Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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?b???i nnd recommended throughout the country, I came to the "conclusion that the post and i rail, and the stone fence, (wherever the i materials for its construction abound) was Hcsf a'lan*?*d to the country and the int?%rertsof thr 'farmer. Havingdetermin- i *d in favor of the p<jst with five rails, for ' general on r loves, h^ snvs :? | 44! turn niv attention to that particular I I kind, and will pr?>ceed to provide for its j' future supply, Plant an acre of ground ! with chesnut and locust seeds, five-sixth. | of it with chestiiit for rails, and one-sixth j I with locust for posts, l'our trees will J' grow on a perch, making six hundred and . 1 forty on the acre. . I suppose that forty j' of them w ill fail, leaving six hundred j j tape*, each of which will produce in thir- j < ty years, and every twenty to twenty-five i years .afterwards, twenty rails or posts, < which will vidd at each cutting twelve i thousand posts and rails, or two thousand ! pannels. Then say the acre of land is i worth eighty ^dollars, it will reduce the materials to four cents per pannel, which i with making and putting up will not oxi. neca iwemy-uve cents. m puuu ui uum> i hHi(v I am persuaded that it will be ex. I ceededby none except the stone, ana it wil |: .have an advantage over 'that by being h novea'deovheh necessary." * Mt. Worth's reasons for preferring the j i locust.post and chestnut rails are thus sta. j I ' ted. * It occupies less ground than any, other?the borders of the fields are easily | i k? pf clean?the great durability of the ! materials?the ease with which they may I heobfained hv everv farmer, as the trees I flourish in a tolerably good soil in every < part of our country. One acre thus ap- i propriatod is sufficient for a farm of five hundred aon s?and consequently, a quar- ' I ter of an acre will he abundant for a farm !' of one hundre 1 acres. To what better or 1 i more profita! le purpose can so small a por- j I t'ion of the best land on the farm be up- j I prrtpriaied ? The only objection, is, that I there is no immediate availability?that ' freni t wenty.fi ve to thirty years must e- i lapse Iwsfore the trees can be made into I rails. This objection is as unsatisfactory , as it is unsound. There. are thousands | who. if they were now to appropriate suffi- 1 cjent ground, according to the size of i their farms, and plant it as proposed, may J with the blessing of Providence, live to en. I jov its advantages for years. What ! not i plant an orchard, or a grove of locpst, or ( a cluster of maple, because we may not a live to enjoy the benefits thereof! Such c sentiments should never find an abiding \ place in the bosom of an American farm- < cr; for every intelligent man knows full t well, that every measure ofthis kind tends e not merely toaddrn nnd beautify his plan, s tation, but also greatly to increase its I prospective value. Every fanner should I see without delay to having hie grounds suitably stocked with trees. * It is estimated that a fence of locust * posls and chesnut roils, with very little I repair, will last for at least sixty years, so 1 ' that the necessities of the farm would re' quire only the third cutting of the timber ' ?the two intermediate cuttings, yielding < thirty thousand poets and rails are ready ] for a market, which would be readily found, and which at the low rate of five 1 - dollars a hundred, would give the owner of the farm an average gain of twenty dollars* for each and every year the acre of land was thus appropriated?in addition to furnishing ail necessary fencing 1 for the farm. Thi?, dating from the commencement, is a handsome profit. Cedar post and raVfrnce.?Taints f^arjiett, esq., a name familiar to the reading farmer,says: M J can affirm, from my own experience, that a cedar post and rail fence, without any ditch, the materials for which grow ipontaneously over a large portion of Virginia, and will grow by planting almost any where in the United States, will last, without the slightest repair, from thirteen to fourteen years; and may he made to last six or eight v^ars longer, by a few occasional supplies of rails and posts. I also know from my own experience, that either cedar, chesnut, or locust, the last of which is more durable than either, will in fourteen years grow sufficient!}'large to make the fence anew, if planted bv the side of it one or j two to each panncl."?Dir. Gametics ad- j dres; before ine frcdericksburg Ya.% Agricultural Society. A great diversity of opinion has pre. vailed among many peraons, as to the best time for cutting timber, so as to insure its greatest durability. Some recommend the summer season, some the fall, others the winter when the sap, has generally descended ; while others again who have entcrelinio a careful investigation ofthe subject, have come to the conclusion that the most suitable period for felling timber, is.in the spring while the sap flows freely. This will no doubt be considered ' as rank heresy by many of those who cannot regard \* ith complacency, what they deem innovations on the old and favorite systems. But this opinion is gaining ground ; from the simple circumstance that it is well sustained by incontroverta ble facts. An old and observing friend. Capt. Cooper of the Navy, furnished for public, ation some time since in an agricultural work, a variety of facts, touching this important matter; from which it clearly ap. pears, tl a: spring, that is, while the sap is flowing freely, is the bust-time for cutting timber.* The late Joseph Cooper, Esq. Farmers' Cabinet, vol. iii. p. 69.?one fact wp give. 44 J. O. (Joseph Cooper, E*q ) inferined rne that a' detachment of British troops crossed from Philadelphia on the 1st day of JV/ay, in 1777, and on the 2d commenced cutting down his woods for the supply of the army, and at the sa ne time to burn up his fencing, which they completely accomplished. 44 But," said be,44 tliey tau^h! rae the proper tune to cu4 timber to make it last. After thoy marched off, I found that many trees that were not cut into cord wood:those i split into rrils, be^ievui? at the same time they would soon de % warmly advocated this system, [n the I >ame paper, page 4, is a communication ; recommending tlie month of August,, within one day of the time, when the innon is full, as the best period for cutting ill kinds of oak. But it is ur^ed, in order , .o guird it from decay, to immerse the j wood, immediately after is cut and split j o the dimensions required, in Iimo and j water. io which it is to remain a year a- j [fording time for the particles of lime to Ksnetrate the pores of the wood. This iirie water is U> he frequently agitated. Phis process requires a vat, which may >e sunk in the ground at a little expense, rhe water and lime should be of the ronlistenceof white.wash. If the durability >f the timber is promoted by this process, t is evidently owing to the antiseptic quality of the lime-water, with which it is | iaturated, and not to the mere circum- 1 dance of cutting the timber in the month J :>f A ugust. The editor of the Genncsee Farmer,! ind a host of his correspondents, recom ; mend cutting timber in the winter, as rt>*"j lurability depends upon its being cut when : Tree from sap. Joshua Howard says, tuat ! from t went v.years experience in the pre. J servation of tiinher, the best time to cut-, t to insure durability, is when the tree is j n its greatest vigor?which, in the lair- ;" :ude of his residence, Dcarbornsvitle, NY if., is-about the middle of June. He cites i i case in which a man was convinced ajainst his will. A farmer in North Caro. ina wishing to fence a certain lot, wont o work according to the old theory, and i rut his rail timber during the full of the Jj noon in February. When he came in j i Vlny to put up his fence he was deficient j ihout forty pannels?he went into the ; j voods, cut the requisite quantity, and put j < tup as the only alternative. Ten or | welve years afterward 0:1 examining h:s > 'ence, he was exceedingly surprised to ind that the rails cut and split in May j vere infinitely more sound than those cut ind prepared in February. There are housands of similar cases. A great variety of plans have been pro. >osed for the preservation of timber. The > ate Samuel Preston, of Stockport, Pa., J vas satisfied froin experience, that posts j< ot with the top part in the ground .will j' nst from three to four times as long as j < vhen they are set with the but-eud i lown. Daniel Longstreth says that pen. < tocks and other timbers exposed to wet | >r dampness near the water wh?el, are | ilaced by many rnilUrights with the top < md downwards, as they are found to he j t nore durable than when placed in a di(T- I int position. Chasing posts has been < trongly recompiended and extensively 1 iractiscd, without, however, answering 1 ully the expectation of its ndvocates. ' Wood tar haj been recommended as a pre | iervative of timber. A correspondent of | he Farmers' (Va.) Register, cites several ' rery interesting cases which go to prove hat pasts cut, and put in the ground green, j viJl remain perfectly, sound many years i ifter well seasoned posts, in the same line - ~ - ?' ??j ...? .? i >t fence in me same *?", ? ?" pui -?? at he same time, have entirely decayed. IVe need, however further experiments on 1 ill those points. ? 1 1 1 ' ggggaeg i mm j i FBOM THB HIGHLAND MBSSENGKH. CHEROKKR INDIANS. In proportion as this unfortunate face j >f people recede before the hitherto resis. less march of the white manr every thing jonnected with their history, or in any way calculated to throw light upon their :haiacter, manners and customs, becojnos natter of interest. It has always been I the misfortune of the world, that the rhost i favorable opportunities for collecting hisnriffll farts have been suiFercd to, pass 11 unimproved, and it was not, in cases, i until the generation witnessing the events bad passed away, that any one seemed to | hav thought of making them matters of record. So it has been in regard to the ' Cherokee Indians. North Carolinians bave had abundant opportunities to collect a fund of interesting and useful historical matter in reference to this pnoph. which, if treasured up would have boon ' entertaining and instructive, for gem ra tions to come. But these opportunities loa very great extent, have been suffered to pass by. and now we either seek in vain, c>r reiy upon the vague statements of inrhfferenl witnesses for those factsconnec. ted with their history, which justice to the future required that some competent wit. ness should have made n matter of record. We lately spent a few days among that portion of those Indians who, under : [litfprenl treaties, have been citizenized, ind are now living in the hounds of this State.?With the law, or policy, under ind bv which they were suffered to remain, we at present have nothing to do. On that subject we have not been sufficiently informed, to make up ho opinion altogether satisfactory tooursclves. though as yet we have neither seen or heard any thing contrary to the belief that their remaining here, is in perfect accordance i with equal justice and good policy. About their present condition, however, we may venture a few remarks, as we wer^ somewhat particular to acquaint ourselves with it correctly. There are two settlements or towns in this State N. C. one on the waters of Ocono i Lufty river in Haywood county, and the other is, we think, in Cherokee county, on a creek called Chenee. The former, [the one we visited] contains about seven hundred people, and the latter from four to five hundred. Of the seven Hundred in Haywood, we jaw at least'five hundred. Afore than four hundred we together at rol igioug meeting, and without a'single exception they were all comfortably clad, atid had every appearance of beihg 'Af M et! fed and cay, frem their being cut in the spring?but I have been agreeably d'g.ippomted?most of t hem-are .as sound no* as when made into 1 fence." This he related five.and twenty or 1 ihrty years a/ter tbe peace cf '88. as healthy as we would expect to find the same number of people in any nation or in any country. Their clothjng was all plain, not tossy coarse, but it was such as would make them altogether comfortable ?in most cases it was dean, and what was much to their praise it was mostly of their own manufacture. Their cabins presented, t6-bo-Sure, but little neatness, or what the more civilized and . refined would call comfort, but they, with their corn fields, potatoe nnd bean patches, presented an assurance that their owners ! were like, for the ensuing year at least, to ' have an abundance of the necessaries ofj lifo, and to be able to enjoy them under full protection from the inclemencies of the season. In reference to their situation, as it regards sustenance, we confess we were never more agreeably disappointed in our lives. Tht:\ still retain many of the ancient customs of their fathers, though we were i'lfonnod that juany had been lost. Very few of them speak or understand the English language, and wc are much inclined to the opicion that it will be well for them to remain so, at least for a considerable trme to come, as a knowledge of that language would bring thom into an association witii a class of the whites, from whom they would be like to learn many voices, and perhaps no virtues. .1 At pie ont.rhou-?rn nrnverhiallv sober, and for .7 r the most part industrious.?They have a temperance society, to which with five or #ix individual exceptions, they all belong, and no people on earth adhere more rigidly to their pledge. The principal Chief informedus that there were but three or four individuals among them who drunk spirit at all, 44 and these," he added, 44ncre> drink here?Tfitcv always go among thi: wnitks to gkt drusk !!" A fact that must be looked upon by all, as any thing else than creditable to the white man We are satisfied ourselves, that the true cause why the Indian race has always been found to decline, and in some tribes, to become extinct, when surrounded ir their settlements by the whites, is to b< sought for in this very fact, 4* they go amnng the whiles to get drunk !" By indulging in this propensity, they ncgleci to make the necessary exertions to procure a sustenance, and in consequence, live a great portion of the summer season pn weeds and roots, which naturally, prepared as they are by them, induce disease, particularly among the children, and an xtenninating death ensues. In place of declining, we have no sort of doubt but [hat they will prosper and do well, though entirely surrounded bv settlements of whites, if they can be kept sober. And we have as little doubt of theif being kept ?ober, if proper exertions be made on the part of those whitos who act as their a* [fonts, and otherwise have influence among them. Those of whom we'have been speaking, ,hnve rip id laws against drunkenness, sabbath-breaking, and other more promt* he'nt vices, which they most vigorously enforce. From eighty to a hundred among them are members of the church, find at present, they are favored with the constant services of a minister, sent among them as a missionary, by the Methodist church. We were particularly interested with some specimens of their mechanical skill* In one instance, at his request, the Agent, Mr. VV. H. Thomas,) had supplied a sprightly young Indian with a set ofblack* j smirhirtnr trm!.*. who went immediately to ! work, and in a tew months presented hi4 | benefactor with a percursion pistol, lock, j stock and barrel?entirely of his own ' manufacture. The pistol is now in our , possession, ready at any time for the in. spection of the curious. Finding that we , were interested in their work, they kindly promised that at a future day, they would furnish us with a variety of specimens done up in their best style. Phytic..?We have heard a good story j of a physician \vr>|| known in Boston, who ; * -J p;.rlv at his house one evening. It | was iij those davs. when it was common ? hand to your guests a glass of wine, during their vi>it. On this occason, hy some mistake of the servant, some bottles with wine of Epicac, were decanted, and sipped at, and drank, by the jovial guests. Pretty soon, the demonstration that it was very good medicine, became manifest? those who only sipped, escaped with a few qualms?but those who drank deep, were desperately sick for a time. What with the emetic and its effects, and the woqder of the doctor that his wine (on which he prided himself) should produce such consequences, it was one of the most excited parties of the season?but not one of the most agreeable. The sufferers remembered it for a long time. YANKEE INGENUITY. The laughter loving editor of the N. E. Review, says that on a trip to Albany, he stav'd all night at one of the hotels near the river. He went to bed, but was soon awakened by an army of bed-bugs, who made a fierce and simultancons attack uuon him, "front, flank an'4 rear!"? Coward like, he fled to the middle of the floor, and secured a blanket and a pillow, and bivouacked there for the remainder of the night. Here they charged on him again, and routed him completely. He roared lustily for Boniface, and begged him to send up a pint of molasses. This was done?when his quillship proceeded very deliberately to draw, a circle upon the floor, with the molasses, about 10 feet in diameter. . After shaking himself thoroughly on the outside of this magic ring, he ventured . within ..it,-and slept quietly till morning! N. Y.Sun. x - i . . , It is thought the tolls of the New York Canal this ye$F will.exceed two millions of ' dollars. At the Niagara office the re-, ceints exceed those of the whole lest yegf by 110,000. / COX6BE8SIOUL / Senate. Fiscal Bank. The time of this Senate was taken up j mostly in considering the Bank b?H from the 21sr to the 28th. Various amendments were offered by the opponents of j the bill, which after discussion were rejected. The hill having first been considered in quasi committee, came up again in form, when the amendments adopted in committee were finally passed upon, and most of thein concured in. The amendment allowing ten stockholders to examine the private accounts of individ- ! uals was not concured in. The amend- j mcnt forbidding the bnnk to issue bills loss than ten dollars was changed by substituting 5 for 10, and reserving to Congress the right at any time to prohibit the emission of bills less than 810. Among the amendments offered was the following, July 26th, by Mr. Tafpan of Ohio. Sec. . And be it further enacted, That this being an act to create a fiscal agent of the Government of the United Stales, Congress hereby assert the power, under the Constitution, to alter or repeal the same at pleasure, except so far us it provides for the payment of the loans which may be contracted under its provisions. Mr. Benton said the amendment enii i . .1 t. i ; i_ I nniea inem 10 pass on me uruau principle of repeal: when the other National Banks were established, no notice was given of any intention to repeal. He held it the duty of the Democracy to go on and nev. a* give the subject up until they had de^roved it. The question was then taken on the adoption of Mr. Tappan's amendment, and stood as follows: Yeas.?Messrs. Allen, Benton, Buc anari, Calhoun, Clay, of Ala., Cuthbert, ^ulton, King, Linn, McRoberts, Mouton, Nicholson, Pierce, Sevier. Smith, of Conn. Sturgeon, Tappan, Williams, Woodbury, Wright, Young?21. Nays?Messrs. Archer, Bnrrow, Bates, Bayard, Berrien, Choate, Clay, of Kv., Dixon, Evans, Graham, Henderson, Huntington, Kerr, Mangum, Merrick, Miller, Morehead. Phelps. Porter. Prentiss, Preston, Rives, Simmons, Smith, of Indi. ana. Southard, Tallmadge, White, Woodbridge?28. On the 27th after some speeches had been made for and against the bill, Mr, Clay of Ky. after stating that the friends of a bank finding that the bill in its present form could not pass, there being 2G against it to 25 for it, had after consultation come to a compromise, and after explaining and advocating at some length an amendment which he held in his hand, he moved its adoption. It was ,to strike out a portion of the 16th fundamental rule, aud to insert the following: "A nd the said directors may alao eatablish one or more competent offices of discount and deposite in any territory or district of the United States, and in any State, with the assent of such Sta'e; and when established, the said office or offices shall not he removed or withdrawn by the said directors prior to the expiration of the charter, without the previous assent of Congress: Provided, in respect to any State which shall not, at the first session of the Legislature thereof held after the passage of this act, by resolution or othar usual legislative proceeding, unconditionally assent or dissent to the establishment of such office or offices within it, the assent of the said State shall thereafter be presumed; and ' provided, nevertheless, that when it shall become necessary and proper for carrying into execution any of the powers granted in the Constitution, to establish an office or offices in any of the S'ates whatever, and the establishment whereof shall he directed by law, it shall he the duty of the said directors to establish such oflv-c or offices accordingly." Mr. Rives followed at great length against the amendment. Mr. Preston addressed the Senate in faa -1 1 A. voroi tne amendment. Messrs. Calhoun, Walker, and Buchan-1 an, each spoke at length in opposition to it. Mr. Clay rejoined, and was followed by Mr. Rives in reply at a very cenaiderable length; when the question was taken on the adoption of the amendment, and decided in the affirmative as follows: Yeas?.Messrs. Barrow, Bates, Bayard, Berrien, Choate, Clay, of Kentucky, Dixon, Evans, Hicham, Huntington, Kerr, Mangum, Merrick, Miller, Morehead, Phelps, Portir, Prentiss, Preston, Simmons, Smith, of Indiana, Southard, Tallmadge, White, Woodbrige?25. Nays.?Messrs. Allen, Archer. Benton, Buchanan, Calhoun, Clay, of Alabama, Cuthhert, Fulton, King, Linn, McRoberts, Mouton, Nicholson, Pierce, Rives, Sevier, Smith, of Connecticut, Sturgeon, Tappan, Walker, Williams, Woodbury, Wright, Young?24. Here there were cries of 4* question on emrrossment?question on engrossment." The question being then taken, the vote stood for engrossment. Yeas, 25, Nays, 24. the names the same as on adopting Mr. Clay's amendment. July 28/*. The Fiscal Bank bill ha ving been read a third time, and on the / luafinn M Gknll ikito Kill no aa i" WilUII illio Ulll J/Uv^O J Mr. Benton rose to deliver his views against the amendment of Mr. Clay, which had been engrafted on the bill yesterday. He said, if the charter was brought before the Supreme Court by a writ of error, it would be reversed at once. He said he would undertake to go into Court with his writ, and return with a reversal as soon,as the papers could be read. Mr. B concluded his remarks with a motion tp postpone the bill indefinitely. ' Afr. Dixon repljed to.Afr* Benton, and controverted-his position that the amendme'nt pf Afr. Clay ofyesterday surrender pd the branching power to the States. I . . , ' .. . question which looked to the jle fence* of > the country, in reply to the gentlemen from New York, to show that not only &L the time of an acknowledged deficiency v in the Tteasury, but with a cruel Indian war raging on our Southern border; with I our navy, our gallant little navy, that'bad jy' won us so many laurels in ao reduced a condition as to be incapable df contending upon equal terms with the navy of any X respectable European power ; withf our fortifications in a state of dilapidation and ruin ; with tho case of McLeod unsettled, and the ilfainc boundary question uuaC* justed, the gentleman, and the party with whom he acted, had abandoned that great fountain of national wealth,, thhV public ^ land; and had thus weakened our meant , of defence. If the proceeds arising from the tithi of the public lands, instead of being die. tribued among the States, were added to the regular appropriations for the increaat of the navy, and for successive years ex* "x clusively to that object, the day would not be distant when we would enabled to compete on the ocean, evfcn with that proud nation, which has so long borne tho trident of the seas. Then we should hear A hut little of American merchantmen be. I ing searched without the authority of 8 treaty, or detained at tbe me re-discretion fl of a Lieutenant, that stept the* quartar 8 deck of a British cruiser. Then ypqld we be able to plaice ourselves upon the B He contended that, although there was no express power in the Constitution authorizing Congress to incorporate a bank, with or without branches, or within or without the District of Columbia, yet the same rtiight be done by Congress whenev' er they were convinced that such institu! tion would be necessary and proper in carrying into execution any of the express substantive powers conferred by the Constitution on Congress. Mr. Woodbury made a brief remark in favor of postponing the hill. He pronounced it defective in detail, find said he hoped it would be postponed at least until a hotter could be matured. 1 The question was tben taken on the indefinite postponement, and decided in the negative 21 to 28. [Cries of "Question ! Question ! J Mr. Henderson said he did not rise to I make speech, but simply a confession. If he had been present on yesterday, he I should have voted against the amendment but he had withdrawn rather than vote against the proposition of those with whom he had been politically associated. He was opposed to the principle, the time, manner, and occasion. Ho should vole for the passage of the bill. The question was then token on the passage of the hill, and decided in the affirmativc, as follows : Yeas?Messrs. Barrow. Bates, Bayard, 1 Berrien, Choate, Clay of Kentucky, Dix! on, Evans, Graham, Henderson. Hunting| ton, Kerr, Mangum, Merrick Miller, MoreI head, Phelps, Porter, Prentiss, Preston, j Simmons, Smith, of Indiana, Southard, I Tnllmadgc, White, Woodbridge?25. I Nays?Messrs. Allen, Archer, Benton, Buchannan, Calhoun, Clay of Alabama, Fulton. King, Linn, McRoberts, Mouton, Nicholson, Pierce, Rives, Sevier, Smith, of Connecticut, Sturgeon, Tappan. Walker, Williams, Woodbury, Wright, Youug As soon as the vote was announced,! i there was a vcrv considerable sensation of applause in the galleries, which occasioned one or two taint cries from below of i ? Clear the galleries." No attempt how- , ever was made to do so. T e only other business of importance t done bv the Senate was the passage of a | bankrupt bill, on the- 23rd. July, after a i discussion of some hours. The vote j j stood 26 to 23. Of the Democrats Messrs. ? Mouton, Walker, Williams and Young j voted for ft; of the Whigs 3/essrs, Archer, Bayard, Graham, Prentiss, Preston and ( Rives voted against it. A motion to in. elude hanks in the provisions of the bill failed by a vote of 16 to 34. t ? I Horse or Representatives. ^ July 22d and 23rd were consumed in debate upon a resolution to appoint a committee of nine to take evidence du- ^ ring the recess, -as to the operation ol the | present system of revenue; the object he- s ing to procure information bearing upon ( a rev sion of the tariff*. The resolution ? finally passed, 100 to 104. Mr. McKeon j soon afterwards moved a reconsideration ^ of the vote, which passed on the 24th. 11 and the resolution was laid on the.table. ( The Duty Bill was then taken up, and j Mr. Fillmore made an expose of the con. ( dition of the treasury, showing that the additional revenue to be raised hv it, was ^ necessary, and that it did not interfere with the compromise. , July 20th 27th. and 28th. were spent | in considering the revenue bill) in Coin-1 mittee. On the 28th. a motion to ter- j ( minute the debate, nnd report the bill on ( Friday the 30th. prevailed. The bank bill from the Senate was re. cetved by the House on the 28th. end Mr: Sergeant, chairman o; the financial ' committee, having been asked which hill ; he would press, the one from the Senate , or the one reported by himself, replied j J that he would prefer the Senate's bill. j ^ When the bill providing for a home j [ squadron was under consideration in the j House of Representatives, July 21st Mr. | J Gordon of New York complained of being " called upon to vote away money borrowed whilst the proceeds of the public lands had been given away to spendthrift states. Mr. Morgan of N. Y. replied that the loan of $12,000,000 had been made to pay a ( debt contracted by the last administration, t of which his colleague was a devoted ad. s vocate and supporter. After some other i members had spoken, I Mr, Campbell of South Carolina said 1 that he rose principally for the purpose of 1 replying to the remarks of the gentleman y from New York, [Mr. Monday,] who had e said that the loan of $12,000,000. recently 8 authorized was intended to pay the debts F contracted by the late Administration, " and, that no part of it could be applied to 8 the defences of the country, Mr. C. re. & greted the introduction of party questions, 8 particularly upon subjects of national im* ? portunce, upon which, if possible it was de- ^ sirable that all should be united. Bnt 1 he would ask that gentleman to say, whe. ^ thcr the loan was not intended to moet c not only an existing, but an anticipated ( deficiency in the Treasury ; and whether c he and the party with whom he acted in ^ this House, had not added to the antici. 2 pnted deficiency, by voting away the pro- * ceeds to arise from ihe sales of the public e lands, amounting, according to the esti- v mate of the Secretary of the Treasury, to $2,500,000 annually, but which might fairly be set down at a much larger a- j mount, and thus increased the Anticipated j deficiencies in the Treasury to that j amount. <j The Chair pronounced the discussion f to he out of order, } Mr. Campbell resumed, and said, that ? althodgh he yielded to the decision of \ the Chair, he did so reluctantly, for he haa s not supposed it was oijt of order upon a c elevated position of making no improper 9 demand of others, and of yielding to none 1 as he trusted we never would, that were improperly made upon ua. Then, air, would wc march on in peace, undisturbed by the jarring elements of Europen n politics, or the ambition of European powers holding colonies in our neighborhood, to tbe accomplishment of our high destinies. Mr. C. did not anticipate a war4 bo , trusted that the true interests both of this 4 country and England, were too welt tin* yi derstood to render such *n event at all probable. His hopes upon this subject'' were increased, from having read in i morning paper an extract Ocom a late dress of Sir Robert PeeUo 'jfce electors of the borough of X^nworth, who, in tbe event of the success of tbe Conservative party, in the great struggle whi^ is now imitating the British kingdom, it was generally supposed would boot tbe brad ? a n ? a j >1 ine next ormsn Aaro^pnuiuu) ? which he had expressed the most enlightened views in relation to the tnie polity )f England upon the subject of peace with this country. And, in the event of the auccass of the Whigs, and the present Ministry heing retained in power, he thought we had no sufficient reason te relieve, from tho past, that their vices would not be equally enlightened ltd pacific. He was unwilling to tax the pep* )le heavily upon the hare possibility of a war, hut he would appropriate every del. ar that could he spared from cither neces- ? ary expenditures6fthe Government, ! completing the d^ferlceh of ind putting the navy on V resfteeiaMe "ooting. He hoped that the vote upon his occasion would he a decisive one, inlupport of this favorite arm of national fe fence. If the sum asked byrthe hill tad been larger, he woufd cheerfully vote for it. i" '{ ?-1 Mr. Stanly now moved that the coinnittee rise and report the hill to the Hotpe The motion prevailing, the committee i ose accordingly, and the chairman retorted the bill to the House. " And the hill having been read the third < lime by its title, and the question being/ if >n its fin ?l passage in the following form, nzy \ hiil making appropriation for the pay, subsistence, Ate. of a home squadron Be it enacted by the Senate arid House )f Representatives of the United States oj America, in Congrext assembled, That, foj he pay and subsistence, increase and re >airs, medicines, and contingent expensei >f two frigates, two sloops, two small ves els, and two armed steamers, to be* eir iloyed as a home squadron, the suft n even hundred and eighty.nine thousaij hree hundred and ten dollars is hereVf ippropriated, to be paid out of any monef n the Treasury not otherwise appriatea The operation of the rule of the Houi says the Madisonian.) limiting spenkes o one hour works admirably. 1* ipeeche* are more condensed and eflfej* ve?the Hall/is more fully attended';?as [louse is kept on the qui viae and bitless goes on with unusual facility. lit ndeed, a great discovery.' The "peoja ? vill approve, and both parties will^ lib ie 1 snd, find it a happy rule. It saves ti^ pacevlabor, passion, money. The ne^. tapers will be thankful for short speece* ?they will be more generally publisfcd ind read, and the readers will thtiik fiiaph tetter of their authors. "Brevity is p* oul of wit." A man of education aid food sense will speak with precision tid irevity. It is the empty headed *>d veak minded whoj^r verbose. Cbnlensation is an ev^|c^b if talent; he ppoeite is a sign of sallow nets; Mr. -1' ?lark, of New York, is entitled to the. redit of proposing a rule like the one we tave alluded to, at the beginning of die !6th Congress, and Mr. Warren, of i Jeorgia, and Air. Holmes, of 3. G.? wilt injoy the merit of having successfully re? rived it. v ' A NEW SYSTKM OF tklbisbapws. One of the most important and useful nventions we have seen for a long time a new system of telegraphs invented by Ifonsieur Goxon, now temporarily a resu lent of this city. The plan is now jn succes* ulloperation in this city, and to an extent vhlch'trifl give any at1 a glance sinost, an idea of its iftility add value.?* or the Government it auwid. prove an ll-importantinvsotion irt time of war or if threatened danger, aneffor individuals J