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1 -3 A" ' , ? /jl -t'V * ' ' * t * . ; . II * ' r 1 ' -. . . . - ----- -'' ' - ? iliullj**-^..! "/. . ' _ , wmmmmmmmmmmrnmmmtmmmmm , ??mmmm*. WM"'11'??*?ggBBBSgggg^ " . ~ . VOLUME VI. CHER AW, SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1841. NUMBER 4* * , - ' , i s ", *, :' t u' By III . MAC LEAH. Tift Mi Published weekly at three dollar* a year; with an addition, whan not paid within thraa mouth*, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscriber* may take the paper at five dollar* in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscriber*, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, in advance. A year** subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued Insolvent subscribers in arrears. Advertisement* not exceeding 16 lines inserted r one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each - ;? ? "? -? ? -?" i. ?r UDfequem umo. ror iiipenmna m luuiifonwi two week* 75 cent* after the first, and a dollar if the interval* are longer. Payment due in advance for advertisement*. When the number f insertions is not marked on the copy, the advertisement will be inserted, and charged tii rdered out. O* The postage must be paid on lettersto the editor on the business of the office. From the Albany Cultivator. PROPER TIXR OP CUTTING WHEAT. The period of maturity mast proper in every respect for the cutting of wheat has long been a subject of discussion ? So long as wheat was thrashed by hand, it was found necessary to let it ripen fully, or the loss in thrashing would exceed the gain from any other source; but since machines have been generally introduced, ^ this difficulty has passed away, and the ^ question placed on other grounds. It is now, how does early cutting affect the weight and quantity of grain and the quality of flour, as compared with that harvested at a later period? Many experiments have been made to test and settle this matter, but the best and most satis, factory we have seen, are those detailed in the last No, of the Q. J. of Agriculture made by Mr* Hannam, of Yorkshire, an intelligent and able farmer. Mr. Han. nam selected for his experiment a field of the old xquareheaded red wheat, and on the 4th of August, 1840, cut a sheaf.? Both straw and ears were green and full of sap. The grain was perfectly formed, but the chafT adhered firmly to it, and it was so soft and full of milk, that the lightest pressure reduced the whole to a pulp. This sheaf stood in the field a fortnight, when it was housed, and the same day* August I8th another cut. In this the wheat was not ripe, but what is called "raw." The straw for a foot from the 1 ground and. ahox$^ Jhftt, 1 lough to appearance green, still was"** turning yellow. The grain though still aft and mashed easily, was not near so i fcU < f ftaid or milk as before. At the I end of a fortnight this sheaf was housed, t and September 1, or the same day another , was cut. This last sheaf was ripe, the traw uniftcmK' yellow, but not so ripe as to have the heads break, or grain fall out, and the end of a fortnight this was also housed. Each sheaf was carefully preserved, and finally thrashed and the chaff separated, by itself. The gross weight was ascertained by an accurate balance, as was that of a fixed measure, *n#t An paiiai number of the grains. The - c., result wasas follows, the experiment of weighing 1*eif?g several times repeated to prevent error: Time of Grows Equal Equal no. cutting. produce, measure, of grains. Aug. 1, (very^n.) *76 56b 19 3 4. Aug. lb, (raw) 7?'6 5H0 23 1-4. Sept. I, {ripe,} 650 570 22 1-4. 100 straw* of an equal length were then selected from uach of the bundles, and weighed as follows: Gree* 550 Raw 475 Ripe 450 To ascertain the actual value of each quality, samples of .each were exhibited to an extensive wheat grower, and then put into the hands of a factor and miller, to know what they would give. The opinion of the grower and the miller was as below:? Value per qua. by Value per qua. by the wheat grower. the miller. Greea 61s 61s. Raw 64s 03s. Ripe 62s 02s. It appears from these experiments that the "raw" wheat had the advantage over the "ripe" in every respect? 1st, weight of gross produce, 13 1-5 perct. 2d, weight equal measure 1-2 M 3d, weight equal number of grains, 2 1-5 44 4th, in quality and value, 3 1-4 44 6th, in weight of straw, 5 44 The "ripe" had the advantage over the "green" in every respect but that of the straw, in which the green had an advantage of 22 percent. Mr, Hannam estimates the comparative value of the whole crop on an acre of each kind aa follows: Green ?11 11 10 Raw 13 7 3 Ripe 12 17 3 Our readers will judge of these experi. ments for themselves; but we must add, there are other considerations of great weight in favor of cutting wheat before U is "dead ripe." These, more time for focuring the crop ; less waste in harvesting from the shelling of the grain ; and a better quality of straw, a thing of no small consequence where it is us cjtgti. I sively used for feeding stock, as in our wheat growing districts. It is also the opinion of millers, we believe universally, that early cut grain makes far better flour than that which becomes fully ripe before cutting. It is probable the same facts would hold good of barley, rye, oats, &c., and it would seem desirable that farmers should ascertain these points, as small profits, or small losses, in the aggregate, are the things that make, or ruin, the.cultivator of the soil. I There is a great waste by many in har| vesting grain from using bed implements, ' not paying attention to putting it up propl . ' ii ii .1 . j f i | eriy in me neia wnen cui, ana performing all parts of the work in a slovenly and unfarmerlike manner. There is a vast deal of wheat and other grain, put into the barn or stack after rains, or before the straw or green matters the sheaves may contain are cured, in such a state that the central parts of the sheaf heat, mold and become nearly rotten. The result is bad wheat, musty and poor flour, all which might be avoided by care in the several processes through which the crop passes. From the Farmers' Advocate. IMPROVING LAND WITH OATS. Science Grove^ Davidson Co, N, C, ) July 23, 1841. $ Mr. Editor?An extract quoted in No. 7 of the Farmer's Advocate, has called forth this communication, as a verification of the principle there held forth: the application of oats as a paramount and vital restorative of the soil, where it ha9 received the matricidal poinard of the land killer to its heart; enabling it, phce- 1 nix like, to spring forth in virgin beauty, even from the ashes of its own destruction. Clover has long been celebrated for its fertilizing properties. Oats has not, as yet, had such strong recommendation in its favor; yet nevertheless I think when its properties, as such, have become sufficiently known, and tested^ if it does not < gain an equal footing, it will become a ; vice-clover, as a renovator of the soil. I will state my theory and support it with I an experiment, and leave the reader to t draw his own inference. \ , :..g-^ap^yOUr ( oats at tne common urne, miu m mc uau?i manner, only, sow something like a half ' Sushel more seed to the acre, and after . they are plowed or harrowed in as the case may he, roll the ground with a light roller. Let it stand until about two ; thirds of the grain in the head is ripe. , Then roll it down, and double plow it , under, taking care that the point of the gouge reaches ten inches below the sur- i face*. Roll the ground as before. (Not that I think that after rolling benefits further than this,?it renders the surface in a situation for all the oats to be rolled down when required. I suppose it further renders service, by keeping the elevated ridges left by the plow from excessive evaporation.) Let it lay until about two weeks before you wish to sow your wheat; t en roll down the oats, and again double plow them under as before ; sow your wheat and harrow it in, and I'll warrant you an advance of at least 100 ner cent on vour wheat crop, independent I W of its future benefit; which will doubtless exceed that of the wheat crop. I will now relate my experiment.? About the first of July 1840, I selected a very elevated point in one of my oat fields to make an experiment. I measured off a quarter of an acre and double plowed the oats under, and let it remain until two weeks before to sow my wheat. 1 then double plowed the young sward of oats under, and harrowed my wheat in.? The rest of the field I fallowed by double plowing, and put it in at the same time I did the oat patch, (for so I termed my ex. perimental piece.) At harvest 1 cradled the experiment piece to itself, and also, a - - - a * quarter of an acre lying by the siae or ir, to test the experiment; off the oat patch, I saved 13 dozen of wheat, which would average 3 bushels to the 100 sheaves; and off the test quarter 1 saved 7 doz. which would not make more than 2 3-4 bushels to the 100; making an advance of 100 per cent, on the experimental piece. A profit not to be spurned at. Unavoida ble circumstances prevented me from threshing it out seperately and testing the experiment by a non tlobums rule, though I have not an earthly doubt, that if it had been tested by threshing, it would have increased the assumed advance in fuvor of the oat system. The system appears excellent in every point of view for a wheat crop; the wheat is sown in the first stratum of man. ure, formed by the first crop of oats, which furnish an abuundant store of nu. tritive matter for the upper class of roots of the wheat; the underset, receive their nourishment from the Inst crop of oats while in its state of decomposition, which renders them an equal quantity of vegeta* Land should uevor be plowed deeper than the soil unless the manure applied at the time is sufficient to convert into soil or loam the eartluurneq up. ": ble matter as the first does to the upper class; and preserves the crop as secure against drought, as though it received the benefit of the Egyptian reservoirs of the Nile. But gentle reader make the experument if ye list, for yourself, and then at leisure draw your own inference, If I have suggested a plan, whereby you at a future day, may with pleasure look over your renovated fields and luxuriant crops, I have then gained the summit of my wishes, and the most lofty eminence of my ambition. 1 have the honor to be your fellow citizen W. P. RICHARDS. PKICESOP SHORT HORiri'.D DURHAXI. It has been predicted for many years, that the time would come when the solendid, large, square, short horned Durhams would not sell for more than the common scrubs of the country ; hut the day has not yet arrived, and never will. The Durham? are infinitely more valuable f beef and milk than any scrubs we have seen, and why it should to thought they should command no higher prices, is unaccountably strange. It is true, the derangements in money matters has caused a decrease in the price of every thing, and of course cattle of all kinds have fallen with the balance of property. However, there have been some respectable sales the present year in this vicinity. Mr. Wait sold a sucking calf this spring for $300, a two year old heifer for $425, and a three year old heifer for $460. Mixed bloods and inferior Durham?, would not command those price?. In England, where the best cattle are produced, the prices are much better than in this country* The English know the value of good stock, as the public sales will testify. In the Mark Lane Express of May 10th. published in London, there is an account of a 44 splendid sale of Short Horns" by Mr. Wetherell, the property of Mr. Robinson, wHich shows what estimate the English put upon fine stock. 14 Taglioni," a cow five years old, brought 200 guineas; calculating a guineas at five dollars of our currency, the amount would be one thousand dollars. 44 Malibran," a single cow, sold for three hundred guineas, or about $1500, and for her young bull calf 100 guineas were refused. Gremima brought 190 gs. ; Peeros, 65 55 guineas; Nonesuch 65 guineas. dec." The principal purchasers were?Lord Huniingfield, W. G. Hayter Esq., J. W. Etagge, Esq., and T. A. Green, Esq. rhe prices show that it is scarcely probable many animals will be imported into tie United States soon,and it is sufficient argument to show, that the ft.rmers of this country shonld use every exertion to rear the best stock. There are indeed riany arguments for Tennesceaos to turn their attention to stock farming. Cotton has measurably failed, and as for tobacco, it is morally wrong to encourage it; it will exhaust much of our iand, and what is still worse, it is by no means probable labor will be repaid for cultivating it. iHost herbage plants flourish finely in Tenncsee, and we can always find a cer' 0 rain market for what stock would produce. We do not expect to live to see rhe day when the best of animals will not bring good prices for breeders alone. When me speak of breeders, we do not mean every animal should be turned out for this purpose. The best alone should be used. The noble Durhams have always been much injured, by turning out good, bad, and indifferent for breeders ; when in fact, if out of 20 bull calves, we ind one which will barely do to keep, we ire lucky. The Berkshire hogs will soon oe much injured by turning out every thing as a breeder. The English have succeeded better than all the world, in selecting the best for breeders and keeping them well, and we must follow the examnle. to cret the character of scientific I ? o # , breeders. In addition to rearing for breeders, we should make at least, butter cheese, and beef for home consumption, which we have never done, and then we should have something to send to our southern friends, vho will never produce their own eatables. These facta clearly evince to us, that this must be a farming, not a planting country, and that good stock will always bring fair price. We | think the farmer who now has first-rate breeders, of either cattle, sheep, or bogs, would act foolishly to sell them at reduced prices, and we as firmly believe it would I be very unwise for the fatmer who has indifferent scrub s;ock, to refuse selling at i any price, when he has an offer. The Agriculturist for August. From the Cultivator. ENGLISH TUBNXP8. TU? AAmmnn tIIrfirm nana Iv railed the J 1|V VUllllflWII IUI UWMM?*J WW.. English or flat turnep, to destinguish it, from the Swedish or ruta bago, is a valuable root, and better adapted to the table than any other turnep, and is consequently deserving a place on every farm.-? There are many varieties, of which the Norfolk and Globe are as productive as any. while some of the smaller kinds, among which the long turnep holds a prominent place, are best for cooking. The soil best calculated for the turnep is a rich mould abounding injmatter, and newly cleared lands arc found admirably adapted to their growth, the soil being usually i *' free from weals, and (he ashes made by burning being one of the best dressings that can be applied to turneps. Where such lands ate not to be had, old grass land carefully turned over and rolled, and then the surface inade fine by repeated harrowiags, for the reception of the seed, are found to produce good turneps. If the soil is not rich, good compost manure should be spread on the surface and bar* roared in, but as old grass lands in richness partake somewliat of the quality of new toils, manuring is rarely necessary, and in the decaying sward the vigorous tap root of the turnep finds ample nourishment. Turneps may be sown broadcast or dftlled, the latter being the preferable way ;?|id if a little bone dust or poudrette ia drilled 'in with the seed, the nlants start more vigorously, and are sooner out of the way of their most formidable ene. my, the fly. There is usually far more seed sown than is necessary, if equally distributed, and to facilitate this mixing the seed with ashes or sand is practised by many farmers. English writers state the quantity of seed required per acre at two pounds* but we know by experience that one-half this quantity of good seed on proper toil is better than the whole, and were the distribution perfect, one.fourth this quantity or half a pound would fully seed an acre. It is better,however, to err on the safe side, and sow too much, rather than too little seed, as if too thick the young plants may be hoed or pulled out. The proper time of sowiog will of course, vary with the lattitude. In New.York, the besi; time has been found to be from the 20th to the 27th of July ; in the middle and southern parts of Pennsylvania, from the last of July to the middle of Au. gust; and in Verginia, from the middle to the last of August is preferred. The turnep, when grown on land long cultivated, is apt to have the bulb attacked by the worm, but in virgin soils, or those rarely subjected to cultivation, this eviil does not attend them. Dressings of soot and ashes have been found useful when they are attacked by the fly, and in any event such dressings operate . favorably on the plant and may therefore ' be beneficially employed when there is the leant reason to apprehend danger. [From the Albany Cultivator.] THE PEACH?IMPORTANT EXPERIMENT, j Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker.-?In the wrote, to Judge Buel. the Peach Tree with SaltPetre, and pio. posed to give the result through the medium of the Cultivator to the public. I ? ranii0?t thlt ga.ve as my rcawm iui mat iU^vv.., as far as my observation extended, I had always observed that on soils containing nitre and muriatic of soda, the Peach tree lives luxuriantly to an advanced age, while upon soils immediately adjoining, immature decay takes place, and the tree seldom attains the age of seven years.? As instancesjin vindication of this occuring so frequently, I have been astonished to see tbem passed ever without notice, and now advert to some of them to establish the truth of this position. Peach trees growing in the site where once stood a dwelling, generally live to an old age, the soil of which, by analysis, will give a pro* portion of nitre. The same thing occurs in many districts of the West and South West; upon one farm the occupant has no difficulty in having good peaches, while I his neighbor finds it a laborious task to prolong the life of the tree to a few years, and on ^ell cultivated farms near the seaboard, I have been informed, they have but little difficulty in growing this tree. Having these and other instances for my guidance, I commenced experiments with salt and sa'*oetre, in the year 1836, upon an orchard six years old; clo. ver was sowed upon it that spring, and it remained in grass till last fall, when it was nloughed and sown wheat, and clover this spring. The trees in '36 were full of worms ; some of the trees were dead, others apparently dying, and but very few put on the appearance ofhealth; such was its distempered condition that some of my friends advised me to cut down about one-half of these that yet showed life, saying that such was the practice of Peach growers. I thought it would be a had practice for a physician to destroy one or more of a family to prevent disease from spreading, and after cutting down those that were dead, I commenced operations on the balance with equal quantities of salt and salt petre combined, applying about a half a pound upon the surface and in contact with the trunk of the tree; then sowed it broadcast over part of the orchard, at the rate of about two bushels per acre. The result of this application to the surprise of my friends, was the appearanc of perfect health, white new and vigorous shoots, the trees full of fruit, which matured with increased size and improved flavor. Towards the last of March, and again in May and September, 1837,1 applied the same ingredients in different proportions without observing much difference in the effect; though I have since thought that where I applied the salt Detre alone, and where the largest r portion of the mixture w as nitre, the effect was best; but in consequence of the price of salt petre, I have endeavored to ascertain the smallest quantity that should be used, nnd I would not advise less than one-eighth, though I should prefer onefourth, or more. My trees this fall (1837,} i -*/' ? ; V ? : i were free from worms, all doing wel!v and I have found no further use for the axe in the orchard. In the year 1838,1 applied the mixtnre to a part of my orchard in March, the other part received the appli cation in June and September ; upon that part done in March, I had an abundance of fruit, while those done in the 6th and 8th months were comparatively destitute of fruit, it having been killed by a late frost. It occured to me that I was indeb. ted to the salt, &c., for the abundance of fruit on the trees done in March, by its retarding vegetation : and from an experiment made in '77, it appeared to be the case, though I have never considered it of sufficient importance to repeat it for the purpose of testing it further. In regard to the best time to make this application, I would say about the 6rst of April, and to those trees having worms * * r% . I in them again in June or sepiemoer, as the appearance of the worm may indicate its necessity, using about two-thirds of the usual quantity for the June or Sep* tember dressing) and to be used only in contact with the trunk of the tree. 1 have not discovered any great benefit from sowing it broadcast over the orchard every year; I prefer to do this every sec. ond or third year. If the tree is injured very much by the worm, to wash the bark of the trunk with a solution of this mix< | ture, and water might be of service, be. [ ing careful not to apply too much ; thii should not prevent its application in pow< dered state. To my trees planted in the fall and spring, I apply as soon as don< planting in the spring about one ounci upon the surface, in contact with tin trunk of the tree, and repeat this quantity again early in June or September. th< Peach worm at these two last periods,be ing in their infancy, are destroyed*1 In August, after one application ofthi mixture to my young trees in the spring I havo taken several worms from off tb outr bark of a tree, bedded in gum, the) have punctured it in a number of places but did not penetrate to do any injur; to the inner bark, whi le the next tree lei without the above mixture was nearly des troved, the inner bank being eaten fo more than two-thirds around the tree. I might be supposed that the salt and sal petre would produce instantaneous death but this is not the case ; I have kept then half covered in a solution of salt and wa ter, and salt petre and water, and in thesi two articles combined for several hour its approach, and will not remain ft it uii less compelled by necessity. In compliance with the promise here tofore made, I have endeavored to give ii 1 - -p An Ppjir.i A onei in a unci hi* pi awnve vu ? *? ? tree for five years, from which I have n< reason to make a change, but many in ducements for a continuance of the prac tice. If you consider it sufficiently im portant for publication, it is at your dis posaJ, and if any benefit should ari* therefrom, be assured it would be th< highest reward for any service of rain< that could be tendered to, dear sirs, you obedient servant, LYTTLETON PHYSIC. Ararat Farm, CjciI county, Maryland. July, 6, 1841. Extract from the proceedings of the New berry Agricultural Society. After some time spent in the ezamina tion of slock, the Society was called t order by the President, John Bentoj OWeall, tin minutes of the last meetinj were read by the Secretary. The report of Committees were called for: Mesa-s Titos. Montgomery, Peter Hair, an< John P. Neall, made several reports 01 the planting, cultivation and gathering o Cotton. Messrs. Wm. Counts, Natha: ? ? m a hvtctei VT HirAlKE^ ttuu 11A4 uAii 4A? made several reports on the selection o seeds, planting and cultivation of corn Messrs. John B. O N ball, and Georo Boozer made several reports oo the selec tion of seed, sowing, harvesting and clear ing of Wheat. The committee on Oat! asked and obtained leave to report at th next meeting. Mr. George Booze made a report on the planting, cultivatio and preservation of Potatoes. Mr. John Caldwell made a repoi on the planting and gathering of a cro of Peas. Dr. John N. Hejindon, from the con miffpft on Hoffs. made a report, on the in o ' portance, the best breed, and the bea mode of rearing hogs. The committeeso Horses, Mules and Cattle were not pn pared with reports, and asked and obtair ed further time. Mr. M. M. Higgins, from thecommi tee on Sheep, presented a report upo the means of keeping up a stock < sheep. The committees on Premiums, wer called on for reports. Y. J. Harrington, Esq., on Mul? . reported and awarded the 1st premiui to Wm. E. Hardy, and the 2nd to Mi John Gaskins, assigning as the reaso of preference between these two* that Mi Hardy's was the largest. Walter Herbert, Esq., from th committee on Hogs, reported and awarde the premium to Nathan A. Huntkr, it the best hog under 12 month* old, whic weighed 170 pound*, and to Nathan .4 Huntkr, for the beat psif of pigs, etc | weighing 50 lbs. j Dr. Pkter Moon, from the coramittc on Cattle, reported and awarded the pria 1 for the best cow. to Ada* Summers, h ' Vv't 'v *!> im M? r 0 red and white three years old, three* fourths Durham, being adjudged the best out of the many fine ones exhibited.? For the best calf, they awarded the premium to Thos. Montgomery, his bullcalf three months old, was selected for the prize, on account of its size and beauty. The fine full blooded yearlings exhibited by Wm. Summers, were considered bv the committee to be too old to be regard* ed as calves. Geo. Kinard from the committee on colts, reported and awarded the 1st premium to the Hon. John B. O'Neall, for his sorrel colt, one year old last May, by John Gidron, and the 2nd to Dr. Peter Moon, for his bay colt, by Roanoak. The committee remarked that these were selections " from a great i many fine colts exhibited by their owners, and which reflect great credit upon them, and promise a ncher premium to tbem than any which the Committee can award." ?? w? - n -? 1 j. - ? tl tar, wx, SUIXEKf inruugu uia vivum Adam Summer, presented and read i roost interesting report on the Fruit Tree, in conformity to an appointment made * last July, I The Society, and citizens andladk^ who honored the occasion with their preet ence, partook of an excellent barbecue : prepared by Nathanibl Hunter, washed * down by the delightful beverage of celd water, furnished by the Academy spriag; i after dinner business was resumed. Mr. Wm. Summer, in compliaoce; with > an appointment, made last Decemtyer^ vfetd > a most elaborate and valuable essay go - Agriculture. * The President then addressed the So* f ciety and the citizens present, and .ex* ? tended an invitation to the people to fca come members. Many persons availed themselves of the opportunity aad ea* s rolled themselves. Temp. Advo. '? ??????mmmayg e MR. CAMPBELL'S SPEECH. '? Speech of the Hon. John Campbell* f f South Carolina, on (he bill'relating to 1 Duties and Drawbacks. Delivered t* * the House of Representatives of the Unu r ted States. July 26,1841. ' (Continued from last week.) * I cannot say that t entertain great ob* '* jections to the principles of the present 1 bill, for, although it exempts from duty * certain articles that are used in domestic 8 mannfactures, and thus may be consider* 8 ed to make a discrimination w >ty* _.J~ recognizee mod tmery as provided for by the act of 188f, com* ' monly called the compromise act?an act 3 to which the State that I have the honor, 3 in part, to represent, assented, and which 0 brought peace to her then distracted * counsels. How far it may be found ' practicable to carry out the principle of ' home valuation, provided for in that act, * consistently with that provision of the e Constitution which prescribes a uniformi 8 ty of duties in ail our ports, it is not neces* 9 sary now to discuss. ? Sufficient for tiie r dsy is the evil thereof." I find upon this occasion a bill present, ed to my consideration, based upon rare, nue principles, which, if it becomes e lew, will operate with as much equality throughout the Union as almost any tariff that can he devised, and which, upon its . face, is not violative of the principles of o the compromise act. But while in can* v dor I make these admissions, I will ask t gentlemen whether they regard it to be s in accordance to the spirit of the com* i. promise act, which provides that no more A money shall be raised from customs than n shall be found necessary for an economical f administration of the Government, to dis* tribute a portion of the public revenue a among the States, that the anticipated f deficiency thereby, in part, created may . be supplied by a tax upon our foreign p. commerce? The passage of this bill would probably have a considerable influi. ence in promoting the passage of the land j, distribution bill through the Senate; and e can I, while that bill is still pending, vote r for the passage of lb is, without appearing n to give a sanction to the fraud, I do not say intentional fraud, which it ? proposed rt to practise upon the People by distribu. p ting a portion of the public revenue among the States, not only at a time of i. acknowledged deficiency in the Treasui. ry, but when the credit of the Governit ment is actually pledged to the amount n of 817,000,000, to enable this Adrainistration to conduct our finances?thus layi. ing the foundation of a national debt, which will hereafter afford the irresistible . I ..mimaiii nf npftAssitv for heavy duties ( ai ???JIIJVr?ft% V? MVW? -J m m upon our importations? jf The present bill is also liable to ofijSC* tions in its details, among the moot promio nent of which is the duty on cotrao> I blankets; for I hold all laws to be inhuman s, in their tendency, which unnecessarily iqk i) crease the price of the necessaries of lifo r. to the poor. The very early period, too, n at which it is proposed that it shall go into, r. operation, is also an objection ; M oar merchants ham no doabt made nrf!Hlij|e? m ments for importations under the existing d laws, which will be made subject to tfcjn ir increase of duties proposed by this h should it pass. i, 1 acknowledge that the tariff nwd soon ~ r J . l.I:?. h ! be revisea r ItJf i uu nui ucuaro I with the proceeds of the pnhlic lantfc*, the io existing tariff will bf found 9 without a great incrfa^ \i lo meet the ft*nt? ft* CfotaWjlfr ,ir *" * a /