Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, January 05, 1842, Image 1
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VOLIFME VII CHER AW, SOU l'H-CA KOLINA^ WEDNESDAY, JANUAKY 5, .1842 NUMBERS.
" ' ? -' '
By M. 1H1 AC LEA\.
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r
KOCONOMY i>!.-'FRRMXU STOCK.
Frivn an \?''?ln*ss l?v J. iShelbv. hoforethe
T iiimcc 5 ate A? recallural .Socio y, at !
i third annual meeting, on the 13th of
O . H41
At our last ai I ml meeting we discus. [
aed the Philos-v y >t lireeding*" We
propose'at j>r-.1 10 give our opinion
ti|M?ii tho Kconofity ot Feeding, as being
intimately connected with the other. We
?lo not intend a minute detail of the differu
ent articles ot food that are in coinnton use
* amongst feeders. Our principal object is
to call visit attention to the period of animal
life, lhal requires our most particular
attention and especially those animals intended
liy nature for the consumption of
nan. It is proper to promise that a'd
animated nature is made up of a scries of
vesM.Lt, even the solid hone, and sinewy
tendon, are congeries of vessels so delirate
in their stucture that they cannot be
discovered hy the naked eye. The stointo
ino ii 'Ail ? ntunln AT fVwirl* htii'u
it undergoes the Hist digestive process.
It is then taken up by the absorbent ves
s-Lsand distributed to the other parts of
lite system. From this it is evident thai
the grow th of ih<- animal depends as much
tipoti a liberal Mrpply to the absorbents,
as to the stomach. The well established
principle, that self-preservation is the first
law of nature, is as clearly shown in an
animal (nut has been simply led, as it
can be by any evidence (but could bead*
duccd.
We all know (hat nn animal that has
been furnished with about one-half of
what it could consume and convert into
nourishment, has a stomach and head i
disproportionately large for the balance of
the system. Tuc stomach being the de|Hisi(ary?
lakes care of itself before it div. '
ides with the oilier parts, then tin; hrain
comes in tor its share, because the brain
supplies the principle of vitality to tiie 1
stomach, through the car vangum or :
eighth pair of nerves; hence those parts
grow in preference to the. other parts of
the animal. The stomach, in return for
this kind office. sends the brain a portion
of its scanty allowance and if any parts of
the system are to sulf r, it will most
* c -Mainly he those parts most remote Irom
a.id least conuuc ve to. the operations of
the stomach ami bruin.?The intimate
connection ami dependence betwixt the
stomach and brain,?their reprocity of j
f -cling and interest, has been satisfactory
ly established by the experiments of SpillIcnzorii
and Dr. Phillip VVillson ; they
separated the eighth pair of nerves in ral>- j
bits and dogs, for the purpose of demonstrating
dial digestion was dependant upon
them, and in everv instance digestion J
. * . . . i
was suspended and a lingering oeain was |
Iht* coiMi-qticnce. This being ascertain*
cd, it goes to prove, very satisfactorily ?
to my mind at least?why the stomach
and brain continue to grow,in preference
to the other parts, in badly fed animals.
Audit rail not be otherwise until we alter
our present system ot managing and feeding
stock.
Let :'s take a hastv view of the general
management of that most invaluable < f
all animals, the milk cow. The common
practice in this country, is not to feed
her during the summer, and but very little
during the winter, unless she is giving
milk?and even then her allowance is
vcrv sparingly and grudgingly dealt out.
As for her poor call', it is generally tied to
t ie fence until the mother is stripped of
cv<ry drop, it is then lei loose, to annoy
the cow while she is voraciously swallow,
ing a few rotten nubbins of Indian corn,
f i. i i?
or voinr nuny mouiuering straw or corn,
husks. Af the Iprtiijiiriiioti pt winter they
$rg {ppped |jiIq the woods to shift for .
BHh fhemsclvps, and a poor shift it is, for not
;nore than two-thirds, and perhaps not
fnore th&n one half, survive the second
JB w inter. When winter comes round, if
JF the old cow has a calf, she receives the
lame kind oj treatment of the previous
H ^ winter, and ii may he that she will get a
9 morsel of bran, and as a great treat, an
pccasional turnip peel or pumpkin rind,
but the yoqng yearling is generally chunked
off by the hovs, until the otd cow
|icks her morsel from the ground, provided J
fhe old sow aqd pigs tjont't get the better
half?but the poor yearling nothing
pntil the (fend qf vyintpr?and jt is called
the dead of winter with great propriety,
for it is certain death to cqany a staryod
> ? - .*7'4 i ., i
pair, stintecj pigs or negtecien lamu.
Wlien this killing period arrives, the
Yearling is allowed to have a morsel of
the dain/ies that were laid up in store for
bw mother, his thrown upon the ground,
and generally upon the road side, it would
seem, if the object of the owner was to
have tiie creature annoyed us much as
possible, bv travellers of passing stock?
or it is thrown into the stable lot, where
every animal, horse, cow. sheep, and hog,
are fed together, each contended for his
shnr-o'tho cmty allow iiice. This is >
the general auw o tr stmenl, to a crea-11
ture timt yields us milk cream, butter,
chee*e, !>eaf. liglit for our eyes, and more
luxuries than all other domestic nnim ils, ,
?besides shots and hoots, ac also many
articles that are manufactured f.om her
horns and Imucs. At the end of six or
seven years, depending in some measure
upon the wants of t ie owner?/ cannot
say feeder?this calf that we have before
mentioned, is turned into the corn field to
fatten for beof, generally in the latter i
part of August, when- he usuaIjy remains
Unfit Chris trrttb? or New Velir/Dijring
this period he consumes by eating or
trampling under foot, us much as would j
have fed him bountifully for two years of j
- ri:c_ ?I
?il jne cany pan hi his me, pnm i>:u <
had been judiciously prepared and administered.
Sometime in the Christian holidays
he is slaughtered, and if he weighs j
550 lbs. and yields some fifty or sixty
pounds of tallow, it is called a good turn !
out, but with due deference to those who
adopt this plan of feeding and raising <
stock, I heg leave to sav, that I call it a
very poor hu-i-i-ss in evi ry re-p. Ci, and
it never can he otherwise under such a
system of feeding and management.
v c3 ?
Let ns look at tile opposite side of the 1
picture and setfwhat can be done by a
different mode of feeding and managemerit.
I will give you a case or two directly
in point. Mr. J.C. Rudsill, near
Raleigh, in the Western District of Tennc9ee.
sa vs in a letter to the editors of the
Agriculturist, "On the 4th of last January
1 purchased of J. Shelby of Nashville,
a cow <>f the Short Horn Durham breed,
in calf to his splendid hull Frederic. She
had her calf on the 1 Hih of March, at 30
hours old it weighed Solhs. On the 13th
day of April, al one month old, I again
weighed-him and he weighed 17libs.,
having gained 961bs." fie says nothing
of the management of hi* calf, hut from
the fact that he gained within a very
small fraction of 31b*. per day, at th?*
pjirlv Miro nf one month, it is verv evident
tlial i.e could have had nothing hut milk.
This case goes to pro\e very satisfator.L
what the absorbent vessel, will accomplish,
when thev an* all put to work, and it 1
shows further the great importance of
bringing them into action as soon as
practicable after birth. may he urged
that milk is more digestible, and therefore
more readily converted into fat or flesh, :
and will produce a greater result than any j
other food that can he taken into the
stomach ; this I will not undertake to
gainsav. But i am of opinion; that there
are other article* of food, if properly pre- '
pared which wit! produce as great an in- j
crease, in the same time, in an animal thai
fins been well fr.d front its birth, after it is of j
proper age to masticate those articles.
Judging from the result that I have ohtained
from other articles of food, 1 am
well satisfied that three pounds per day
can be gained, from the time a well kept
calf quits sucking until if attains its full
size, but at what age it will attain its full j
size, but at what age it will attain its full j
size I am not prepared to say. It is true 1
I have never fed with a view to ascertain j
what quantity an animal could accumulate ,
i. a given period. I have weighed sever.il
of my calves at birth, hur not after- 1
wards, to know what they had increased j
ex- ept Indian Chief, a red and white hull
by imported Champion, out of a full blood- '
cd cow, dropped on tin; *29ih of January '
1837, rather an u;ifavorabl'.i time of the ;
year for rapid growth. For the first
month he sucked addiibitum; after this he
was allowed three teats night and morn- 1
... .n. .. i
ing until lie commenced feeding. atter
i
tins two teats until lie was weaned, which !
was at about ten month* old. After this
he was well led. with calves of his own
age, until he was sixteen months old. hut
with no special care or attention to make ,
him increase rapidly. At this lime I
separated him from the other calves and ,
weighed him. he weighed 1100 lbs. 1;
then placed him in d r the superintend- j
nnce of a confidential hoy, with instruc. 1
Hons to take good care of him, that I
. ... i
should weigh him again in six months. 1 I
saw him generally two or three times a
week, and sometimes oftener, and instructed
the bov how to procett<|. He had an
acre lot to run on, though thcie was very
little grass that year?was fed upon cut
oats or rye straw, mixed with com cohb !
crushed in a common bnrU mill, pumpkins j
and crushed corn, green corn tops and
fodder and husks cut with a straw cutter,
and mixed with crushed corn and cobb.
At the expiration of six months ho weighed
1520 lbs., having gained 420 lbs, or
tuo pounds and a third per day. 1 have j
always thought if, I had taken him under '
mv particular care and keeping, and van- j
ed nis food, and instead of so much crush- |
|
ed com and com cohl), sulst tilled corn
meal, bteis earr K and parsnips < r even
turnips, and cooked the whole, tiiat he
would have gained three pounds per day
Many oilier cases could he adduced to
show the great advantage <V* carlv teed- j
ing. qnd I think it very qu t ouui I . j
whether u $.ngle case ofgreq? iner-.ase, in i
any animal cap lie adduced where the j
animal was not well fed in early life. Nor i
I
do I believe that we could, bv any process
of feeding, induce an old animal that lias
been stiugly fed in early life, to take on (
520lbs. in six mouths. It is like p itting ,
new wine into old bottles; the bold 8 will |
burst and the wine will run out, but if von (
put new wine into new bottles, and the {
wine fermiMiteth, the bottles will stretch,
so as to suit the fermentative process. A
bullock of seven years old, that has been '
badly raised, will consume inure^in any I 1
given time, than one of the same age tiiat 1
has been well ted from his birth, and will 1
not improve as much. He can take as 1
much into his stoma :h as the otl; nut |
it will pass out by the draught. He has I
not the suine. capacity of the absorbent i
vessels, to suck up the thinner particles of j
nourishment, and distribute to the extern* |
al parts; he will void more excrement, and
:? ?:iM.. i u,.
it inn UC,(U^^V.JIU u.uvu inan
the excrement of the other. It may he
urged that the two cases cited above were
i.olh Durham*, and that the same results 1
cannot be obtained from the comm< n j
stock under any system of feeding; g ant
it if you please?but I apprehend there
c.annot he more than a hundred per ce:s .
difference betwixt the common stock arid
the Durham*?if not, an animal of the
common stock, fed as the Indian Chief,
would yield 760 lbs. gross at 22 month*?
old?deduct 260 lbs. for gross, and you
have 500 lbs. of fine tender mahogany
beef, that is beef tiiat ha* the fat well interspersed
with the lean or muscular.part.
Now let me ask how many of the common
cattle, under the present system of feed
ing, will give you 500 lbs. of good beef at
five years old ? I leave the answer with !
you. There is another very decided advantage
that early feeding has over the
present protracted system, if your object
is only to raise for beef. According to |
the present system it requires six or seven
years to raise an animal that will bring
forty dollars; during the whole of this
time you incur the risk of his dying, you
.miiuiima rnn.rt limn III fY>,;irl I r> (T ihllll I Will
?. \MM|||UC ?MW| V ilMIW Ml V WMI ?? . ..... .
in 22 months, and you are lying out of
the use of your money; whereas I have
sold Miy calf, am clear of risk,can employ
:riy time in some other way, and have my
money to shave upon, by which process,
at the present rate of lending, I could
more than double it. These are matters
?some of them at least?that should not
he lost sight of by the slock raiser and
feeder. '
Having taken a hastv view of the
\
management o( horned cattle, we now t
propose to say some thing in regard to the
management and feeding of hogs. The
n P n
h?ig deserves oar sympathies and our
rare. \Vc derive nest' of our animal
food from it ; we ought not to pass him
by unnoticed. The common treatment
in this country has been heretofore, very
much like the treatment to our horned 1
cattle, hut I am delighted to say thut our
sympathies lias been awakened and our j
care greatly increased in some portion of
our State, toward this valuable animal.
Still we find a majority of farine s
travelling the beaten track?my dada did
tuus and s<>, and he knew how to do .
things about as well as most men?he I
raised as big hogs as his neighbors, and I I
dont see how 1 can expect to do any bet. I
ter. This may be all very well, but as
this is the age of improvement, let us '
try to do belter than our fathers did, and '
let each one by his good precepts and examples,
stimulate his neighbors to iin
prove in all things, especially in doing to 1
hint as he would be done by. Tne practice,
vet ton prevalent amongst us, is to
feed them very stingily or grudgingly
during the tirst winter,?in the spring .
tliev are turned into the woods to *'root (
hog or die." If by good luck or hard <
labor thev should live through the sum0
v ?
rner and fall, they receive the same scan, i
tv allowance and niggardlv attention 1
during the second winter. The next !
spring and summer they have to provide !
for themselves, as they did the previous
spring and summer, and the fall following ]
they are hunted up and gathered togeth. |
er, some having gone to neighbor B.'s
some to neighbor C.'s, and some to a third
place, to see if their hogs were any better
treated. t
When all are collected, some without
an ear, some without an eye, and Ire- 1
(juentlv a broken thigh or leg, the owner 1
tries to console himself by thinking they
are not much worse than my neighbors,
and 1 am in hopes I shall be able to kill as
much meat as will do my family. I wonder
if there is any one present that has ,
ever caught himself soliloquizing in this
way. If so, I hope he will excuse me (
for drawing a picture that portrays his
iivm irrnmunl witK Inn mnnl> nnmirncr i
Willi llfU IIMH_.II l|?A iim'M i
F>om two to three years old they are "put
up," (as we say in common parlance) to
fence to fit en. At this time there is not
more than one in ten that will weigh over
lOOlhs., and generally a large majority
fall below SOlbs. The enclosure where '
they are to be fattened is always made in
a hurry, without any regard to comfort
and the first rain that falls after they are '
out up, thev are to their bellies in mud. .
Corn is now thrown to them in profusion |
?tliev cat m? re than they can digest? |
become feverish, and thrive but badlv, <
because their absorbent vessels have nut <
thecpac'ty Co lake up the thinner par-,
tide* of nourishment from the stomach
and other bowels, and carry it to the cell- (
ilhtr membrane, where t 8 converted into
fal. At the end of ten or twelve weeks;
tjiu hogs are killed, a majority weigh
about 125, some 150, and occasionally
one wjli reacli 175lbs.; when? v ;r this haj pens,
the owner says, this was always a
wore thrifty pig than the others. When
they are opened, their livers and messcnler
c glands show evident signs of disease, j
Owing probably to an inability in those
o:?rts to sennrale a healthy fluid from the
blood, because the blood a much richer*
and lias inure gross matter infused into
it tlmu when the animal was sparingly
fed. It verv frequently happens that a
t slips into the pen with the fattening
iifgs, and remains until they are killi
d. lie fattens faster than any animal
in the pen, and rather than turn hitn out
to get poor, he is slaughtered with tiie
others; when opened, he presents a very
different appearance from the rest, his
Hesh is white and lieautiful, has more lard
or fat over his kidney and about his bow.
els, and his lungs, liver and messenteric
glands are all in perfect health. The ahsuriients
are young, elastic, yielding, ami
have capacity tind vigor to take up and
carry to the different outposts of the
system, the fluids that were necessary
to accumulate fat and increase his weight.
Much has been said through the columns
of the Agriculturist about feeding
pigs. If we turn to the remarks of Mr.
T Fanning, and the several communications
of Dr. Martin, of Kentucky, wo
will And what can he donehy a luxurious
course of feeding. In addition, we have
the testimony of Mr. Oiinm, of Sumner
county, Mr. W R Ellisfon.and Mr. ,
r>fL Davidson, each of whom have fattened
nigs to weigh two hundred,pounds at six
months old, and I understand that Mr.
??? has one that weighs two hundred
and sixty pounds at six months old. But
amongst all the feeders, we have not a
single case of an animal that was stinted
until two or three years old, and after
wards fed freely for the purpose of show,
ing what amount of flesh and fat could
he packed upon his carcase, and I will
venture to predict, that whenever the ex.
periuient is made, under the most luxurious
mode of feodipg, that he will not inereuse
two hundred pounds in six months.
My reason for this opinion is, that the
absorbent vessels of every creature that
has been stingily or sparingly fed, until
two or three years old, have closed up
and become obliterated?or if they arcnot
lost to the system, they have circulated
so little fluid through them, that they
have not grown in diameter, so as to have
St
capacity sufficient to carry the fluids to
the several parts of the system, to make
adipose matter. We all know that the
flesh of an animal of three years old is
much tougher than one of six months old.
I would ask then if the fl.-sh is so, are
not the vessels so likewise? Most cer.
tauily. hverv one that has ever opened
a hog and taken out tho bowels, must
have noticed the large artery, lying
lengthwise and in contact with the backbone,
and when this artery was cut, he
must have perceived that it was more
like oscotis or bony matter than the integuments
or parietcs of tho abdomen,
that the knife passed through in entering
the cavity. I admit that this vessel is
amongst the strongest in every animal,
and of course one of the toughest, but all
vessels partake of the same properties of
matter, and all are governed by the same
principles and laws. They become fixed
and inelastic, and unyielding in animals,
nfter a certain age, therefore you cannot
distend them, as you can the vessels of
young animals?moreover the circulation
is more rapid in the young than the old,
the heart, the arteries, the veins, and absorbent
vessels, all circulate their several
fluids with more rapidity in young thnn
in old animals, consequently a greater accumulation
of matter can be made upon
the young than upon the old in any given
Der:od. It may be insisted by the advo
cates of the n| I Dlan. that the ni?s that
i ? ? - r r>
were led by Messrs. Fanning and others,
were Berkshire* and Woburns, and that
the same result cannot ho obtained by
feeding common stock; this is certainly I
ro, but by adopting the economy of feeding
herein proposed, you will find the i
common pig at twelve months old, much j
superior to th" adult hog at three years
aid. raised after the old plan. As an eviilenee
that I he.Oe.ve what I have here
4ated, 1 propose to give a silver cup worth
ten dollars, at the next annual meeting of
the Davidson County Agricultural Association,
to the person, male or female, j
who will produce the hest pig of the cum- I
rnon stock not mure than twelve months
old, and another cup worth ten dollars to
the peison who w.ll produce the best
y earling calf of the common stock.
I have said in the previous part of this I
iiscourse that all animated matter is made ;
jp of vessels. These vessels require to !
ae nourished, just as much as the stouiiuh,
and unhss they are supplied with a
proper quantity of nourishment, they oannot
grow, and will eventually close up,
tnd the parts .that nature intended them
lo supply will never be developed. Hve- (
ry one that has attended to the fattening
^f beef cattle and bogs must have cjisenvL'tcd
that it is much more difficult to fat
ten an animal that has been bully raise 1 (
than one that has bad suffi :ient food to ,
keep him growing from his birth. Na- i
ture has appropriated a set of v s e's to j
each oigan in the whole eron ?my. Ti e
stomach and lower intestines are supplied
with ab.-orbents, to suck up and carry to
the other parts of the animal the thinner
particles of food. This food is converted
into blood, urine, p ;r pirable matter, &<:. i
&c., and after these secretions are all 1
supplied, the balance is converted into fat. j
That the fat is the last part made out of j
the food is very evident, from the fact !
that we find blood, urine, dec., in poor1
animals. By supplying these absorbent
i vessels with a due quantity of food, they
i will increase in size and strength, arid
| suck from the crude aliment as il passes
j through the stomach and other intestines,
I a great deal of what would otherwise tiss
j into the draught or excrement and be
I lost. And if the whole of the absorbents
I are not equally supplied with nutriment,
those having their origin ;n the stomach
will get more than any other part, be
; cause the aliment is applied to them first.
Whereas those of the lower bowels, which
carry nourishment to the hips, thighs,
; and hinder extremities, remain un"rn
j ployed, unexercised, undilaied?in short,
i they are not supplied with fluid, of course
cannot grow themselves, nnd in after
life, if they should be so fortunate as to |
get food, they have not the capacity to
supply the parts to winch they belong by j
the arrangement of nature, so as to make
them equal to the other parts of the animal?hence
it is that calves, or colts, or
hogs, which have been badly raised, are
always more defective in the thigh or ham
than nny other part, and invariably more
deficient in those parts than animal*
which have been fed from their birth.?
To conclude my remarks upon this all|
important subject, I have only to add,,
that the be*t economy of feeding (in my
opinion) is to commence with our young
stock as soon,as they will take food, and
give it in such quantity and quality as to
keep them growing?never suffer any
. one to retrograde if you can prevent it.
[ would not advise that those animals
which are designed for breeders should he
kept fat. for the- reason that the powers
of the system are all concentrated, in the
process of making fat, all the secretions
ur<* carried on to accom dish this great
object?they are transferred fromevetv
oilier part to the adipose membrane, and
the secretions of the genital organs are
suspended in obedience to a law of the
j animal economy, mat two great actions
or secretions cannot he carried on at the
same time. We might say many things
about the pleasure we enjoy in looking
upon fine, sleek, well kept stock, and a
great deal upon the mortification and rei
gret that every one, of anv sensihiltv.
{ most feel, when he looks upon poor halfstarved
creatures.?Tenn. Agriculturist.
[The Physiology of Mr. Shelby is not
always correct; but this defect does not
impair the value of his practical views,
and his important facts.?Ed. Far. Gaz.]
From the American Farmer.
tiik baden corn.
Nottingham, Md. Oct. 29, 1941.
To the Editor of the American Farmer:
j 1 have coine to the conclusion that
j there can be no impropriety in informing
I you, and through you the public, of an
; experiment I have made this season up? n
I the corn known by the name of Gourdset-d,
an I Mr. J N Baden's prolific. 1
made choice in the spring of a small
piece of ground, and in order that each
sort should have the same advantage re
lalive to the fertility of the soil, and
should have the same share of cultivation,
I thought it would he best to plant one
row of the Baden, and another of the
; Gourdse^d, through the lot, making of
I each kind nn equal number of rows.?
I Last week [gathered and carefully mens,
i urod the Gourdsued, and obtained 17
; bushels?I then gathered the Baden corn.
' and it measured 28 bushels. ? As the difference
is so great, I will say that if any
one should entertain* a doubt of the cori
redness of it, it can he removed by stjch
i testimony as he may reasonably desire.
I Mr. Baden's corn not only yields by
! far ti e greatest quantity of grain, but
nearly double as much fodder as any
other I* ever cultivated?of this fact I am
so well satisfied that nothing could induce
ine to plant any other.
Yours respectfully,
J. Holiday.
f" k P n don o r\yl TA i M ... I A L
^ a iiu uaucu mm is;iiu?jj cum null
similar varieties are adapted to rich but
not to poor soils. One stalk and one ear
to tile hill will produce tnore corn in poor
land?Ed. Ga;:.]
List of Acts passed by the General Assembly
of South Carolina at the Session of
1841.
1. An ant to Raise Supplies for the year
commencing in October, 1841.
2 An act to make appropriations for
the year commencing in October, 1841.
3 An act to prevent the citizens of
Now York, from carrying slaves or per.
son* held to service out of this State, and
to prevent the escape of persons charged
with the commission of any crime.
4 An act to annex the Equity District
of Sumter, to the fourth Circuit, and to
change tue times of holding Courts there
in, and to establish a Court of Equity for
(he District* of Chesterfield and Marlborough.
5 An act to extend the Bounds of the
Jails of the several Judicial l* is t nets of
this State.
6 An act to extend the right of challenge
to Jurors.
7 An act to proven*. the Emancipation^
of. slaves, and tor other purposes.
8 An act to make she unlawful whipping
or beating of a slave, an indictable
offence.
9 An act to suspend the election of
Members of Congress from this State.
10 An act further to regulate the of- offices
of Comptroller General and theTr?v?sni-"r
?>'" the State.
11 An act to amend an art entitledaw
act to provid Cor the; retiring>k' Court
Hohxis and Jails in this S.atv. pasaed'oiv
I he 191b day of December, 1827.
12 An act to establish certain Road>
Bridges, and Ferries.
13 Arv act to authorize th * erectioo of
a Toll Gate, on the State'." L <1 near the
oalthia mountain Turnpik R id.
14 An act to provide agm>.<?i trespasses
| on the Saluda mountain Turnpike R ad*
| and to punish trespassers.
I 15 An act to prevent obstruction* to
1 the p, g.age of fish up Cau-Caw SwarupCreek,
aud to appoint commissioners of
Fish Sluices for the same.
16 An act to prevent obstructions l<v
the passage.*)! fish up Lynch's cri-. k.
17 An act to incor|K>rate certain ViU
Inges, Societies, and Companies, and to
renew and amend certain Charters heretofore
granted, and to establish the principle
*n which charters of Incorporation
will hereafter he granted.
18 An act to incorporate the Society
of the South Carolina Conference of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, for the relief'
of the children of its members.
19 An act to incorporate the Cokeshurv
Fetuale Institute of Abbeville District.
20 An act to increase the numlier oF
commissioners of Free Schools lor dfarioit.
I District.
21 An net to provide for the copyingof
old and defaced Books of Record and.
Indexed in Cha'lcslon District.
22 An act to organize a Board of Ftre;
Masters for Charleston Neck.
22 An act for the better regulation of
the inhabitants of Charleston Neck, and
to amend an act entitled an act for lite
better regulation ol the Commissioner*
j of Cross Reads of Charleston Neck,
passed on tile 13th D- cemhor. Itf40.
! 24 An act to vest i e title of tie State
| in certain escheated properly, in John.
j Bask ins.
I 25 An act to appropriate the Fine tin..
| posed by the Court on Julius Pardee, for
| killing Daniel Price, to the use of the
i Heirs of the said Daniel Price.
2(i An act to confer on George Frede.
r ok Holmes, an alien, the privilege of
applying for License to practice in the
Courts of this Siatc.
27 An act to reduce all acta and
clauses of A-is in relation to the ttilitiu.
of this State to one act, and to alter and
amend the same.
distrkss in ukkat britain. '
Extract from a letter to the Seir York
iSun, dated London, Deer. 'id. 1341.
i am sorry to be obliged to inform you
that the general depression iu all kind*
I of trade still continues, and ih ;re is little
I hope that any alteration will take place
: for the better during the wi.iter. M uy
| of the larger mills in the manufacturing
districts are wormng snort I line. ftevo..
ral have been -h it up ..Itogether, and taiU
uresare numerous and lor large amounts.
Tlit' consequence ot all this is. that tho
operatives find little or no employment*
and their situation is truly a melancholy
one. Ruin and misery stare them in the
.
face, and they see no relief in the future.
On tiie contrary, the cold and chill winter
is corning, when their sufferings will be
increased, and it is really alarming to con*
template their condition. In the middle
of the winter, unless some measures are
taken for itu ir relief, thousands must
perish Irom want. Meetings are held in
the metropolis and the large towns for
the purpose of raising funds, hut where
there are so many thousands out ot em.
ploy, and on trie brink of the grave from
i long and severe privations, it will require
an immense sum to keep them from starv.
ing through the winter. In Paisley,
where the distress appear a to be so very
.1 i_ -i' : "
; severe, utousuuu* 01 persons urn suusisi.
mg upon (he scanty allowance ot tiro ait J
I ihree cents per (lay ! ! Government ha*
proposed emigration on a large scale, by
which hundreds of thousands of the inia.
?r.iDly poor may be sent out of thit country
to some other where they can obtain
the means ot subsistence by labor.
EMIGRATION FROM LIVKRPOol,.
The following is a statement of emi.
grant departures from the port of Liverpool,
between the 1st January and 31st
October 1841?British Colonies of North
Amarica. 3,870; United States of Amen
ca, 34,928; Sydney, JNew South Wales,
5,748; Port Philip, 1,439,117; giving a
total of 1.452,633 V.
ABSTRACT OF TUB TREASURY REPORT TO
THE HOUSE OF REFRBSlIfTATZVRS.
I. Of the Public Revenue and Expend*.
twe.
The balance in the Treasury on the 1st
January* 1611, (exclusive of the amount