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^ i ' il-MM ????? ~S=g^Bg=*^=^===^=g~5=g?^^g=3g= VOLUME VI CHERAW. SOUTH-CAROLINA, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4, 1841. NUMJBER 38. | | | | | _ I m I I II iBWiniB ! II I nil By M. MAC LE1\. Tkrms:?Published weekly at three dollars & year; with an addition, when not paid within three months, of twenty per cent per annum. Two new subscribers may take the paper at five dollars in advance; ana ten at twenty. Four subscribers, n<?t receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, In advance. A year's subscription always dtie in advance. Papers not discontinued tosolvit subscribers an arr^ya^ Advertisements not exceeding 16 lines inserted or one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each | ubeequent time* For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar ' if the intervals *are longer. Payment due in | i advance for advertisements. When tlie number of insertions ig not marked on the copy, the advertisement will be inserted, and charged lil rdered out. ITT^ The postage must be paid on letters to the I editor on'the business of the office. I From the Farmers' Register. : ttuu KAUl.tU( It is a maxim in law, that " when the reason of the law ceases, the law itself ceases but not so with custom. An old national habit is unmeaningly persevered in, when the reason of its origin has long ceased to exist. This remark can find no better practical illustration than in the common mode of raising hogs in VirVginia. In the early settlement of Virginia, when most of the forest was standing, the cheapest possible method of raising Niiogs, was to permit them to ruu at large. Yho acorns afforded by extensive tracts ofs woodland, unenclosed, would keep hoos in good condition without grain, or with a very small allowance of it. But since, at least tu o thirds of the virgin for- ' est of Virginia has been cut down, and the best acorn bearing trees pillaged from , the remaining third, hog raising in wood commons has become entirely unprofitable. There is noopiuion more common j among farmers, or more erroneous, than "that a large wood range will keep hogs ii good order, whether it happens to be a good mast year or not." Except the acorn, and woodland is the most inferior ringe for hogs. Earth worms, green vegetation, and aquaitic plants, the or- ( dinary food that the hog obtains when running at large, are found in greater a- . hnndance in cleared, than in woodland. A large tract of woodland keep9 the hog unceasingly running and rooting, j without affording any compensation ^ for his labor?and this tantalizing j *" * operation keeps him always poor. With these few preliminary remarks, I j will give youi readers, Mr. Editor, my experience in raising hogs. I have been engaged in the business for about five years. The first year, I suffered rav hogs to run at large,'-irke my neighbors, in a j common, near my settlement, a part of which was my own land. They were fed ( by\t slave every morning, (?uch was the arection, however,) at a considerable distance from the corn crib and dwelling ^ house. At a little upwards of a year old, | they weighed about 75 lbs. average. My ( u mode of management the second year, was but little variant from the first. The overseer personally attended more to A1 n * - -v., k tl*A Ks-trvo icnro ineir iceaing IUI3 > UUl, UIIU IIIC UW^O nviv j ^ tatter, or rather not so poor, during the whole year; and consequently, I lost more bv theft the second, than the first . 1 year. I do not recollect the precise num. ber stolen, but distinctly recollect being frequently informed, through the year by i the feeder, that "that another of the fattest hog$ was missing." At killing time, the j hogs of this year averaged some 10 or 15 . lbs. in weight more than those of the pse-1 vious year : they were, however, a little j older. This circumstance is recollected from the fact that they were bred by the same sows?and these sows for several vAnra nrnrbirpd two litters of DifiTS annual V wv"*"" r* " "" 1 cr I iy, and about a month earlier each year. ^ My third year's trial was pretty much a repetition of the first. Tliev were lean through the year until penned ; some were stolen, and when killed, were entirely j insufficient in quantity to supply the plantation. Thus, for three years, we failed to raise a sufficiency of meat for the use of the plantation. In the month of Feb., 1835, (as is shown by an extract from a memorandum book,) I shut up about a dozen shoats, recently weaned, that were pigffed in the 1 December before. At the same, 1 kept my stock hogs, and some others not of the same age, with the penned shoats in a standing pasture, or lot, of about twenty ( acres. I gave the penned shoats nearly as much corn as they would eat three tines a day. Why soon became very fat, but vTe.'a iWen with a cough in April: their tongue* became blark and swollen : fhev were then turned in the pasture with the stock hogs; their cough soon left them, and they continued to fatten as kindly as when confined in a close pen. I attributed the change in their health to the cooling effect of green food, and to such other diet as the instinct of the anima! suggests when ruuning at large. ~ ~ I tUSnlr The objections 10 hive raising, * unun, are, that it has a tendency to produce vermin, which are as prejudicial to the fattening of the hog as the most inveterate disease. They are not apt to be supplied with a plenty of fresh water, or with such cooling diet as the hog obtains running at large, to obviate a tendency to inflammatory diseases. Close penning might be perhaps, profitably resetted to, where the greatest care is taken to supply a quantity of fresh water, where their troughs arc regularly well cleaned, and occasional doses of powdered brimstone and salt are given to cool the blood and prevent vermin. I should suppose that it was essential to have ashed to protect penned hogs from the heat of a summer'sun. Hut to return from this digression. The twelve hogs above mentioned, were killed in Dec., 1935 at a year old. and weighed one hundred and seventy-five pounds a head. 1 neglected to attend to the most, important item in the above experiments: that is, the quantity of corn the several parcels of hogs consumed each year. 1 proceed, with more pleasure, to givo in account of my experiment in the year 1836. (I should have mentioned that the twelve bogs before alluded to wero not of the same stock with mv killings of the three previous years. Thcv were of the scrub stock of the neighborhood, crossed on the Kentucky hogs.) My stock of killing hogs for this year, (1836,) were littered late in December, 1835. They were enclosed in a fifty acre field during the year?were about twenty in number, and were fed twice a day with a halfbushi c .i x _ r...j T.? ei or corn in ineearui a iccu. iu ????- j early part of the year, when they were pigs and small shoats, the half bushel was not filled ; in the early part of the fall it was rather more than filled ; and, during the month of November, their allowance was again increased. Nearly half of the w ? fifty acre field was in woods: a part of the remainder was set in young clover and herds grass. The hogs were killed in November, at a few days less than eleven months old, and averaged one hundred and forty-one Ihs. a head. If they had been highly fed through the month of November and December, and killed at a year old. 1 believe their weight would have been increased nearly 30 lbsa head. The items of management variant from the ordinary mode of raising hngs in this vicinity, were keeping the sows fat from the time they became pregnant until they littered ; spaying and castrating at a very early age ; keeping the killing hogs fat the whole \ear, cutting off the rooter, or cartilage of the nose ; and giving them, frequently, salt and powdered brimstone. [ have not lost a single hog from theft, or Jisease, during the two last years, with [he exception of one or two pigs that were littered in severe cold weather. The land grazed by the hogs was hut little rooted, md was manifestly enriched by their Iroppings. They were fed in a small pen <ept well littered, and encouraged to sleep nit at night. The manure raised from them is considerable, and seems to be of a superior quality. I should have mentioned that the killing bogs of the two last mentioned years, were fed, in the summer, partly on vegetables ; and whenever they had an allowince of corn was curtailed. Having railed a very unusually large crop of toma[ocs; they were fed in quantities of half a >:ishcl at a time to the hogs; they ate them very cautiously and sparingly at first, but soon acquired great fondness for them. I have given you, Mr. Editor, my limi * - - - i _ i ton experience on nog raising, uuu candidly believe that 1 have much more now lo learn of the nature, habits, &c. of this valuable animal, than when I first commenced to attend to the subject. From \n experiment accidently made. I enterlain the opinion that the most profitable mode of raising, is never to winter a hilling hog; but so to regulate the breed, ing of the sows, as to cause them to litter about the first of March ; and then to feed liighly the sows and pigs two or three times i day on grain and vegetable diet, fruit, kc. Hogs well fed, littered in March, and killed in December, may be made to weigh, ordinarily, from 150 to 400. 1 have four sows that will litter in a few days, and expect to kill the pigs in December next, when 1 promise myself the pleasure of communicating for the Register the result ofanother experiment. My neighbors are introducing improved breeds of hogs, (the Bedford and No-bone,] and are very much pleased, particularly with the former. The Bedford stock beep on very little food, and make, 1 have been f J , imonnca, excellent riKisiem. w. From the London Farmers' Register. ON DESTROYING BATS. Sir,?The following is a reply to your correspondent's inquiry, as to the best mode of destroying rats. Should he find either of these methods succeed, he will oblige by a reply through your paper. 1st?Corks, cut as thin as sixpences, . roasted or stewed in grease, and placed in their tracks, or?Dried sponge, in small pieces, fried or dipped in honey, with a little oil of rhodium, or?Bird-lime, laid in their haunts, will stick to their fur, and cause their departure. If a live rat be caught, and well rubbed or brushed ove . with tar and trainoil, and afterwards put to escape in the holes of others, they will disappear. Poisoning is a very dangerous and objectionable mode. If any of your chemical readers could suggest any very pungent smell, procurable from suostances resembling garlic or asafortida, this might be of great use. as this animal has an extraordinary fineness or susceptibility of scent; witness its extreme predilection for oil of rhodium, &c. I consider your correspondent's query a very important one, and it is surprising that the attention of farmers, and others com crned in the | removal of thesa vermin, lias, in this age of discovery, been so little drawn to the' subject; more particularly so, as the newspapers present so many recent instances of attacks, made bv these creatures on ' # / , infants, &c. I really think the matter moredeserv-' ing of notice, than has hitherto been giv. en to it; and, apologizing for the present intrusion, I remain yours, very truly. A Constant Subscriber. Bristol, March 10. on drenching cattle. March 1st, 1841, To Wm. Dick,?Sir,?1 trust your position at the head of the veterinary profession in Scotland, and your well, known desire to improve it, will-induce you to pardon me, a perfect stranger, in thus addressing you, and requesting your attention to the following facts :? k i ? A ? mm/v t ha/1 a (i no miAtt I iiUUUl <L II1UJHII ligu JL liuu (4 mav \juv^ calf, nearly five months old* that the servant told me in the evening she had observed passing water of the color of sherry wine. I ordered halfa pound of Epsom salts to be dissolved in a bottle of lukewarm water, and given to it, with two or three bottles of water-gruel immediately afterwards. The calf was eating hay when the servants went to the byre; they had not well left it ere I heard it roar; and on sending them back it was dying, and died in less than five minutes, without a struggle. I caused it to be opened. We could l discover nothing wrong with the kidneys,1 Jivcr, gall-bladder, or any where, until, on opening the lungs, 1 found the tubes filled I with frothy liquid, some of which 1 had j also seen about the nostrils. I have no j doubt that it was killed by part of the salts or gruel goingdown the windpipe. The servant man, in holding it, stated that he , had pressed his finger or thumb on the point of its tongue within the mouth while the liquid was being put into it. As I supposed the holding or interfering 1 with the tongue to be the cause of its death, I desired the servants never to do so again. Two days ago I had an Ayreshire cow. ten or eleven years old, that had been at pasture throughout the day. After being brought home she refused her turnips in the evening, but ate some hay. She also ate a little more hay after being triiikcd. At supper time, 8 p. m., she was lying, but rose like the rest,yet did not begin to eat any of the straw that was then put before her. % ! At 9 p. m., she was still standing, but had not eaten any of the straw; nor is it probable that she ate any of it afterwards. At 7 on the following morning she was lying more on her belly than her side, with her feet and legs under her. The servants endeavored to get her up to milk her, but she seemed unable to rise. They then tried to get her to drink, but she would not; so they drenched her with five or six bottles of warm water-gruel as carefully as they could, and without touching the tongue. It was near 9 a. m., when I saw her, still lying as described. No pulse was to be felt; she was breathing rather quick, ly, and looked very languid. I sent for the cow doctor, but before he had time to frii'n Iipp nnv tMncr. she was dead. She rj"v ?J p' _ died yery quietly, and without a struggle or groan, al>out 11a. m. On being opened and very carefully examined, nothing wrong could be seen with the heart, liver, kidneys, stomachs, or bowels; but on opening tho lungs, I found in the tubes branching off from the windpipe above twenty small pieces of ! hay and straw, about half an inch in , length, the hull or husk of some oats, and > small piece o a turnip, about the size of [ a flattened pea, with a little white matter which, on washing and drying, I think | has every appearance of oatmeal, or the j sediment of meal and water. I now had no doubt that the substances lound in the lungs were the cause 01 death ; but how did they get there ?? that is the difficulty. Could the bits of hay, straw, &c. have been lying in the mouth and carried down the windpipe by a small (juantity of the gruel, although given with care, alwavs from a bottle and the tongue not touched 1 or could they get [there by any other means? I could send you the bits of straw, &c. taken from the lungs, in a letter, if you wished to see them. The mealy matter, might, perhaps, proceed from a drink or food which the cow got the day before she died?if you think it possible for such things to get to the lungs of a living cow without human interference. Had the cow been quite well until she got the gruel in the morning, I should, of course, suppose that there could be no doubt I about it; but when you think on the fact that she refused her fodder at supper-time, was lying on her bell v in the morning and either could or would not rise to be milked, at drink?all of which took place before any gruel was put into her, and that she allowed ?t to be given while lying and without offering anv resistance?it is difficult to account for? neither does it seem very likely that many hits of hay or straw should he Iving in the mouth so as to he carried down the windpipe by any of the gruel. Would you have the kindness to favor me with your candid opinion of th i case, and aTsq to inform ine what you consider the safest method of putting liquid into cattle? I am, Sir, (fee. REPLY. Edinburgh, 5th March 1841. Sir,?I have been prevented until now by an extreme pressure of business from answering your letter on the cause of the death of your cow and quey calf. I have no doubt that the pressure on the tongue of the calf, bv interfering with its action o and also nreventinr? the action of the , c I lower jaw, was the cause of the salts get. j ting into the windpipe nnd producing death by suffocation. And although it is not so easy to explain the manner in . which the straw, &c. got into the cow's j windwipc. I think, if the whole history of the case could be got at, we should be able to trace the cause to some accident. It is possible she might have allowed these matters to have passed into the windpipe accidentally, especially if she was attacked by any cough ; but it seems to me more likely that t ere had boen some other affection which gave to the symptoms that existed prior to the gruel being administered ; and that from rumination being suspended, she had had some portions of straw, &c., in her mouth at the time the gruel was given, and this if she chanced to struggle or cough, would pass into the windpipe and altimately destroy life. The simplest and test way to give liquids to a cow, when she is tied to the stake, is for the operator to pass his left qnder the cow'sjaw, and to take hold of her left cheek with two of his fingers, and with a horn or n bottle to pour the liquid into the right side of the mouth with his right hand, giving both the tongue and jaws as much liberty as possible. An assistant should steady the head, aud assist in keeping it moderately high by taking hold of the horns. When cattle are held bv the nostrils it frequently produces coughing or sneezing, and substances are apt to get into the windpipe. It is a bad practice to press or gripe the windpipe or gullet in order to make them swallow, or to take hold of the tongue, as is frequently done; and when they cough the head should he let down at once, so that, if any thing has got into the windpipe, it may be driven out. Accidents, such as you have described, are frequent, and I think, commonly, arise from the causes which I have alluded to, or the rough manner in which cattle are too commonly treated. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant. William Dick. Rheumatism in the Horse. Mr. W. C. Spooner, V. S. Southampton. It cannnt.be doubted thatrhcumatism both in its acute and chronic form, is met with, from time to time,in the horse, though by no means so frequently as in the human subject. I am, however, inclined to think that it exists oftener thanjis generally supposed, and many of those flying obscure lamenesses are doubtless of this character, and account for the anomalous fact now and then to be found, of a lame horse uvrking sound. I have in my eye several instances of this oocuring. The diseases of joints in colts, late noticed in The Veterinarian both by foreign and domestic authorities, are doubtless or a rheumatismai / Knmrtnr: a few cases that I have 1 met with in the colts appeared of this nature, the disease flying from one joint to another, and attended with large and painful swelling. Cattle, perhaps, are still more subject to this disease, and under the obscure names of joint felon and joint murrain we have an inflamatory disease of the joints and sinews of a rheumatic type.?A short time since I was requested to diamine a cow that had calved two months previously in a cold and wet situation, which, according to my informant, had given her a chill across the loins ; for she had been unable to walk or stand since. She had been under the care of a farrier, who finding at length that the joints were much swollen, said she had the joint murrain, and therefore 1 .L;__ f?. tin. T fmtnrl pnn. ne couiu uu iniiiiiug iui ugi< * siderable swelling in front of each knee, which, though soft, did not appear to contain pus. The off hind hock and leg was also much swollen, and very painful, in several places the skin was worn through to the bone from constantly lying down. The pulse was very quick, and although the animal would still feed, the constitution was eveidently wearing away from pain and fever. Being convinced that sad alteration of structure had taken place, both externally and internally, I de"i sired that the animal should be destroyed | which was accordingly done; and I exam*! ined the body. The swelling of the knee j I found consisted of a serous and bloody fluid, in which floated shreds of tendons and ligaments, nnd, in one knee, the capsular ligament had given way. In the hock a complete abscess had formed among the sinews at the back, and was eat. inginto their very substance and extend, ingsorne^distance below: the thigh was also much diseased. In the abdomen there was a quantity of serum, in which flakes oflymph appeared floating about. Con. sidcrable adhesion of the viscera to the abdomen had also taken place, and appear* a nee of inflamation about the loins.? The pericardium likewise contained se. rium Here the same class of membranes appeared diseased throughout, and in my opinion, the case was of a rheumatic char, acter. A case of very decided rheumatism in a pony lately lately came under my atten. j tion. I was first requested to look at him on account of his lameness of the off fore leg. He evinced considerblepain when the limb was raised, the seat of which was very disticntly pointed out asjthe muscles of the shoulder. The animal tiad been driven rather a longjourneyon thepreviousjday,and T considered had been thereby strained, i I hied ftom the arm, and ordered the shouler to be fomented, <fec., after which an ambrocalion was rubbed in. In the course of a week or two the lameness almost suddenly left him; but in a few days afterwards he was lame in the off hind leg. I now pronounced it to be rheuma. tism. After awhile the lameness left him; but shortly afterwards he was brought to me very ill with, as I considered, the symptoms of pleurisy. He was bled and otherwise treated, and the next day appcared much better. Soon afterwards he was lame in the near fore-leg, then the near bine leg: and the pony appeared to suffer much pain; this went on getting gradually worse, and the urgency of the lameness appeared to fly from one joint and limb to another. Very little treatment wus employed, as the owner did not wish to incur much expense, and the animal, though useful wa* not veryjvaluable. Opium, however, appeared to give only temporary relief. And poultices and external stimulants afforded no benefit ? The upper joints of the hock became greatly distended with synovia, producing both thorough-pins and bog-spavins; the knees too, were much swollen, but the swelling was hard, and promised to become bony. The pain was so great that the animal would scarcely stand up, and then would stand with difficulty- At length* to cut the matter short, about two months from the commencement of the disease the animal died. Sectio cadaveris?The muscle* connecting the humerus to the chest as well as those in the neighborhood of the hip joint, were, in places, in a state approaching to mortification. The hock joints contained in a large quantity of synovial fluid, thick, and nearly opaque; and in one back, at the upper and back part of the joint?-the seat of thorough-pin?the synovia was in a coagulated state. The capsular ligament was considerably thickened at the seat of l>og spavin, and appeared red and injected. There was considerable adhesion of the viscera of the chest, and inflammation of the pleura costails ; water in the pericardium, enlargement of the heart, and vomicae in one lung. The liver was found considerably thickened, and on being cut into, exhibited a curious appearance ; white lines,'about an eighth of an inch in thickness, appeared running irregularly among its substance, giving it quite a marbled appearance. These white lines appeared to be of a scirrhous nature ; but the greator portion of the liver was rather darker than common, though readily broken down. I had known the pony nearly two years; he was about ten or twelve years old and used to carry a great deal of flesh. Within the last six months he had fallen ofl* in this respect, though he bv no means looked poor; but the owner finding that he did not perform his journeys with the same vigor, as before, though he usually set out with much spirit, sold him to a gentlemea, who not approving of him shortly afterwards re-sold him to another. frnm whom he nassed into the hands, at a reduced price, of a respectable dealer, who thought he had a bargain, but found to his cost that it was by no means a fortunate one. The post-mortem appearances fully explained the history of the case? the loss of condition was, no doubt, to be attributed to the diseased state of the liver, which was probably the prior disease. The flying lameness, muscular pains, swellings of the joints, inflammation of the sheath of the tendons and symptoms of pleurisy, all appeared to be owing to the rheumatic affection which, though at-! tempting different cavities and nying about from part to part, yet exhibited throughout thesame distinctive character ?attacking at the same time the same description of membranes. The Veterinarian for iMTay 1841. From the Farmers' Cabinet. ARTIFICIAL DIVISIONS OF THK FARM. ' Fences in rural economy comprehend in general, every sort of enclosure that is employed for shelter?or designed for the J protection of the lands thus enclosed, from j (he intrusion of cattle* They are of dlf. ferent kinds, depending on the various | circumstances of soil, situation, the kinds of materials at Jiand mast suitable for the purpose, and the convenienco with which they may be obtained. Where a country is entirely in tillage, it is of less importance that farms be divided by artifi-* cial barriers; but wherever live stock is kept, this is essential to the proper keepi ing of the animals, and to the profitable I occupation of the grounds; and besides the purpose of retaining and separating animals of different kinds from one another.* Every person about to erect ft fence should have special regard tj three essential points?durability, eco4$fny, ana r.e.iuiess ui opfitaiauvc. 4 Poor fences are of incalculable mischief to the farmer." They are ferquently the means of disturbing that good neighborhood, which would, in many places, otherwise exist without interruption, if each farmer would attend to having his fences well and substantially made and kept constantly in good order and repair. Unless fences are made sufficiently high and strong, there can be no safety to the crops?the cattle, selecting the weakest points are apt to break over them, and thereby imbibe vicious habits. The descriptions of fences and the method of their construction, depend wholly upon the soil, the various kinds of materials at hand or most readily obtained. There are a variety of kinds of fences or enclosures used; the log fence, the post and rail, the worm or zig-zag, and thestooe?which, when the materials are on the ground, and the fence is properly built, is by all means the most durable, economical, and secure?the ditch, the paling, and the live hedge. But in whatever manner, and of whatever materials they m?y be constructed, they should be frequently surveyed with a critical eye, and all defects rectified without the least delay. and alartninrr TC it V 1 HO {(ivi'illg auu aiBMiinig J of timber in the United States, render* the enclosure of farms a very expensive item. It therefore is the interest of the former to preserve his fences, now in good condition, as long.as possible in that state? md, in the construction of new ones to exercise economy, by tiaving them erected, of whatever materials, in a most substantial and durable manner. 71m saving of a few dollars in the outlay, b only apparent, not real. ' We must not be understood as advocating extravagance in this or any other departnent of rural affairs?but we do maintain thatl what is worth doing at all, is worth doing well, and that, therefore, in the erection of fences, the best and most durable materials should be selected : and the whole put together in a solid substantial, and workmanlike manner. Almost every individual has an idea that he fully understands the processor making rail-fence, which is a simple process, and yet, perhaps, not more than one in twenty has any established system or fixed rules, by which their operations are to be controlled in this essential and important department of farm-labor. A writer in the Genesee Farmer, says that no sight ia to him more pleasing, than a well made rail-fence. His system of construction i9 briefly as follows: "To ascertain when a sufficient num. ber of rails have been drawn for a given distance of fence.?If the fence is to be seven rails high, and twelve feet long, place them in piles of ten each, in a con* tinuous line touching each other. 2.? Place, in range, stakes or poles at intervals to designate the line?prepare a pole j seven or eight feet long, well sharpened ' at one end ; [the end ought by all means to be pointed with iron.) At about eighteen inches from the pointed end, fasten a rod at right angles with the pole, and extending thence from three feet, two, i four, or six inches, according as the fence id exposed to winds. Put down this polo in a range with the poles designating the line, and the end of the rod w ill show the place for the corner.?Place then, for a foundation, a good sized flat stone, and you are ready to commence operations. 3.?The bottom rail should be straight? I place the largest end forward on the stone, | and the other end crossing the preceding rail at the end of the rod of the ranging pole, so that the corners on* each aide be in exact line. 4.?Let the Ave following rails be placed the smallest end forward, and notched, if nece**iiry to make them lie steadily. 5.?Let the top rail he heavy and well notched, the largest end placed whi*>h rnmnUfM the work. leav IVI "OI U| . ing you;* fence level, and of equal height throughout." Various substitutes have been proposed for the common post and rail fence, the most prominent of which will be hereafter noticed. Notwithstanding the great scarcity of timber in the Atlantic states, which is a matter of great solicitude, in view of obtaining in future a supply of timber uiiftnklA fm fpn/>in<r nlnn?_.thft SVfttein of post and rail fences, with proper mauagement on'the part of farmers may be easily, and advantageously perpetuated. James Worth Esq., of Sharon, Newton, Bucks county, [Pennsylvania? a gentleman who has devoted much of lug. time, talents, and fortune, in promoting the general interests of agriculture?after a minute and careful examination of th& claims of all the varieties of famt 00*4 | - * Lw'eEismMt*. t Z~-.: *: -*?* 4 *"