Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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. , ; / . - V <Sa>Tttr> Mm injEUMsm VOLUME VI CHER AW. SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1841. NUMBER 5 1 By nr. MAC LEAN. J ? Tkrms:?Published weekly at three dollars a year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. I Two new subscribers inay take the paper at J five dollars in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, In advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. Papers W>1 'discontinued to solvent subscribers in arrears.* Adoertisentyttsnot. exceeding 16 lines inserted or one dnlUr the first time, mid fifty cents each i ubsequent tune. For insertions at intervals of! . ??.ti.i.Aa, li? fir?L and a dollar I iwu wevivs ij vcnt?j>iitv> ...v .... , if the intervals* are lougor. Payment Hue in ' advance for advertisement*. tyhen the number of insertion* is not marked^on the copv. the j advertisement will bo. insorled, and charged til ! I rdered out. | TT The postage must be paid on lutlcrsto the editor on the business of the office. taa?w ? r ~?nr . -L- ~ rROM THE !?. Y. EVENING POST. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IX AGRICULTURE. ( (u the Phalange, a Fourier paper pub- ! fished at Paris, September 8th, a novel discovery is described, which, if true, will j work a great change in an important de O O i i partment of ngricult ira! labor, ft is commui icated (o the Paris print hv Cnas. 1 P"illard and M. Bernard, who date their 0 letter at Brest, August, 1841. It appears that while they and some of their friends, who farm their own estates, were engaged in conversation on the subject of ~ *4 ??? * ^ J k?r r?nn r\f agriculture, it was uusciyuu i?jt uuo them that that branch of industry was offering more from the want of capital arid enterprise than any other, and that nothing was to be done without manure, which was every day becoming more scarce and expensive. This remark led to an inquiry into the properties of ma- : nure, and particularly as to what provision nature had made in those uncultivated r >gions where there seems to he a vigoro is and luxuriant growth, without artificial assistance. MIn observing nature uanassisted, or unthwarted rather, by the hand of man, in vegetable reproduction, it is found that when the seed is ripe it falls upon the ground, and then the plant which has produced it sheds its leaves, or falls itself upon it in decay, and covers and protects it from the weather until generation has commenced, and the young plant is able to grow up in health and strength and full | development, to recommence the same! routine of needing and of reproduction. ' **Krom this it follows that, in nature, every plant produces its own soil or hu mis, and that the earth only serves to bear the plant and not to aid or nourish it in vegetation. The nourishment of plants is thus supposed to be derived from 1 air and water, heal and light, or electrici- , -? .? nd-irtfoil In flip ! f in uuiurcui |nupui Iiuii^i ??? %?iw different varieties of vegetable nature." With this general notion in their minds, and considering wheat to be, in present circumstances, one of the most important vegetable substances, they agreed to try ^ experiments, and in October last under- j took the following operations : In a field which had been sown with rye, because the land was deemed too I poor for wheat, a plot of twelve square I yards, untitled and loft without manure, was carefully strewed over with the grains of wheat, and wheaten straw was laid upon it closcdy. and about one inch in thickness. In a garden, also, which had been neglected several years, : a few square rods of earth wete trodden over, and the surface being made close and hard, some grains of wheat were M attered on this hardened surface, and a layer of straw one inch in depth was care i fully laid over it. and left, as in the former case, to take its chance without ulterior A?wl in nrHf?r tn make doubt ! ailVIIUUlM ilDU. ... ... impossible concerning the mere second- | ary functions of mineral earth in vegeta- J ble reproduction, twenty grains of wheat were sown upon the surface of a pane of i glass, and covered with some straw alone, as in the other case. The g>iminat;on of the seed was soon apparent and most healthy in development. "The winter has been rigorous," say these correspondents, for this part of the country, and the earth has some- ] times been frozen in one solid mass to a depth of six inches in the garden where the wheat was sown, and this has happened several times during the winter, ' to the great injury of many plants and even the entire destruction of some; ' while the spots protected by the straw were never thoroughly congealed, nor were the grains of wheat, though Ivingon the surface under the straw, at all affected by the cold. During the spring excessive droughts, prolonged and several times repeated, have prevented vegetation on the common plan from nourishing in healthy progress, while our little spots of wheat have hardly felt the inconvenience of excessive dryness, for the earth, protected by the straw, has never been deprived entirely of moisture, and our blades of corn were flourishing when all around was drooping and uncertain. To conclude, then, we have thoroughly succeeded in our practical experiment, and the wheat produced is of the finest quality. The . straw was more than six feet high, and in I the ears were 50, 60, and even 80 grains of wheat of full development, the admira- j tion of all who saw thein, and particular- | lv those which grew upon the pane of i glass, and which were quite as healthy J and as large a* those which grew uporf the common earth. It must he observed also that there was not the smallest particle of earth upon the glass, and that the plants wore left entirely to themselves, without being watered or attended to in anV way whatever from the time of sowing to the time of reaping." The cause of this successs thev think may be explained in the following manner: "Straw being a bad conductor of heat, .A ^ and a good conductor qf eiectrpky, mamtains the root of the plant in a medium temperature, and prevents the earth from being deprived entirely of moisture. The moisture of the earth, or the substratum, being continual, facilitates the gradual and constant absorption of carbonic acid gas from the surrounding atmosphere, and hydrogen and carbon, the chief elements of nourishment to vegetables, are thus economized in regular supplies where they are constantly required. in nation With OXV?en ami pii.TO iu _ from the roots up to the stems and branches of the plants in which' they are assimilated, and the oxygen throws off* in exhalation from the leaves. The straw decays but slowly, and thus furnishes its substance by degrees to the young plant in due progression and proportion, (such as the siliquous ingredients, for instance, of the pod or capsule.) so that the decomposition of the straw corresponds to the four phases of fermentation in progressing from the saccharine to the alcaholic, the acid and the putrid states, analogous to those of infancy, hulling, youth, and seeding of the plant. " We observe that our blades of wheat have but a very few roots, and those are short and hard, something like a bird's claw ; and this agrees with (he remarks of Mons. Raspail, who states that the most healthy plants in -ordinary vegetation have the least exuberance of roots and fibres. "Another important observation also, is, that weeds and parasitical vegetation are prevented by this method, for the straw chokes every other plant but that of its own seed. Many other interesting observations might be made on these experiments, but we refrain at present from obtruding on your readers; but if any of thein wish for further information on this subject wc shall willingly afford them every facility. The importance of the general result will easily become apparent without further comment, and a revolution in the present modes of agricultural labor is a necessary consequence of this discovery. No tillage will now be required, nor any artificial stimulants in manure and other more or less expen sive combinations with regard to soil and culture. In fact, it would be tedious to enumerate the various advantages that may result in practice from this casual experiment, and therefore we proclaim it simply to the world that all may profit by it." As this experiment can be easily tried, we hope s imeof our farmers will put it to the test, and communicate the result.? We shall certainly try it on a small 7 by 9 lot of ground, which is the largest that rs vouciisafed ton dweller in the city. KKKP YOUR I.A.YD DRY. The importance of draining is not duly appreciated, nor its practice well undo:stood among tis. Although water is indispensable to veg.rtation, too much of it is as hurtfal as toolittlc. It is necessary to the germination of the seed, to the decomposition of the vegetable matter in the soil?to the transmission, of the food from the soil to the plant?to its circulation there?and to the maturity of the product. All these useful purposes " * ' * ? in ikn are ueteaiea, wnerc waicr icmann n.v, soil to excess?the seed rots, the vegetable matter which should serve as the food of the crop, remains unsoluble, in consequence of the absence of heat and air, which the water excludes; or, if the seed grows, the plant is sickly, for want of its proper food, and there is cons rqucntly a virtual failure in the harvest. It is not from the surface only that we are to determine whether land is sufficiently dry to support a healthy vegetation; but we are to examine the surface stratum, into which the roots of the plants penetrate,! and from which they draw their food. If this is habitually wet?if it grows marshy plants?if water will collect in a hole sunk fifteen inches below the surface the land is too wet for cultivated crops, and means should be adopted to render it more dry. From my partial acquaintance I with this country, I feel assured that much of your best land is rendered unfit | for tillage, or the growth of the finer I grasses, by reason or the excess of water, I which passes of reposes upon the sub-soil | unnoticed by the cultivator. These lands i are denominated cold and sour, they truly j are so. Cold, sour lands are invariably ; wet lands below, if not upon the surface, j But if the superfluous water were judiciously conducted bv efficient under drains, (for the construction of which you possess j the best materials in abundance.) these ' 1 ~ I J k/v .nnrla.arj u.-jrin anil oil'Out IdliUS WWUIU L?C H'.lUICIVyU Ul III l> IVI 11 IV \JX. k. j and highly productive, and the outlay would be repaid by the increased value of two or three of the first crops. Wet lands are generally rich lands, abounding ! in vogetable matters, which water has preserved from decomposition hut which readily become the food of plants, when [ the water is drawn off. Let me imagine a case, which i am sure will be found to exist in many parts of your country. Thefe is a slq^e of a little hill, half a mile in extent, terminating in a flat forty rods i wide, througft whpftTi hrook meanders. I The soil on this slope an^ in this flat is of a light, porous quality, six to twelve inches deep, reposing on a sub-soil impervious to water, as clay, rock, or hard. pan.-^jMoil, I mean the upper stratum, 1 in wnicfr vegetable matters are blended J with earthy .materials, and which consti- j tutes the true pasture of plants. Near I the top of this slope, all along on a horiz-1 ontal level, or perhaps lower down, spouts or springs burst through the subsoil, a thing very common in hilly districts, the waters from which finding an easy pns. sage through the loose soil, spread and run down the slope, and tiffon the sub-soil, ' 1 ' ? II .1 C_J ,I ; _ and through tne nat, uuiney unu men level in the brook. A thermometer plunged down to the subsoil, will indicate, at midsummer, a temperature probably not greater than sixty degrees, whereas to grow and mature many of our best farm crops, we require a heat in the soil of seventy or eighty degrees. How j shall we remedy this evil, and repder this j land profitable to the oscupant ? Simply j by making an underdrain or drains, in a gently inclining direction; a little below those spouts or springs, and, if practicable somewhat into the subsoil. Those will, catch and conduct off the spouting waters, and by laying the lowor plane dry and permeable to heat and air, develope all its natural powers of fertility. I will suppose another case?that of a flat surface, underlaid by an impervious sub-soil. This is rendered unproductive or difficult to manage, by stagnant waters. The rain and snow waters, penetrating the soil, are arrested in their downward passage, by the sub-soil, which not having slope to pass them off, they remain and stagnate, and putrefy, alike prejudicial to vegetable and animal health. The mode of draining such groundsand rendering them productive and easy of management, is, first to surround the field with a good underdraiu, and to construct a sufficient open drain from the outlay to carry off the waters. Then with the plough, throw the land into ridges of twenty to thirty feet in breadth, according to the tenacity of the soil, in the direction of the slope, and sink an underdrain in each of the furrows between the ridges, terminating them in the lower cross drain. The materials of the underdrain, which are generally stones, should be laid so low as ~ " ' ?-.1 I U I to admit ot tne tree passage 01 me piuugu over them. The superfluous water, by the laws of gravitation, settle into these drains, and pass off, and the soil becomes dry, manageable and productive. An acquaintance called upon a Scotch farmer whose farm had been underdrained in this wuy, and being informed that the improvemoot costs sixteen dollars an acre, tile having been used, remarked thafc it was a costly improvement. " Yes," was the farmer's reply: M but it cost a deul mair not lo d*il" which he illustrated by pointing to an adjoining farm, like situated, which had not been drained, and was overgrown with rushes and sedgegrass, and j then to his own fields teeming with luxuriance and rich in the indications of an abundant harvest, t I have dwelt upon the subject of draining with more detail, because I have personally realized its benefits, and am sure it may be extensively gone into with certain prospect of reward. Judge Buel. FATTENING. We copy the following excellent rules for fattening animals from the Albany Cultivator. We would only add to them tt?*? romiisitinn of comfortable quarters, i goorl straw beds, and cleanliness, with occasional irri ations of the skin. Close at. tention to these directions will ensure success. 441st. The Preparation of Food.?This should bo so prepared that its nutritive properties may be all made available to but appropriated with the least possible expenditure of muscular energy. The ox that is obliged to wander over an acre to get the food he should find on two or three square rods?the horse that is two or three hours eating the coarse food he would swallow in fifteen minutes Jif the grain was giound, or the hay cut as it should be?the sheep that spends hours in innking its way into a turnip, when if it was sliced it would eat it in as many minutes ?the pig that eats raw potatoes, or whole corn, when either cooked, could be eaten inone quarter of the time now used, may indeed fatten, but much less rapidly than if their food was given them in a proper manner. All food should be given to a fattening animal in such a state, that as little time and labor as possible, on the part of the animal, shall be required in eating. 442d. The find should he in abundance. From the time the fattening process ? *-1 ' animol Io olo norli trti* I commences, until lUC auiuKins oiau"inbip ed, he should never be without food. Health and appetite are best promoted by change of food rather tlian by limiting the quantity. The animal that is stuffed and starved by turns, may have streaked ( meat, but it will be made too slowly for the pleasure or profit of the good fanner. J "3d. The food should he given regular- j It/.?This is one of the most essential, * ; joints in feeding 'animals. If given ir-1 , regularly, the animal indeed consumes I j his food, but he soon acquires a restless 1 disposition, is disturbed at every appear; ance of his feeder, and is never in that j quiet state so necessary to the taking on of fat. It is surprising how readily any. , animal acquires habits of regularity in feeding, and how soon the influence of I this is felt in the improvement of his condition. When at the regular hour, the < pig has had his pudding, or the sheep its, j 1 turnips they compose themselves to rest, | l with the consciousness that their digestion is not to be unseasonably disturbed, or I their quiet broken by unwonted invitata- i tions to eat. "8th. The animal should not he need- I Vesdy in'ruded between the. hours of feed- I tWor.?All creatures fatten much faster in be dark than in the light, a fact only to < be accounted for by their greater quiet. | Some of those creatures that are the most < irritable and impatient of restraint while ' feeding, such as turkeys and geese, are i found to take on fat rapidly when con. | fined in rooms, and only fed at stated , I hours by hand. There is no surer proof 1 I that a pig is doing well, than to see him I eat his meal quickly and then retire to i his bed, to sleep or cogitate until the hour ' of feeding returns. Animals while fat- ] teningshould never be alarmed, never ra- i pidly.driven never be fed at unseasonable 11 hours, and above all things, never be al- 11 lowed to want for food." I AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES. | In surveying the vast extent of our na? , tionai domain, we can hardiv fail to be , 00 I amazed at the amount of its agricultural resources. Stretching through various . I degrees of latitude, and exhibiting a soil which is warmed by a temperate as well j as a tropical climate, it yields nearly all j the grains, grasses, and vegetebles that are required for the substantial comfort of , man, as well as those more luxurious fruits , that administer to his tastes and tend to pamper his appetites. Taking the six states of New England, which are limited in their territory, we find that although the soil is of primitive formation, and j much broken bv hills and ledges of rocks, j the common grains, such as rye, corn, j I nntntnoa. nnd most of the I UUblVWll(iatt garden vegetables, are produced tipon its hill-sides and in its valleys to a considerable extent, which may be much increased hy improved methods of culture, although a large portion of its surplus population is annually drained off to the more productive lands of the new states of the west. Agriculture, in this portion of our country, is not, however, prosecuted in that scientific and improved form which prevails in England, and by which j the crops of that portion of Great Britain l are quadrupled. The common and ordi- j nary means which were formerly used j for the cultivation of the soil, are now too generally retained ; and the necessary consequence is, that the amount of agricultural produce raised is not sufficient for the support of its population. In the State of Massachusetts, however, which has exceeded all the other New England states in the point to which it has carried the agricultural interest, a better form of husbandry exists. Not only has greater attention been paid to this interest as a I science, but the influence of that improve- j raent is experienced in the greater ahun- i dance and the superiority of its crops.? Passing to the State of New York, we find the advantages furnished by the interest of agriculture most signally displayed. In that wide alluvial soil, stretching awav from the banks of the Hudson to the Shores of Lake Erii, the surface of the territory, throughout nearly its entire extent, is checkered with prosperous farms, tilled by an agricultural population which is probably exceeded by that of no other portion of the country in the independence and solid comfort ' which they enjoy?a condition that is j principally, derived from the cultivation of the soil. In that condition, indeed, we perceive the benefits which might he diffused throughout the whole country were this species of enterprise more widely extended. The production of wheat alone in this state, yields a vast revenue i to its producers; and the flour which is | poured out from its mills, and the quanti- ; ty of beef, and pork, and other products j - 11 - : I I ot stocK-nusnancirv, as wen as grains <tnu vegetables, which fill the channel of the Hudson, supply the wants of the villages upon its banks, and the great metropolis at its mouth. Passing towards the south, we reach the territory of Western Pennsylvania, cultivated with pnins-taking thrift by Durch-farmeis, a source of no inconsiderable wealth to the state. Ar- I . . ' ' riving in Maryland, we ent'-r upon a soil which, while it produces most of the \ grasses and grains of the north in as great abundance as even the state of New York, yields also the tobacco; and from ? / < that state, through Virginia, nurm * an,. lina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, we have a territory which stretches nwny in plain and valley, inviting the la. bors of the plough, and giving in return, not onlv the vegetable products of the north, but also those great staples, rice, tobacco, and cotton. Nor are the agricultural advantages of! tnis portion of oor territory, however great, equal to those furnished by the soil jot* the west. The valley of tiie Mississippi, or that domain which extends from i t the head of Lake Superior to New Or. rn leans, watered bv about three thousand v miles of that great river, spreads out a n more fertile territory, as has been justly ^ remarked by a recent French traveller, o than that of any other portion of the w globe. The oak-lands, extending through ? Michigan to the borders of the lakes, ti the prairies of Illinois, the deep mould ii which stretches from the southern bor. p ilers of the lakes beyond both banks of j ii the Ohio, the forests of Kentucky, nnd j c the numerous states organized along the j fi Mississippi, the Illinois, and the Missouri, b from the rugged cliffs of Lake Superior! o to the cotton and sugar plantations of; si Lousiana and Alabama, develope a field j si for agriculture which almost bewilders us j s< i>y its magnitude. J h The enterprise of our countrymen, dis. I a serning the resources of the soil, has kept j ii pace with their development, by marking I p :ut important channels of trade through j f< which the agricultural products of the it interior can be most conveniently trans- w Dorted to their respective markets. The a long lines of canals and railroads that have fi aeen projected and partially carried out, 1 I< ioth at the north, the south, and the west, are designed not less to provide the con- p leniences of personal travel, than to fur- a nish the means of transportation for their I agricultural products. Connecting the j, principal commercial maits of our conn- v trv, and making up by art what nature 8 has left undone, these- improvements, j( while they accommodate the public in its hours of mere amusement, have a direct tendency to stimulate the labors constitu-! ting an electric chain through which will 8 vibrate the opinions as well as the trade 8 of the country. Added to this, we are * supplied by nature with some of the noblest 1 arteries of internal navigation that are to j * he found in the world, and which fuinish i s the safest means for the transportation ; a from the interior through the artificial i <; public works to which we have alluded, j that are designed to run to the navigable |, waters of the rivers which partially pene- ^ trate the interior, or they may he conveyed coast-wise from state to state even ^ to the mouth of the Mississippi. In New York we find the Hudson coursing, perhaps, the most densely populated portion of this State from Albany, its largest j 8 interior city, to the great metropolis at its 8 mouth; while the agricultural produr. I tions of Pennsylvania and .Maryland find I a ready market at home, and those of the t south, which are required to be exported, ^ are provided with an ocean pathway to any port. The navigable advantages of < the west are. perhaps, more extraordinary ( than those that are found in the eastern ( portion of the country. New York, Penn. t sylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, and ^ Wisconsin, have harbors upon the great ^ lakes which are stretched thousands of miles through the forest of our northwestern territory?a territory that is more 1 prolific of agricultural resources than any 1 other portion of our wide-spread empire; and when we consider the advance of pop- -s ulation in that territory, and the measure a of production with which it has already attained, we cannot fail to be convinced \ that it will noon become, in point of .strength c and influence, the most important part j of our republic. From the shores of Illi. | nois we have nlso a continuous line of p navigation through the states bordering t on the Mississippi, which annually pour c out a vast amount of products to the great commercial mart at its mouth?the city of New Orleans. Such aretheagri- t cultural advantages of the country, and such the navigable arteries and public i ' works which furnish channels for the I1 transportation of its productions. In this country, extraordinary motives, p are held out for the exorcise of agrioul- p turn. Besides the constitution of the (] country, and the laws of the several states, |j( which guaranty to all its citizens a par- > ticipation in the national legislation, a ' further inducement is held out by the lo v j price of lands. In the new states of the J { west, it is well known that an abundance of the most fertile soil can be procured at c the low price of one dollar and twcnty-five * cents per acre, with the best title ; a soil, v too, which furnishes in great abundance I() most of the comforts, and many of the | 1 * l.f. \,I/ Una in a /Irlnrl I I IllXliriGS OF IliU. ?? iicii m inis aviuv.u the fact that by the advance of pooula- a (ion, and the necessary growth of the t country, 1his soil, thus purchased at a low v rate, will gradually augment in value as c the settlement of the surrounding terri- j torv is increased, little additional motive f could be urged for its cultivation, especi- L ally to that body of men who might linger in the large cities of our older states, dependent upon the chance,c opportunities of labor which might | present themselves, and who would he ! 1 cut offentirelv from these opportunities ! ^ when a sudden mercantile revulsion ! * should, as has frequently occured, sweep i a awav the bulk of the business population 1 d 1. i n in one common wic-r. ( ~ We perceive in the habitudes of agri- | t culture many advantages posse-sod hv no J \ other form of occupation. The cultiva-1 r tion of the soil hv its own proprietor, j while attended with hardships, is, in a f great measure, relieved from those vexa- j tious cares which disturb the population ^ of I trge cities. In the first, place, he i3 i v nor confined to the counter of a narrow f shop, the attendant upon every purchaser e who may enter in on business. He is not! ' obliged to spend wearisome days and |' V lights in toiling over a desk, and has no isions of bankrupt debtors, or protested otes, to disturb his midnight slumbers, for has any uninsured ships upon the cean, at the mercy of the wind and 'aves. On each occuring season ho ows his fields, with a calm reliance upon fie bounty of an allwise Providence, tha i due time sunshine and shower will rw en them to the harvest. He is troubled ttle with the derangement of the curreny, for he knows that should all the banks ill, his own children will not want fof read. He possesses a fteehol I?a tract f land which, under ordinary circuit* tances. will yield him the means of sub* istence; and, with this conviction, if ho ow.shis croris with labor, he reaps them nth joy. He looks out upon h'.s domain,. nd feels that he has an interest at stake i his country, for his own freehold in a art of its territory. Should the market )r his products he contracted, he exper. jnoes no alarm, for the profits of his sales# 'ould only be required to furnish a fetf# dd.tional articles of taste, He feels, in act, as a freeman always should feel, the 3rd of his own domain. Few more h autiful pictures have been ainted for us than those of Agricultural nd pastoral life, that may be found in the Selogties and the Georgia* of the Ancient ?oet Virgil. In those parts of his Work# re have not only the mo9t delightful cenes of such ex|?erience, hut a treatise, earned fpr that day. upon the most ap>reved forms of agriculture. And, irtleed, how can we fail to believe that uch forms of rural taste, such quiet cenes of agricultural simplicity and COD* entment were men disposed to e*erci46 he means?- And these mean* HM bviotis. Instead of ' employing the cience of agriculture (we ternt it i science, because the application ?f chemistry to the subject has made t one,) as a mode of making money aone, could we not exercise it with grea. er advantage as a matter of taste as well is profit ? In order to !?e convinced of he influence that might thus he produced ipon the state of agriculture, hy bending iste with utility, we reqti re only to visit i >m j of those gardens in the vicinity of lomeof our large cities, where taste has wen sought as well utility. Even in hese private establishments, laid, out, for he must part, to gratify private taste, ve perceive in their beautiful decorations ?in their groioes of shells washed tiy ;ool waters?in their hermit's cells covjred witn mouldering mow?in their arirtcial lakes of silver and golden fis-.? ind in their marble statues, disposed in jecoming decency along their shaded valks, as well as in the various species of . . I . r L 1 _l I _ _ regemuon mai lurntsu rerresnmg snaaes, ind the variety of flowers which bloom lpon different portions of their, areas,? cenes, which, if not envied liy a Shenitone, might almost vie with his classic ind rural retreat. In Jepondently of those quiet beauties, yhich Iwdong to the more tasteful science >f horticulture, how intimately might it >e blended with the more substantial la >ors of agriculture f How easily might looks of grazing sheep and cattle upon he hill.side overlook the broad wheat or-' orn field, and the artificial pond,?and he droves of cows, which, refreshed, reurn to their stall to replenish the dairy,, irealhe the fragrance of roses from the ' lower garden,?and earth thus be made ike a second paradise ! That a new era is dawning upon tlie? * irospects of agriculture in our own mmblic, we think there can be but little** [oiibt. The deep interest which the subect has recently excited in various p irts ?f the country, and the motives which alriost everywhere exist to extend its opeK tions, point to a marked improvement in.? his department ot labor. Almost*every ?neengaged in the bustling scenes of" ratio, lias pic (urea to his mind a day /hen he shall retire from the dusty track if business, and spend his remaining lays in a quiet agricultural retreat. Hence t is that most merchants engage, with II the ardor of manhtoo.l, in the acquistionof wealth; and pfter the prime and igor of youth are spent in such toils, the lesire of accumulation increases with he acquisition itself until, perchance, , leath finds them, like the flray.hor.se, ,ead in the traces. Such, we doubt not, s the history of thousands in our own ountrv, who, in the absence of this arlent thirst for gain, might have enjoyed nuch happier, purer, and longer lives, lad they more early devoted themselves o the invigorating and nohle pursuit of * griculture. How few there are who a. opt this pursuit as one of taste and in. lination ! With the example of the faher of his country before them?for Vashington was but a farmer?they toil n in marts of trade with untiring assiduty. until a fortune shall have been acqui. ed, which, in most cases, eludes their prasp, without due attention to the cultiation of other qualities which might mjoy it if acqsiireJ ; or some commercial ixp'.osion wrecks them, stranding them ike a shattered hulk upon the shore, lasted in their hopes, and cast down in. ' .