Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, July 07, 1841, Page 130, Image 2
I ggggggg-gggg
Thu McLk0D case.?The following is i
the part of Mr. Buchanan's speech in <
the Senate in which he takes exception |
to Mr. Webster's interpretation of the law '
,y af nations applicable to this cause. A <
few sentences of mere illustration are 1
omitted for want of room. '
I shall now offer a few remarks on the
question of public law involved in this case, <
<5c then close what I have to sav I sincerely |
believe the Administration of Mr. Van t
Buren was perfectly correct on this doc. .
trine, as laid down bv Mr. Forsyth. If I ,
had found any authority to induce me to
entertain a doubt on that point, I would (
ivfer to it most freely. I now undertake
to say that the only circumstance which .
has produced confusion and doubt in the |
minds of well-informed men on this sub- <
joct is, that they do not make the proper ,
distinction between a state of national ,
war and national peace. If a nation he
at war, the command of the sovereign ,
(
power to invade the territory of its enemy,
and do battle there against any hos- (
tile force, always justifes the troops thus (
engaged.
When any of the late invaders arc .seized,
they are considered as prisoners of
war, and as having done nothing but what
^ the laws of war justified them in doing.
In such a case they can never be held to
answer, criminally, in the courts of the
invaded country. That is clear. The <
invasion ?>f an enemy's territory is one of j
the rights of war, and, in all its necessary ^
consequences, is justified by the laws of ^
war. But there are offences committed
even in open war, which the express com- j
mand of the offender's sovereign will not j.
shield from exemplary punishment. I
wHI give gentlemen an example. A. spy j
wdlbe hung, it caught, even though hop
acted under the express command of his t
sovereign. We might cite the case of
the unfortunate major-Andre. t
Now, let me tell whoever shall answsr t
me, (if, indeed, any gentleman will con-j
descend to notice what I have said?for
it seems we on this side of the House are j
to do all the speaking, and thoy all the
voting.) that all the authorities concur in ^
declaring that the law of nations protects
individuals while obeying the orders of
their sovereign during a state of open and
flagrant war, whether it has been solemnly
declared or not. and whether it he general,
or partial. These authorities go no further.
But, to decide correctly on the
application of this principle in the case be- r
fore us, we must recollect that the two c
belligerents here were England on the s
one hand and her insurgent subjects on
the other, and that the United States were ^
a neutral Power, in perfect peaca with f
England. But what is the rule in regard q
to nations at peace with each other? This (
the question. As between such nations,
does the command of an inferior officer a
of the one, to individuals, to violate the a
sovereignty of the other, and commit ^
murder ot arson if afterwards recognised t
by the supreme authority, prevent the na- jj
tion whose laws have been outraged from ^
punishing the offenders? Under such
circumstances, what is the law of nations? ^
The doctrine is laid down in Vattel, an e
author admitted to be of the highest au- g
thoritv on questions of international law ; a
and the very question, totidem verbis e
which arises in this case, is in his book ^
stated and decided. He admits thai the j,
lawful commands of a legitimate Gov -y
eminent, whether to its troops or other
citizens, protects them from individual j
responsibility for hostile acts done in obe- a
dience to such commands, whilst in a state j
of open war. In such a case, a prisoner r
of war is never to he subjected to the cri- j
minaljurisdiction of the country within
which ho has been arrested. But what is
the law of nations in regard to criminal g
offences committed by the citizens or sub. ^
jects of one Power, within the sovereignty v
and jurisdiction of nnother, they being at j.
peace with each other, even if these cri. j
minal acts should be recognised and jus. ?
tified by the offender's lovereign ? This g
is the case of the capture and destruction ^
of the Caroline. The subject is treated j,
of by Vattel, under the head "of the con- c
cern a nation may have in the actions of j ^
hercitizens," book ii, chap. 6, page 161. t
I shall read sections 73. 74 and 75 : i t
14 However, as it is impossible," says i ^
the author.44 for the best regulated State, I {
or for the most vigilant and absolute So-1 f
vereign to model at his pleasur) all the j t
actions of his subjects, and to confine j f
them on every occasion to the most exact j
obedience, it would be unjust te impute to j
the nation or the Sovereign every fault a
com mitt ted by the citizens. We ought j
not, then, to say. in general, that we have ?
received an injury from a nation because f
we hnve received it from one of its mem- s
bers." I
44 Hut if a nation or its chief approves j
i i f . i ? i I
una mimes ine act 01 ine individual, it c
then becomes a public concern, and the t
iniured party is then to consider the na- (
tion as the real author of the injury, of
which the citizen was perhaps only the r
instrument." $
"If the offended State has in her power t
the indivitlual who has done the injury, she j
nv/y, without scruple, bring him to justice fl
and punish him. If he has escaped and g
returned to his own country, she ou^ht ^
to apply to his Sovereign to have justice a
done in the case." s
Can any thin<* in the world be clearer? (
The author puts the case distinctly. The j
nanon injured ougnt not to mputc to the ^
Sovereign of a friendly nation the acts e
of its individual citizens: hut if such a
friendfy Sovereign shall recognise the t
acts as his own, it then becomes a nation- v
al concern. Hut does such a recognition c
wash away the guilt of the offender and t
release him from the punishmensr due to s
his offence under the jurisdiction of the N
country whese laws he has violated? Let j
Vattel answer this question. He says : f
of ended State has in her poirer I j
the in iiudval who has done the injury, she
.... ' m * " * ? "
?<V< ? *- '
nay, uilhout scruple, bring Kim to justice I
ind punish him." There is the direct, fi
)lain, and palpable authority." And c
iere permit me to add, that I think I can h
>btain a M disavowal and disapproval of n
the act, and also such redress as the na- p
ture of the case required." Notwith- b
rtanding tho enormity of the outrage, as p
tainted in this very communication of b
jur minister at London, drawn up in con. s
formity to instructions from Washington, r
the late Administration, the Senator's e
political friends, in whom he thinks there h
was no uant of energy in prosecuting the t
lemand for redress, actually slept over F
this national injury from May, 1838, to J
March, 1*41, when they went out of F
power? And so profound was their slum- '
Der that, in a late debate to the House of t
Commons, the British Secretary of State r
for Colonial Affairs (Lord John Rnssel) t
stated that the complaint of the Ameri- *
can Government was, for a long period, considered
as dropped. It is true that t
Mr. Stevenson, who could not but feel F
the awkward contrast between the lofty t
tone of his communication to Lord Palm- t
jrston, in May, 1838, and the patient ac- <
quiescence which followed in the long J
continued silence of the British Govern 1
nent, did, in July, 1839, write to Mr. 1
EVreirtk iftirnftw ifhp should renew the
L uioy 111 ?\..w ?? ? ~
mbject with Lord Palmerston, and if, ?o <
:he degree or urgency he should adopt. 1
To which Mr. Forsyth replied no ; " the '
President expects, from the tone of Mr. 8
Pox's conversation, that the British c
government will answer your application c
n the case, without further delay."
But, in point of fact, no answer was given t
>y the British Government down to the 8
>eriod of the late Administration's exit v
rom power. *
All this while, then, the destruction of 11
he Caroline" stood vnexplainc.d and unavwed
by the British Government, and I
here was nothing of a conclusive nature r
o determine whether it was to he viewed v
is an unauthorized act of individuals or r
ts the public act of the British autltoritips. 1
n this state of things, McLeod, in Nov. 11
umber last, came into the State of New. F
fork, and having, from his idle, and, as j
s now universally believed, false boasts, r
ncurred the suspicion of having been a
;uilty and conspicious actor in the de. f
truction of the Caroline, he was arrested ?
nd indicted therefor upon a cliarge of 41
aurder and arson. Mr. Fox, on the 13th *
f December, demanded of the Govern. "
uent of the United States the liberation
>fMcLcod, on the ground " that the de- ?
truction of the steam boat Caroline is ^
veil known to have been a public act of 0
lersons in Her Majesty's service, obeying \ w
ho order of their superior authorities."
The demand was refused, because the ^
Government of the United States had no
ight to interfere with the judicial tribun- u
Is of New.York, which had taken cogniznee
of the case ; and in regard to the *
leclaration of Mr. Fox, Mr. Forsyth sta- 0
ed that * if the destruction of the Caro- e
ine was a public, act of persons in Her n
Majesty's service, obeying the order of ^
heir superior authorities, the fact has not v
>een before communicated to the Gov- 0
rnment of the United States by a per- P
on authorized to make the admission, J*
nd it will be for the court which has tak- ,r
n cognizance of the offences with which 0
tfcLeod is charged to decide upon its val- ^
litv, when legally established before it." B1
Ir. Fox. recurring to the same subject, ^
a his letter to Afr. Forsyth of the 29th P
)ecemder, 1^40, stated that 44 he was not I 'r
nthorized to pronounce the decision of P
ler Majesty's Government upon the re. n
nonstrance which had been addressed to 1 P
t by the United States against the act in J ]f
|uestion." . "
Thus stood the question at the acces- n
ion of the present Administration. The
lestruction of the Caroline had not as
'et been avowed by the British Govern- *(
nent as a public and authorized act. 0
Jut on the 124h of March, eight days c
ifter the inauguration of President Harri- J
on, Mr. Fox addressed a letter to Mr. f
i? o , ?r I ll
r? eitSltfTf OCi/iciai v ui uiuiu 111 ivji mi it*; .
lim that ho was instructed by his Gov- "
irnmcnt to state that " the transaction,1'
the destruction of the Caroline within (n
he territorial limits of the United States.) | "
' on account of which McLeod was arres- !
t'
ed, was a transaction of a public charac- j
er, planned and executed hv persons duly c
empowered bv Her Majesty's colonial au- n
horities totakc any steps and todo any j J
icts which might be necessary for the de- | *
ence of Her 3/ajesty*s territories, and for j4
he protection of Her Majesty's subjects; j a
md, consequentlyi that those subjects ot | '
ler Majesty who engage^ in that tran.
action were performing an act of public a
lutv, for which they cannot be made.peronallvand
individually answerable to the '
awsand tribunals of any foreign country.' ?
"pon these grounds, he wrs instructed to ;
lemnnd ajjain from the Gnveriunent of .
l 11
he United States the immediate release
c
>f Alexander McUeod. ^
This communication of the British .
ninistergnve a new aspect to the subject, ^
md presented for the consideration of
he American cabinet a grave question, of j
he first importance in the intercourse
md responsibilities of nations. The de- P
truction of the Caroline, for a supposed a
wrticipation in which McLeod had been
irrested and indicted iu the courts of P
^ew-York was now avowed by the British j
Government to have been an act of pubic
military force, planned and executed ^
iy competent public authorities, in alleg- ^
d defence of Her Majesty's territories, ^
md as such, was justified by Her Majesy's
Government at home. However un- ^
varrantable the act, from that moment it ^
:ould he viewed only as a national wrong,
he full responsibility of which was asmmed
by the British Government, and in ^
vhich the individuals concerned were but ^
rresponsible instruments, acting under q
>rders which they were implicitly bound
o obey, ? ,
Under these circumstances, the presen t
? MM???HW3?BWq^?M?1
. * j *
Ldministration was called on, within the
irst week of its official existence, to deide
what course was due to the national
ionor in this nsw attitude. They could
tot but adroit, that, by the principles of
tublic law, as recognized and sanctioned
y the usages of all civilized nations,
ersons engaged in military or naval en.
erprises, under the orders of their lawful
uperiors, could not he held individually
esponsihle for what was done in the excution
of those enterprises. McLeod,
lowever, was in the hands of the judicial
ribunals of the country, and by regular
rocess only could he be discharged. The
Executive authority had no right to inter>ose
its arm tor his release. What, then,
vas the answer of the Administration to
? ! a! P it T* i t n
necommunication 01 me nritisn uovcrnncnt
? It was such as Mr. R. believed
he Senate would feel to be its accordance
vith the honest national pride of every
Vmeriean bosom. It was, in substance,
his, for he had not the answer of the Sec>rove
that, according to sound reason,
he principle is correct, and that the quesion
would now be so decided bv our
;ourts, even if the law of 'nations had
>een silent on the subject. This not only
a, but ought to be, the principle of public
uw.
Mr. Webster, in his letter !o Mr. Fox
>f the 24th of April, tells the British Minster
that the line of frontier vrhirh separates
the United States from Her Britinnic
Majesty's North American Provines
is long enough to divide the whole
>f Europe into halves."
This is true enough. Now, bv admiting
the doctrine of Vattel to he incorrect
nd unfounded, on what consequences nre
re forced ? I be<i Senators lo consider !
his question. The line which separates
s from the British possessions is a line
ing enough to divide Europe into halves,
leaven knows I have nodesireto see a
ebellion in Canada or the Canadian proinces
annexed to the United States; hut
io event in futurity is more certain than
hat these provinces are deslined to be
iltimafcly separated from tho British em ire.
Let a civil war come, and let every
IfcNabb who shall then have any comnand
in the British possessions along this
nng line be permitted to send a military
xpedition into the territory of the United
Itates whenever he shall befeve or presnd
that it will aid in defendingthe royal
nthority against those who are resisting
:, and war between Great Britain and
^)e United States becomes invariable. A
ritish subject marauding under the orers
of his superior officer on this side
f the line is seized in the very act. Well,
'hat is to he done? I suppose we arc 1
> wait until we can ascertai i whether his 1
Jovernment choses to recognise his hosle
or criminal act, before we can inflict
pon him the punishment which he deerves
for violating our law?. If it does,
ne jail door is immediately to be thrown
pen ; the offender, it may be the murderr,
takes his flight to Canrda, and we
mat settle the question with the British
Jovernment. Such is the doctrine ad.
anced hv the British Government and
ur own Secretary of State. This princile
would, as I say, lead us inevitably into
rar with that Power. Whr t can be done
? a state of war ? In that case, the laws
f war provide that persons invading our
jrritorv who arc captured, shall be condered
and treated as prisoners of war.
lilt while the two countries continue at
pace, a man taken in the flagrant act of
ivasion and violence cannot he made a
risoner of war. McLeod, however, is 1
ot to he treated on this principle, and
unished under ourlnws if he be guilty,
\st we should offend the majesty of Engind.
The laws of New York ore to he
ullified. and the murderer is to run at
i rge.
But if the principle laid down by Vatel
be sound and true, all difficulty at |
nee vanishes. If such an offender be I
aught in the perpetration of a criminal
ct. he is then punished for his crime,
jet him be tried for it at least, and then,
* there are any mitigating circumstances
i his case, for the sake of good neighbor,
ood let him escape. There will then be j
o danger or war from this cause. Let;
le suppose a case. Suppose Colonel ;
lMan McNab should take it into his head i
hat there exists in the United States a
onspiracy against the British Governlent,
and should believe that he could iinavel
the whole part by seizing on the
Tnited States mail in its passage from
lew York to Butfalo. Ilf places himself
t the head of a party, comes over the i
ne, and seizes and robs the mail; but in
he act he is overpowered and arrested
nd he is indicted before a criminal'court
f the United Stnte*. W II it be main
linen triat, it the British government
bould say, We recognise the act of Mc- ,
fab in robbing vonr mail as we have a!- ,
lready recognised that of his burn,
ig your steamboat, and killing your
itizens, would Mr. Webster be justified in
irecting a nolle prosepvi to he entered
a his favor, and thus suffer him to go
ree ?
I do not say that the British Govern- 1
lent would act in this manner : hut I 1
ut the case as a fair illustration of the
rgument. There was ore case in which
Dmething very like this might have hapened,
and it was even thought probably i
lat it would happen. It was reported |
lat an expo lition had been planned to }
jize the person of McLecd and to carry ,
im off to Canada ; [and ]: believe that a ,
ery distinguished and ga lant general in ' ,
le United States service, (Gen. Scott)? j (
n otneer tor wnom in common with all
is fellow citizens I cherish the highest
sspect and regaH?went, in company
dlh the Attorney General, to Lockport;
nditwas conjcclured that he had reeived
orders to ho d McLeod and defend
ie Lockport jail against any incursion of '
!ir Allen McNab or othei- person. \
Suppose now that such an expedition i
ad been set on foot; tha i it had suceed*
1 ** 1 - ' ' I
ed, and that McLeod had been seized
and carried off in triumph, the two 'nations
being still in profound peace. The
rescue of a prisoner is a high criminal offence.
What would have been done with
McNab if he had voluntarily come within
jurisdiction and been arrested? If he could
be indicted tried and punished befora the
British Government should have recog.
nisehisact, verywell. But if not, then, at
the moment of such recognition, he would
he no longer responsible and must fourthwith
be set free. The principal of Vatal
rightly understood, absolutely secures the
territorial sovereignty of nations in time
of peace, by permitting them to punish all
invasions of it in their own criminal courts
and his doctrine is eminently calculated
to preserve peac among all nations.?
War has its own laws, which are never to
be extended to the intercourse between
nations at peace.
The principal assumed in Mr. Fox's let*
* ? . S . I ? /* A ^ C
ter is well calculated ror tne Deneni 01
powerful nations when contending
against their weaker neighbor. But in
saying this I do not mean to admit that
we were a weak nation in comparison
with England. Wo do not, indeed, wish
to go to war with her, yet I am confident
in the belief that whatever we might suf.
fer during the first period of such a contest
would be amply compensated by our
success before we reached the end of
it
It is snid that one great purpose of the
lawi of nations is to protect the weak
aginst the strong, and never was this tendency
more happily illustrated than by
this very principle of Vatel for which I am
contending. I therefore believe that the
Sectetary of State was as far wrong in
his view of international law as in h s
haste to appease the British Government,
in the face of a direct treaty, by his in.
strictions to Mr. Brittenden. The communication
of these instructions to that
Government, we know, had the desired
effect. They went immediately to Eng.
land; and no sooner were they known on
that side of the water, than in a moment
all was calm and tranquil. The storm,
portending war, passed away, and tranquil
peace once more returned and smiled
over the scene.
[Mr. Rives's reply next week.]
11 ERA W GAZETTE.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 7, 1941.
To allow the hands in the office time
to partake in the festivities of the nation- .
al anniversary we lessened the quantity
of reading matter in this week's paper.
?*r ,i Wnoo,a r* !
nc return our iimuns ??? v/?ihoun,
Campbell and Sumter for valuable i
public documents. ,
The National Anniversary was celebrated
in our town on Saturday with the ceremonies
common on the occasion. The
Declaration of Independence was well
read bv Mr. Jonx Loxg, and an oration
9
very well prepared and replete with sound
patriotic sentiment was delivered by
Alexander Gregg, Esq.
The bill granting $25,000 to the widow
of Gen.'l Harrison has been signed by the
President and has become a law.
- '
A petition from the city of New York j
fur a national bank has been presented to j
Congress signed by between fifteen and
twenty thousand persons measuring 250
feet in length.
Cattle axd Hogs.
Mr. Samuel Sands, Publisher of the
American Farmer, Baltimore, offers for 1
sale the following stock: Several Devon
heifers;?A half Durham Bull, one year
old. large size, by an imported bull, out;1
of a cow which when fresh generally
made 10 lbs. of butter a week, and gave *
last Summer, on grass, 23 quarts of milk '
per day?Price of the Hull 635;?three j
Durham heifers, 12, 7 and 2 months old ,(
at 70,50 and 50 dollars;?four Devon j
heifers, 2 years old;?6 do. from 1 to 2 J
years old?very low, price not stated. 1
He also offers for sale a great variety
of pigs and hogs; among them Berkshires, '
Woburn, Irish Graziers, Thin Rind &c. 1
Some of the Berkshires we saw a few 1
weeks ago; they are very superior? 1
some from the stocks of Lossing and Benient,
and others the progeny uf direct ,
importations.
CONGRESS.
The two houses fire engaged in debates (
? A - - i L! a._ I. * _ L
cn important sunjecis wincn may occupy ,
some time. In the Senate the morning (
hour i9 consumed in debating a resolution ,
moved by Mr. Buchanan calling for the 1
names of all persons removed from office (
since the 4th. of M arch last; to which an
E.mendment is proposed by Mr. Mangum
to include the names of all persons re- j
moved since the 4th March 1829. Af- j
ler the morning hour the order of the
flay, which is the hank bill, is taken up. j
The opponents of the bill postpone the y
regular discussion till its friends shall s
lave passed over it section by section, 11
ind perfected it. Upon this they were e
ingaged as late as the 30th June. Among ^
he amendments adopted was one by a
fote of 33 to 16 to exclude foreigners
from holding stock. A motion to allow
'resident foreigners" to take stock was ^
ost by a vote of 24 to 25.
In the House of Representatives a bill ?
las been reported from the Committee of j
Ways and Means authorizing a loan of
512,000,000, at an interest not exceeding ^
j per cent, payable at the of the Governnent,
after June 1st. 1850. e
Mr. Floyd, ofN. Y. introduced a res- j
,g=g==sc
olution on the 24th. June calling on the I
President for information on the subject <
of his having despatched the Attorney 1
General or any military officer into N.
York at any time on the subject of the j
McLeod case. Mr. Floyd, Mr. Ingersoll
and others made speeches condemning ^
the course of the Administration in this
case# and were replied to by Mr. Cushing
and others. The resolution lies on the (
table after two day's debate. The de- j
bate on this question in the House as \
well as in the Senate, assumed a decided
party character. The only exception <
was that in the House, Mr. Holmesofthis
State, in a brief speech supported the
course adopted by the Administration.
The House now spends its time in dis- r
cussing a bill to distribute prospectively
the proceeds of the public lands among
the States. The bill embraces a provision I
granting the right of pre-emption to
seiners.
Remains of the late President.?A
committee from Cincinnati, among them
Judge Burnett and the Hon. J. C.
Wright, formerly in Congress, arrived in
Washington week before last, to attend to
the removal of the remains of Gen. Harrison
to North Bend. The committee
addressed a letter to President Tyler requesting
his concurrence. The President
replied in appropriate terms and communicated
the correspondence to Congress.
Each house appointed a committee to superintend
the removal of the remains o*
the deceased patriot from thcCongrcssional
burying ground, which was done on
Saturday the 26th. June. They were
carried on the afternoon of that day to
Baltimore, and thence on Monday pro- r
reeded for the West, accompanied bv the
Cincinnati committee, the son of the daceased,
and a detachment of marines, by
order of the President. The cars were
appropriately decorated with emblems of
mourning.
The jobbery of tiir Frederick County
Bank?.?The robber of this bank has
compounded with the directors, and was
allowed to retain the gold and the bills of
other banks than the one robbed for delivering
the bills of the bank. The
O , I
amount retained was about $23,000. The j
negotiation was conducted through a New
York lawyer. Query: may not the said
lawyer have been the thief, or an acccs.
sorv? Ought he not to be indicted? He |
charged a commission of ten per cent.
f?>r his agency; whether on the amount !
retained or on the amount returned is not
stated.
The Canada Parliament commenced *
its session Rt Kingston on the 14th. ult. >f
Austin Cuvilier, a Reformer and opponent f
of the union of the Canadas was elected
Speaker over the famous Sir Alan Mc
*?'> . ;
The New York Sun publishes a remedy 1 *
for Hydrophobia, and other respectable j
papers copy the paragraph. The reme. f
cly is represented to have been "success- 1 j
fully used by several persons." And?c
what is more, "it cured an animal which f
was bitten by a mad dog, when another t
on which it was not used, which was hit- 1
ten by the same dog, died." This looks a
like pretty strong evidence, and doubtless v
excites some curiosity in the mind of the |
reader as to what so valuable a remedy can r
be. Well, reader, we will not keep you in *
suspense ; it is "elecampane." But
mind, you must take just "one pound ^
grated fine." And then boil it in one ^
quart of milk just one hour over a slow , ?
tire ; and then you must take just three j
doses; that is to say, one every morning f,
for three mornings, and no more ; and f
just after getting out of bed. And .then
if you don't take the hydrophobia, why st
you have never been bitten by a mad j 1
Jog, that's ail. Or if you were, the saliva n
[)f tho animal was in some way prevented w
from coming in contact with your flesh, SJ
that is certain. j.
Gen. Macomb of the Army died in ^
fnno aT f?n. I
?? a.-1|llll?lWIl) VII HIV WVIU *UII?| VI U|^> |
Dplcxy. R
, p
The National Intelligencer observes, Jj'
14 Little did we expect, when we attended j
the funeral of Gen. Harrison, on, which
occasion Gen. Macomb commanded the 3
military escort, that we should so soon
lave to follow the remains of the living
General to the tomb." C
C
Another Honorable Forger?The c?
Honorable Asa Child, of Norwich, lately ^
President of the Norwich, and Worcester ^
Rail Road Company, has absconded with je
ibout ^$40,000, obtained from that th
nstitution by peculation and forgery. He M
vas last in Philadephia, en route it was of
mpposed for Texas. He was appointed
district Attorney of Connetticnt by Gen- cr
ral Jackson, and was a candidate for ^
^ran Buren Elector of President last fall. rj,
? i mi
11
From the St. Augustine Herald, nc
The following is an extract from an or- wi
ler issued by Col. Worth commanding J*'1
he Troops in Florida, for the purpose of ^
ecuring a safe communication between gtJ
his city and Pilatka : ex
Iead Qrabters, Army of Florida, ) wl
Pilatka, June 16, 1841. $ he
)rders} No. 13. Tl
III. A daily mounted patrole will he
stablished on the Picolata and St. Aujustine
Road, consisting of not less than
? " - - ?ip?i
len men, exclusive of an officer, or non
:ommissioned officer, to command, as the
;ase may be. These patroles will start
from each post at 5 o'clock A. M., meet 4*
it a point as nearly equi distant as may
!>e convenient to water, halt not less than
:wo hours* when each detachment will re.
[urn to its post. These detachments are
lot to laave the high road unless in pur.
>uit of the enemy, They are to give es.
:ort and protection to the mails and also
;o all citizens travelling the route, and
:heir effects.
The district commander will cause this
>rder to be carried into effect.
By order of Colonel Worth.
G. WRIGHT, Capt. 8th Ret.,
Act'g. Ass't, Adj't. Geo.
The Burial Place or General Harris.
on.
A letter from North Bend to the editor of
Lhc Lebanon Star says:
I am at present engaged in preparing and
gutting in order the mound or burial place lor
he reception of the General. It is a very
?)evated spot, a short distance west of the
iwelling house, and opposite the mouth of
;he tvnnel otthe Whitewater Cana', affording
\ very fine view of the Ohio River. We are
guildiug a vault on the top of the mound?
clearing off the undergrowth, leaving only a
tew scattering trees?fencing it in with a good
jlain, ihough neat and substantial fence;
larmonizing in this particular with the life and
character of him who is to repose within its
).<le. I think it quite likely the funeral will
akt place on the 4'h of Julv, or the day that
nay be kept as our national anniversary, for
he 4th comes ou Sunday. Of the time, how.
?ver, the committee will make a public an*
louncement. I sha'l expect to see a large
joncourse of the citizens of Warren county
)resen. on the occasion, for it is presumed that
very Wh-g, and many of the opposition
jarty will be desirous to pay the last tribute
>f respect to the departed hero, patriot, and
iage."
Bank Defalcations.?Rumor was *
ife yeslerday founded upon the outhority ^
>f private letters received in this city, that
tfacon has been the theatre of another
>ank robbery, which has just been detec*
ed in the Branch of the Central Rail
[load. Bank in Macon. The Cashiar of
he Bank is said to be the individual, who
lisregarding the plain precepts of the
jighth commandment, has lined his pock!ts
wiih the needful. We have not been
ihlc to loam the precise extent of the deicit
in his cash account, but all seem to
joncur in the opinion, that it is quite large,
probably twenty thousand dollars.
pefrbkd rORF.ION kewf.
The ovorland mail from India arrived
it Marseilles on the 30th of May, in 30
lavs from Bombay, being the shortest
time it was ever before accomplished* in*
[t brings Bombay dntes to the 1st of May,
Constantinople to the 21st, and Malta to
the 241h. The important intelligence
vhich it brought will be found under itn
jropcr head.%
The President Steamer had not ar
ived, and no certain news as to her fate
iad been received, yet at the time the Jolumbia
left there appeared to be inTeasing
hopes of her safety at Liver*
>oot.
Liverpool, June 4.
44 We have had a great many arrivals
if vessels from foreign ports to-flay, and
imong them the Fortftude, from Buenos
tyres: .the captain, (Arburthnot,) of which
itates, that on the 27th May, at 5 a.m.
at. 47 N. long 24 30 W? about ten miles
listant he saw a very large steamer steer*
ng to the N. E. without a funnel, a
Tippled foremast, and large paddle boxes
>ainted of a dark color, with a large squa/s ?
opsail set on the inaintopmast a topgal* *
antsail on the forefopmast and with fore
ind aft sails. The steamer was making
erv slow progress."
We confess upon the whole that we do
iot indulge much hope for her safety from
he?e rumors.
The relatives of her victims had genrallv
put on mourning, and many coljctions
of money had been made in Lonon
and elsewhere for the more destitute
imilies of the crew.
Two vessels of war had been sent out
'nm Lisbon in search of her, but with
lint hopes of success.
An American gentleman from Canton
lys the.city is doomed to the flames,
'here are 200,000 Chinese starving in the
eighhorhood for want of employment,
ho are as ready to ;ack the place as the
iilors are.
Accounts from Constantinople are to the
rth ult.
Accounts from Belgrade state that the in.
jrrection in Bulgaria bad been quelled.
The plague continued in Alexandria and
losetta. fa the latter the cases were 25
er day in a population of only 8,000. The
ises at Alexandria varied daily from 13 to
f. The official returns since the plague be.
in in December, 1840, to 13th May, 1841,
nount to 1,034 persons attacked ; oi these
30 are dead.
CHINA.
Most Important Intelligence from China?
apfure ot the Cogue Forts and the City of
anton by the British.?The intelligence relived
from China during the last month is of
highly interesting and important nature.
ur latp?r new9 from .Macao is to the 31st.?
eshpn's continued procrastination having at,
ngth exhausted Captain Elliott's patience,
e Nemesis steamer was despatched from
racao on the 14th of February, with the draft
a treaty for the approval, \ and ratification
the imperial high commissioner The
immander of the steamer was ordered to
ait at the Bogus for a reply until the IPth,
id in the event of his net receiving one by
at day, to return immediately to A/acao.
bis he accordingly did on the 19tb, Keshen
it having made his appearance, A circular
as then published, stating that the squadron
are then moving towards the Bocca Tigria.
n tne following day Captain Elliot received
message from Keshen, in which the latter
ated his willingness 10 sign <n? treaty, aira
cused his delay in not coming to the Borne
Me, the steamer was there, by alleging that
i had been detained by ecme piratical boa:s.
lis appears to have been a mere ruae to
in time. On the 24th of February a notation
of the renewal of hostilities was issued
her Brittannic. Majesty's subjects.
Towards the cloee of the morning of .