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MWB mmmw . , ill 1 I " ?? . i. . i ^ .?w, - .^- - ?.? ,? ,. .1^1. . I .. , - ? i " I If I ? VOLUME VI. * CHER AW, SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1841. NUMBER 39. By Iff. Iff AC LEA*. Tehms:?Published weekly at three dollars a year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers inay take the paper at five dollars in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, in advance. A year's subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers in arrears. Advertisements not exceeding lf>lines inserted r one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each nbsequent time. For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar if the intervals are longer. Payment Hue in advance for advertisements. When the number of insertions is not' marked 011 the copy, the advertisement will be inserted, and charged til rtltL O* Thft postnge mnst bo paid on letters to the editor on the business of the office. From the Western Farmer & Gardener. BORGUK HONEY?MANAGEMENT OF BEES. For many years hv past, Borgne has been famed for producing fine honey? perhaps the finest in Scotland. It is of a transparent sea-green hue, and possesses an exquisite richness of flavor which is "keenly relished by connoisseurs. AVhat gives it the beautiful color, has hitherto baffled the investigations of naturalists ; % but it is certain that it is clear until the beginning of July. Many of the pasture fields in Borgue abound with white clover, mnd in fine dry weather in July, thousands of the industrious insects may be heard buzzing, and seen gathering sweets from the time that the dew rises until late in the afternoon. Extreme dry and warm weather is unfavorable for producing good honey, for the flowers either never arrive at perfection, or the scorching rays of the sun hum them up. Extremely wet weather is also unfavorable ?'for however numerous the flowers of different kinds are, the plashing rains wash out what the bees so ingeniously mix in their laboratory, while they are re. luctantly confined in their cells. In cood seasons, as much as one hundred and fifty pints* of sixteen imperial gills each, have been produced in Boryue, though for some years past, the quantity has been considerably less; and bee husbandry is bv no means so generally cultivated as in former times, when the seasons were more propitious. The ammo* of 1839, was highly unfavorable, and the produce in the parish of Borgue was hut little more than forty pints; while that of 1840, which was awmethmg better, yielded somewhat more thaw eighty. The summer of 1826, was the warmest that any living person remembered, and the most unfavorable for producing honey, not only in quantity, bat in quality; for in that season it was *s dark in the color as whnt comes from the Moors, and wholly devoid of the rich flavor that it commonly has. In the winter of 1838, and also that of 1639, many hives died of starvation, though at killing time each season, numbers of weak ones w were taken with the view of preserving the lives of the stronger ones in the evening spring; and hence the small number of hives that are to be found in the parish of Borgue. (n former times, almost every married laborer, as well as e;ich joiner, mason, cooper, /dacksmith, &o. had a winter.stool; and in the month of the following October, the gains of each would amount to from ? 1. 5. to ? 2f besides a Mnall quantity for family use, and an old hive to breed, and throw oflTswarms next summer. Some of the more extensive cultivators of bee husbandry, used to have from six to ten winter-stools, and their gains were iifc proportion. For some years past, few persons in Borgue have f/Mtr hivpa fhqf survivpd imu nunc iiimi ivui ui>w ...... wv.. the winter; and in tolerably good seasons they throw off on an average, two swarms each. There are sometimes one, or even tiro more ; but they are commonly weak, and the produce would have been greater and finer in quality had they remained in the parent stock. In very good sea. sons, the top or first swarm throws off one hive, and the produce of it is called virgin honey, which is of a truly beautiful hue, and always commands the highest price in the market. A virgin hive seldom produces more than two, though in particularly good seasons, three, or even four pints. In fine summers, the honey is always much superior in quality, to what it is in unfavorable ones. In gener al, there are but few young swarms Delore Whitsunday; and the greater number are thrown off from the 1st to the 21st of June. Sometimes there are a few as late as the last week in July; but unless the season is highly propitious, they do not gather as much as will preserve them through the winter, and are smoked in September. In good seasons the average quantity from each swarm is probably three pints, though the top one occasionally yields from six to seven. If the top awarm is very strong, it is customary to put one, two, or even three eket>\ to hinder it from casting; and in extraordinary fine seasons, from six to eight pints have been produced. In bad seasons, the drones*are sometimes killed before the first swarm is thrown of}', which materially injures the parent stock; but in good seasons, the * The Scotch pint is cqnal to our half-gallon. f From $6 to ^10, | Additions. drones are not destroyed until the hiving < is past. Owing to the darkness of the i color and the difference in the flavor, 1 Moor honey rates from two to three t shillings per pint lower than the finest ( produced in the low countries?at least t in Borgue. Honey gathered off* heather, y and also ofF the leaves of oak, fir and svcamore trees, is always of a dark color, . and consequently less marketable. It is . allowed on all hands, that white clover is j 1 , 1 | peculiarly rich with materials for producing fine honey; but it is a mistaken 8 notion that bees also gather from red clo- 1 vcr. The wild, or bumble bee very fre- v njiontlv extracts food from red clover; t ^ J but the tame one, owing to the shortness r of its proboscis, cannot penetrate. The latter, however, are very fond of goose- e berry and current trees, cherry, apple and f pear tree blossoms, wild and garden mus- c tard, nape, kale, &c. They are also very t partial to the flowers of german greens, i yellow clover, and many other wild flow- 1 ers, which callous persons pass by with 1 indifference. In some apairies the wri- 1 ter of these remarks has seen the. ground \ in their immediate vicinity delved in the a spring, and sown with rape or mustard r seed. In Borgue, old swarms or winter e stools, are not removed to the moors, but t are kept in their summer stations. In ) summer, bees are often found at a consid- v erable distance from anny dwelling house t though how far they fly in search of food ( cannot be accurately calculated. A long I: time ago, some hives were kept from ten s> to fifteen years ; but of late they are sel- e dom allowed to stand for more than two h or three years. A hive that weighs 30 r lbs. including the skrp, will keep during a the winter, and if it is heavier, will most a likely throw off swarms earlier in the I ensuing summer; hut for several seasons I past, some weighing 20 lbs., have with a a liltlc spring feeding with honey, or mel- s ted sugar, been preserved, though the pro- t duce is commonly scanty. I bad seasons v the killing of hives usually commences nkmit lot S<?ntomhpr nr>d in.wood f ai'VSUi HIV 101 Wl a^v|/?viiiwvt 1 ? ^ ones, about two weeks afterwards. In a Borgue, the way of getting the honey is r by digging a round hole in the garden or a ajiiary, putting two pieces of wood hori- c zontallv over the mouth ; placing two brimstone candles in the bottom ; then f placing the skcp right over them, and tl , covering it over with a sheet. In a short p time the bees are suffocated ; and lest on tl the following day the rays of the sun v should revive them, they are covered over t! with earth ; and thus are they not only d unscrupulously robbed of their store, hut ii cruelly put to death. Fine honey usually h weighs from 7 to 7 1-2 lbs. per imperial | f pint; and in proportion to the quantity h produced, or to. the demand, it brings i from six to twelve shillings. Inordinary ( seasons, it brings about nine shillings,? t though in very very bad ones, it has been r as high as fifteen shillings per pint. The v latter price is very rare indeed. In the t beginning of October, persons desirous of h having a ne v stock, repair to the moors, n ' ? 1 ' !- . ? l.lnno at ffAm fif'_ ri ana purcu.isu mvra m ? ..?-j .. teen to twenty-one shillings each.? \ t! Though all the moor honey is of a dark I s< f - ' ???* ! coror, it is principally consumed during p winter and spring ; and the new honey is, p commonly of as tine a quality as if the p {parent stock had been bred in the low I; country. Oid hives are sometimes de- c stroved hy the white moth, or miller, p though its ravages in proportion to the u number of hives kept, are by no meansso s great as they appear to be in some parts n of America. c SAM'L. HOUSTON'. n Borgue, near Kirkcudbright, ) v April 1st, 1841. $ p (The preceding communication was y received from a correspondent in Scotland t in answer to our enquiries on the subject, r We were anxious to know if Borgue hon- q cy was still as beautiful in appearance, i; as delicious in flavor, and as highly s prized as when wc were wont to ramble i1 in our boyish days owcr the muir amang f the heather. We wished to learn, too, v if the secret of its peculiar excellence had yet been discovered. d We are much indebted to Mr. Houston i and will be pleased to hear from him I again, on such jike topics.) s ?: ? h I From the Western Farmer and Gardener, t MEDIUM SIZZD, VERSUS LARGE HOGS. i Mr. Editor;?You are aware that I f am now, and have been ever since 1820, [ extensively engaged in pork-packing in c this city; and I feel that I may without s presumption, lay claim to uot a little ex- 1 perience in the business. It is fully as } much to my interest, and that of every one else engaged in curing pork for mar- > ket, as to the interest of the farmer, that ( the very best breeds of hogs should be J O scattered over the country. * t When I first entered into it, the pork brought to us, was produced from the < same miserable race yet to be found s through much the greater of the West. , It yielded us little lard, and the sides were i unfit for mess or clear pork?too thin and s only fit for bacon. The first improve- I inent we had was the little chunky China < hog?a perfect mass of lard?hams light i ind too fat?though the waste of off, vas trifling. The next we had was th arge Warren county hog, requiring yeai ;o mature, and then coming to us of a jnormous weight?great waste of offalhe hams too large and badly shaped, a rvas also the shoulder?and the sides, net srtheless of their great size, were fhi n proportion. They were still a grea mprovement. The crosses of those an he Russian and Byfield, in the hands t omeof the more judicious breeders, pro luced a verv excellent hoc?-and we wh " O vere the purchasers, were anxious fornn mprovement on the unprofitable wood logs usually raised. Though as [ nave remarked, so lor ingaged in the business of packing, I ha >aid but little attention to the breed'.n if hogs, though always keeping a few c he best I could find on my farm, an mproving them to the best of ability t wag not until some of the part.hre Yorkshires were brought to us from Bui er and Warren counties, that I was struc vith the great improvement they were o tny I had j et seen. The perfect mar ler in which they were fattened?thei jxtraordinary length of bod)-, and th hickness of the side met?their sma et thick, fleshy shoulder?the grea veight and handsome form of their ham he great yield of lard, and little waste c >ffal, either of inside waste, or head an lone, proved'to me that they were omething entirely different and altogeth >r superior to any other breed within m mowledge. On making further enquir especting them, I found them equal! idvantageous to the farmer and drove! is to the pork packer. Prolific and easi y kept; maturing early and fattenin lindlv to as great weights as were de irable; stamping iheir own charactc tronglyon any other breed with whic hey might be crossed ; and travellin; veil to any reasonably distant market. I had before this been breeding hog or sale, and seeing at a glance, the gre.i idvantage it was going to be to me i ny packing business, to have such a ho s the Berkshire in general use, I at one ngaged in it largely. True it is that I cannot give up m arm, and my attention and capital, I he breeding of fins stock, without rospect of meney-making bv it; hi hat was the secondary object I bad i iew?my pork-packing business was c he first importance to me. I saw an rcaded the efibrts that were made t nlroduce an extremelv large hog int Kentucky, for I had about this time tran? erred my pork business to that state, an tad gone tovery*great expense in erecl ng an extensive establishment back c Jovington, and intended making iny en ire purchases in the state. We cn nake no us? in this market, of animal weighing from 400 to 600 lbs., eve hough they may be well fattened, i tog of the proper form and quali y c neat, that matures at ten or twelv nonths old, so as to fatten properly, an hen weighs from *200 to 300 lbs., is th ort for which we will give the higlies rice, because it yields us the greates rofit. And most assuredly it will als ay the farmer best. We have no popu ition to supply, that will consume large oarse, indifferently cured meat. Ou rincipal demand is for city and famil se, both here and in the cities of th outh and east. The ham is with us th lost valuable part of the hog, and th elebrity of those cured in Cincinnati i iow great. This part must he hcav iihnnt hninnr lanre?round, thick an r? o lump; the flesh, though principally lea et niarhled with fat. Next to the liar he lard and side meat yield the greates eturn?the former must he abundant i [unntity, and tine grained ; which neve h the case with any hog until he ha omewhat matnred?the latter must carr ts thickness throughout, having no thi lanky parts ; and must be f.it?and la.' re rank the shoulder and the jowl! Many of the Boston and Richmon lealers, and those from the other citie n the East and South, come hero annual y to have meat packed?they all prefe ucha heg as I have described, and wi my no other if they can help it. Hoi he drovers, who are represented as driv ng to Richmond and Charleston, and a ireferring the largest sized hogs, ca >ossibly dispose of such animals there, rannot understand. Nor how meat of lize that I know from experience, cannc >e cured, even with the aid of cool collar >/? /?- mn hn kpnt thorp. surnriscs me Think of a pair of hams, Mr. Edito veighing 149 lbs. in tho climate r Hharlpston or Richmond or Baltimore They would indeed require to be cut i wo; and then what a sightly object! Still some regions of country may re jiiire a larger hog than others; and t supply those who may think so, Mr. A. I \lleu, now on his way to England, wi mportfor me some of a size sufficient I suit any taste For my own part, an for my use for packing, I want neither a ixtravagantly large hog, no. yet a ver small one. A hog that has to be fed tw il winters, never will pay first cost; if he e can be had of sufficient sizo without win s teringat all, so much the more profit?a n spring pig killed in the fall at 200 lbs. - nett, will evidently pay better than if the is i same hog had been kept over winter, and r- reached the second fall 500 lbs. nett. n I have been speaking now as a porktt packer, not as a breeder; and what I d have 9aid, I say in all sincerity. I have >f no desire to injure the business of any > other breeder of improved hogs, nor to o prevent their continuing their improve. y ments to as high a point as they please. Is But I do regret to see gentlemen of scij ence and experience going back to a large g coarse hog. such as the Woburn, Irish d grazier, or Liecestor, when they can prog cure a breed so infinitely superior; the ?f improved Berkshire. d JOHN MAHARD, Jr. Cincinnati, July 5, 1841. d From the Southern Planter, k corn cons, n Mr. Editor,-A. am happy to see you i. and correspondents pressing the value of r the corn cob upon our wasteful and ex e travagant community. I! farmers would II only attend a little more to this and some it other points of rural economy, they s , might easily save enough to justify a sys>f item of improvement which they admit d to he desirable, but from which they are a frequently deterred by the want of funds, i- I am fully satisfied that there are but few v farmers in our community who do not y waste more than enough to supply them y with the means of effecting improver, ments, that in their turn would double i- j their means of making others equally as g ! profitable. ? j Go upon a large farm m Virginia, ob;r J serve the niggardliness in providing fenh j ces, houses, and fixtures, and the corres? I pondent waste in food, l?-\bor, and destruction of implements. Compare the manfs ngement with that of a manufacturing or it mercantile establishment, and you see at n once, why agriculture is not profitable, g Such system, or rather such a want of it, e j would break ddwn any other business in the world. v But I have been dr wn off* from the o main object of this communication, which a was simply to confirm the value of corn it cobs, by relating to you a circumstance ? that came within my own knowledge. In >f the winter of 1810 corn was very higii, ff and Peter Bedlock, of Dinwiddie, who is 0 now an independent farmer, was a very 0 poor man, but an excelh nt manager.? Afraid that his corn would not last, he determined to try, and did, winter iiis I* horses upon corn cobs alone, pounded in >f a common hominy mortar with his own ' hands. They received no other susten nance except long forage, as hay and 's fodder. Upon this they did their win. n tcr's work, and no man ever saw Peter ^ Bedlock drive a poor horse. To this fact I ani ready to testify and c you are welcome to give my name to any d person w o may feel sufficiently interesn ....i u " i iku in u iu narw iui ? Yours, J. II. It' ' ; 'if, o From the Southern Planter. i. bekkshires. i, Mr. Robinson, who is not loss remarkair ble for his practical common sense thnn y for the forcible quaintness of his style, e g.ves the following excellent advice to the e breeders of Berkshire* : e oExperiencc is an excellent teacher? s as I have been taught a little I will impart y it to others engaged in breeding pigs, d Great care is necessary with this breed n to guard against the temptation to use n them too young. They are so large and ?t fine at eight or ten months, that many n j suppose they are plenty big enough to ^r j breed. It is a great mistake. The boar s j should scarcely be used until twelve * ' ?i? ??:i y months old, and then out sparingly unm n eighteen. A sow should never be allowed it to have pigs until a year old, and then only in warm weather?and it would be d better that they were sixteen months old :s ?nature cannot be forced with impuni. I- ty. The period of gestation in a sow is r exactly sixteen weeks. NowofmyexpeII rience?I had two sows last fall on the v passage from Albany, got with pig at f- about four months old. On the first day s of January, one of the coldest season, one n drapped seven afid the other two, and as I the sows had little or no milk, and were - .11 .1.^,1 a too young to mind meir pigs, nu mcu >< )t spite of all that human care could do. s "Yesterday, another sow, just one year old, dropped eight pigs. Siio is one of r, the kindest most careful, and sensible >f hogs I ever saw; and as the weather is ! warm, are all as live.y as could be wishn ed. It is characteristic oi Berkshircs, that they are great breeders, and fine milkers but do not be tempted to use them o too young. But above all things, do not J. be tempted to do without them. II j SOLON ROBINSON, 'o! Lake C. H., la., April 2." d T n SUCCESSFUL FEEDING OF SILK WORMS. y We are gratified to learn that Mr. R 0 Sinclair, sr. of Clairmont Nursery, near 2 1 this city, has been most successful in his h attempt at feeding Silk Worms the present c season. He fed half a million of worms, r nearly all of which have completed their t interesting labor of winding their cocoons, n No mortality whatever occured during the ji whole season, and but very few of them d died. Nor are we less gratified to learn, e that he has realized to the full, the calcu. b lations of profit contained in Roberts' Silk a Manual, because we are aware that the t statements made by the author of that work, were so made under a conscientio js r belief in their truth. s In announcing the pleasing result of a the labors of our old friend Sinclair, we u seize.the occasion to congratulate our ag- <] ricultural readers upon the prospect thus c afforded of adding another rind a most lu- a crative branch of husbandry to the coun- ( try??a branch whose h'essings and, bene- p fits we sincerely hope and believe, will, * in a few years, he not only felt but ac- f knowledged throughout our wide-spread c land, notwithstanding the drawback it ( j 0 received by the speculating mania in the f trees.^-A/ner. Farmer. From the Southern Agriculturist. c ox the use of lime as m vnere. Mr. Editor:?It is unfortunately a f trait in the character of the Southern f Planter that he regards all novelties with * j suspicion. Any departure from the prac- 1 j lice of his fathers, or his neighborhood, 1 he considers dangerous, and the generali- \ ty will deride as vain theory, the efforts of 1 the man who will have the courage to I j make an innovation upon established pre- 1 ' cedents, or to violate a rule dictated by < one of the partriarchs of a neighborhood. ' This causious spirit if united to a liber- 1 al enterprise, is highly commendable ; he s who possesses it will incur no rash risks. ' while he will avail himself of all the lights ' of modern research ; but unfortunately ' we too generally find the caution without 1 the enterprise.?They sneer of the prac- ' tical man withers the energy of the en- ' thusiastic speculator, and the old routine of practice continues to he popular because nothing short of absolute demonj sfration will convince the man of practice that the theorist is not madman, i In your editorial career you have suffer- ' i ed from this prevailing spirit. The pracI tical man will not write because, he has ; nothing new to communicate. His prac1 tiro is the same now as it was yesterday, j and as he thinks it will be to-morrow, ! and is known to all engaged in the same i pursuit. The speculator dare not write, b ecause he knows that the first question which will be asked when his essay shall have been read, will be?What sort of a 1 planter is he ? How \!<>es his practice square with his theory If the answer to this question he not satisfactory, he will he condemned as one who prcsump- 1 tuously pretends to teach, while he ought j yet to be sitting at the feet of Gamaliel. " He writes better than he plants." Ifa ( more damnatory specimen of faint praise were ever uttered, I have not had the 1 i misfortune to hear it. My imagination - -.u: "? ' can conceive 01 noumijr m<>ic nuun^. i I ! I am surprised that the Planters of low. I er Caroline have as yet derived no bene- . : fit from the publication of one of the most : valuable and practical essays of tho age. 11 i (I mean Mr. Uufli.Ts essay on Calcareous I j Manures.) Several years havo elapsed i since its first publication, and notwithstan- j ding the knowledge that it ha9 revolution- i ised agriculture in lower Virginia, I be- ; j lieve that hifhero nr?t one planter in ;1 ( South Carolina has used lime but as a j pretty and useless experiment. j( The book came out too, at a period 1' when South-Carolina was suffering sev. 1 j erely from the emigration of her citizens, j! *1 1 ? - 1 '-'J- 1 ??? IO.xa linijj nf I I lixnausieu neius, > *oig u?ci mi^g nv.uo </ | lime were deserted, in some instances j ' they were literally abandoned, and at best they were sold as lands hopelessly worn 11 ' out and their proprietors went to the great 1' Western Valley to seek richer lands, a j' main feature in the constitution of which j 1 was the presence of lime. Notwithstan- J * : ding the known character of .Mr. Ruffin, j i for intelligence and probity ; notwithstan- j ' | ding the labored details of experiments j < which teach the readar that he has got a- < mong stubborn facts, and not idle thcor- < ies : notwithstanding that it is a historvof J what has been affected in lower Virginia, ,J a territory differing but little in character 'J ! and climate from our own, yet the books 15 ! which unfolds irs beneficial agency is with j ' ' us almost unknown ; the lime remains in 1 | its natural bed undisturbed; its very ex- j istcnce is by many questioned, and the I fields lying but a few feet above it, aod I which with its application can be put in a 1' state of progressive improvement, are un- 1 , dergoing yearly, a progressive deteriora- ( . tion. ' J ! The extent of the lime-stone region in j South-Carolina is as yet unknown. There * i is every reason to believe that it com- j ! mences immediately below the falls of the ' j great rivers, and continues to the sea. 1 I The stratum varies considerably in thick- 1 - 1 ness. I apprehend that its maximum thickness is at or near its termination in the uplands, and that its minimum is at or near the seacuast. It is certainly much thicker at the Eutaw than in the known localities twenty miles below. The position of tho lime is various. At the Eutaw Springs and in its vicinity, in the neighborhood of McCord'.s Ferry I and near Monk's Corner, on Cooper river, it frequently rises to the surface and a I little above it. On the elevated lands j ordering on the various swamps and reeks which form the head of the latter iver, it has been found as low as from ten o twenty feet below the surface?On the nargins of creeks, and near the point of unction of upland and swamp land, its epth below the surface is but a few inchs, and generally except the land rises airuplly to a considerab'e elevation, it may lways be found at the depth of from four 0 eight fe it. If I might presume to propose a general ule from mv limited observation, I would uggest the following as the indication of 1 bed of lime, viz :?whenever the Upland idjacent to a stream of water produces & ?...iu L:?I j ? i. J i i?. jrow in ui iin-rvwiy, i?-u uatv, uugwuuu) m> :ust or walnut, lime may he dug for with i certainty of success ; when on the conrary, the upla^s produce only long leaf lines and scruh-oak, the search for lime vill he unavailing. The streams of the brmer class ahound in muscle shells and raw.fish, and the uplands in snails; none if them, certiinlymt t ie muscle, will be ound in the pine land streams. The appearance of the lime varies in hflbrent localities, but the fragments vhich have been subjected to analysis, ixhibits generally nbrut twenty per cent >f alkaline earth.?how large a portion of his is magnesia, is a question not yet set. led bv the chemists. In some places irar Santee river, below the Eutaw, and it Godfrey's ferrv onthePcedee, the lime s found in a bed of loose shells partially pulverised, and may be carried immediate* y from the pit to the field, without furtb*r preparation-?It is generally a hard ock full of fossilshells; frequently thp ock is so hard that whe? smartly itruck with a hammar scintillation will Follow. This of course will require either ire or the hammer to render ft fit for the field. If a quantity of this hard stone is thrown up in t ie fall, and ex >osed through* put the winter months, it H idergoes disintegration. I have no correct data for ascertaining the amount of labor necesairry for oh. taining lime. Mr. Rufiin, who has been , in the habit of spreading from three hundred to two hunJred and thirty bushels of calcareous earth to the acre, [equal to from one hundred two hundred and thirty bushels of Carolina lime, (states that a single man, employed throughout the year, will dig enough to manure sixty acres of land. Two years ago. six men in three weeks dug for me eighteen hundred bushels?this was equivalent to the labor of one man tor - ? e\r fifW.fn T lnVfl. With this II I lie VI Clftl VI IIIII-.V rn . nmount of lime I mam red eighteen acre* of land. I believe that my hurfdred bushels of lime are fully equally in value to Mr. Rufiin's three hundred bushels of calcareous earth. Now as. it required the labor of three days to manure one acre, if we take an.nverage number of two Irendred and seventy days as the number of working days in the year, then the labor of one man would at that rite of manuring furnish enough lime to cover ninety acres of land. Ifthe relative values of the Caroline and Virginia manures have been , justly stated, we m; y presume that'-fhe value of the products of lahnr will be greater in Carolina than in Virginia, ^because it is to be supposed that when the liming is pursued as a systematic part of the operations of foe farm, the means employed in procuring it must he more convpnient than nnv ( could command, when C only engaged in n crude experiment. Following the practice universally ad. opted in Carolina, viz -to devote our attention to the market crops almost exclusively, considering every other as a secondary object, my experiments with lime have been made only on cotton. I have made two experiments; the first in 1839,'a year remarkable for drvne * and threat productiveness; the second in 1840, 3 year as remarkable for humidity and comparative failure. In each year the result was most gratifying| the most decidedly marked success wa9 in the dry vear. After one year's cultivation the land was suffered to rest. The field limid in 1839 produced a les* abundant crop of poverty grass than the circumjacent hands not limed?and a more luxuriant growth of crab and joint grass 8 desirable object. That is a gross that is >aid to delight in a calcareous soil, it might spread more rapidly on such, than on lands free from calcareous earth. Every one tvho owns an old plantation, is aware that pint grass is no stranger, even to the * '""'I" rf limo fh#>n r^flllv a juuresi inuuj. 11 ^ _ fertilizing agent, let us not object to it bemuse it does not prove a panacea for all the evils with which our ignorance, or our areslessness, or the behests of a wi?e Providence hove strewn our path. Mr. Ruflin observes, that they who wish to use calcareous manures must mafce the ligging of it a branch of the regular farm* ng operations. Any system ofmanuring, In Ka ?ffipipnl. (lapoftla a If C l\UUTT IUUO?| ?V WW wwww^ ? w ? iart of the habitual operations of the planation. Trusting to the chance of oto.' aining lime during the season between loeingand harvesting. I made no other provision for it last year, but classed vith the rest of that miscellaneous jobbing iperation called fall work. But jn the fall the water had taken possession of my Dits, and I had land to clear, md other n.nuanto/l mo from nktn !. jttiipca j?n5fv?iivu M?v ??v?u uuiaimuj^ A, bushel of lime. The opening of a small jotljr of land, together with the rains of Vugustand September, havQ fitopp?J fy