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V*' ' x *7 .. *.? ; ' _T * - V * 'w?J ' V ' * - N ^ # _ ^ +*L A jM" ^ rVHH ^ a a A A / -t^jiffik ^w \ v Xg I v ^Ml?I??P? ???- - ..'OBMMHBMW fc?#??1** ' VOLIFME VII CHER AW, SOU l'H-CA KOLINA^ WEDNESDAY, JANUAKY 5, .1842 NUMBERS. " ' ? -' ' By M. 1H1 AC LEA\. Tunas:-?Pu >Ii?h?d weekly Ht three dollart a year; witli an addition, when not paid within three mootha,?? f twenty per cent }>er annum. Two new su'.f crilnrs may take the paper at five dollars in a ivunce; ami ten at twenty. Four subscrih >rs, tint receiving their piper* in town, may p.i f a year's subscription with leu dollar*, in advan fu A year** subscription always dun in advance. ' Papers not dis Sunttnued to solvent subscribers | in arrears. % Adoertieement rnot exceeding lfilines inserted or one dollar the first lime, and fifty cents each nbseqnent time. Fnf insertions at interval* of two wv-'ks 75 cents if er the fir*t, and a dollar it* the interval* rure I mger. Payment due in odvanoe for advertise u nis. When the numtar of insertions is not d larked on the c ?j?v. the advertisement will bo inserted, and charged til irdsmd out. irw'fli. ..itaiirn must h? nuid on letters to the u r- --e>- ? i - ? editor on the ol" (lie r KOCONOMY i>!.-'FRRMXU STOCK. Frivn an \?''?ln*ss l?v J. iShelbv. hoforethe T iiimcc 5 ate A? recallural .Socio y, at ! i third annual meeting, on the 13th of O . H41 At our last ai I ml meeting we discus. [ aed the Philos-v y >t lireeding*" We propose'at j>r-.1 10 give our opinion ti|M?ii tho Kconofity ot Feeding, as being intimately connected with the other. We ?lo not intend a minute detail of the differu ent articles ot food that are in coinnton use * amongst feeders. Our principal object is to call visit attention to the period of animal life, lhal requires our most particular attention and especially those animals intended liy nature for the consumption of nan. It is proper to promise that a'd animated nature is made up of a scries of vesM.Lt, even the solid hone, and sinewy tendon, are congeries of vessels so delirate in their stucture that they cannot be discovered hy the naked eye. The stointo ino ii 'Ail ? ntunln AT fVwirl* htii'u it undergoes the Hist digestive process. It is then taken up by the absorbent ves s-Lsand distributed to the other parts of lite system. From this it is evident thai the grow th of ih<- animal depends as much tipoti a liberal Mrpply to the absorbents, as to the stomach. The well established principle, that self-preservation is the first law of nature, is as clearly shown in an animal (nut has been simply led, as it can be by any evidence (but could bead* duccd. We all know (hat nn animal that has been furnished with about one-half of what it could consume and convert into nourishment, has a stomach and head i disproportionately large for the balance of the system. Tuc stomach being the de|Hisi(ary? lakes care of itself before it div. ' ides with the oilier parts, then tin; hrain comes in tor its share, because the brain supplies the principle of vitality to tiie 1 stomach, through the car vangum or : eighth pair of nerves; hence those parts grow in preference to the. other parts of the animal. The stomach, in return for this kind office. sends the brain a portion of its scanty allowance and if any parts of the system are to sulf r, it will most * c -Mainly he those parts most remote Irom a.id least conuuc ve to. the operations of the stomach ami bruin.?The intimate connection ami dependence betwixt the stomach and brain,?their reprocity of j f -cling and interest, has been satisfactory ly established by the experiments of SpillIcnzorii and Dr. Phillip VVillson ; they separated the eighth pair of nerves in ral>- j bits and dogs, for the purpose of demonstrating dial digestion was dependant upon them, and in everv instance digestion J . * . . . i was suspended and a lingering oeain was | Iht* coiMi-qticnce. This being ascertain* cd, it goes to prove, very satisfactorily ? to my mind at least?why the stomach and brain continue to grow,in preference to the other parts, in badly fed animals. Audit rail not be otherwise until we alter our present system ot managing and feeding stock. Let :'s take a hastv view of the general management of that most invaluable < f all animals, the milk cow. The common practice in this country, is not to feed her during the summer, and but very little during the winter, unless she is giving milk?and even then her allowance is vcrv sparingly and grudgingly dealt out. As for her poor call', it is generally tied to t ie fence until the mother is stripped of cv<ry drop, it is then lei loose, to annoy the cow while she is voraciously swallow, ing a few rotten nubbins of Indian corn, f i. i i? or voinr nuny mouiuering straw or corn, husks. Af the Iprtiijiiriiioti pt winter they $rg {ppped |jiIq the woods to shift for . BHh fhemsclvps, and a poor shift it is, for not ;nore than two-thirds, and perhaps not fnore th&n one half, survive the second JB w inter. When winter comes round, if JF the old cow has a calf, she receives the lame kind oj treatment of the previous H ^ winter, and ii may he that she will get a 9 morsel of bran, and as a great treat, an pccasional turnip peel or pumpkin rind, but the yoqng yearling is generally chunked off by the hovs, until the otd cow |icks her morsel from the ground, provided J fhe old sow aqd pigs tjont't get the better half?but the poor yearling nothing pntil the (fend qf vyintpr?and jt is called the dead of winter with great propriety, for it is certain death to cqany a staryod > ? - .*7'4 i ., i pair, stintecj pigs or negtecien lamu. Wlien this killing period arrives, the Yearling is allowed to have a morsel of the dain/ies that were laid up in store for bw mother, his thrown upon the ground, and generally upon the road side, it would seem, if the object of the owner was to have tiie creature annoyed us much as possible, bv travellers of passing stock? or it is thrown into the stable lot, where every animal, horse, cow. sheep, and hog, are fed together, each contended for his shnr-o'tho cmty allow iiice. This is > the general auw o tr stmenl, to a crea-11 ture timt yields us milk cream, butter, chee*e, !>eaf. liglit for our eyes, and more luxuries than all other domestic nnim ils, , ?besides shots and hoots, ac also many articles that are manufactured f.om her horns and Imucs. At the end of six or seven years, depending in some measure upon the wants of t ie owner?/ cannot say feeder?this calf that we have before mentioned, is turned into the corn field to fatten for beof, generally in the latter i part of August, when- he usuaIjy remains Unfit Chris trrttb? or New Velir/Dijring this period he consumes by eating or trampling under foot, us much as would j have fed him bountifully for two years of j - ri:c_ ?I ?il jne cany pan hi his me, pnm i>:u < had been judiciously prepared and administered. Sometime in the Christian holidays he is slaughtered, and if he weighs j 550 lbs. and yields some fifty or sixty pounds of tallow, it is called a good turn ! out, but with due deference to those who adopt this plan of feeding and raising < stock, I heg leave to sav, that I call it a very poor hu-i-i-ss in evi ry re-p. Ci, and it never can he otherwise under such a system of feeding and management. v c3 ? Let ns look at tile opposite side of the 1 picture and setfwhat can be done by a different mode of feeding and managemerit. I will give you a case or two directly in point. Mr. J.C. Rudsill, near Raleigh, in the Western District of Tennc9ee. sa vs in a letter to the editors of the Agriculturist, "On the 4th of last January 1 purchased of J. Shelby of Nashville, a cow <>f the Short Horn Durham breed, in calf to his splendid hull Frederic. She had her calf on the 1 Hih of March, at 30 hours old it weighed Solhs. On the 13th day of April, al one month old, I again weighed-him and he weighed 17libs., having gained 961bs." fie says nothing of the management of hi* calf, hut from the fact that he gained within a very small fraction of 31b*. per day, at th?* pjirlv Miro nf one month, it is verv evident tlial i.e could have had nothing hut milk. This case goes to pro\e very satisfator.L what the absorbent vessel, will accomplish, when thev an* all put to work, and it 1 shows further the great importance of bringing them into action as soon as practicable after birth. may he urged that milk is more digestible, and therefore more readily converted into fat or flesh, : and will produce a greater result than any j other food that can he taken into the stomach ; this I will not undertake to gainsav. But i am of opinion; that there are other article* of food, if properly pre- ' pared which wit! produce as great an in- j crease, in the same time, in an animal thai fins been well fr.d front its birth, after it is of j proper age to masticate those articles. Judging from the result that I have ohtained from other articles of food, 1 am well satisfied that three pounds per day can be gained, from the time a well kept calf quits sucking until if attains its full size, but at what age it will attain its full j size, but at what age it will attain its full j size I am not prepared to say. It is true 1 I have never fed with a view to ascertain j what quantity an animal could accumulate , i. a given period. I have weighed sever.il of my calves at birth, hur not after- 1 wards, to know what they had increased j ex- ept Indian Chief, a red and white hull by imported Champion, out of a full blood- ' cd cow, dropped on tin; *29ih of January ' 1837, rather an u;ifavorabl'.i time of the ; year for rapid growth. For the first month he sucked addiibitum; after this he was allowed three teats night and morn- 1 ... .n. .. i ing until lie commenced feeding. atter i tins two teats until lie was weaned, which ! was at about ten month* old. After this he was well led. with calves of his own age, until he was sixteen months old. hut with no special care or attention to make , him increase rapidly. At this lime I separated him from the other calves and , weighed him. he weighed 1100 lbs. 1; then placed him in d r the superintend- j nnce of a confidential hoy, with instruc. 1 Hons to take good care of him, that I . ... i should weigh him again in six months. 1 I saw him generally two or three times a week, and sometimes oftener, and instructed the bov how to procett<|. He had an acre lot to run on, though thcie was very little grass that year?was fed upon cut oats or rye straw, mixed with com cohb ! crushed in a common bnrU mill, pumpkins j and crushed corn, green corn tops and fodder and husks cut with a straw cutter, and mixed with crushed corn and cobb. At the expiration of six months ho weighed 1520 lbs., having gained 420 lbs, or tuo pounds and a third per day. 1 have j always thought if, I had taken him under ' mv particular care and keeping, and van- j ed nis food, and instead of so much crush- | | ed com and com cohl), sulst tilled corn meal, bteis earr K and parsnips < r even turnips, and cooked the whole, tiiat he would have gained three pounds per day Many oilier cases could he adduced to show the great advantage <V* carlv teed- j ing. qnd I think it very qu t ouui I . j whether u $.ngle case ofgreq? iner-.ase, in i any animal cap lie adduced where the j animal was not well fed in early life. Nor i I do I believe that we could, bv any process of feeding, induce an old animal that lias been stiugly fed in early life, to take on ( 520lbs. in six mouths. It is like p itting , new wine into old bottles; the bold 8 will | burst and the wine will run out, but if von ( put new wine into new bottles, and the { wine fermiMiteth, the bottles will stretch, so as to suit the fermentative process. A bullock of seven years old, that has been ' badly raised, will consume inure^in any I 1 given time, than one of the same age tiiat 1 has been well ted from his birth, and will 1 not improve as much. He can take as 1 much into his stoma :h as the otl; nut | it will pass out by the draught. He has I not the suine. capacity of the absorbent i vessels, to suck up the thinner particles of j nourishment, and distribute to the extern* | al parts; he will void more excrement, and :? ?:iM.. i u,. it inn UC,(U^^V.JIU u.uvu inan the excrement of the other. It may he urged that the two cases cited above were i.olh Durham*, and that the same results 1 cannot be obtained from the comm< n j stock under any system of feeding; g ant it if you please?but I apprehend there c.annot he more than a hundred per ce:s . difference betwixt the common stock arid the Durham*?if not, an animal of the common stock, fed as the Indian Chief, would yield 760 lbs. gross at 22 month*? old?deduct 260 lbs. for gross, and you have 500 lbs. of fine tender mahogany beef, that is beef tiiat ha* the fat well interspersed with the lean or muscular.part. Now let me ask how many of the common cattle, under the present system of feed ing, will give you 500 lbs. of good beef at five years old ? I leave the answer with ! you. There is another very decided advantage that early feeding has over the present protracted system, if your object is only to raise for beef. According to | the present system it requires six or seven years to raise an animal that will bring forty dollars; during the whole of this time you incur the risk of his dying, you .miiuiima rnn.rt limn III fY>,;irl I r> (T ihllll I Will ?. \MM|||UC ?MW| V ilMIW Ml V WMI ?? . ..... . in 22 months, and you are lying out of the use of your money; whereas I have sold Miy calf, am clear of risk,can employ :riy time in some other way, and have my money to shave upon, by which process, at the present rate of lending, I could more than double it. These are matters ?some of them at least?that should not he lost sight of by the slock raiser and feeder. ' Having taken a hastv view of the \ management o( horned cattle, we now t propose to say some thing in regard to the management and feeding of hogs. The n P n h?ig deserves oar sympathies and our rare. \Vc derive nest' of our animal food from it ; we ought not to pass him by unnoticed. The common treatment in this country has been heretofore, very much like the treatment to our horned 1 cattle, hut I am delighted to say thut our sympathies lias been awakened and our j care greatly increased in some portion of our State, toward this valuable animal. Still we find a majority of farine s travelling the beaten track?my dada did tuus and s<>, and he knew how to do . things about as well as most men?he I raised as big hogs as his neighbors, and I I dont see how 1 can expect to do any bet. I ter. This may be all very well, but as this is the age of improvement, let us ' try to do belter than our fathers did, and ' let each one by his good precepts and examples, stimulate his neighbors to iin prove in all things, especially in doing to 1 hint as he would be done by. Tne practice, vet ton prevalent amongst us, is to feed them very stingily or grudgingly during the tirst winter,?in the spring . tliev are turned into the woods to *'root ( hog or die." If by good luck or hard < labor thev should live through the sum0 v ? rner and fall, they receive the same scan, i tv allowance and niggardlv attention 1 during the second winter. The next ! spring and summer they have to provide ! for themselves, as they did the previous spring and summer, and the fall following ] they are hunted up and gathered togeth. | er, some having gone to neighbor B.'s some to neighbor C.'s, and some to a third place, to see if their hogs were any better treated. t When all are collected, some without an ear, some without an eye, and Ire- 1 (juentlv a broken thigh or leg, the owner 1 tries to console himself by thinking they are not much worse than my neighbors, and 1 am in hopes I shall be able to kill as much meat as will do my family. I wonder if there is any one present that has , ever caught himself soliloquizing in this way. If so, I hope he will excuse me ( for drawing a picture that portrays his iivm irrnmunl witK Inn mnnl> nnmirncr i Willi llfU IIMH_.II l|?A iim'M i F>om two to three years old they are "put up," (as we say in common parlance) to fence to fit en. At this time there is not more than one in ten that will weigh over lOOlhs., and generally a large majority fall below SOlbs. The enclosure where ' they are to be fattened is always made in a hurry, without any regard to comfort and the first rain that falls after they are ' out up, thev are to their bellies in mud. . Corn is now thrown to them in profusion | ?tliev cat m? re than they can digest? | become feverish, and thrive but badlv, < because their absorbent vessels have nut < thecpac'ty Co lake up the thinner par-, tide* of nourishment from the stomach and other bowels, and carry it to the cell- ( ilhtr membrane, where t 8 converted into fal. At the end of ten or twelve weeks; tjiu hogs are killed, a majority weigh about 125, some 150, and occasionally one wjli reacli 175lbs.; when? v ;r this haj pens, the owner says, this was always a wore thrifty pig than the others. When they are opened, their livers and messcnler c glands show evident signs of disease, j Owing probably to an inability in those o:?rts to sennrale a healthy fluid from the blood, because the blood a much richer* and lias inure gross matter infused into it tlmu when the animal was sparingly fed. It verv frequently happens that a t slips into the pen with the fattening iifgs, and remains until they are killi d. lie fattens faster than any animal in the pen, and rather than turn hitn out to get poor, he is slaughtered with tiie others; when opened, he presents a very different appearance from the rest, his Hesh is white and lieautiful, has more lard or fat over his kidney and about his bow. els, and his lungs, liver and messenteric glands are all in perfect health. The ahsuriients are young, elastic, yielding, ami have capacity tind vigor to take up and carry to the different outposts of the system, the fluids that were necessary to accumulate fat and increase his weight. Much has been said through the columns of the Agriculturist about feeding pigs. If we turn to the remarks of Mr. T Fanning, and the several communications of Dr. Martin, of Kentucky, wo will And what can he donehy a luxurious course of feeding. In addition, we have the testimony of Mr. Oiinm, of Sumner county, Mr. W R Ellisfon.and Mr. , r>fL Davidson, each of whom have fattened nigs to weigh two hundred,pounds at six months old, and I understand that Mr. ??? has one that weighs two hundred and sixty pounds at six months old. But amongst all the feeders, we have not a single case of an animal that was stinted until two or three years old, and after wards fed freely for the purpose of show, ing what amount of flesh and fat could he packed upon his carcase, and I will venture to predict, that whenever the ex. periuient is made, under the most luxurious mode of feodipg, that he will not inereuse two hundred pounds in six months. My reason for this opinion is, that the absorbent vessels of every creature that has been stingily or sparingly fed, until two or three years old, have closed up and become obliterated?or if they arcnot lost to the system, they have circulated so little fluid through them, that they have not grown in diameter, so as to have St capacity sufficient to carry the fluids to the several parts of the system, to make adipose matter. We all know that the flesh of an animal of three years old is much tougher than one of six months old. I would ask then if the fl.-sh is so, are not the vessels so likewise? Most cer. tauily. hverv one that has ever opened a hog and taken out tho bowels, must have noticed the large artery, lying lengthwise and in contact with the backbone, and when this artery was cut, he must have perceived that it was more like oscotis or bony matter than the integuments or parietcs of tho abdomen, that the knife passed through in entering the cavity. I admit that this vessel is amongst the strongest in every animal, and of course one of the toughest, but all vessels partake of the same properties of matter, and all are governed by the same principles and laws. They become fixed and inelastic, and unyielding in animals, nfter a certain age, therefore you cannot distend them, as you can the vessels of young animals?moreover the circulation is more rapid in the young than the old, the heart, the arteries, the veins, and absorbent vessels, all circulate their several fluids with more rapidity in young thnn in old animals, consequently a greater accumulation of matter can be made upon the young than upon the old in any given Der:od. It may be insisted by the advo cates of the n| I Dlan. that the ni?s that i ? ? - r r> were led by Messrs. Fanning and others, were Berkshire* and Woburns, and that the same result cannot ho obtained by feeding common stock; this is certainly I ro, but by adopting the economy of feeding herein proposed, you will find the i common pig at twelve months old, much j superior to th" adult hog at three years aid. raised after the old plan. As an eviilenee that I he.Oe.ve what I have here 4ated, 1 propose to give a silver cup worth ten dollars, at the next annual meeting of the Davidson County Agricultural Association, to the person, male or female, j who will produce the hest pig of the cum- I rnon stock not mure than twelve months old, and another cup worth ten dollars to the peison who w.ll produce the best y earling calf of the common stock. I have said in the previous part of this I iiscourse that all animated matter is made ; jp of vessels. These vessels require to ! ae nourished, just as much as the stouiiuh, and unhss they are supplied with a proper quantity of nourishment, they oannot grow, and will eventually close up, tnd the parts .that nature intended them lo supply will never be developed. Hve- ( ry one that has attended to the fattening ^f beef cattle and bogs must have cjisenvL'tcd that it is much more difficult to fat ten an animal that has been bully raise 1 ( than one that has bad suffi :ient food to , keep him growing from his birth. Na- i ture has appropriated a set of v s e's to j each oigan in the whole eron ?my. Ti e stomach and lower intestines are supplied with ab.-orbents, to suck up and carry to the other parts of the animal the thinner particles of food. This food is converted into blood, urine, p ;r pirable matter, &<:. i &c., and after these secretions are all 1 supplied, the balance is converted into fat. j That the fat is the last part made out of j the food is very evident, from the fact ! that we find blood, urine, dec., in poor1 animals. By supplying these absorbent i vessels with a due quantity of food, they i will increase in size and strength, arid | suck from the crude aliment as il passes j through the stomach and other intestines, I a great deal of what would otherwise tiss j into the draught or excrement and be I lost. And if the whole of the absorbents I are not equally supplied with nutriment, those having their origin ;n the stomach will get more than any other part, be ; cause the aliment is applied to them first. Whereas those of the lower bowels, which carry nourishment to the hips, thighs, ; and hinder extremities, remain un"rn j ployed, unexercised, undilaied?in short, i they are not supplied with fluid, of course cannot grow themselves, nnd in after life, if they should be so fortunate as to | get food, they have not the capacity to supply the parts to winch they belong by j the arrangement of nature, so as to make them equal to the other parts of the animal?hence it is that calves, or colts, or hogs, which have been badly raised, are always more defective in the thigh or ham than nny other part, and invariably more deficient in those parts than animal* which have been fed from their birth.? To conclude my remarks upon this all| important subject, I have only to add,, that the be*t economy of feeding (in my opinion) is to commence with our young stock as soon,as they will take food, and give it in such quantity and quality as to keep them growing?never suffer any . one to retrograde if you can prevent it. [ would not advise that those animals which are designed for breeders should he kept fat. for the- reason that the powers of the system are all concentrated, in the process of making fat, all the secretions ur<* carried on to accom dish this great object?they are transferred fromevetv oilier part to the adipose membrane, and the secretions of the genital organs are suspended in obedience to a law of the j animal economy, mat two great actions or secretions cannot he carried on at the same time. We might say many things about the pleasure we enjoy in looking upon fine, sleek, well kept stock, and a great deal upon the mortification and rei gret that every one, of anv sensihiltv. { most feel, when he looks upon poor halfstarved creatures.?Tenn. Agriculturist. [The Physiology of Mr. Shelby is not always correct; but this defect does not impair the value of his practical views, and his important facts.?Ed. Far. Gaz.] From the American Farmer. tiik baden corn. Nottingham, Md. Oct. 29, 1941. To the Editor of the American Farmer: j 1 have coine to the conclusion that j there can be no impropriety in informing I you, and through you the public, of an ; experiment I have made this season up? n I the corn known by the name of Gourdset-d, an I Mr. J N Baden's prolific. 1 made choice in the spring of a small piece of ground, and in order that each sort should have the same advantage re lalive to the fertility of the soil, and should have the same share of cultivation, I thought it would he best to plant one row of the Baden, and another of the ; Gourdse^d, through the lot, making of I each kind nn equal number of rows.? I Last week [gathered and carefully mens, i urod the Gourdsued, and obtained 17 ; bushels?I then gathered the Baden corn. ' and it measured 28 bushels. ? As the difference is so great, I will say that if any one should entertain* a doubt of the cori redness of it, it can he removed by stjch i testimony as he may reasonably desire. I Mr. Baden's corn not only yields by ! far ti e greatest quantity of grain, but nearly double as much fodder as any other I* ever cultivated?of this fact I am so well satisfied that nothing could induce ine to plant any other. Yours respectfully, J. Holiday. f" k P n don o r\yl TA i M ... I A L ^ a iiu uaucu mm is;iiu?jj cum null similar varieties are adapted to rich but not to poor soils. One stalk and one ear to tile hill will produce tnore corn in poor land?Ed. Ga;:.] List of Acts passed by the General Assembly of South Carolina at the Session of 1841. 1. An ant to Raise Supplies for the year commencing in October, 1841. 2 An act to make appropriations for the year commencing in October, 1841. 3 An act to prevent the citizens of Now York, from carrying slaves or per. son* held to service out of this State, and to prevent the escape of persons charged with the commission of any crime. 4 An act to annex the Equity District of Sumter, to the fourth Circuit, and to change tue times of holding Courts there in, and to establish a Court of Equity for (he District* of Chesterfield and Marlborough. 5 An act to extend the Bounds of the Jails of the several Judicial l* is t nets of this State. 6 An act to extend the right of challenge to Jurors. 7 An act to proven*. the Emancipation^ of. slaves, and tor other purposes. 8 An act to make she unlawful whipping or beating of a slave, an indictable offence. 9 An act to suspend the election of Members of Congress from this State. 10 An act further to regulate the of- offices of Comptroller General and theTr?v?sni-"r ?>'" the State. 11 An act to amend an art entitledaw act to provid Cor the; retiring>k' Court Hohxis and Jails in this S.atv. pasaed'oiv I he 191b day of December, 1827. 12 An act to establish certain Road> Bridges, and Ferries. 13 Arv act to authorize th * erectioo of a Toll Gate, on the State'." L <1 near the oalthia mountain Turnpik R id. 14 An act to provide agm>.<?i trespasses | on the Saluda mountain Turnpike R ad* | and to punish trespassers. I 15 An act to prevent obstruction* to 1 the p, g.age of fish up Cau-Caw SwarupCreek, aud to appoint commissioners of Fish Sluices for the same. 16 An act to prevent obstructions l<v the passage.*)! fish up Lynch's cri-. k. 17 An act to incor|K>rate certain ViU Inges, Societies, and Companies, and to renew and amend certain Charters heretofore granted, and to establish the principle *n which charters of Incorporation will hereafter he granted. 18 An act to incorporate the Society of the South Carolina Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, for the relief' of the children of its members. 19 An act to incorporate the Cokeshurv Fetuale Institute of Abbeville District. 20 An act to increase the numlier oF commissioners of Free Schools lor dfarioit. I District. 21 An net to provide for the copyingof old and defaced Books of Record and. Indexed in Cha'lcslon District. 22 An act to organize a Board of Ftre; Masters for Charleston Neck. 22 An act for the better regulation of the inhabitants of Charleston Neck, and to amend an act entitled an act for lite better regulation ol the Commissioner* j of Cross Reads of Charleston Neck, passed on tile 13th D- cemhor. Itf40. ! 24 An act to vest i e title of tie State | in certain escheated properly, in John. j Bask ins. I 25 An act to appropriate the Fine tin.. | posed by the Court on Julius Pardee, for | killing Daniel Price, to the use of the i Heirs of the said Daniel Price. 2(i An act to confer on George Frede. r ok Holmes, an alien, the privilege of applying for License to practice in the Courts of this Siatc. 27 An act to reduce all acta and clauses of A-is in relation to the ttilitiu. of this State to one act, and to alter and amend the same. distrkss in ukkat britain. ' Extract from a letter to the Seir York iSun, dated London, Deer. 'id. 1341. i am sorry to be obliged to inform you that the general depression iu all kind* I of trade still continues, and ih ;re is little I hope that any alteration will take place : for the better during the wi.iter. M uy | of the larger mills in the manufacturing districts are wormng snort I line. ftevo.. ral have been -h it up ..Itogether, and taiU uresare numerous and lor large amounts. Tlit' consequence ot all this is. that tho operatives find little or no employment* and their situation is truly a melancholy one. Ruin and misery stare them in the . face, and they see no relief in the future. On tiie contrary, the cold and chill winter is corning, when their sufferings will be increased, and it is really alarming to con* template their condition. In the middle of the winter, unless some measures are taken for itu ir relief, thousands must perish Irom want. Meetings are held in the metropolis and the large towns for the purpose of raising funds, hut where there are so many thousands out ot em. ploy, and on trie brink of the grave from i long and severe privations, it will require an immense sum to keep them from starv. ing through the winter. In Paisley, where the distress appear a to be so very .1 i_ -i' : " ; severe, utousuuu* 01 persons urn suusisi. mg upon (he scanty allowance ot tiro ait J I ihree cents per (lay ! ! Government ha* proposed emigration on a large scale, by which hundreds of thousands of the inia. ?r.iDly poor may be sent out of thit country to some other where they can obtain the means ot subsistence by labor. EMIGRATION FROM LIVKRPOol,. The following is a statement of emi. grant departures from the port of Liverpool, between the 1st January and 31st October 1841?British Colonies of North Amarica. 3,870; United States of Amen ca, 34,928; Sydney, JNew South Wales, 5,748; Port Philip, 1,439,117; giving a total of 1.452,633 V. ABSTRACT OF TUB TREASURY REPORT TO THE HOUSE OF REFRBSlIfTATZVRS. I. Of the Public Revenue and Expend*. twe. The balance in the Treasury on the 1st January* 1611, (exclusive of the amount