a practical operator, further than a description of the process. I hope, therefore, that my agricultural friends will not deem the description which I am about to give of the process to force trees to bear unnecea*arily minute. With a sharp knife (the blade of a penknife is the best) make a cut in the hark of the branch which is meant to be forced to bear aid not more than eight 01 nine inches from the place where jt is connected with the stem, or if it is a small branch or shoot, near where it is joined tr the large bough, (three inches or less,] the cut is to go round tha branch, or tc encircle it, and penetrate to the wood.? I mn?i h* taken not to cut the wood which would necessarily cause detriment to the branch or shoot operated upon. A quarter of an inch or nearly from the firs! cut make a second in the same way rounc the branch or shoot, so that both encir cling the branch or shoot, a ring is former thereon a quarter of an inch broad be tween the two cuts. The bark betweer these two cuts is now taken clean awn} with the small blade of a penknife, dowi to the wood, removing even the fine inne bark, which immediately lies upon th< wood, so that no connexion whatever re mains between the two parta of the bark hut the bare and naked wood appear white and smooth; but this bark ring, t< compel the tree to bear, must be made a the time when the buds are strong!; swelling, just before breaking out int< blossom. In the same year of tKis opera tion a callus is formed at the edges o *1 " L-'1* ? ?.?w4 tho rnnriHiini tne ring on uuui nuo*, a.au of (he bark that had been interrupted i restored again without any detriment t the tree or branch operated upon, ur whicl the artificial wound soon again gmw over. By this simple, though artificial means of forcing every fruit tree with ; certainty to bear, the moat importnn advantage will be obtained by thoee wh watch the time nature is ripe for it*. Thrc i year9 ngo (the time when F wa< first in-| formed af this singular way of forcing trees to bear.) I made an experiment on ; an apple tree. Beingsom^vhat cautious j of humbuggerv I confined the experiment I i to one branch of the tree, which waa about a fourth part of the whole top of it. I did not notice it until May. I had par* tially forgotten it, as I had but little faith in its having any effect toward ma* king the tree bear, and called by rather to see if the limb which I had cut was not dead than to observe any thing else; but to my astonishment I found the limb which I had expected to find dead, in a vigorous state of life, with as much young fruit on it, apparently, as all the rest of (UA t OA* r, I 4 \ llic UCQi Vil C.\ailllNIII^ i UC VUUIJg llUlif | I found that on the branch which 1liad cut to be sound and firm, while that en the other parts of the tree were dwindled and very much decreased. I expected at first that it was owing to the cqt which I t had made on the branch, but I satisfied 1 myself by oxamining other trees which I i found to be in the same way, and which I found shortly afterwards to be falling off. In September, when I gathered the apples, I found that the branch of the tree which I had made the experiment on, had five bushels on it, and the rest of the tree had not above one bushel on it, and that was inferior fruit. I would therefore recommend that farmers who have orchards would try the experiment. It would be well for them to he particular in the operation at first for fear of damaging the tree, William R. Thompson. . manures. In answer to some inquiries of a corres* j pendent, the Editor of the American Far* | mer gives the following advice, 1. As to ihe quantity of each kind of manure necessary to act benefically. On Clays not exhausted, where lime may be necessary, a hundred bushels to the acre should be applied. On clays, whose fertility may have been exhausted, by ever cropping, or from any , other cause?or whicv may neverj have been fertile-wW/n. " ~ to the acre win t>e TouTSnto be eBough for ,u. pplication, a dose of the saine quantity to be repeated, after such land may have been carried through a course of rotation of crops 2. On loams in good heart, a handred bushels pflime may be applied not only in safety, but with decided advantage. Un exhausted loams, from 40 to 50 bushels to the acre is enough; to be repeated as a above directed for infertile clays. 3. On Sand and gravels we think that 50 bushels is enough lime to the acre; to be repeated under the same circumstances as above. 4. Of bafn-yard or stable manuie, or composts, whether to be applied to clays, h>ams, gravels or sands, it is our opinion that less than twenty double horse cart loads of the capacity of 40 bu. each should not be applied. To be sure, from 10 to 14 would tell, but then we question much, | whether one acre with 20 loads, would j not produce as much as two manured with half that quantitity to the acre. If so, economy would suggest the propriety of giving a larger dose, because, half the i l-.Kstr wmiM h? thus saved. ?U?/"I ? ? ? 5. On all lands which naturally lay dry, or which have baen made so, planted in corn, or set to clover, we would sow a ' bushel of plaster to the acre. [. Thirdly, Mode of applying the differ* kinds of manure ] 1 J. Lime and plaster should be sown on 1 the surface. \ 2. Barn- Yard stable and compost man. 1 urea, should be spread broadcast, and ! ploughed in to the depth of three inches, ! in stiff lands, aud say four inches in light soil. 1 This, however, is a disputable question, ' and the opinion seems to he gaining ' strength .and friends that all such mnnures ) will prove most benificial when applied ' as a top-dressing. This opinion is enter. ' tained hy gentlemen of great experience ? and judgement; hut we doem it due to ' candor to say, that we have not yet seen 1 any thing in the way of experiments, to t shake our belief in the oppsite opinion. If ' the food of plants is, in part, recieved in a gaseous form, and we believe it is, much 1 of this portion of their sustenance will escape, if the manure be left on the sur. face, subject to the drying of the sun and atinoar phcre. nor will a littlo of its virtues be washed i away, and consequently lost by the rains. Rut as we are open to conviction we shall hold ourtelf prepured to p ofit by the light of others. - While on the suhj.-ct of manures we may say a few words upon marl. This manure may be used according to its quality and the character of the land upon which it may be placed, in quantities varying from 40 to 60 double horse 5 cart loads the aero. The heavier kinds, clay or t stone wo should presume to be best adapted to p light sods, the sholl marl, tenacios soils. On ^ these, besid ? the bonefit arising from the lime u/hie.h thev contain such soils would be greatly * inprored in texture. Where, howerer, tlie jliell ' marl may not be procurable, the other* should be 1 lined, no matter what the character of the land 51 } oe its condition would bn intmentely moliorated ' -j 0 I by the calcareoun principle CQIIMIUOU HWIBMK ^ SALTPETRE AND NITRATE OF SODA. 8 Boston, Apr# 27* 1842. '* To the Editor of the Conn. Farmer's Go8 zetUu it \ Sir.?I nr?t:ced an article copied from ? rem interesting and nsefal paper, recommending S t!ie uso^f ealtpetro ^nitrate of j"ytash)'\t\ to'.'iXvan for teed corn. The fkcti stated cle copied from the Wutertowu^^Hfrdsro highly interesting: and as the use^H^Hts for manure is important to every farme^^Ri induced to to nod you s?mo additional Wi^L with special reference to their value as a BpiTewemg to the growing plant. A The Muck Manual, recently pablisW Dana, of Sowel, contains some curioS detatlSuMk of experiments in the use of the diiferAt kinl| of salts to the 'and that gre well woclhyYthe trnti<?n of every farmer, and it is to beytofll | that the experiments there recommended will est be forgotten during the coming season. 1 Salt P<'tre and Nitrate of Soda have beta extensive y used in Great Britain as a top dree* sing f?r grass and corn crops. By the last ae* counts we learn that 2o,000 tons! of the Mif.n fu of un/ln Ufnro anM in f r\ r./L.n .III 111*1 (4 \\J vi ovuu " V m#?vi m T"ir'tf nw* ring 1941, tor agricultural purpose*, and we have various accounts of experiments and favorable results from it* use, a lew of which I will subjoin. The proper quantity of Salt petce or of Nitrate ot Soda (called by some American petre) to the acre is 1 1-2 cwt. (t is considered good on all kinds of grass and grain crops, but on turnips and root crops generally it has failed. One gentleman in Yorkshire county applied 1 ton on turnips and meadow land; on the turnips it entirely failed, but on tbe roeadqw land its effects were astonishing. In the course of nine or ten days it could l<t seen to an in :h where it had been sown, and at the time of mowing, the land^HH where Nitrate had been sown produced^Hfl I one-third more than the other parts the meadow. On the land of Earl Spencer,? soil, with a small pro portH part a field wheat, salt petre per acre was | Its effect was very visible in the coors^^^^H | a week, and the result upon thrn|H|^^^H was 7 1-2 bushels per acre, besideSH^V^J siderahle increase of straw, the Salt petre land. Othet experiments couid^^^^DH^^^H I time copy them, lish the utility ofthiskindof topdrufl^aHH for grass or grain crops. i y-?1?- Omim and the^flj^Hj^^H ( potash, should be ground applied to the land. I should advise those who to these them to the growing manner that they would seed, at the rate of 1 Salt petre can be the Sea.port is i bags* of 112 pounds, ttn<nH I at 88, per bag. Any J| I scriber* who are disposed J| B manures can be supplied me at No. 42 North Jf* p. From e Farmers Reei^|^ H EXTRACTS PROM THE PROCEfl^H^^^^H^H WEXTHAM (RNG.) fARM At the following meeting,tflH^H^^^B was, " Qn the application soda, and its effects as a ma rWRfl I member introducing it, rflated I ing experiment he had to " March the rrate of soda at half a cwt. pe^c^^H^^HH bout half a field?missed two *tr9 I then sowed the remainder of theV H with a cwt. per acre. On the May, the land sown with tho half chHH only was again sown with half a cwt. |XHHj acre mure, excepting one stretch* leaving the two stretches without any; i* a few days a great difference was pereep* tible, both in color and strength of the wheat between the land aqwn with sit* rate and that not sown; and there was aba an evident difference in the stretch sow* ' with a half a cwt. only, being much paler in color, and not so strong in plant as the land sown with the cwt. per acre?<and so continued till harvest. At harvest, mea> sured one-third of an acre from the two stretches left unsown, and the quantity from two sown stretches adjoining ; each ! crop was harvested and thrashed separatej ly, and the result was, an increase at (he rate of five bushels and seven pints of wheat, and two and a half cwt. of straw per acre on the nitrnted part ahova that not nitrated. This experiment was anad* on light land, a pea stubble mocked far the wheat, which lost the color very mesh in the dry month of April, and bectmra very weak in plant previous to the nitrate being applied, but approved very rapidly I afterwards." I He had also applied it to barley and oats, without receiving much benefit, is of opinion that applying it to land deep staple and already in a good likely to be injurious by piodu?i|^^^H^H luxuriant a growth of straw, aod t9 H thm loinjuie iUH ijuumj ui increasing the quantity. * Tnr papera from are ra<id? agricultural Such due pr"piratior^HI^^^9^H^^^^^B^^HB agricultural aneiety. reported, would aloDBj^^H^^^HH^^H even on* most oaefulgfcf^HB^^^^^HHH to the interesting i urged the1Virginia this eaa*y and agree I looting and diffSamg th*>