,"C-.,-^::'.. ill?? qfMBBt&W 4&VWMWIBW&* ;. . \
i, ?.? '-' ? - !Tgt
.; VOLUME VII CHERAW, SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1841. NUM3ER. 1 ,,J
' . ' *. vj'ifcii ' * r " '3
''<?' . *?* * ^
T????^^?????^?????i | ?
. _ . , ft- t i vinurd nnnri this hitherto ftttle
By IV. MAC LEA*.
Terms:?Published weekly at three dollars a
year; with an addition, when not paid within
three months, of twenty per cent per annum.
, <# Two new subscribers may take the paper at
fire dollars in advance; ana ten at twenty.
Four subscribers, not receiving their papers
in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten
* dollars, in advance.
A year*s subscription always due in advance.
Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers
in arrears.
Adoertisements not exceeding 16lines inserted
or one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each
nbsequent time. For insertions at intervals of
* : .two weeks 75 centsjafler the first, and a dollar
if the intervals are longer. Payment due in
advance for advertisements. When the number
of insertions is not marked on the copy, the
advertisement will be inserted, ar.d charged til
* irderedout.
ETThe postage must be paid on letters to tht
, editor on the business of the office.
From Temperance Advocate.
%.n?impnn\r a rtDTfTTT TTT1? A T. SHriETY.
H Bl TT l? r? IV I\ M AVAAVVM* -
Report on Cotton No. 2.
Mr. President: I beg leave to submit
the following remarks, upon the subject,
,, of planting, cultivating, and gathering
Cotton, as the result of my observation
and experience.
# Before planting, the land should be
w^ll bedded up, with such ploughs, (Twis- j
ters I prefer,) as will make a high, round i
bed, three feet from centie to centre, on ,
a shallow middle furrow. Breaking up 1
before bedding, is, in my opinion, seldom
done with propriety, unless done very
early, as it will generally leave too great
a depth of loose earth in the centre of the
bed, to ensure the plant's growing off
well, when young. The furrows which
make the bed, should be something like
, two inches deeper than the one which
lays off the land, to prevent a collection
of water, under the root of the plants,
which might cause the Cotton to die, during
the wet weather in May, should there
bu any. The land which is expected to
be foulest might he bedded last, and plan orl
fi ret
IVU
The distance suggested between rows,
might not suit all lands, but it is believed,
it would suit more land, than any other (
distance. I am ofopinion, however, that
more and better Cotton, could be produced
from an acre, on mast of the gray
land, in this District, by having the rows
even neaier together than suggested; for
I believe it is generally conceded, that
one stalk, when alone, will yield more
and better Cotton, thin any other num.
her, standing at the same point; and if
they interfere so materially with the pro.
duct of paeh other, when together, I think
it is clear that the more space they can
have be'tween them the better crop wo
may expect, provided the distance is not
too great to prevent the branches from
covering the whole ground, when matured.
It is, therefore, my opinion, that
whatever number of stalks might he best
to have, on a particular acre of land, that
* the distance between rows, should be se
arranged, that in thinning the Cotton,
there should be nearly, or quite the same
distance left between stalks to produce
nn fiiK/ir
?nn% iiuuiuvi ?
The plan (in;; might commence at any
time, trom the 30th of March to the 10th
of April, according to the season. This
is done by opening the bed, with a small
plough, directly in the first furrow, which,
if that furrow was very shallow, should go
nearly the same depth. The seed is
next well scattered in that furrow, put.
ting in from two to five bushels to the acre,
according to the land, the time of
planting, and the certnmty with which
they will vegetate. In covering, I prefer
a board five or six inches wide, and two
feet six inches, long, fastened on the foot
of the plough stock, with the heel bolt
through a hole near the upper edge, the
lower edge being bellowed from end to
end, with an axe or drawing-knife, th it
it may touch the round bed, from one end
of the board to the other. This is drawn
by a horse, and should be held on with
ome pressure, by the hand that cover.
particularly if rain hasfallen after bedding.
thereby destroying the young grass,
ahould there he any. This may be done
at any time, from the sowing the seed,
until they are generally sprouted.
If I use manure, when I expect much
difficulty from grass, the first two work- I
ings, I put the manure in before bedding,
and bed on it, otherwise, I prefer that the
manure, (if well pulverised,) should be
put on top of the seed in planting, as it
thus comes more directly in contact with
the fibrous roots of the plant; which I
think, brings, the most nutriment to the
support ot the stalk. And when we expect
little or no grass, there be no necessity
in chopping through, during the first
workings, to cut deep enough to take away
the manure, which might not be the
' case on very foul land.
I prefer that the seed should be placed
on, or near the unbroken earth, (provided
there is ho manure under them,) that so
- aoon as they are up, the root will have
reached the unbroken earth, and the stalk
in lengthening, will immediately grow
upwards, and be thereby rendered more
cAnvoniont tv, narticularlv with
the plough. While on the other hand, if
/the roots have a deep bed of loose earth
< under them, where the seed come up although
the stalk may be lengthened at the
same rate, vet whrle the r?>ot is running
^ . down, in search of solid earth, the top
j will remain almost stationary. A circurnj
stance which frequently attends Cotton,
on stubble land, broke up late and then
bedded up; or Cotton after Cotton on high
beds reversed, with the additional ohjection,
that it generally does worse than
Cotton after Cotton, when the beds are
simply reversed, with a shallow middle
middle furrow, and the seed placed near
i the unbroken eaith.
The working of the crop may commence,
so soon as there is "a stand" of
Cotton.?This may be done by running
two furrows in each middle, as near the
1 Cotton as can be done, without destroying
! the stand, that all which is not in a straight
line, may be destroyed, and as small a
I ridge left for the hoes to work. a9 possible.*
For this I prefer twisted shovels, if there
be much grass, running with the straight
side to the Cotton, and thus covering up
tfefc ,-yholoc iwflghip ?nay be followed by
other ploughs, so soon as the covered grass
will have had time to die, throwing the |
dirt the other way. [if one large furrow
will not fill both the first ;) this serves as
a support to the stalks, and prevents their
fallingas the hoes chop through, especially
ifthev row be foul, otherwise it might
be dispensed with, until the first hoeing.
The hoes go on before, or immediately
after the second ploughs, destroying all
vegetation, except two or three stalks of
Cotton, with from twelve to twenty inches
between, (according to the land) diminishing
the number of stalks, as they
approach the end of the first working of
the crop, or as the season advances.
Succeeding workings should be given, according
to circumstances, having regard
always to keeping the land clear of weeJs
and grass, the beds as high as at the
commencement, the stalks left standing
straight, and fresh earth, about them to
encourage their growth. I think the
crop may be benefitted, by having the
hoeings done at intermediate periods between
the ploughings, that is, the ploughings
are three weeks apart, let there be
ten or twelve days between the ploughing
and hoeing. The Cotton will thus have
fresh earth more frequently about it. The
number of workings must depend upon
circumstances, as two workings, [that is,
ploughings and hoeings. will as nearly
do justice to a crop, under some circumstances,
as four will under others.
The last working may terminate,
whenever it is probable there will be no
more grass or weeds to interfere, either
with the growth or gathering of the crop.
The thinning should be completed at
the second hoeing, as the Cotton branches
earlier and better, than if postponed to
a later period.
From the middle of July, to the 10th of
August, the Cotton should be topped,
(some say earlier.) to ensure a full crop,
.?hr, hpuor to toD later.
II1UU??1I II ITUUIU l/u uv??v. ~~r
than to omit it entirely. The loss taken
off in topping, the better. This labor
will frequently pay the planter, two or
three dollars per day, for the time his
hands are employed at it, when Cotton
brings 1212 cents per lb.
The simple process of picking out, needs
no remark. But it is the interest and
duty of every planter, to pursue that plan,
in gathering his Cotton crop, which will
come nearest saving it all, in good order,
expose the hands least to the severities
of winter, and loave the most time for
manuring, and otherwise getting his plantation
in order, for the next crop. And a
little reflection will show, that the same
hands will gather more, and better Cotton
in one day, in September and October,
than they will in two or three, when the
ground is frozen, the winds hi?rh, and the
Cotton leaves dry as snuff. No business,'
therefore, that could he avoided, should
be permitted to interfere,with tne picKing
out of the Cotton crop, that will prevent
the hands from gathering it, as fast, or
I nearly so, as it opens. By this means,
the difficulty of separating the white, from
the stained Cotton, (which every planter
should do,) will he removed. I think
820 to 850, according to the number of
hands, if laid out tor such little notions
as the hands would like to possess, nnd
placed in suitable parcels, to be awarded
to the party giving evidence of having
used the greatest industry, at the end of
every week, and the hands divided into
two parcels, as equal as practicable, would
soon be repaid by their increased labor,
and at the same time tend greatly to insure
the accomplishment of the above
object.
As my experience has been mostly,
with (Jray or Post Oak land, these remarks
are intended to be applicable to
the cultivation of that kind of land. But
it is believed, that with some slight variations,
the course here suggested, might
L- orh'onfnnrp. nn most. Or
Of puisuuu nun uu ....... .
all the land, in the middle districts of the
State.
As to the kind of Cotton, it is hardly
necessary to say, that the Petit Gulph and i
Alvarado seems to be universally preferred
by Planters, to all other kinds that
have been extensively tried. I am not aware
that either is preferrahle to the other.
Peter Hair.
From the Camden Journal.
waterer agriculture society.
The society mot at Swift Creek on
Thursday, the 4th inst. Col. James
Chesnut, sen. President of the society
presided at the meeting. The Recording
Secretary read the proceedings of the
former meeting. On motion, Gen. J W
#
Cantey was added to the committee oto
corn, small grain, root and grass crops.
The President called for reports from the
several committees.
Maj. A H Eoykin, from the committee
on cotton, made the following report:
They are unanimously of opinion, that
there will be a deficiency of at least a
fourth of an average crop, owing to the
lateness of the cotton and the severity of
the early frosts.
Capt. Thomas J Ancrum had produced
the proper certificates, and they find that
he had gathered from one acre of highland,
2,432 1-2 pounds seed cotton. Other
competitors having withdrawn, they
award the silver cup of the value of $15,
to Capt, Ancrum.
Col. James Chesnut. jr. from the committee
on corn, small grain, root and grass
crops, reported that Maj. J M DeSaussura
has produced th3" requisite voucher, and
find that he has gathered from one acre
of swamp or river land 72 1-2 bushels of
corn, and they award Maj. DeSaussure a
silver cup of the value of 510.
They also award to Mr. Lemuel Boykin
a silver cup of the same value, for
the best acre of sweet potatoes, the product
being 13.734 pounds (276 bushels.)
There being no competitors for upland
corn, no prize was awarded, and the silver
cup was directed to be placed in the hands
of the Treasurer.
Col. James Chesnut, sen. from the
committee on stock, made the following
report:
The committee on stock, in the discharge
of their duty, have viewed with
much interest, many fine animals of the
kinds exhibitad for the prizes offered by
the society, and recommend that the cups
be awarded as follows, viz:
To /Ifaj. A H Boykin, for the
best Cow, a silver cup of the
value of ? 510
To the same, for the best Bull, a
silver cup, 10
To the same, for the best Ram,
a silver cup, . 10
To the same, for the best Boar,
a silver cup, 10
To Mr. Duncan Lang, for the
best Horse Colt, under 1 year
old, a silver cup, 10
To Col. James Chesnut, for the
best Mule Colt, under 3 years
old, a silver cup, 10
The committee think proper to state
that they found great difficulty in deciding
as to superiority between the hnll of Maj.
Boykin, and one of Col. Chesnut's.?
"" O uimilop stiffifMll.
J liey UI5U icmuirv mat k o>uiilu. u..Uv..
ty was presented in deciding between a
mule of Col. W J Taylor's and that of
Col. Chesnut's, to which the cup was
awarded.
The committee request to notice with
marked approbot.on, a pig of Gen. Cantey's.
Maj. A H Boykin, from the committee
to whom was referred, at a former meeting.
a Resolution to designate what products
of the soil should be run for the ensuing
year, and the manner and form that
shall govern competitors for the premiums,
submitted the following report and
plan for the consideration of the society
*
This committee deem it of the utmost
importance that a due regard should be
had to the rearing and improvement of
stock, so indispensable to the comfort and [
true economy of every householder, as
well as those engaged in agricultural pursuits?the
utility of which has been hit herto
so greatly neglected, and from the
a. Ac onomtr on n.
present uumeu means m mu .^i^m .......
not now deem it advisable to recommend
but three products of the soil as proper
subjects for competition, viz: Cotton,
corn and sweet potatoes?and that the
following regulations and restrictions govern
members contending for prizes:
1st. As it regards cotton?not less
than two acres, in square or rectangle,
having at least 15 feet margin or border,
to separate the same from other planting
lands. Tno acres to he selected and measured
hy the owner, with one or two other
members of the society. And in good
faith such selection in no case to be made
| upon improved lands; but upon such as
have hitherto not produced more than
500 pounds seed cotton to the acre, of a
j;<?od average vear. The above shall apply
to swamp land, with this difference :
swamp land to exceed highland in proportion
of 18 o 15. Highland must go
7 rifift rtnnnrla ?wamn over 1800.?
'/*gi auvu | -? *- ? j- .
The mode of gathering?the existing rule
to govern, with the exception that tho
cotton is not to be picked oftener than
once in fifteen days. 2nd. As to corn,
they recommend that five acre9 shall be
the quantity. If highland, it must be on
such land as will not produce more than
10 bushels per acre, an average year; if
swamp, such as will not produce more
than 20 bushels, to beina body separated
and detached from other planting lands
by a margin or border of at least six feet.
The selection and measurement subject
to the regulations governing cotton. Not
to be gathered before the 1st of October.
3d. Potatoes?As a test, they think one
square acre sufficient?and they leave it
with competitors to make their own selec
tions of soil. In the gathering of this
crop, they recommend tnat the existing
fulcs of the society be adhered to.
The Report ?nd Plan were accepted.
A communication was received from
the Huntingdonshire, (England) Agricultural
Society through Mr. Goodlad, with
a copy of their constitution and bye-law9; a
list of prizes for the cattle show, and a
catalogue of the beasts, hogs, sheep and
pigs, exhibited at the Society's show at
Liverpool in July last. Also, a specimen
of various valuable seeds, with a request
that a tree intercourse and friendly communication
may be kept up between this
Society and their's, mutually benefitting
each other.
The communication was accepted.?
Whereupon, Col. Wm. J Taylor offered
the following resolution, which was adopted.
Resolved, That the corresponding Secretary
of this Society tender its thanks
to the Huntingdonshire Agricultural Society
f f England, for the various documents
transmitted to this Society, and
that he be directed to send them a copy
of fm institution, rules and bye-la*ys,
and express the willingness of this Society
to reciprocate friendly feeling9 and
good offices.
Maj. A H Boykin was appointed a delegate
to the State Agricultural Society.
Col. Win. J Taylor delivered the Anniversary
Oration, in which he displayed a
mind of great research and reflection on
the subject 01 .\gncuuure- vyuusiucicu
it one of the most laudable and honorable
pursuits; that it has been too much dis.
paragod, and entered into various considerations
in enforcing the importance of
forming Societies, as a means of general
improvement in Agriculture; and instanced
a number of examples to show
the beneficial effects in our own country
as well as abroad, from such well timed
combinations. There were many valuable
hints and suggestions in the address,
useful to the farmer and planter, and well
calculated to awaken their energies in
further enquiry and experiments in the
pursuits in which they are engaged.
After Col. Taylor had concluded his
address?on motion, The committee of
arrangements were directed to request a ;
copy of the address for publication in the !
Camden Journal.
A number of gentlemen were then proposed,
and elected in as members.
The 11th article of the constitution
was amended to read as follows: " The
Society shall determine at its meeting in
November, if practicable, or at a called i
meeting for that purpose, the kind and
ages of the stock to be shown, also what
productions of the soil shall be run for,
and to specify at such meeting, the respective
premiums."
A/aj. A H Boykin moved that the
President, at his leisure, appoint the different
committees, and that they report
at the next meeting of the Society.
A resolution wnsadepted, directing the
Secretary to have printed, in pamphlet
form, the constitution and bye-laws of
this Society, and to draw from the Treasury,
the means for defraying the expenses
of the same.
A meeting was resolved to be held on
the second Thursday in February next.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this
I meeting bo uublished in the.Cainden Jour
O A
nal.
The Society then adjourned.
J. BOYKIN,
Sec'ry. |
From the N. Y. Spirit of the Times.
tour of an american stock breeder in
england.
[Compiled from Conversations with A. B.
Allen, Esq.]
N. York, Oct. 22, 1841.
To the Editor of the "Spirit of the Times ?
I have just had the pleasure of an inter- '
esting conversation with my friend A. B.
Allen, Esq., of Buffalo, New York, who
returned last week in the London packet
ship 44 Hendrick Hudson," from an Agricultural
Tour in England. Supposing
that your readers would like to hoar a little
about Mr. Allen's movements, I send you
a hasty line.
He says there is nothing abroad that
will compare with our unrivalled Roadsters
and Trotters, and that if we continue
to cultivate the breed with care, embracing
such stock as Abdallah's, Bellfounder's,
Messenger's, dec., we may
eventually become large exporters.?
Many enquiries were addressed to him
on various occasions respecting them,
and he has brought home orders to purchase
a few stylish fast ones. I observe
that the London 44 Farmer's Magazine"
has called upon Brothf.r Jonathan to
make a shew of his Trotters at the next
meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society,
and as it is open to the whole world,
I trust that some of our spirited breeders
will do so next year at the annual meeting
in July at Bristol.
The English Cart Horse Mr. A. also
thinks inferior to the great Pennsylvania
' Wagon Horse, and is of opinion that our
! Racers here have more game or bottom
than theirs, and would beat them in heats
of three and four miles. Our soil and
climate are decidedly superior for the
perfection of this noble animal to those
of England, especially on this side of the
Alleghanies.
Of Short Horns, he seems to think that
there is but one man's herd in England
that it is worth while for us hereafter to
import from ; and throwing out the stock
of three breeders, New York, Ohio, arid
Kentucky would advantageously exhibit
against all England. There are other
v
breeds of Horned Cattle which he'esteemed
highly, as the Hereford, the Sus
sejr, Devon, Ayrshire, and Scotcti Hign- l<
landers. u
In Sheeny England has nothing to com- s'
pare with our fine Saxon and Merino.
Of the long wool tribe, such as the Lei- ! t
cesters, Cotswolds, and New Oxford, we
only want a few, but of the South Downs i>
he speaks very highly ; their mutton is far ' ai
superior to their wool, fine enough for all tc
family purposes; they are also of a very w
hardy character, and possess the best of I)
constitutions. Of these he has brought ft
out a few for Francis Rotch, Esq., of P
Butternutts, Otsego county, New York.? ri
for our late Ministers at the Court of St.
James, find for the Right Rev. Bishop
Meade, of Virginia. They were selected
from the flock of Mr. Joxas Webb, of
Babraham, who carried off all the valuable
prizes at the Royal Agricultural Show
at Liverpool,. TUey ^re af great size for n
South Downs.?Mr. Rdtch's Buck Lamb n
weighed in the scales when put on board *
ship, and only six months old, 152 pounds; 1
Rishoo Meade's. 18 months old, 248 n
pounds; and Mr. Stevenson's, same age, *
254 pounds. Mr. Webb killed a wether j
last Christmas that weighed, diessed, with *
the head on, 200 pounds; and his bucks
usually shear from 10 to 11 1-2 pounds a
wool, of a quality about three-fourths j1
blood merino. To show the value of j (J
these high bred animals abroad, the sire ~
of Mr. Rotch's Lamb was let to the Duke e
of Newcastle for this season alone at 100
guineas, and 1 learn that the price of v
these brought over by Mr. Allen is 100
guineas a head.
Mr. Rotch had previously imported
very superior South Down sheep from the *
celebrated flocks of the Duke of Rich- *
mond, Mr. Grantham, Mr. Elrnan, and '
others, and these now arrived cannot but *
prove a valuable cross upon them. A
beautiful Shepherd's Dog for Mr. Rotch 8
also accompanies these sheep, of a breed
so superior, that it requiries. no break F
ing in for the management of the woollv *
flock. ; 8
I was much pleased with the famous ?
large Dorking Fowls, that, like old Go- 1
liuh, have an extra toe, and fat occasion- .
ally to the great weight of 8 pounds.?
Some beautiful Pheasants, the game bird *
of England, and the cross of which on the
common barn fowl produces the game J
cock, are among the importation.
In Swine, Mr. Allen went into a tho- ^
?- : ? r.nm ftio diffUrpnt
rougu tj.xiiin11iiiiium, hum luu uimxw...
species of the wild Boar from Asia, and
the forests of Germany, kept in the Zoo. logical
Gardens, the various kinds of Chinese,
to all the most approved breeds of
England. He pronounces the Berkshire
as uniting more good qualities in him on 1
the whole than any other; and as size
in th*m has been generally called for at j j
the West, he has brought home specimens
j that stand three feet high, are of corres- j
I ponding length, and will easily fat to 800": ^
pounds; hut for fear these should not bo .
large enough, he has added the G eat (
Kcnnilicorth breed, of a height of four feet, (
and which the London " Farmer's Journal''
asserts will fat to the enormous j
weight of 1700 pounds. Mr. Allen ^
thinks 1300 pounds will be the maximum,
but adds with quiet naivete of extfrcssion,
" if this does not prove large enough
for the South-west, I will next year import ,
a Rhinoceros that swings three tons!" ! j
But I fancy that there will bo no necessity ^
for this, and that the advocates for size
will now cry out "enough!" The Kennilwortbs
are really a good shape; their
color is white.
The white and light spotted Improved j
Berkshires he pronounces spurious breeds, ;
and of far inferior qualify and shapei
The true animal is jusf as one hundred (
times described in this and kindred journals,
viz., black, or a dark, rich plum color,
with a slight flecking of white, and oc- '
-?oui/-wnoIIv= thnncrh rareh the fleekerv may
V/flOlV/IIUM T , ... n ,
? o / . - I
be sandy, or of buff color, preserved from J
the old originals. - | (
He has selected stock from all the best I
families in Berkshire, and the neighboring |
counties that breed them, which he will !
keep apart at home, and thus prevent the '
necessity of again importing for years, j,
He found good ones scarce and high, and 1
was obliged personally to look over sove- \
ral thousand head, perambulate extensively
in evory direction this large tier of
counties before completing his selections,
notwithstanding his employment of several
agents, and the most extensive dealers
to assist him.
In Seeds he found the British farmer
quite as careful in selecting for sowing as
in choosing breeders for his stock, a mat- |
tcr how little attended to at home. The I,
implements of husbandry he thought gene- ,
rally cumbersome, complex, and needlessly
expensive; some things, notwithstanding,
would he worthy of American (
adoption. j
Of the Corn Laics, he does not think (
'*" " fhnf- c:in .
there will he any rnuuui um/i. {
substantially benefit us, though Sir Rob- (
ert Peel, in order to quiet the manufacturers,
may propose a small abatement of
duty. But Mr. Allen takes the start lingground,
that if he would consult Ame- (
j rica's benefit alone, he would make them
' to stand just as they do now, and he dofends
this position by saying that it would
j greatly promote the emigration of worthy,
' substantial people, and that the population,
I wealth, and strength thereby procured to (
| America would be much greater than if
the ports of great Britain were- open to
' the free importation of grain. T shall look ;
herdiifter frith interest to Mr. Allen's ex
??v _
nderstood aud most important national
jbject.
On the different ranl^s of people in
Ingland, and their conditions, living, &c.,
e held much conversation, and other
iteresting topics, but I have extended my
rticle too much already, and I am happy
> say Mr. Allen will soon favor the public
ith Notes of his Tour, so I forbear?onr
acknowledging my obligations to him
>r his prompt and frank manner of relying
to my va'rious aDd minute inquies.
Yours truly,
J. 0, C. ;
From the Cultivator.
BUCK WHEAT, BYE AND CT.0VBH.
Messrs. Gaylord t$* Taylor.?Having
lade an experiment with a triple crop, it
lay not be uninteresting to some of your
eaders to give a few particulars
nd the result, in the beginning of August
ist year. I sowed with the same prepaation
of ground, buckwheat, rve and do-.
er. All which have one well: so that
am going at this time more largely into
his mode of culture. Part of a field I
avejust covered with wheat instead of rye
s the third article. I was encouraged to
o this from observing that a few stools
>f wheat; that accidentally strung up last
earamorfg the buckwheat, rye aud clovr,
were fine.
But in particular, I manured a poor,
trom out sandy quarter of an acre, with
* ^ - I> L. _
ive cart loads of compost, ana naving
irst sowed and harrowed in the rye and
tuck wheat. I then sowed "the clover
eed while the ground was fresh stirred,
<Jext I covered a part of the quarter acre
selected for a particular experiment,)
vith pine leaves, a part with green pine
toughs?and a part I left uncovered-**
md here I observe that all these grew
test on the part covered with pine straw,
ind bettter on that covered with the
jrcen houghs than where uncovered. I
owed this piece on the ^th day of Aujust
Inst, and on the 5th of October, or
n two months, I cut the buckwheat and
he product was 61*2 busheis or rates of
12 bushels per acre. The rye cut in
June last, was a good yield, but through
in inadvertence was neglected to be
neasured. The clover was near knee
ugh when the rye was cradled and will
field a rine swath tor seed, now nearly
ipe. So with the clover in another
ield sowed in like manner. I hope next
fear to report favorably of that sowed as
ibove stated this season. Io mean lime,
fous, &c. ' :
SIDNEY WELLER.
Brinkleyville, Halifax Co. Ar. C. Aug. ff.
From the Spirit of the Times.
iORSKS?ORIGIN OFTHS MORGAN BREED.
Messrs. Gaylord dp Tucker?I have
etely- received great satisfaction from
tearing what appears to be a'correct a
;ount of the origin of the Morgan Horses
>f Vermont ; a breed known and esteemed
for activity and hardness throughout
til the northern slates; not remarkable
'orsizo, and scarcely known 10 sponsmnnt
or speed. This race is perhaps as highly
celebrated as nnv for general usefulness
md for such a degree offleetness as en(ties
it to the appellation o[fast traveller?
Their height is from- fourteen to iifteen,
lands, color bay, make round and heavy
vith lean heads, broad and deep cheats*,
;he fore limbs set far apart, clean and sinews
legs, short strong backs, with that
projection of the ribs from the spine
.vhich is a sure indication of powerful
tings, and consequently of great wind
and bottom.
'The original Morgan horse, called also.
;he Goss horse, is very well known to,
lave appeared in Randolph and in St.
Johnsbury (Vt.), some forty years since,
md to have been kept as a stallion, at
first with but little, and subsequently with
very great patronage, some five and
twenty vears, or until he was thirty years,
aid or more. Various accounts are cur-,
rent as to his origin ; many think it quite
~ ? - r VT
distinct from the C'aoadian breeu 01 norman
French extraction, and consider the
horse to have been of Dutch blood, and to
have been introduced from some of the
settlements on the Hudson river, southward
of Albany. Stories are also told of
a traveller's blood mare bavin# got with
foal by a Canadian or Indian pony at various
places north and west, and having
brought forth this horse; all these ac-.
counts are improbable, and appear to he
unauthenticated.
For the last doren years, being aware,
both by observation and expdfiment, of
the surprising results of crossing the Canadian
with other breeds of horses, and
having become acquainted with the vast
variety and dilferent qualities of various
races in the Canadian breed, I have be*
* * ** i **
lievcd that the original Morgsi norse wu*
of French Canadian origin.. This opinion
being confirmed by the account here given,
i am anxious to ascertain wherher
any one can prove it erroneous, and if
not to make it public, that thousands of
horses may be obtained in French Canada
of the same blood, and not inferior in
quality to the Morgan, whose existence
added several hundred thousand dollars to
*i.~ Vermont.
iliu % tuiiu v? ?
Geo. Bakxabd.
Shtrbrock, P. fAugust, 1841.
[affidavit.]
I was about 13 years of age when tiie
Morgan horse was first brought to St,
Johnsbury, iu Vermont, whete ray father