Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, April 26, 1842, Page 298, Image 2
n tl??: f T've '-.' R^gfistflr
*+*irEyfrict from an Address to the rK*nir?ha%
*Mason, and Cahll X^rlcuhural Society.
- (rt'l/'Uidoj-'C, .\oc. 11. l^H.
IiV WEN. PiCTE? H. S'TKKN'HRItGN, OK M.V?O.V
CO "X "V.
It is difficult tor m? to d termino what
... topic wojild In: m<?>t aecep:ahle to tinimjority
of my friends present This
bung lite first meeting held in vourcoun.
tv, and its good effects, if any, intended
for your improvement, I have thought it
best to take a review ofsomo peculiarities
existing in your soil, some causes operating
to your benefit or injur?, and thus
rr>*rectness and truth will he 'q tally ap
j?'icahlc to all sections placed unde r similar
circumstances. With your lands I
a n w?ll acquainted. I will now notice
' tiie various shades and character of soil
that your large county furnishes; and in
doing ?o I !>og of vcu to believe, that
iy whntovcr remarks I may tn ike are pre.
* dieted upon a judgment matured and
formed hv a comparison of thin section
with that of others 111 our country.
* Commencing then at this place, the
town of(ruyundotte, mid descending the
river, you are first struck with tho intfn*
- f ? 1 U t /v #
ito varteiv or sou vom ,
first alluvial, then an elevated table of
sandy land, and sunken ponds resting on
h substratum of clay impervious to water.
'J' ic uplands bordering on thcae art! of
rxccdlant quality for gross or xmail grain. 1
% Lo what way can the owners of s ion v t.
riouf grade* of soil l>e*t improve them ?
flow should tliry ho managed? How
K ' can their fertilitv ImniOst readilv incrcas.
jL,. rd *
T will notice .hem in tho order named''
?- Alluvial, first in character and vttun, ,
resting on>the river front Mnd extending
to tho wet land or slash. This is the !
most oasi'y reclaimed if exhausted hy ;
cultivation. Nothing more is r..quired !
than deep ploughing and grass. Sou i
heavily with clover, graze lig itly, and I
tjne till: *cvtlie to prevent weeds from maturing
Feed hay, cornstalks or straw
ou it, and von will soon recover a1! its!
' lo*t fertility. Your wet laud presents two |
varieties the ono an open prairie pond, !
- * ? .? *l...
origirwnr rmrrreu v? un wuc , ....... ,
% . . '
clothed with timber, I believe the art |
??r?*?:in ha* never yet invented any wan* !
of r?*tttlcri?ig such lands available to rise. j
Tiii purposes without lir^t draining. Wa. j
ter irnjtnvrrifliea as rapidly as cultivation.
l*i vain you w ill look for the healthy a-.
^0 ?tion of plants on land saturated with tv?t?%
or reap the ameliorating influouee of
fiosta in pulverising yotir *nil and adapting
it to the growth of vegetables.
.Such land in every instance should b< j
well drained, hy either noon or secret i
f . 1 j
. ditches, using such as your resource* will j
most readily command. If Anly thrown
up in beds in the direction of the slope,
sod +he centre furrows well cleared, the i
surface water will pass off, adding much >
to the valve an 1 production of the lands, i
. Your open prairie ponds are exceeding- ;
?s?: inrrlv rich, abounding in vegetable inat. i
, f- pv - ? (
tor, at.d when thoroughly drained and t
acted on by the sun and frost, will yield )
mast abundantly. I am convinced that !
the ?nrnco of all wet laiidu, when reclaim*d,
??inks and tbr*e ponds more than any |
ofher, occasioned bv a greater decompo
nition on their exposure to the atoms- '
pfioro. Hence open ditches*, that when :
first cut answered the purpose, w ill have ]
repeatedly to he d' epcneil as your land j
settles; f,*r you need expect no per ma. j
ncnt improvement until vmi have thor- <
oughlv commanded the water.
On the subject of wet land, and llv i
great importance of thorough draining, I j
havo neve/ seen a better illustration of j
its happy effects, than an anecdote given i
hy the Jrte Judge Buel. "An aequain-1
tanc? rafted upon a Scotch farmer,
whose farm bad been under-drnmc \ and
being informed that the improvement
coat sixteen d dlars an acre, till hav.ng <
hwn used remarked that it was a cosily
improvement. 4Yes," was the farmer's
repiv, 4 but it cost a deal mair no! fo rfo {?V j
whirh he illustrated hv poin.ing to an ad- !
joining Harm, like situated, which had not
been drained, and wu* overgrown with j
rushes and sedgegrass, and then to his ,
own fields teeming with luxuriance and i
rich in the indications of an abundmt;
harvest."
Those elevated tables of snndv land, 1
no common to the Ohio, many of which '
now look lik<* tho *t?rilo, nnd worn '
f?ut fields of th? lower part of tho slate !
have once, as I have often been informed j
by the first settlers, been the most bcauti i
fit! part of all our bottoms. Before tho!
hand of man had thrown tr.em op>*n to |
the sun, they were carpeted with wild
grass and pea vines, looking like some j
splendid park, with all its undergrowth '
removed, well stocked with deer. Settle. ;
ment* commenced. those Jnnds were soon !
cleared: hilt the constant n?d immense ,
^ I
demands for grain to supply the Konlucky I
drover-*, impelled their owners to the ruin
nog practice of repeated and continued
corn raising, until they hove nearly ex- ;
hausted the whole life blood from them, !
it wdl now r rpiire that mode of treatnent
which modern science in improve. :
oient has taught wiii ?ueeess fully reclaim j
their fertility.
I labored oodm a strange delusion
when I fir>t settled iivto this country.
Wo have lands on our farm exactNf siuiilur
to those I am now freerihing, and we i
then believed them almost useless, that
in consefpictJiU' of tin i open sandy char- |
acter nothing could be dune to ronton*
them, fc'hrn once .exhausted, or eve n to
I J#. /?rnns. eh-ared )
**"1T | HTvd
brought into ;u:tivr? u?o.
U*t piii&vthat1^ Qa?i J?vise for t\c '
I huncfit of the owners of such property, i?.|
j io give our own experience, when placed
I exactly under similar circumstances.
1 vouch for the 'accuracy of every j
; statement here made, a fid would thank {
j gentlemen to call 01 us and have an occul- J
ar demonstration of its correctness. W hen j
i my connexion, llr. Beat, first got posses- ;
; sion of his farm, a tenant had previously
1 cleared about thirty acres of his sandy
j land, and had then absolutely worn it out,
tlie last crop of rve he sowed producing
: less than five bushels to tho acre. The ;
i whole of tiiits field was covered with run. j
nirg. and tho fence corners filled with J
; standing; briers; not on^ffiglc spear of;
grass sprung up or made its appearance j
, on any part of the improve men is. He 1
then possessed no other cloured land, all
the balance of his estate being an entiro
fores. On this spot he placed his dwelling,
And then the question arose with j
h.m, what was the first move to restore |
trc f rt lity of this land 1 How shall j
I accomplish it? Where are mv resources
i of manure to come from ? The hahincc
i of mv land is in words, and I must make ?
this land, hy its ow n recuperative encr.
gv, spring into life and usefulness again, j
; Ho commenced operations hy applying j
his strops horses to a good plough obtain- ;
ed from Pittsburgh, and breaking tho soil
deeper than ever his tenant had pr^viously
jdoughed, sowed small g-ain in Sop.
timber 'with clover and timothy. Yes,
timo hy ?>:i that poor sand bank! Mi st .
of the seed grew. A sorry crop ofgrain !
fol owed of course, hot Ids grass seed had j
fortunately taken wo!!, and in that he i
saw the germ of future fertility. It was \
lightly gazed the first year; tho scythe ;
applied to the brier* in August. (lis i
stock added hy their droppings a power- '
ful auxiliary well prepared.
That grass remained three year*, Rtih. j
joot to the same treatment, and was then !
turned under. A wheat crop followed, :
tli.V, I well recollect, was abundant. (
Clover and finiothv were again sown, 1
?
wit i soirn green,sward that he obtained
from Kentucky. By this time he had ;
cleared some of his front bottoms, and j
commenced feeding bus fodder from them '
on tnose exhausted fields, now Well sot '
"in sod. The process of feeding in the I
winter, and mowing any briers or weeds j
that spring up in tho summer, was continned
until he loft ou country and pas. ;
scd his estate to his son. At that time I
ttiose exhausted sandy fields were brought
to such a state of fertility, that the green. 1
awa.d ha* tuke*n entire possession of HII 1
lie cloier and timothy, and whs. aeon ,
lodging in nil directions over the field, .
having erad cit. il entiro'v the briers, !
leaving not one ntalU as ? memorial of it* ji
former desolation. ji
Now for the benefits and subsequent (
profits tint hia aon I?;im boon enabled to j
enjoy, from the admirahlb course of treat. |
ment formerly given to this land. He !
ploughed ail up, and took two successive j
crops ofcorn, each averaging at least fifty j
hushoU to the acre. It was then sown '
in wheat, clover and timothy, giving a j
good yield of wheat, and taking w?il in j
grass, remaining but on? year in sod, his ((
fat cattle being tod on it in liio Winter, j
I? was ng un turned over, and two more (
successive crop* of corn, eqinily good,'
followed hv w heat and grass. Coniinti-!
rug twovoars and fi d on in the winter as |
usual, he last spring ploughed again for '
corn, and hasat this tirn^ a crop almost '
sufficient to take the premium to he awar- ;
dedon this occasion, it a niinimuin of one '
hundred hushoJs to the aim.
I must explain, that although the j
<tieu.-?urciuent has been in ide in the field |
of this sandy land, vet the spot measured
for the prcwinni wan naturally richer
ground timn the general average of thoj
remaining portion : hut I have no hesila. :
lion in is.>erting, that a* this moment, on j
an average square acre of !#nd in the let
-?o previously exhausted, there is standing '.!
at least sixty bushels of corn to the ncro.
You will observe hv th*? statement, that
after the renovation of the sard, s \* crop*, of
grain, (fonr of corn and two of wli?at,) have
been taken in seven successive yean?
Then follows tliree years "n grass, and thus |
it is now again in corn, c othed with the heat'
-top ;t has over produced. ,
What think you now of worn out sandy :
land* ! Da you believe you possess any mure :
completely prostraied than I hav#? accur- i
atoiv described above.1 Are y<?u willing to '
J f .
enter up-m the rareor of improvement ? If j
you are, hero then is an example worhv of
your imitation. fear not the result. Y?u have
seen what judgment and perseverance liis ac- ,
tomp'isherl.
While >n tin's subject, T .vil! ata'o another,
experiment now in operation on exactly a simi- .
la r character of laud. The growth was all j
bUck oak ,nd hickory, tho ground so porou-i ;
and sandy, that in earlv times I have frequon. <
tly r ik n my ramrod from my riflo and witliout
di flvulty thrust too whole in the earth. How
wouiii you undertake to make such soil yield
itn hundred*? ISiow for the ororepg. Tue I
t 'mber was all killed, the undergrowth taken J
cut, sowed in gra^s seed and-ripe r>a.y fed over 1
the v? hole, to form a good sod and immediately. 1
The Jand w is then grar.cd with cattle, and1
.i- - , _ !
IR.^ over OCC&SloyHiiy uurmg miu wmicr*. ly
six yeara juccoediaj tJ?e girdling, when afiei |
the ba-k and bru^h Lad hern principally tor*i |
off by the etnrm? and trod in piece* under I ho ;
I et "f the oat.t'e, all the standing timber \v??>
cut down and burm-d, and the whole inaai o _j
vegetable ma'ter lliua collected and now'j
nearly d-coinpureJ; turned iu with tbe 1 ai j
y?ar.
What think ye# was tbe a"er?fre yield of
the tjrdt crop? | am eure at le mt sixty bu.-hej*
l toie aero. II igswere then turned in, ami
consumed 'hr stand ng corn on the tield. Tho
balance of tho winter and part of the spring
fare ing cattle were led on the same lot with
cut tip cum aid fodder until the earth wai
nearly covered over with litter. Ali was a^-xin
thii reason turned under, wnti at Mrs m?*nicni
tli^re pfandt upon u & crop ci can, wvne
fhockf vf have It en iilrfcod, f having
a y!e'd of upwards ofscyrpty bushels to the!
acre. The sanio process is again to be ap. J
pliod the ensuing winter, with th?s difference
that in the present year the corn has been
cut up and will now have to be removed and ,
con-mmed on grass land adjoining, the ratiio j
will then be put on, and other corn and fodder
arought and fed in the n?ine place. There
hrf two lots of ton acres each of that charac'er j
of land, kept as winter and spring feeding j
lots. It is intended to fry fairly the experi- j
ipenf, whether tiicy will not produce corn I
every year in succession, and continue to in i
crease in fertilitv while under that con-se of!
management. Sandy land is well known to ]
nni>rihnn nf frpaplinrr if i
mryiuv^ v~v- .,r - .. |
compacts the soil, rendered more tenacious; j
and what wouid succeed with it, is death to i
clay, making it utterly useless until pulverized j
by frost.
f have mad * this statement for the sole ;
purpose of bringing into nnbiic view, the true ;
value of that character of land when judiciously j
managed.
I am not tlje operator; it in* passed under!
-my own eye?, and I only claim to hive aided i
bv frequent consultation :n the first successful ,
experiment,that once accomplished gave the
k?y to the subsequent course now in pro- ;
gresi? of execution, the result of which you j
will learn at some future time.
TroTi the TransactsonB of tho Society for promoting
Agricultural in tiiu State of Convcticut.
OF IXDIAN COTtX.
What are thn best methods to bn uspJ in'des- j
troyingworms that eat the indian corn? Hill
nulling iba hill* ?0'Mi after tho corn coinoa up
drt.slroy^jrtfbs and worm*, and wall lima orpia*- .
ior of Paris have tho name effect ?
Mr. Mullctt of MVford. When I plow j
my land for Indian corn, T a!way* lay it j
in ri Iges, whether it He swarded or mellow,
and plow tho balks tip to tho ridges, j
and those ridges I never disturb by cross
plowing while my corn is on the land. I
am fully convinced, from njy cwn oxperi.
ence and that of almost all my neighbors,
who pursue tho same method, that
one-fifth more corn at least will he raised
in this manner, than in any othcr? Upon
tlifl san e land.
Mr Robert Wother % of straforil
have derived great benefit from shell limc j
in destroying the grubs which eat the In* J
dian corn. As soon as I discover that !
they attack my corn, I put a handful of1
lime upon each hill, and it has never failed !
to save my crop. This is the remedy all
mv neighbors apply. I have known it answor
after the second hoeing, but vye generally
apply it sooner.
Mr. ffol6rvo&, of Derby. Upon experiment.
I find the method of plowing land
for Indian corn, heretofore recommended 1
to this Society by Mr, MaMett, to be the !
< n I I _r !
best I can pursue. 1 Jay nit my mm, m (
every kind, in ridge*, when I intend it j
foi corn, and plow the balks clear, ley !
them to the ridges before planting, and
never disturb thoso ridge* by cross plowing.
Any person can see by looking at
the part of my fi**ld which I hrfve treated
in this way, and at another part of the i
same that was crass plowed, that the part j
laying in ridges has much the advantage, i
I have always haii full ovidenco tho aame
way upon experiment.
Mr. Waisicorth, of Durham. I have J
this year, 1800, niado the experiment of,
plowing in the mode suggested by Mr- i
Mailett, for Indian corn, ami am fully
convinced that rny crop will he much better
than it would have been had I plowed
it in tho usual niodo.
Mr. Hoi brook I have rmdc further
experiments in plowing in ridgos for Indian
corn, and not disturbing hy cross j
plowing. I am fully convinced that my |
crops will be a third better in this}1
way.
Mr. Clizunyjt of Xc:d Haven, I have
planted two acres oflaud this year, 1800, ,
with Indian corn; I plowed in the manner
mentioned heretofore by Mr. jlfallctt. I
The land ha* been mowed for five years j
past, and the sward is very tough. lMv j
corn is hotter than any of my neighbors j
have, and they agree with me that tills i
method has increased it a third.
From three years experience of tlio
mode of plowing f?>r Indi an corn, hereto- j
fore noticed repeatedly in the Society I am
fully confirmed in the opinion tlj^t iisten- '
deney is highly beneficial.
Farmer Shepard informed the. Burling. {
ion Society of Agiicelture, that in An- j
tninn, 17S6, he collected fors^e.1 for his (
next year's crop, a quantity of corn, from i
stalks which produced two ears. The !
crop from that seed wa? increased much |
beyond what he h id been aecustumed to, :
even to ton bushels an acre, and by fob j
lowing the carne method of saving seed ;
his croqs increased to sixtv bushels an j
acre, with three or four ears on a .
stalk.
of flvx- j
Wh it iro tho host mothods to ho t ikon in '
r.*?i*in r fl*x, and t'i? m n ig-mant of It nu '1 it*
b.? fit for ipinuinff! Witat qn inMiv or" s?nd ou^ht '
tn ho sowed oo an aero to produce the g-oatoat i
n>i ntitv of Hit?
Mr. Tom'infyi, of Milford. In the
tow.i of Milford, there are annually raised ,
' * i -l . i il .1., !
about one Iiuuareu inoqsanu ids. weigui j
of flax*, nnd about four thonsa ?.| bushels j
of siiH. An average crop is t?vo hundred J
pounds of flax, an! eight bushels of seed,
from an acre. The flax i? raised upon
laud, froin which a crop of Indian corn,
or of potatoes, has been taken the year
preceding. U'lr farmers plow tho land
into ridges, leaving the stalks balk, then
haarrow or bush it in. It is tho opinion
cf the fanners, tat the sewing' ought to I
he completed by t v the last of March, old !
style. It is supposed that land vrhich Jj.m/
had a crop^f-fl-'.x /aised upon it, will not J
yield n second -crop in less than seven '
years nfter the first. leached nshes
found to be an excellent tnamtire for
flax.
niCC CKMKNT.
This us *f il and elegant cement, which i
is beautifully white, and dries almost
transparent, is made hy fixing rice flour
i'??imolftli; tuith fh/*n tfOnf.
- . , ..... n~"' I
ly boiling it. Papers pasted together with I
this cement will sooner separate in their I
own substance than at the jointing. It j
is, therefore, a:? excellent cement in the
I preparation of curiotis paper article?, a? J
teatrav*. Ladies'dressing and work boxes,
; and other articles which require layers of
paper to be cemented together. In every !
respect it is preferable to common paste
made lyitlj wheat fjower. It answers
well for pasting into books the copie< of
writing taken off by copying machines ;
on unsized silver paper. With this cornnosition.
made with a small quantity of'
wafer, that it may have a consistence
similar to plastic clay, models, busts,
statues, basso-relievos, and the like, may
be formed. When cjrv, the articles made
of it are susceptible of a high polish; they
are atao very durable.?So. Planter.
?
,
. FIRK PKOOF WQOJ>.
Doctor Fcuhs, member of the Acade. ,
my of Science at Jfunirh, has diseovered
a composition by which hci renders H'ood
incombustible ; the composition is made i
of granulated earth nnd an alkali. To i
obtain it the inventor says, you must dis- '
solve some grayojlv earth, which has been
previously well washed, and cleared from '
any heterogeneous matter, in a solution
of caustic alkali. This mixture has the
property of not becoming decomposed by
fire or water. When spread upon wood,
it forms a vitreous coat, and is proofj
against the two elements. The budding j
committee of the royal theatre have j
t\vio<* mihlirlv trii?d thn oomnosition On !
r ?/ - - r ,
two smal! buildings of six or eight feet in !
length, and a proportionate height; the j
one wag covered \yith il;e composition,*
and tho other built in the usual manner, j
The Hie was put equally in the two build- j
ings; tho one which was not covered i
with the composition was consumed, while J
tho other remained perfect and entire.?
Tho cost of this process is very insignifi. j
cant compared to its groat utility, being
about two francs three centimes per 100 j
square foot. The royal theatre at Mil- (
nich has undergone this process, having j
about 400,000 square feet ; the expenses j
of whtcb vvasabouti or 5000 francs.
STRAW.
How can [ make my c?jtt}e eat straw ?,
I have often asked of some experienced
farmers. i% Give them loss hay," was the
general reply. N'ot liking this mode however,
and knowing that good farmers in
England and this coqntrv ma le free u?e j
of straw as fond for cnttla, I resolved last j
summer, when thrashing, to change my j
plan. I stacked it ns usual, hut in the
progress of the work, sprinkled on from
two to throe bushels of salt. I used the
" Pitts Thrasher," which gave me the adn
>
tional advantage of mixing tho ctyatf
through the whole, Well, during the
warm we?ther in the first part of this
month, rqy cattle, instead of wandering
about with but little appetite, njight be
? -?? 'l.,? ??wnfle ?r? oro nri?ft in filling
*KOii any u..j ?
themselves vrilh straw. At nigbt, who 1
the* cows \ycre tied op to receive their
roots, their hay would bo almost untouched.
Thoir rotund appearance left me no
apprehension of their starving, however.
This w^s continued uptil nearly the pro- j
sent tuna, whon J was obliged to ro-crve )
the remainder of the stack for the use of 1
the staldes. Nearly a month's feeding of j
hay was saved.?Nr,w Gr.nnsse Firmer. j
. ^^^^^j
FJ?OM WASHINGTON.
^j.rJJpoudance o-* thn Char eston Courier.
Washington, April 13.
A most extraordinary and exciting
debate km arisen in the f?ouse on a motion
of the Abolitionists, to strike out the
appropriation for the outfit and salary of
Waopy Thompson, as minister to Mexico.
It was evidently a concerted movement,
and is to be supported by tbe
whole abolition intofoat in tho country, j
Mr. Linn, of New York, made the motion, J
accompanying it by a speech. Mr. j
Slade, of Vermont, followed him, on the l
samo side. The argument in favor of j
I ?A ?Kn n wrlion 1
the motion was oan;u <jw ,.?*> ,
made l>y Mr. Linn, and others, that ;
President Tvlfr i<* intriguing with a !
view to efleet the annexation of Texas to ;
the United States. This, they intimated
wis the main object of Gen. Thompson's
mission; and thov insistod tint Gen.
Thompson had sent instructions to this
eudL Tuey also alluded to the fact that
Gen. Thompson, when in Congress, was
an ardent friend to Texas, and in favor
of the annexation; and is, therefore, an j
unsuitable person to represent this country ;
in Mexico, unless our object he to.acqnire j
Texas. They said that the South might |
possibly succeed in this policy, but that I
it would he at the expense of tho Union '
of these States. They declared that ihe '
great majority f?{ the free States would
separate, at once, from the Union, in
case Texas should be admitted into it; !
and that it would also bring upon hs a war '
?vith England. It was also urged that ;
the trade of the United States with Me*- !
ieo was not of sufficient extent to justify j
the maiptajcaoce of a mission there.
Mr. Pickens and Mr. Cushing replied,
and pointed out the importance of tho
Mexican mission, in relation to tho designs
of Groat Britain upon California
and Cuba, and also in relation to the
questions at issue b;t\vecn this country '
and Mexico.
Mr. Wise also replied, at great length, '
and made a very interesting speech. Ho
asked what evidence there was for the
assertion that President Tyler was in favor
of annexing Texas to the United
States ? [Mr. I-inn. , Does tho gontle
.u?., it 71 Mr. U'iso replied, no;
111*11 unn U ij ..... _ ,
but, if I did, the gentleman would find it j
difficult to prove it. I know not, said
Mr. Wise, how the fact is, and I intend .
tr> inquire. But, judging from circuin- ;
stances, my private, opinion is, that Pres- !
dent Tyler is desirous of annexing Texas \
to the Union ! I am the more inclined 1
to this opinion from the fact that it was
the darting object of several of Mr. Ty.
i?/- nPM^ressor*: aud especially of the
?*~l "? , , T
administration of the gentleman from
Massachusetts, Mr. Adams. [Here the
members began to stare"\vith surprise at
Mr. Wise, imagining that he was rt littlo
out of his right senses ] But Mr. Wi.se
brought forth certnin instruction* from the
Stale Department to Mr. Poinsett, written.
in March, 19*25, when the gentleman j
frotn Vermont (Mr. Slade) was a Clerk !
in that Department. .
Mr. Wise read the letter of Mr. Clay ;
to Mr. Poinsett, then the minister of the J
United States in Mexico, wherein he
? a ? 9 -t W*. - I
states that he is directed oy me President!
to request Mr. Poinsett to offer n sum of j
money to the Mexican government to j
make the boundary line between the U.
5>. and Mexico the Rio Del forte?and
to urge upon Mexico, as an argument in
favor of giving up Texas to us, that our
people had already occupied the territory
and would never coalesce with Mexican
institutions, &c. These documents crpatod
the greatest surprise in the Hoqsr. I
do not believe that ten member# were
aware of their existence. But I am told
there is much more to the same effect that
could be got from the archives of the
silate Department. Mr. Adam? tfas very
attentive to what passed, and took some
notes.
Mr. Wise u'ont on to point opt the
hostile policy of England and of Mexico
towards pssrinsisted that we ought to de.
clare war upon Mexico and England
both; that Franco would aid ijs, <Scc.?
In fact, it was a real war speech. He
said a war would do us np hprt?hut it
would do us much good. It would giVP j
us Texas and annex it to fho Unioq. It ;
would enable us to put down the aboli.
tionists at honjo. He believed too that a
m-stnri>tr n StmifliMrn oeonlft were in I
"'"j1" 'V i r ~ J
favor, at this moment, of acquiring Tex- i
as?and of making \ynr ypon Mexi.fl and !
Great Britain.
Washington, Aprj] 14.
If) the Senate, to-dav, r resolution heretoforc
offered for an Jnqyi/T into the state
of our tonnage, freights ynd commerce
with foreign powers and report ypon its
degree of prosperity under existing tren. ;
ties, and whethor any measures aro ne
cessary to secu.o reciprocity, came up.
Some debate followed on this subject, in
which Mr. Woodbury maintained th
free trade doctrines and Mr. Simmons
those of the protec/ive policy. No qwes
lion was taken on the subject.
In the House, the general appropriation
bili, was again under discussion, and I
have never listened to a debate which
3 :err)"d to excite njnro iot'erost. The
que it:o 1 wa< on the motion to strike out
the appioprlation for a minister to Mexico.
D > Butler, of S. Carolina, spoke J
in oppositiou to this motion, eulogizing !
the character of the minister to Mexico,
and made some remarks in support of
."VJr- VVise's vieys as to the policy of ac
quiring Texas.
Mr. Charles J. lagnrsoll, <?f Piiila.
county, spoke very ably on .some of the |
topics which had been brought into the !
discuseion-r-partjephrly of the difficulties J
with England. He ran ovef^ho p?infj in j
controversy, statipgXhat, in hi* opinion, j
England was >yrong in rvr-ry one of
them ; nn,I said they would pui.tlj&r of
them lead pe.q*ss$rijy to ? war. The
right of search was the. most difficult
matter to settle, and ho would undc/Uke
(o prove by reference to thirty treaties,
made during tbo last two centime*, that
thn right had always been disputed.?
There was no foundation for it, in.the law j
of pature < r nations. He complimented J
Gen. Cass's interpojiition.cn this subject, ;
and intimated that he had influenced the j
Chamber of Deputies, in France, to re- j
fuse to ratify tbe quintuple treaty. He '
slid fiot agree that we were unpieparol
for war. Wo were full of .resources for a
prolonged warfare. Our population wr* i
great; ou^means pf subsistence innx j
haustihle; our materials for wa-r .return- j
da at; and our skill and inventive faculty j
unbounded; our thousand steamboats. 00
our lakes aod fixers, could, >8 top day<, ;
he ready to defend our roast. The two |
steam ships .now jp opr harbor were, ns he j
lied been told by a (iisfjpgyished oftjeer, )
unequalled in the world as .specimens oT j
that species of war vetnH. ft hpd been j
?aid that New York would he burptj but !
he had been assured by naval officers
that it would be as easy for us to burn i
London. It had been threatened that j
England would excite a portion pf the ,
vmulation at the South ; but wouid not 1
/ i* i
we excite, in like manner, some 01 c^ng. j
land's dependants? Ireland, Canada, j
and India sho held by a thread. She
would, in ease of another war, tumble to
pieces, like one of our banks, at a run for
specie payment. He did not think we
could bo much injured by a war?and ii ;
might do iis some good. It would pay j
off our debt of two hundred million* to
begin with?that was certain. But we ;
should not be alone; France. Prussia, and !
Russia would sympathize with us. We I
should have the sympathy of all the no- |
tiojnsof the earth?including Texas. Mr. j
Ingersoll hoped that the noble ministor, ,
now here, would succeed in his errand. ;
and he believed thnt he could, if be should
act wisely. He might, and ho hoped
would, make himself an Earl, by his ser.
V-icet here. Mr. Ingersoll .nsisted,
throughout his speech, that England was
in every esse wrong, und must concede
every thing to tin.
Mr. Adams, in commencing his reply
to those that had spoken, commenced
with an assault on Mr. Ingersoll. He
accused him of an attempt to drive the
American people into a war with Kng
land, under peaceful professions, and of
making light of the evils of war, and of
cur defenceless nnd unarmed condition.
| Tl-e gentleman moreover contended
that Great Britain must yield every thing
?and wo nothing?that peace could be
preserved by no other moans?that Great
Britain was wrong in every case, even in
that of the Creole. The gentleman too
hud told us that Franco was with us on .
i the riirht of search. If ore Mr. A. went j
! into statement) to ah'cw thai Mr. luizoi j
V H
^ / J* ' ^*m'> * ?jjj
avowed this question in the Chamber,
owing to certain consideration*, and there- w
fore the vote was unanimous for refusing
to ratify the treaty, But he would venture
to say that the treaty would be ratified
rn three months time. It was of no
consequence, in reference to the right of .
search, whether tb*? treaty was ratified or
not. For, by other tubsiaung treaties,
France and England had mutually yielded
this right. Mr. Ca?a might have been
humbugged with the idea that the&fottl
to ratify tho treaty was owing to the
right of search nuestion. but there were
1 '
other nnd very different causes of delay# J2i
Mr. A. spoke of the precarious condition
of France, pictured what soon to be her
condition-?-and asked what aid she could
render us in a naval war with England,
when sho herself would be rent with civil
commotions, and engaged in war with four
<)f the leading powers of Europe? Moreover,
qpon the gentleman'* principle, w?
would, in case of war, be obliged to give
up the right of search ourselves; and
thereby doprive ourselves of the moat
easy rpeans pf prippling British power.?
For Iiqw could we cripple her commerco
if we allowed her to protect her property
bv covering it with a actual flag ?
Mr. A. did not agree to the right of
search a# claimed hy England, nprtotho
* . w ' /a a.
compromise proposed by iffif). Ufir^ui
intimated th^t the matter might fro sot.
tied. hy some compromise.
The suggestion that L<>rd ^shh^rton-?
whom, ho said, he had intimately known
from his [I^orcJ bnyb ?od?-and whfp
had filled an honorable place in Rrifjift)
history, might rjwke blfjisef an Etfl hy
settling this difficulty, according to the
y o vsofthe gentleman from Peijnsyly^.
mn, he treated with 77"ch ridicule. Rod*
' ey, he said, made hims?*lf a visnountrrn
degyee lower than an Barldony >kut n??J
by yielding every thing ; Wellington
made a Dukc-~ht/t not for surrendering
every thing intrusted to hjnj. /nbl) Rulj
did not reward his gijl/jccts foy mjcb servi*
ccs. There was, however, ai) wnpal*
the history of I?uglnijd? that f/jight
the gentleman's case. If. was thftnf Ad
miresl Bjng. If the spmiaj fmb*
should follow the advice of the gentlotijuj
fn m Pennsylvania, ho wptiiU he more
likely to be Byngci thao to be made an
EM.
Mr. A.'a speech was Ion* and iptercta?*,
lie would not yield tie fl -or, until il w*a u??d'TstMid
he was to have a chance at Vir. Wise
to. morrow.
Washington, ^.pril 10.
The proc /c lings of the (louse are im..
portarit only in reference to theopinioi-a
expressed in the debate, by prominent
men, of the state o( our foreign affairs.
Mr. Adams has had an oportunitv which
he long coveted to give his views on ,
some of th.ose points. Ho discussed the
C .1 ~l. t ?r ..... rr% K and ill*
rj'I'.'SlllJM VI IUC f 'q'M V* wi?w.? ...... ,..v
other pending question* \vi-th Great f^rit.
a in. He declared himself unwilling to jggf
cgnjcede a quahfird /"iglit of search, on
'he Atfrtcan coast, to-Great Britain cyo-u
for th* purpose of suppressing the African
slave trade. Ho declared that he would
sooner meet war, with all its ho'ror*, tha^i
concede this. He stated that this had
always been his ground. Ho thoreforo
opposed, with all hi# inQuence, the treaty
which this government ratified for a rnu?
tual right of search on the- African coast
and which Groat Britain rejected becaii*?
\y* struck qu! J lie West Indies. He
said iie would suppress the slave trade hy
a moj-e direct nieana-^-by jeiriploying our
naval force. JJe did -nyl thairk Mr. ?aas
for ictejrqedling with foreign politic# ^
coijaryto American policy, ridiculed
Ins arguments, and scored his proposed
compromiso as being almost as had
entire conce**ion,of-lhc rigfit of search ?
He explained the state of parties jq the
French Chamber of J)cpyties, which led
to the ynnn'moy? vyfe ynJhe amend racist
to the address to the King, requesting
hire, in whatever arrangement he made,
With respect to the rigl^t of search, not to
? * I satiaruul un J -V
COIIipmnjIl Ultt CUIIIWI-4?IIII nnoiw* mi't
hgnor of prance. This ive shewed, wn*
only apices of policy on tho part of Mr.- >
(smy,otj yvho \vaa not desirous of nu mo*
mediate reception with the opposition,
ijo was certain, however, that the quia,
tuple treaty would soon be ratified in *
every particular, by France? and a*!?.?
tlw fight of search. Franco had already
conceded it in treaties now in fo<e,.
Mr. Adams did not satisfactorily shew
i t his reply to Mr< Wise, any reason fjr
opposing ?he annexation of 'jfexas now, Pqfl
when he made such an etf?>rt to obtain
it purchase from Mexico, in the very first
month of his Presidency. He alluded to
to the fact that lie opposed Mr. Monroe's
treaty of 1819, by which Texas was gir.
en up ; and that he u I ways contented lor
the Roi del Norte as the boundary?but
lie did not shew why he was now opposed
to theJ acquisition At Texas, except
by alicgi&g what every ono knows to bn
umounded, that the Southern people wish
to get Texas in order to re-open tho African
slave trade to re-establish slavery J
in Mexico. He asked Mr. Wise whether,
after be bad revelled in the halls of
the Montezuma*, ho would be content
to come hack to Accomack?and intima. %
ted that it would be Mr. Wife's purpose
? ? -? * nnni'i' rJitv for him
O OH f vu uut a oiii>? |FI ? v
self, <fcc.
Mr. Campbell of S. C. replied wilh
great felicity to some ef Mr. Adams'
slander* upon the South, and showed that
even should Mr. Adams ever succeed in
effecting an emancipation of slaves in
the United States, it would be an rnjurv
to the interest* of t! c c mil fry and . f the
slaves tnemsclves.
Washington, April IT.
The legislature of Pennsylvania has
sent resolution* t^ both liuuics of Cunffras
+ ??.? tA - t *' ...j.i ~ v
? * *