University of South Carolina Libraries
~ -* '. ^,'ij^^L*^.-* - .f\. , toHKi ',???-? iL-S "JS^F *' *. . J[ - *y^3 rfrliS%<-" .^-Vv.Vr fcg Mfl[^8mP8S^^P!8M^3?fS^?^lS^I * Wlf i:": h '22HB5V. ^g^CE: '... " >' \' ^' ' ' '"^j^-'f rfnl^jr. ' ^ilBTIf A-*BH '?-- ~* -V - . - ' ?. i. >. ?;i. ; -V -'?". V <*_ ' ;-^v';.^ J53&V- .. * ZZrSr^?**'-' . ' a >^-;?8L -* *^B ? * '.. -.".x * '. VI. ??* - . >? ..?. v. - ~ 'y-v ^ ? " ' * ".-"'-'.. lie,' - rti*"r' . ^-? ?? % ' ' IWT * lr'f'7l?"^v' ,"> *"^4*$%. >. '^vWHuOmN' S&8f '*'' ' ^"v. "*' I-C^y"A^v':ik. "ih y? : -<\y^~_ 3^" ~'*' .-'' ^3Spl^8fc? ^ ?*3^'"* V?' fo:-j(? 'ZM ^?rM^TmK'B ' BH * [ tB'f H- { ^a/w.'lBB Wy Mb I jrfU" I f^B^it^K^r'^Bpla/^. ja0BB9B ISMHk: -^iikB .WV' ' , /%i TkV4jy#?\. rt^k TvrTtfi Y#i\ Jri ># m ^i\ T*vTStt?^i r^irk nk/as? r?"re\ *- > ft y? ihftiyr ^yjiW <?i^rTi?J ( lvl//A ^ ^iMWh - ~ - '* * i&tP' 7 A''' ? -. C. "T,--> ' * . v/* t\ ' . ?< < >f.*^> ^ v?* - .- . . ^ / r? agjjf wl ma?C ^ >3-1^ - ?g ^ -!<wigi*4 ? 1 ? ? ^ ^-. 1 iSfcccrfoew, upi receiving tlieir paper* y ifegpr%t dufcoiituiued to^w/ewtf subscribers - . AdverHsemtntt not exceeding 18 lines inserted ** one dollar tbe first time, tud fifty cent* each ' etttseqocnt tnno.. For insertions at intervals of after tl?e first, aud a dollar Ill IIUO II* to number sop jr. tbo in the cause of Greece, exclaiming';?! him whose aim was universal dominion, 'Hi* prowos shall rank with the first .of all And monarch* hereafter shall bow to liik worth, The song* of the poets, the lesson* of tape?. Shall hold him the wonder and grace of the earth. -The meteor* of history before thee shall fill, Eclipud by thy spleudor thou meteor of Gaul !* 1 The Physician, too, will tell you that | A* sees no end to the road of inquiiy and observation which lies before him. Botany, Chemistry, the natural history of man and of inferior animals, their physiology, diseases, and remedies, piesent to him so many fields for research, no less useful tiian entertaining, while medical repositories and more elaborate works, without number, serve at once to illus* trate the never-ending discoveries of the aniiva nMitfiKnnar. sn/i tn tttimiiintf* a mf MlllyllfV' Ml HVHHVHVI1 *???% ... ' feed the voracious curioeity of the ambitious student. fn numerous colleges, again?incorporated and Kbcrally endow, cd for his instruction?he gathers the fruit of ages of practical experiment and scientific deduction. There stands the skilful surgeon* with his knife and net re of iron,'to np up and lav bare the very fountains ol life and of thoug t; and at his side the chemist, with his crucible, to extract medicine fiom the rudest mineral or in th* simplest plant that grows upon your way.side to detect "poison more deadly than^he mad-dpg's tooth." Put into his hands the exquisitely delicate and h i iuttful poppy, and he will quickly draw from its stem a charm that can assuage or put'an end'fo the bitterest ago. nil s of the body or the mind ! The lawyer, again, after*enpingall the advantages of established and welhendowed law schools, is forced to keep pace, whether he will or not, with the volttmi. noue decisions of the courts and the evervarying enactments of the Legislature. To those he generally add** some know!, edge of the sciences, and close familiarity with classical literature and the lighter imn'ribution* of an over-tecming press. Prow these sources the late Mr. Puiknoy, w.mse ambition of intellectual renown no measure of glory Wuiir in rW^rivehis wonderful imwcrs of illustra iion ft* well a* the choicest flowers of his oratorv. Hie very last moments, accele. rated by nn extra ordinary exertion of the reasoning faculty in a case of grdat importance, were beguiled by a new and charming fiction from the pen 01 the Great Unknown. Thus did reason and imagination alternately sway and beguile the mind of that great Advocate* and lend effulgence to the last moments of bus brilliant career, as western* clouds are gilded by the rays of the setting win; The Merchant, he whom tho farmer supposes toconfinehis reading to pricescurrent and his .pert "to boo!<-k eping? even he, too, is seen of late years forming mercantile library associationsto provide a collection of authors, and a suecession of learned lectures on mercantile law, the currency of different nations, and on all the arts-and productions which furnish for commerce it* materials, itsse. curify, and its profits. While too many young agricukutists are wasting 'their leisure hours in iole amusements, or doZlhg them away in listless vacuity, the merchant is studying, among the wants and the fabrics of foreign countries, where he can find the best market for alMhe products of American agriculture, and where he can buy on ihe best terms all those articles which he well knows the planter and fanner must have in exchange for the fruits of his own labor, 'fyke, fur exam, pky ari article Vf extensive trade end consumption: Covfbk.?-Does the agricultural consumer suppose that the merchant who supplies him is as ignorant of the history of this valuable product of tropical climates as he is (ulas, too often,) of the most common staples of his fields ? Far from it. If the young merchant be a man in whom the intellectual would rise above the mere money-n&king animal, tab inquiries naturally suggested to every active mind, cultivating .or dealing in a valuable fcemmodity* will* have taught hirn, in this case, that coffee is a native of Yemenis Arabin; and that, on tlte wings of dis^jrjinMof of improvements and blessings of every sort) this ingredient of a delightful beverage and potent auxiliary of the temperance i-aiisc, was borne tobo propagaiod in the wwthetn.?Xlrcrmjty of 30^%bt Jayiyin . . '-J?-- ? jh' self, he allowed his servant to sell coffee fle publicly; arid thus, we are told, was the pri first coffee-house established in London^ ro? where the Virginia coffee-house^jow ^ stands. From such beginning timbre-' f,K maskable berry grew into general ?Re ; lf). so that, in 1828, the quantity received for ? home consumption in England was 16- ^ 522,423 pounds. In 1690 a plant was rec sent to Europe, from the berries of which jjj, were derived the first coffee planted in me theAVest Indies, But let me not wander ?n( from my leading object, which is to hold gr* up to agriculturists the examples of the am followers of other pursuits, and in point- opl ing, among all of them, to theorgmiza- ery tion of societies, and of extensive libra- del rics for the diffusion of knowledge, incite lea American husbandmen to reflect serious. .vo' 1 ly iC*,t does not behoove them In go and IB do l.kcwiso. Not only is it to be fe ared that there is. a lamentable absence of all ^ regular association of mind and of means for prosecuting the inquiries and prom tilgating the discoveries and improvements mo of which agriculture is susceptible, but ^ that even the codes and journals dedica- H^r ted to their particular use and instr iction va| are not in the hands of the rising genera-} ron tioritjif husbandmen. How many have grn reaiCeven the Farmers' series of tho.se ex- Sta cellent works published in England by pos the Society for the. Diffusion of Useful bei Knowledge, telling, as they do, all jghout. l'lu horses, cattle, sheep, grain, grosses*, im- Mr pie merits, buddings &<* T Even Ruffin's ex* great work on ca/carious manures, mean. a,1( ly pirated by English writers, is not to be found, as it should lw*t in every farmer's ^ library, with Sinclair*# Code of Agrieul. a8 (ore, the American Farmer, the New |n | England Farmer, the Farmer's Register, |ec the Cultivator, the Fanner's Cabinet, the on Silk Journal, and many other*, of which cul no agriculturist should be ignorant, any c >r more than an officer should plead igno- hie ranee of the Army regulation?, 601 The venerable Chancellor Kent b'ing wf called upon by a committee of "the Mer- w,| cantile Library Association'-' for a list of such works in English literatu/e as he might deem best suited to their use and |f1Q impruimmenL made_Jhem a catalogue of ^ ultout Jive hundred volumes, saying thai" he hnd not placed upon the list one with #ut, which he was not in some dftgroe fumili- ces nr. Where, in all the land, shall We ti id bod 'irtich a thing si# a public farmers* library? phi Yet ihero is no want of books.upon this of < great interest of mankind, and upon na-1 bee tural history, intimately associated with it, undone of the most plensing studies to which the mind of man can be devoted, v It Woold swell this address beyond all rea. tu' sonahle limits, or we would appei.r, a list L of tiie works ?o the Congressional Library, ey? finder the several departments of Agricul. ^g ture and Natural History. The number |^e is, on Agriculture, 822; Natural History see -^Animal Anatomy, 61; Zoology,;477; ted Jfkitaiiy, 243; Mineralogy and Gonofcolo. the gy, 58. Total on Agriculture and Na- tur tural History, 1,155 volumes. For this no' collection thanks are due, in a great mea bat sure, to the Hon. D. H. Lewis, of Ala- ?tK knn. ?f ilm Vipa of the 1^'' \9t iw \# -?nw v,^w.?. ? ?.. _w . United States Agricultural Society, There may hief some wliose lip will curl with a contemptuous smile at the very j?J .suggestion of any value or pleasure in ^ book-Ienrni ng, for a farmer or planter, -whose business is a Held ! How much to j be pitied is the insensibility of such . men tj,e to the most copious and lasting springs an( ofonjoyment?the pleasure which every grn man experience in the Very process of net intellectual secretion! Imagine yourself on seated quietly jn your domicil or office, ut fini IliaVstill hour when all around have re. yot tired, and become "to dumb forgetful. an nossa_prey," and not a sound is heard TH save .we chirping of the social cricket, an< or the congenial music of the whistling WitKls; ro oe poring over me ptigrs vi , ^ some fascinating and instructive author, (^a finding in every sentence some new idea, jt< some mystery explained, some '.hitherto ^r( unthWght-cf principle in agriculture de- developed, or striking character graphical- y? ly portrayed; to Ue^thus edifiecf and en- du< chanted, taking no note of time until the ent morning breaks upon your enjoyment, the and your author is reluctantly laid upon ga? the shelf, with heartfelt thank# that he liru has seduced you to forget tho world and. its cares, and made you a somewhat? c0' perchance a better and more useful man! ^ Who would exchange such feasts of rea- ^ soivandaueh pleasures of imagination for ' all the riches of the miser and ull the an( gofgeous and heartless ^ pageantry of dn courts? Shades.nf Scott, of JJyron?gen- Ve$ ius of Bulwer,and of James, of Macautey* cir : apd of Irving?what do we not owe to K? von for hours like these? it*1 V * i XV*" AJj' -*r*KT?>, . r.tions of Taylor, as set forth in the ictical.essays of A'rntor, and from the ire analytical and scientific irivesf iga?s of Ruffin, in the Sooth ; and from :h niKnasLowel and Colman and Buel, the North. Be assured, fillers of tho I, there;U no occupation which opens# jcr spliere for or admits of more ben*i fironri scientific investigation and their orded results than yours. With our lited States Society, and all its instru* nttjind facilities properly organizedj arranged as a leading branch of the at " National Institution," the whole imal and vegetable kingdoms will be in before you. pouring in through evE sense and faculty both wisdom and ight. And this brings me again to the ding purpose of this address?to solicit lr support, in the manner pointed out its Constitution, fo the Agricultural -uetv now formed at the.seat of Gov. T.Vrf t r j*n*t s r iment for the whole United States, long the early fruits of such an n 9 ?cta. q we may hope for theestnbl shment of extensive agricultural library and del farm, where new grains, and gras, ancfplants, and fruits, sent in from bad, may be propagated, and, if found uable and adapted to our climate, their ts and eeed9 may be collected and tuitouily distributed through all the des of the -Uaion. All substances pro- ed as manures may, under its auspices, analyzed, tried, and compared on ail varieties of soil which may, if necep y, be ctimpoiurtded fur the purposes of terimc.it, while its annals will record , I its memoirs proclnihi the results. A at am icultoral .school will of course , m a part of the plan of such an associa?. To that our young men may come, to the great schools of science in Taria, >e freely taught and qualified to d liver tures in State colleges and elsewhere ' agriculture, chemistry, botany, horttturc, mineralogy, natural history and nparativeanatomy. It is unreasons to hope that such an association, intennnccd as it will be by men of just ight of character in the several States, I possess an influence that will ensure it a portion <>f that liberal fund bestow, by the munificence of Mr. Sipithdori; the "diffusion of useful knowledge ang men ?" For what_ JknawJed^A-?*itorumTctiTcaJs, as it advanced Mjtly to augment the means of human sistence and comfort ? Though nesity is the mother of invention, the ly must be fed before the mind can losophiae. If aoimated-by that sense luty and pride of understanding which :umen loose whom God hath emphatic f enjoined to " replenish and' subdue earth," will they not mtiirally desire, more thorough knowledge of their Jnu e aftd properties, to extend their ajv nted dominion "over every living ng thatmovcth upon the earth j and >ry herb bearing seed which is upon i face of the earth, and every tree, in r which is the fruit of a tree bearing d r In nil these you may l>e instruc* by the fields, the experiments, and . lectures of the United States Agriculal Society. No longer need you hr k vledge your ignorance of .their native ints, the principles of their growth, i their peculiar uses; and, where any ' ng is left untold or misrepresented, re will be left a gap for your ingenuity fill up, or an error for your penetration Jiscover and expose. Tatov- fbr*fc tple and solitary example of the nature Mich lectures, the nut of any common ? or the seed of my vulgar-plant. How eresting would lie the development*of professor, beginning with its definition ; i germination, and proceeding . to its wth by the root and by the stem, the ion Of it# leaves and Uajfatder#. and so torts maturation, its longevity, and, illy, to its-death I Ask a respectable, ing farmer, whose lot is to be that of agriculturist through life, this fir ration in his catechism: What is seed, 1 with too many the answer would. be i seed. VVhy, a seed is a seed! where, in the books or in the lecture room of agricultural society, he would ho told fw seed is a living body, detached from parent, and capable, under certain :unwtances, of growing into a new inidual of the same size and species, tit does not follow that it will repro. ;e all its parental peculiarities; for that ire dependence can only be had upon leaf bud. The seed of the green je plum, for in^tancx*. will not prnmice s tfirietv called green-g*ge. The errrj Bp seedt bursting under a particular nbination of beat and mo stare, lengthi first in a direction downwards, and tn upwards ; and no known power, it is (J, can reverse the orderof this tendenThe nbsorption of water eoftejQS i expands all the parts. Many of the r and soluble parts become fluid; sap or ?et?bjc blood irWW? eolation ertahlisHed. "Heat," say* may learn in what temperature varfoos Qate rij^ in d^t et h epof n ts o f de man dai^^p fy thus assist in regulating prices. ItVwjll he for thia society, too, to co^si'derV how far uniformty of prices for produce would be promoted by fostering the domestic, and diminishing our dependence on foreign consumption. Already is the mast vt'uable stabple of American agricultural industry threatened with insupportable dc. preciatiQn;\iodaftHe;60'ect rif aniahifekt^ determination, on the p?,t.oT<>ur fiest'foieign customer, to look to her own and to other countries for the cotion heretofore supolied fi om the Southern States. for agriculture ? What but the want of associated capital and enterprise has prevented t h ? husbandhnan frtwmtniikingHhts: magic power subservient to hk* ase$ as it has been made, and is every day 'made tnore and more obedient to the purposes afjiwMttarce, of manufacturer,- ap war 1 fcliuld )iow cl^rly th^f applied tinn by different classes of thW greatest of al! substitutes fot manual illustrate the effect of combihAdlafe&frh and science applied to useful objects. Do you soe steam oinployed to tUrfr the fur* row, to sow the seed, to drag the ba/rowto reap the harvest, or to tftfash the grain 1 To none of these has it b*en ap tdied. Bnt now ftVark the contrast! The momtint the gr?ih passed frnpt- Hi hand of (he-former toth.nt of the navi g*tor, themerohaot.mire . ftnd the mdlwright, behold steam become* the- agoiu to take it from bis landing, and bear it In th? wharves of the crowded city. There this wonderful a the hold of the ve9selr and, ns "by some p .w. r of necr unancy, for gs<rcisj of which in times past a man would-have beeen''burned for a witch, steam bears U ahifi unseen tn the hopper, and yon see it Ttrr rrmnj crottt rrts pacJrod to He eXJWrlerf by e{eam again to all parts of the world ! Is thcie any branch io the whole c?rcte of human industry which stiff rs more fo? want of capital, or in which improvement is mororetarded-bv the high price of labor, tiian agriculture,- and which ndeds mote -the benefit of all labor-saving contriv-. ances? Would these " applications of steam to the agricultural purposes I huv* indicated be more in Rdvance^^^hatit has already nchiev<>dthan that which has deemed an enthusiast for predicting tfuf Itjme when it would * drive the tppideorV' That in vapor there is a tremendous power, which science can make subservient to human wants, is no longer a pro. blem: but "ear hath not heard nor-JS& seen, neither hath it entered info Ihe henrt of man to conceive," iha Variety. o? .urea,^rcai and small to which it icjtf he uppiuw nrny ntn, rami, i it felling our timhes and, Jrgfflrig Qtjrr ditcher -ami rea|ung wid; thrash-ng, a* well as grinding our grain and transporting our flour f Look; again at oar magnificent ^cx. ploring expeditions to extend thn bminiL aries of nautical mieal sciences J Who payft; for these T The husband man ! But who asks the Government tosend pu?^tQfro>C' miner* ATo^ists and botanists into our own fold# 4nd mountains "and val|jy9f W^xpfoire lor new vogetablesand plants to furnwh more elements of Mbsiste^ee to the poor; or rich roan's table? Who shall gainsays that, as American formats abound beyond all comparison in the richness and varietur of their growth, so may our valley*; a?$ fields contain various vegdjjoblies, vet u U cultivated, which may prove eqr ai to that inaignificanUlooking root which, though not even known iij Europe until fW "v-* -v*. ? ? --?^?i-a*.? Ui t .Ja&y of God to increase c^wa ries oCiife^ t he a lace ang?urn journal,. At the meeting I .^jKj:^' ^^QEUjWifllKBMUBlw^^^B^BBBMfiBf^K^gBTOiMjffjHMi^^^^M for n o * jftrV l % mm ^rv #flSBflR9B8yilGH8^EoBiwSjv^M^lB r^^^ar ^y^<*h?Sitf*^^Htei ^ '*& OSL><' v & .+?* --SiHSfi?* X ;? ? 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