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' V * (Qwm&w .__ . ' , ; i??^^^^^^^Mg^ggggBgg5g5SBg5S5S5555S^wT,*"pM"M",^^M'"M*'MMM'l!iPn- ?* VOLUME VI CHLRAW,SOUTH-CAROLINA^WEDNESDAY, JUNE 30, 1841. } By M. MAC LEAN. ' . Tames :?Published weekly at three dollars a year; with an addition, when not paid within three month*, of twenty per eent per annum. . Two new subscriber* may take the paper at ftfe dollar* in ad ranee; and ten at twenty. Foar subscribers, not receiving their papers in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, In advance. A year'* subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers In arrears. Advertisements net exeqeding 16 lines inserted * on* dollar tha first time, and fifty cents each ubsequent time. For insertions at interval* of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar if the intervals are longer. Payment due in advance for advertisementa. When the number of insertions is not marked on the copy, the advertisement will be inserted, and charged til ordered out. CT The postage must be paid on letters to the editor on the business of the office, agggr.. r.. ajnnzTTj'nil AQU&V From the Western Farmer. ox. Mount Pleasant, March, 16,1841. To Mm. : Dear Sir.?Mr. Gill has just handed me yours of the 10th, and I feel unspeakable pleasure in answering yon. I am always willing and ready to give that information necessity to the advancement and final prosperity of the ilk business in this country. After be. ^ ing engaged in the silk business for the last 40 years, in London, Economy, Pa., * and Mt. Pleasant, in all its various branch. esi standings and bearings, I flatter my. elf my remarks may be taken as facts, founded oo a long and chequered experi. enoe. After the pertinent and judicious remarks made, by G. W. Gill upon silk raising, and published in the Western Farmer and Gardener, I should betray weakness were I to add any thing relative to that department. Still, as a pioneer in the silk business, I have many opponents to combat with, and much prejudice to remove, that stand as barriers to its 'more extended operations. Many good but mistaken gentleman have said to me. M What is the use of raising silk in this ?> > novar ml if wavp n? in CUUUll J I no vaII uo?wi ? ? v> v ... Fnoce and England." I would invite those gentlemen to come to Mt. Pleasant and see six looms in operation on plain aiIk, flowering silks, silk velvet, &c., dec. From this place I would entreat them to take a trip to George Rapp's establish, tnent, Economy, Pa., where my son su. perintends, and behold what an eminence they have arrived at. Neither France nor Eogland can surpass their machinery 01 silk fabrics. About four years back 1 put in action for them 2looms, silk velvet, and hat plush: now they have 6 ; and 18 months back there pas not a loom in Mt. Pleasant, and now 6. Surely this must convince the most perverse and obstinate mind, of the practicability of weaving up our own raising. What has been done here and at Economy, can be done almost anywhere in the Union. We have lately purchased a considerable quantity of reel* ed silk from G-G. Stockly, Esq., Cleaveland, Ohio; his production speaks volumes ^ of praise upon his exertions. We have purchased considerable quantities from various parts, but his exceeds all. For 30 years in England, I have had pass through my hands 200 to 250 lbs of silk weekly. (I appeal for the truth of this to w- A p? rPr.m Q Vf 111* V/rmi^C| v/iiiviuiiaiiiy * vii* ? k Bengal single, to a Piedmont; and I do not hesitate in giving the preference to the Cleveland produce. Upon the whole, from what we have raised ourselves and bought of others, I am constrained to give j the decided preference to the American silk; and when the worms are fed upon the Italian or Multicaulis mulberries, the silk excels all I have seen from France, China, Italy or Piedmont, in scent and brilliancy. I am aware the loss of scent er fragrance in England, may be accounted for by the length of voyage and the silk oftentimes exposed to the saline air : but the brilliancy I believe is peculiar to American alone. This ought to be a great encouragement to those who have commenced, to persevere, and an inducement to others to begin, knowing ultim ately it will be a source of wealth to this country ; and if our state legislatures will give ibe silk raisers their smiles and enoouragement, and Congress will afford its parental protection, we have nought to fear from any foreign competitor, or competitors. Let them try their worst, or do their best, they never can compete with us. I am happy to find you are about cammeucing this season; I wish you, sir, success and prosperity, and have no doubt of it ; for success is sure if conducted in a proper manner. We purahase cocoons to any amount, provided the crysalis is killed by suffocation, either by camphor, carbonated ?frnm I. nr Riilnhtir : the latter KM r - , - ? ^ I prefer, as sulphur is congenial to silk, and it is done much quicker and cheaper, ?-great injury has been done to good cpooons by baking them and steaming ; the former draws out the staple from the silk?the latter causes it to flake off when reeling. This ought to be universally known. Cocoons perforated by the miller, and doubled and indented, are useless to us,?-reeled silk we also buy; but the article we want for satins, velvet, &c., dbc., must have exceed from 8 to 10 fibres. AH our own silk we reel, we never suffer more than 6 to 8, for one thread ; for this kind of silk we give the Phila. """ " * 1? ? A price?from $5, DO to Jfo. uu per jd, io i oz.?Cocooqs, u before named, 84. 00 ' per bushel; if flossed, the measure struct off; if not, piled up in the form of a cone Wahave not (yet concluded as Tespect having an agent in Cincinnati, but as w< thing of increasing the number of loom; shortly, we shall establish something o the kind you name. But this need no be any hindrance, as we are constant!} receiving from all parts, cocoons packe( in flour barrels, directed to John Bayne Esq., Portland, near, Warren, Jeffersoi Co., O., for G. W. Gill. Portland is 01 the river bank, 7 miles from Mt. Pleasant Mr. Gill's wagons go to that place everj day, and bring home what's there. Whei you first start probably you may not b< able to reel so fine as I have described Should the silk be fuller, we will purchasi it, say $4. 50 to $5. 50 as the silk ma} turn out,?we have no eggs to spare, a we intend this season to raise 2 million I* itmn w/irm aril I sin li 01 worms?mc smgic vivji nunu, ??< vu.j produce 1 crop, but the two crop worms 2 crops prebabiy 3; but the latter cjop i not of ranch account.?I strongly recora mend Dennis's Silk Manual to your no tice ; it is the most coincise and judici ous treaties I have seen ; the price is 2' cts. We expect some on for sale shortly The space for worms is entirely discretion al, as some worms are much larger thai others ; but there is nothing lost by giving plenty of room : keep them clean, wel ventilated, and never touch them witi the hand if possible. I recommend th< Burlington feeding frame above all others Thus, sir, I have endeavored to answe your inquiries ; any further informatioi you need; dont be backward to write. ] have upon the average 8 letters to answei every week, from Nashville to Maryland Every state almost, seems alive to the sill business. Any remarks you may see cal culated to encourage and stimulate, or th< whole if you please, is at your disposal t< publish in the Western Farmer; my res pects to those gentleman the Editors. Yours, JOHN FOX. From the Western Farmer & Gardener CATALPA POSTS. Mt. Carmel, 111., March 8,1841. General Harrison some years ago, fron his residence on the Wabash, had enter tained a high opinion of the vast impor tance to the farmers of Ohio and Ken an/1 nf fh? crrpnt West ircnorallv ,WV-J? O o V growing the Catalpa or Catawba tree foi post and rail fences: his remarks wen published in a Cincinnatti paper. Mr Jetferson, in his notes on Virginia, or ir some other, published forty or fifty year ago, states that this tree was a native o the Wabash valley. In 1816, *17, ] found them here; but no one, not appri zed of the fact, would take them at firs to be the Catalpa or Catawba tree, a growing wild they look like the Linn.? That the high recommendation given bj Gen. Harrison of the timber, is correct I shall now state, that on yesterday pas sing the farm of Mr. Samuel Rigg, living three miles west of this, I was shown i post fixed for a barn, and a roof formei and covered ever; yet the post had sho out limbs; all hut one was cut away ? i i i- r iL. .t i. _ Wtiicn iormen a snaae iur me smciv, a well as a post to sustain the bam ! An other man, about three miles from Mr Rigg, had fixed a similar post for a gate which has grown into a free, andnotraci of the post is left! A tree, fallen acros a creok near Vincinnes, has formed i bridge for the French for 70 years!?Mr Rigg informed me that his barn post ha< lain exposed to the weather for severa weeks before it was planted. Discovering that the mere posts of th< Catalpa, Catawba, or Warhoo, as it i as it is called, takes root, I do most seri ously recommend to the farmers of Ohi< and Kentucky, to secure a sufficien number of them to plant a grove ; whei planted close they grow well; and as th< eccrentric old man, Joe Craig of Ken tucky, said of the black Locust, that wil "last forever," far he had tried it "thre times our Wabash Warhoo will out g his Locusts as to durability ; for we hav fouud logs, which from appearance ha reposed for ages, yet sound, and goo timber, lasting much longer than m worthy yet eccentric old friend livedo earth. But I have no doubt but he ha reached a better region than Kentuck) however highly that was extolled by hie while living! important discovery?how to rende wood imperishable and incombust] ble. From the Gennesee Farmer. Messrs. Editors :?A discovery of th highest importance appears to have bee made in France, by which the long-sough prerervation of wood from ordinary deca} combustion, &c., is finally achieved This has been done by introducing int the wood itself, through the agency c vegetable life, the substances which cor tribute to these important ends. It has, indeed, been long known t amateur botanists, that tho flowers c house plants, &c., may be colored by th introduction of coloring matter into th organnization of the plants; and that th flavors of fruits may sometimes be injure or destroyed bv liquids poured upon th ground, at the root of the tree, at the sea son of their ripening, which are subse c quently imbibed into tBe vegetable circa- at . l&tion. But these isolated facts have tin i hitherto remained with their possessors, ? without any useful suggestions having Mi s been djawn from them, like a multitude m{ f of other scientific truths, which only re- fOI t quire to be aplied to the arts, to produce c0 r the most important results of usefelness to ^ 1 mankind. r ^ , The announcement of this discovery i comes to us under circumstances Which i leave little doubt of its truth. The dis- a? . coverer having submitted his results to the f Academy of Sciences, of Paris, a commisi sion was named from that highly scien- th ? tific body, to investigate the subject, and fu1 . make a report thereon. In the hope of ab s usefulness, I have made a translation of / this report, (omitting some portions, as ir- ?jf s relvant to my purpose,) for your paper, *gr i which I subjoin; deeming it highly im- jr( j portant that experiments should be exten- ^ i, sively made, the ensuing summer, in con. cr a forraity with the discoverers' process, as . shown in the report. It would be no tri- . ? fling result to secure timber, in all situa- 1" . tions, from decay, and our buildings from 5 conflagration, at a cost so trifling as to be pi . within the reach of all. w A physician of Bordeaux, Mon9. Bon- al i cherie, has arrived at the all-important re- ta r I suit of rendering the tissue of wood almost tl] 1 entirely unattackable by those causes of pt i destruction to which it is ordinarily sub- ag * subject; and at the same time his pro- w . cesses render it much more suitable to the w r various purposes to which it is applicable t-( i in the arts. t A commission to the Academy of Sci- C{ r ences, at Paris, having been named, to ^ * examine the subject, Mons. Dumas, in the C( c name of the commission, made in Decern- g*( ber last the following report, as the result c( * of its investigations : u. "The Academy has charged Messrs. ^ Arago, de Mibrsl, Poncelet, Gambey, Audoin, Boussaingault, and myself, with w the examination of the Memoir of Moos. w . Boucherie, relative to the preservation of wood, the following is the result of our 0j labors: $ i "The Academy has Already examined, 0j . with the most lively interest, the prepar- 0j . ations of the author; and it has before w . it, at this moment, pieces of these so re- ^ , markable that the task of its commission C( r is thereby greatly abridgod. Mons. Bou: oherie proposes to render wood much ^ , more durable, to preserve its elasticity, to m i prevent the voriafions in volume which it ^ s experiences through the agencies of dry (j. f and humid atmospheres, to diminish its Q| r .nMk.ioti'kl.n-cia iet nomant iti tKnicitV ,i | tUIUUU9l|INOII?W>t IV ... J J J. . and its hardiness; and, finally, to com- ^ t municate to it various and durable colors r( s and ociors. 1 a "To assume that all these exigencies g| / have been satisfied, and that this has been w , accomplished by methods, cheap, simple Q] u and new; and consummated through the w 7 agency of substances that are common, tl i and which bear but a low price, is to fix ^ j the attention of the Academy, in a few Q| t words, upon the Important features of the ^ , subject we are charged to examine. ( s "For the purpose of penetrating an en- . . tire tree with preservative, coloring, or . other matter, the author has recourse to w i, no mechanical, costly or complicated . e means: he finds all the force of which he ttl s has need, in that process, within the q( i tree itself,?the same force by which its . own sap is elevated and distributed ^ i through its various parts. This, alone, c< .1 suffices to convey from of the trunk to the very leaves all the liquids which he . ? ^ ...? j :j?j " e wishes 10 luirouuce, proviueu mai mcoc ^ s are maintained within certain limits of ^ . chemical concentration. If a tree he 0 felled, while in full sap and leaf, and the ^ t base of the trunk be at once plunged into ^ a a vat or reservoir containing the liquid e which it is desired the timber shall im. i. bibe, that liquid in the space of a few 1 days, will ascend to the very leaves, and ^ e penetrate every part of the tissue, except o the heart of the tree, which in some . II e instances of great age and hardness, or ^ d imperfect vitality, resists the absorption, d and is not penetrated, y "It is not entirely necessary that the . tree shall retain all its branches and leaves '! SI s during this process, although it is impor r, tant that those of the extreme top should v n remain uninjured. tl "It is not important that the tree shall remain standing during the operation, j| r which would not always be convenient : [. it may be felled, and its but submurged in the liquid it' is destined to absorb, when this will find its way to every part. ^ ? "On the other hand, the tree may be ' u treated standing, if this he preferred ; for ^ it is only necessary that cavities be cut L? >!. k? narhallv P ' Hear me uuiiuni^ ui tuc nuurv m. ' severed bv a saw, and thai the parts thus J prepared be put in contact with the liquid ^ to ensure the desired result. "This species of penetration, or ab. 0 sorption, which is effected in a few days. ^ ,f without either difficulty or labor, is, as e well be readily seen, wholly different e from any means hitherto employed.? . e Previous methods are well known to con- . Ifi d sist of forcing the ingredients into the ? pores of the wood, by powerful pressure . - or of introducing them by the prolonged J and imperfect action of liquids prepared 1 much cost, in huge vats, in which the ir aber is kept suomerged. * "The- new and ingenious process of sns. Boucherie has placed at the com- it md of industry an immense natural b< ce, which enables it, without cost, to a nduct into the most delicate vegetable di sues all soluble substances which it may tl desirable to deposite there. Is "If the author has received, in a simple d ready manner, the great problem * lich he at first proposed, he has not tl inifested less sagacity in his choice of t< s substances which he has adopted for p (filling all the indications announced a ore. a "To augment the duration and hardness ^rood, and to oppose its decay, either tl y or humid, the crude pyrolignite of u m is to be introduced into its tissue. 11 his substance is wisely chosen, because e ude pyroligaeouj acid is produced in all J e forests, in the process of maiiufactur- j g charcoal; and it is easy to convert e is into the pyrolignite of iron, by sim: f y putting it, even when cold, in contact r ith scraps of cold iron; and because, fc so, that the liquid, thus prepared, conins much creosote, which, independen. - ?. * a#* j, al_ _ f ot the salt ot iron, liseii possesses me operty of hardening, and of guarding gainst the attacks of decomposition, as ' eli as the destruction caused by insects, ood and timber employed in construe* | Dns and for other purposes. ; ? Authentic experiments tried in the dlara of Bordeaux, upon hoops, prepared ] f the author, have proved in the most , inclusive manner, the prolonged dura- j on of wood, after subjection to his pro* | jss. The ordinary hoops fell to powder, i lonthe least application of force to < lem, while these of the same age, which id been subjected to his preparation, ere as solid as upon the first day they ere placed there. "If he wishes to preserve the elasticity F wood, and to render it less combustible, te author has found in the employment fchlorine with an earthy base, the means F accomplishing these ends. Ever pre:cupied with the thought that his disjveries, to be most serviceable, must resive universal practical application, the ilhor has net contented himself with te employment of the chlorate of calcim, notwithstanding its great cheapness it he has ann tlyzed the sea water from te pits of the salt works, which is withit value, and by so doing has obtained terefrom all the qualities necessary to is purpose. The different woods prepaid by his saline solutions preserve their exibility, even after several years' expoire to the air; and thin sheets of this ood were twisted into spirals, fi.st in ne direction then in the contrary one, ithout their suffering the slightest fracire or injury of any kttod. Exposed to le air these thin pieces were neither split i r otherwise injured, however dry they i scame; and, finally, they were so far inwnbustibly as to be incapable of sustainig or propagating conflagration. "To those highly useful properties, hich the constructions of ships, bridges, wellings, &c., will readily appreciate, nd turn to profit, the author has joined thers, less important certainly, put still ew, and not without interest, in the arts, [e colors woods in clouds so varied and asual as to promise much utility, by the inployment of his metnod in ornamentig the most ordinary woods, so as to fit lem for the fabrication of furniture, and >r other purposes of ornamental use. "The specimens of this kind, now be>re the Academy, relieve us from all delils upon this head; and it therefore ffinos fnr lift to 8SV I JIIIVW ? J "That the pyrolignite of iron, alone, ives a very beautiful brown tint; "That by causing tannin to be absorbd by the tree, after the pyrolignite of -on, the mass of the tree is rendered lack, while some portions exhibit tints fblue, black and gray; "That by introducing, first, the pyrol. piite of iron, and afterwards the prus. late of potassa, a fine Prussian blue is roduced; "That by introducing, successively, le acetate of lead and the chromate of otassa, a lemon, or chromate of lead coir is produced; "That by introducing into the same unk, the pyrolignite of iron, prussiate, nd acetate of lead, and chromate of poissa, the wood assumes a series of clouds f blue, green, yellow and brown, wmcn ollectively produce the most varied and leasing effect. "The colors and shades may be varied Imost to infinity, according to taste or incy : as chemistry is sufficiently rich, 1 agents of this nature, to satisfy the ants, and even the caprices of the most istidious. "We have said nothing here, of the omraunication of odors to woods, by nprggnations of this kind, because this i an application easily comprehended ithout explanation; and also because is too strictly limited to the demands of ixury to be placed in the same soafe of nportance with the valuable results hich we have above enumerated. "It is evident, from the bare announcetent of these results, that they have not sen, and could not be, the result of ccidental discovery. The author has educed them from simple ideas; and ley are the fruit of long continued and iborious studies and experiments. The commission closed their labors rith a recommendation that a copy of neir report be transmitted to the minisjrs of agriculture and commerce, of the ublic works and the marine, of finances no of war, which recommendation was dopted by the Academy. At a subsequent sitting of the Academy* hat body received notice from the raipiters of war and finance, that they had ecommended the method of Dr. Boucbrie to the special attention of the comnissioners of engineers,, the artillery, and he woodsand forests. This shows the j mportance that is attached to the discovtry, by public functionaries, and by the irst scientific men of thi9, or any age, esiding upon the spot where its results lave been witnessed and investigated. R. W. HASKINS. Buffalo, March 22,1841. To the President of the Agricultural ? Qmith Cnmlirtn ? OVSJCiy UJ uuutu vw vtnw Gentlemen?I ask your attention to he folloiring resolution, adopted by the State Agricultural Society, at its last neeting, held at Columbia: That the District and Parish Societies >e invited to present to this Society, at its innual meeting, an essay or memoir on the subject to which their notice may res. pectively be drawn by the President whose business it shall be to designate the topics on which information is needed." There is, perhaps, no member of the confederacy more dependent on agriculture than South-Carolina, and none where that important branch of industry is more neglected. Of the States composing the Union, twenty have deemed it necessary to aid the cause of the husbanman by legislative enactments. SouthCarolina Has so far steadily refused to lend even the influence of her name to the upholding of that pursuit on which her wealth and prosperity so intimately depend. On this exigency, .when, too the moral and political elements have assumed a sombre hue, it becomes the southern tiller of the soil to arouse from his lethargy, and to direct his efforts to th< devising of means best calculated to promote the true interest of his vacation.? Accurato knowledge concerning the defects of our agricultural practices, and the remedies that are accessable and cer tain, is what is now mainly wanted.? In furtherance of this object, and the bet ter to attain the end substantially aimed at by the Society I now respectfully submit theselection of the topics for the essayi to your better judgement, in the confident hope that subjects may be chosen, adapted to localities, as will afford light enough to guide us to the goal of usefu! and profitable labour. It is conceded that there exist ruinoui errors in management, and great neglect of means and facilities for agricultural improvement. The fault is too common for the planter to look exclusively to the annual income from his crops, witnoui taking into the estimate at the year's end whether his plantation, regarded as i permanent investmentof capital, has beer improved or deteriorated. Learned or obstuse dessertations or husbandry, although they would assist ir bringing about correct opinions on man) points perhaps assential to our calling are not, at this time, the surest means fai accomplishing our purpose. Plain practi cal essays alone, the necessity of the oc casoin, imperatively requires. Iftheser vice designated in the above resolation be faithfully performed, I scarcely need saj to you, that an impulse will be given t( agriculture, in this State, of vast and per manent utility. May I add, that this u a cause in which all can embark. Here there are no collission of interestor of opin ion to overcome, and no motives at variance with private feelings, or public in nentives to action. I have the honnortobe, very respeatfully Your obedient servant, WHITEMARSH B. SEABROOK, President S. A. S. of So. Ca. Edisto Island; June 14,1841. Editors of papers, friendly to the object of this circular, are requested to give it ar insertion. Report of the Postmaster General rt* Mav 9Q. 1841 /"Wt JL/C^/UI W/H/fM} wvj .. Sir: The arrangement of business at and the manner of returns to, the Gener al Post Office, forbid a detailed report o its operations at the approaching sessioi of Congress* I have, however, felt it mj duty, at this time, to call public attentior to the present state of its finances, so fai as I have yet been able to learn their con dition. When first entering upon myofficia duties, my attention was forced to the constant demands for payment beyonc the ability of the Depurtment to dis charge; and with a view to ascertain, a* nearly as might be, its undisputed liabilities and probable means, on the 27th da\ of March last 8 letter was addressed to the Auditor of the Treasury for the Post Office Department, requesting from him information oq those subjects. A copy of which letter, marked A, is herewith submitted. Such statements have not b$en furnished, for reasons clearly set fortn in a letter from the Auditor, dated the 26th day^nf May instant; of which a copy is hereto appended, Marked B. It was also important to learn, without delay, what were the pressing liabilities and what the active funds of the Department. For this purpose, directions were given to the chief clerk to state the amount due to contractors anterior ,to and for the quarter ending the 31st December/ , 1840, so far as they haobeen reported by the Auditor, and also the amount in de? posite, subject to draft, for the discharge of such arrearages. His report is here* with submitted, marked C. By an examination of that statement, it will be seen that there was due and unpaid to contractors, of ascertained balances, on the first day of January last, the sum of four hundred and forty-seven thousand arid seventy-nine dollars, ($447,. 079,) a considerable portion of which has been paid from the revenues of the quarter ending on the 3lst March. A report # from the Auditor upon all the outstanding contracts will undoubtedly increase this amount of indebtedness to a total exceeding half a million of dollars* In addition to which, heavy demand* are frequently made on the Department upon unliquidated claims. Of such demands, no notice can be taken at this time, nor is it proper that an opinion as to their justice should be now expressed. Under these circumstances, two questions naturally present themselves; How the n?nnrtmAnt to be sustained under 1 its present embarrassments? and, What are its financial hopes for the future? As no estimates, upon which can be ' based an answer to the first inquiry, can be presented until a full statement of the balances due from postmasters shall ( have been reported by the Auditor, it is ( passed, with the single remark, that, alr though it can hardly be doubted that a large aggregate sum will be found due, . it is to be feared that, from the small . amount of most of such separate balances, i scattered throughout this wide-spread t nation, the want of responsibility in mfcny of these offcers and many of their seeuri' ties, and the lapse of time since these ' balances accrued, but an inconsiderable part of the amount actually due will ever be received. It therefore remains for Congress to determine whether the i amount now due to contractors shall be paid, from the National Treasury, or , whether this Department shall struggle l on with its present embarrassments, con. suming its daily accruing revenues in t the partial payment of old debts, and still I leaving large balances which it has not the ability to discharge, i Notwithstanding the heavy increased t expenditure consequent upon the act of ' 7th July, 1838, and although, instead of 1 the supposed g adual increase of revenue, ' the receipts for the quarter ending 31st | March last present, as compared with the corresponding quarter of the year before, 1 a diminution of more than 6 per cent, still the Department would probably find , sufficient relief in its future operations , from the decrease of prices which, it may r be calculated, will be hereafter demanded , upon most of the routes, were it not for r the continually increasing exactions ia . other branches of the service. To present this subject in its most in telligible form, the First Assistant Post5 master General has prepared a tabular r view of recent proposals, that comparison } may be made between the amount ot present bids and the sums now paid for mail service upon the same routes.? This table is hereto annexed, marked D. On examination of this statement, it will be seen that, in some cases, the amount demanded by railroad companies for transportation of the mails is more than two hundred per cent, higher than is paid for coach service, upon roads ' j:<? forming connecting link? oeiween an. ferent railroad companies, upon the same 9 main route, and that too where the night 1 service upon the railroads is less than that , performed in coaches. Such demands l deserve more consideration from the fact * that, whilst at the recent lettings in New York and in the six Eastern Statfes , the accepted service by coaches and oth. er modes of conveyance has been secured f at an average saving of twenty.two per i cent, upon the contracts of 1837, there r are but few instances where the demands i of incorporated companies have not been r increased in such manner as imposed . upon me the necessity of suspending the contracts. Nor is the extravagant price. i demanded for mail transportation upon, ? railroads the only manner in which thqse. * I incorporations affect the revenue of this . Department. The facilities secured byi this mode of conveyance for seoding let. . ters by private hands very serioudjr di minishthe reccidts of the offices upoo