University of South Carolina Libraries
Inches Produced 1st row thinned to 6 100 lbs. seed cott. 2d 44 44 to 8 90 ? ? " 3d ? 44 to 10 106" ?* "' 4th 14 to 10 106 " " ? 5?h * M u to 12 82 4* 44 44 6th 44 * to 16 10044 44 44 7th 44 44 to 18 107 * t? ? mi 8th ?4 " to 20 105 44 44 44 9th 44 ?? to 22 118 44 44 44 17th 44 to 24 91 41 *44 11th 44 w to 7 122 4' 44 44 The difference in the product of the different rows, I suspect is owing to the ?naware not having been equally distributed, fori?i (difficult to get preciselythe same quantity putunder each bed. If anything is proven by this experiment, it is, that between six inches and twenty-four, there is but little difference in the product; but the same experiment must be repeated for several years before the question, whether one distance is better than another, can .be settled. Last year was very wet and the weeds grew unusually large; this may account for the rows having the greatest distance producing as much as the others; but in a dry year the result may be -very different. To make a satisfactory experiment, [ would suggest thai it be made upon cotton to which no manure is applied, on account of the difficult) ofspreading the manure equally on the different rows. J. A. GILLESPIE. Marlboro\ So. Ca. P. S ?The land on which the exper iment was made is upland, sometime* called oak and hickory land. con?s.\tfi or the farmers' register, st v. vol. ixi OJMOISAL COMMUICATIOX3. Answers to the general queries on the effects of marl in regard to some farms in James City and Surry counties?1. Of H B. M, Richardson, of J ame? City county, Va.?II Of Boiling Jones, of Surry county?III. O Peter T. Spratley, of Surry county IV. Of W C. Jones, oP Surry couoty?Capacity of the clays and rock-marl of Virginia to form hy drauJic ceineut, and the applicability of rock mar! to horning lime?A legacy for younj farmers?Desultory observations on the bank ing system of fh* country, and the effects of in different modes of operation?coutinued? Great defects of the agriculture of lower Sot'tn Caro ma?On the proper nomenclature of grasses?Ctushed co n meal?feeding horses ?preserving baccn?Rohan potatoes?Admission* in favor of the new four-field systemTemporary winter farm pens. Rye a substi. tnte for clover in Ohio?Proposal to try Hnssey'o reaping machine?Caution to silk cultur ists?General results of diary of the weather kept at Fortress Monroe, (Old Point Comfort,] Va?Silk-worm rearing in A-kansas. Im portance of calcareous soil to grape vinesRange of the thermometer, and state of the weather at Washington, Ark , through l&tt ?Rotation of oats and tobacco, both profitable and meliorating?Sweet-scented verna Ease on poor land. Protection of buzzards? rrstnro?Egyptian cotton cultivated in Miss Monthly commercial report?Tbi oawnit ?i?] r.rntis. ?Summary for news. SELECTIONS. Prize essay on the cultivation of tobaccoBest time for cutting timber?Different effecU of nitrate of soda.?Nitrate of soda?3fode o rendering wood imperishable and incombusti bier?The honest and beneficial credit systenr contrasted with that which cheats and rohi the country.?The American cotton trade? Q,oal?ty of milk?Anti-friction?Diseases o cattle and horses?Horse distemper?On sal sn a prevention of disease in horses, catth and sheep?Cotton culture in India?Weeds DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. FROM TTIE DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Mr. Fox to Mr. Webster. Washington, March 12, 1841. The undersigned, Her Britannic Maj sty's Envoy Extraordinary and Miniate Plenipotentiary, is instructed by hii Government to make the following olficia communication to the Government of th< United States. Her Majesty's Gov?mment have hat J? ? ? J Ike /<?irr?ennn MHtigl IUCU CUIiMUCI anvil V". 1 denee which tock place at Washingtor m Dceenrber last, oetweeji the Unitec States Secretary of State, Mr. Forsyth comprising two official- letter*? fiom tht undersigned te Mr. Forsyth, dated th< l*Jth and' 29th of December, and two offi ctal etters from Mr. Forsytn to the un dersigned* dated the 26th and 30th ol the same monthrupon the subject of the arrest and' imprisonment of Mr. Alexander McLcod,. of Upper Canada, by the authorities of the State of New York, upon a. pretended charge of arson and murder a* having as having been engaged in the capture and descruction of the steamboat "Caroline" on the 29th ol December, 1837. The undersigned is directed in the ..I i- l? I 4U^ (Ir... lirsi {iiiice m metkc miu??ii iu inc wvif> crnment of the United States that Hei Mnjeaty's Government entirely approve of the course persued by the undersiguec in that correspondence, and of the Ian gimge adopted hy him in the official letIcr.t above mentioned. And the undersigned is now instructec again to demand from the Government ol the United States, formally, in the name of the British Government, the imraedi. ate release of Mr. Alex. McLeod. The grounds upon which the British Government of the United States are these: That the transaction on account of which Mr. McLeod has been arrested and is to be put upon his trial was a transaction of a. public character, planned and executed by persons duly empowered by Her Majesty's Colonial Authorities tc take any steps and do any acts which might Ik; necessary for the defence ol Her Majesty's territories, and for the pro. tectum of Her Majesty's subjects; and that consequently those subjects of Hei wbqeugaged in that transaction ^ ft.-UP* ? . ; were performing an act of public duty for o which they cannot b^matie pereenally ? and individually answerable to tWjjjaws h and tribunals of any 'foreign fepunijjgfr $ The transaction in question may have |j have been, as Her Majesty '^Government are of opinion that it was, a justifiable employment of force for the purpose of* defending the British territory from the unprovoked attack of a band of British iel>els and American pirates, who* having , been permitted to arm and organize them- / selves within the territory of the United j States, had actually invaded and occupied j a portion of the territory of Her Majesty, 5 or as it may have been, as alleged by Mr. J Forsvth in his note to the undersigned" of * , C5 , . the 20th of December, "a most unjusti- l fiable invasion in time of peace of the t territory of the United States." But this is a question essentially of a political and s international kind, which can be discussed 1 and settled only between the two Governments, and which the courts of justice ' of the Stato of New York cannot by possibility have any means of judging or any right of deciding. . j it would be contrary to the universal . -A nntinno In fiv inHi. I . piilCllCC "I UHii^ru uaiiuug >v ...... . , vidual responsibility upon persons who, | with the sanction or by the orders of the j constituted authorities of a State, enga- i ged in military or naval enterprises in < their country's cause ; and it is obvious ' that the introduction of such a principle ( would aggravate beyond measure tiie miseries, and would frightfully increase the demoralizing offocts of war, by mix. ' ing up with national exasperation the ferocity of personal passions, and the j cruelty and bitterness of individual re | venge. , Her Majesty's Government cannot be- , lieve that the Government of the United ( r States can really intend to set an exam- < pie so fraught with evil to the commu- l nity of nations, and the direct the ten- ? dency of which must Ih? to bring back ! into the practice of modern war atroci-f* ties which civilization and Christianity 1 j have long since banished, j Neither can Her Majesty's Govern- j ! ment admit admit for a moment the va- ^ lidity of the doctrine advanced by Mr. Forsyth, that the Federal Government of , the United States has no power to inter. ( fere in the matter in question, and that < iKo <l0/?ia!nn tliAronf must rpst solelv and illV UVVIOiv* ?a?v? v ? ? ?? . - entirely with the State of New York. ] With the particulars of the internal I compact which may exist between the | several States that compose the Union, ' foreign Powers have nothing to do: the ' relations of foreign Powers are with the ' aggregate Union: that Union is to them ' represented by the Federal Government; 1 and of that Union the Federal Govern. ( ment is to them the only organ. Therefore, ( when a foreign Power has redress to de- ( mand for a wrong done to it by any , State of the Union, it is to the Federal , Government, and not to the separate^ State, that such Power must look for redress for that wrong. And such foreign i Power cannot admit the plea that the I separate State is an independent body ( over which the Federal Government has 1 no control. It is obvious that such a doctrine, if admitted, would at once to go a dissolution of the Union as far as its relations with foreign Powers are concerned; and that foreign Powers, in such case, instead of accrediting diplomatic agents , to the Federal Government, would send such agents not to that Government, but 1 *? *1"? no nk Liftn'l rn to IU IIIC UUVfl lilllCIII ill uai.11 nujmiuiv , and would make their relations of peace and war with each State depend upon the result of their separate intercourse with such State, without reference to the rela- | tions they might have with the rest, , Her Majesty's Government apprehend i that the above is not the conclusion at which the Government of the United | States intend to arrive; yet such is the , conclusion to which the arguments that , have been advanced by Mr. Forsyth necessarily lead. . | But be that as it may, Her Majesty's . Government formally demand, upon the ( grounds already stated, the immediate re- i lease of Mr. McLeod; and Her Majesty's , Government entreat the President of the { Uoited States to take into his most dtlib- i erafe consideration the serious nature of i the consequences which must ensue from j a rejection of this demand. The United States Government will / j perceive ti'jaf, in demanding Mr. McLeod's , release, Her Majesty's Government argue , upon the assumption that he was one of *1 ?'. J ?r? ikn iiontnrp nf me persons engaiit-u >? v. ? Steamboat " Caroline;" h"t Her Majcs- i ty's Government have the strongest reas. , ons for being convinced that Mr. McLeod i was not in fact engaged in that transaction : and the undersigned is hereupon instructed to say that although the cir- , cumstance itself makes no difference in i the political and international question at i issue ; and although Her Majesty's Gov- ( eminent do not demand Mr. JVJcLeod's release upon the ground that he was not concerned in the capture of the "Caro- , line," but upon the ground that the cap. | ture of the " Caroline" was a transaction (| of a public character for which the per- , sons engaged in it cannot incur private , and personal responsibility; yet the Gov- | ernment of the United States must not , j disguise from themselves that the fact , i that Mr. McLeod was not engaged in the , j transaction must necessarily tend greatly j to inflame that national resentment which i any harm that shall he suffered bv Mr. | McLeod at the hands of the authorities of | the State of New York will infallibly ex cite throughout the whole of the British | Empire. I The undersigned, in addressing the | pfescnt official communication, bv order < i v - 5 ' S his Government, to Mr. WrEstp*, I lecretary of State of the United States, 1 as the hojpor. to offer- to him the as- 1 ura ope of his. distinguished considers- r ion. H. S. FOX. rhe Hon. Daniel Webster, &c. dec. dec. t v X . * | i -* : Mr Wcbster'io Mr, Fox, < Departeent op State.'" < ' Washington "April 24, 1841. 1 .The undersign Secretary of State of s he (Inited States, has the honnor to in. i orm Mr. Fox, Envoy Extraordinary and dinisterj Plenipotentiary of Her Britanie 1 dajesty,; that his note of the 12th of 1 flarch was received and laid before the ' Resident. < 1? * '} - Circumstances well knowft to Mr. Fox lave necessarily delayed, for some days. 1 he consideration of that reply. The undersigned has the honor now to i ay that it has been fully considered, and 1 hat he has been directed by the President o address to Mr, Fox the- following re>(y; . ! Mr. Fox informs the Government of 1 the United States that he is instructed to J nake known to it, that the Government >f Her-Maje?tv entirely approve t he course pursued bv him in his correspondence svith Mr. Fohsvth in December last, and the language adopted by him on the occalion; and that the Government have initructed him "again to demand from the Government of the United States, formally, in the name of the British Gov- 1 jrnment, the immediate release of Mr. Alexander McLeod;" "the grounds upon ; which the British Government make this iemand upon the Government of the United States are these: That the transac. tion on account of which Mr. McLeod has heen arrested, and is to be put upon ' his trial was a transaction of ?.fptiblic character, planned and executed by persons duelv empowered bv Her Mnjestiy's colonial authorities to tnke any step and to do any acts which might he necessary for the defence of Her Majesty** territories, and for the protection of Her Majesty's subjects, .and that consequently shcae subjects of Her Majesty who engaged in that tranaction were performing an act of tjublic duty, for they cannot be made aersonally and individually answerable to the law and tribunals of any foreign country." Tlio President is not certain that he jndcrstood precisely the meaning intended by her majesty's Government to be' conveyed by the foregoing instructipn. ^ This doul>t has occasioned with the President some hesitation, but he inclines :o take it for granted that the main purpose of the instruction was to cause it to >c signified to the Government of the United States that the attack on the Steamboat "Caroline" was an act of.public force done by the British colonia] author, ities, and fully recogniz.ed by the Queen's. Government at home, and consequently an individual concerned in that transaction cannot according to the just principles of the l$w of nations, he held personally answerable in the ordinary courts of law as for a private offence; and that upon this avowal of Her Majesty's Government Alexander McLood now imprissoned on an indictment for murder alleged to have been committed in ' that attack, ought to be released by such proceedings as are usual and are suitable to the case. The President addopts the conclusion that nothing more than this could have intended to be expressed, from the consid. eration that Her Majesty's Government must be fully aware that in the U. States as in England; presons confined under judicial process can he relenased from that confinement only by judiciral procscs..? In neither country, as the undersign supposes, can the arm of the Executive power interfer, directly or forcibly, to release or deliver the prisoner.? his discharge must be sought in a manner conformable to the principles of law and the proceedings of courts of judicature. If an indictment, like that which has been found against Alex. McLeod, and under circumstances like those which belong to his case, were pending against an individual in one of the courts of England, there is no doubt that the law officer of the Crown might enter a nolle prosequi, _ a it. _ l: if or mat ine pnssoner migm cause mmseii to ho brought iij? on heabeas corpus and discharged, if his ground of discharge should be adjudged sufficient, or that he might prove the same facts, and insist on the same defence or exemption on his trial. All these arc legal modes of preceed-. ing, well known to the laws and practice of both countries. But the undersigned does not suppose that, ifsuch a case were to arise in England, the power of the executive Government could be exerted in any more direct mrnner. Even in the case of Ambassadors and other public Ministers whose right at exemption from arrest is personal, requiring no fact to be ascertained but the mere fact of diplomatic character, and to arrest whom is sometimes made a highly penal offence, if the arrest he actually made, it must be discharged by application to the courts of law. . .i It is understood that Alexander AfcLeod is holden as well on civil as on criminal process for acts alleged to have been done by him in the attack on the "Caroline," and his defence or ground of acquittal must be the same in both caces. And this strongly illustrates, as the undersigned concieves the propriety of the foregoing observation; since it is quite clear that the Executive Government cannot interfere to arrest a civil suit between private parties in any stage of its progress, hut that such suit must go on to its regular judicial termination. If, therefore, inv course different from such as have now been mentioned was in contemplation of Her ilfajesty's Government something would seem to have been expected Crom the Government of the United States i 4 , * tactile-conformable to the usages ofHhe ai Jbglish Government as to those of the qi jolted States,' and to which this Govern, bent cannot accede. hi The Government of the United States ui herefore, acting upon the presumtion de vhich 1t already addopted, that nothing ti< ;xtraordinary or unusual was expected m >r requested of it, decided, on the recep* re ion of Mr. Fox's note, to take such mea. ti< jures as the occasion and its own duty re ippear to require. w In his note to Mr. Fox of the 2flth of ai December last, Mr. Forsyth, the Secre- ei tary of State of the United States, obser. tc ves, that "if the destruction of the *Caro? m line' was a public act of persons in Her H Majesty's service, obeying the order of ti their superior authorities this fact has c< been before communicated to the Govern, tj ment of the United Spates by a person p authorized to make the admission and it w will be for the court which has taken cog. a nizance of the offence with which Mr. a McLeod is charged to decide upon its vali- tl dity when legally established before it;' & tl adds, "The President deems it to be a tl proper occasion to remind the Government tl of Her Britanic Majesty that the case of a the *Carol:ne' has been long since brought F to the attention of her Majesty's princi- tl pal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, who up to this day, has not communicated d its decision thereupon. It is hoped that e the Government of her Majesty will per. v cieve the importance of no longer leaving ti the Government of the United States un- r informed of its views and intentions upon G a subject which has naturally produceed o much exasperation, and which has led to a such grave consequences." . u The communication of the fact that d .l- J?* ':? -c .u_ up 1: ? n me ucniruuuuii 01 uie "v/aruiuic was an ? act of public force by the British authori- a ties being formally made to the Govern, h ment of the United States by Mr. Fox's c note, the case assumes a decided aspect. Ii The Government of the United States i entertains no doubt that, after this avow- c a\ of the transaction as a public transac. d tion, authorized and undertaken by the e British authorities, individuals concerned t in it ought not, by the principles of pub I lie law and the general usage of civilized e States, to he holden personally responsible 1 in the ordinary tribunals of law for their * participatian in it. And the President t presumes that it can hardly be necessary t to say that the American People, not dis- < trustful of their ability to redress public c wrongs by public means, cannot desire \ the punishment of individuals when the r act complained of is declared to have been t an act of the Government itself. f Soon after the date of Mr- Fox's note, < an instruction was given to the Attorney i General of the United States from this < Department, by direction of the Presi- I dent, which fully sets forth the opinions ? of this Government on the subject of Mr. i McLeod's imprisonment, a copy of which i instruction the undersigned has the honor < herewith to enclose. i The indictment againht McLeod- is I pending in a State Court, but his rights, < whatever they may be, are no less safe, it 1 is to be presumed, than if he, were holden to answer, in one of the courts of this i Government. I He demands immunity, from personal ? responsibility by virtue of the law of na- i tions, and that law, in civilized States, is i to be respected in all courts. None is I either so high or so low as to escape from s its authority in cases to which its rules < and principles apply. t This Department has been regularly f informed, by his excellency the Governor I of the State of New York, that the Chief I Tii.tina /if tlto* QtnU IVfla aMIffnAlt trt ni*G. { UOHOTi VI lliav KJIU v\> Vf ?*v p ? side at the hearing and trial ofMcLeod's i case, hut that, owing to some error or mis- 5 take in the process of summoning the ju- i ry, the hearing was necessarily defer- 1 red. i (Concluded on the Fourth Page) I Copy of a letter of instruction from the \ Secretary of State to the Attorney General ' accompanying the letter of Mr. Webster, to { Mr. Fox in regard to the case of Mcleod, j Copy of instructions to Mr. Crittenden, en- , closed in the above. , Dbpartmbnt of Statb s i Washington, March 15th, 1841. ) Sir; Alexander McLeod, a Canadian subject of Her Botanic Majesty, is now imprisoned at Lockport, in the state of New York, uader an indictment for murder, alleged 1 to have been committed by him in the attack and destruction of the steamboat Caroline, at Schlosser, in that state, on the i night of the 20th of December, 1837; and his trial is expected to take place at Lockport, on the 22d inst. You arc apprised of the correspondence | which took place hetween Mr. Forsyth, | late Secretary of State, and Mr. Fox, Her ' $ritanuic Majesty's minister, here, on > this subject in December last. | In his note to Mr. Fox, on the 26th of I that month, Mr. Forsyth says : 14 If the < destruction of the Carolina was a public < act ef persons in her Majesty's service obeying the order of their superior au- i thoritics, this fact has not before been ' .communicated to the government of the United States by a person authorized to make the admission, and it will be for the court which has been taking cognizance I of the offence with which Mr. McLeod is i charged to decide upon its validity when ' legally established before it. "The President deems this to be a ' nroncr occasion to remind the Govern- ' r" r ment of Her Britannic Majesty that the 1 case of the Caroline has been long since , brought to the attention of Her Majesty's principal Secretary of State for Foreign 1 Affairs, who, up to this day, has not com. | municated its decision thereupon. It is hoped that the Government of Her Ma jesty will perceive the importance of no longer leaving the Government of the < United States uninformed . of its views and intentions upon a subject which has naturally produced much exasperation, id which haa led to such grave conse- Ne lences." trii I have now to inform yqu tint Mr. Fox the is addressed a note to this Department, 1 ider date of the 12th inst. in which, un- yoi ;r the immediate inlftuction and ^irecan of his Government, hedemandsY for*'" the ally and officially, McLeod's immediate of lease, on the ground that the transac- ial an, on account of which he has been ar- hai sted and is to be put upon his trial, be a9 of a public character, planned yoi id executed by the persons duly empow. yo ed by Her Majesty's colonial authorities hir ? take any steps, and do any acts, which du light be necessary for the defends of Her thi fajesty's territories, and for the protec- be on of Her Majesty's subjects ; and that sh nnsequently these subjects of Her Majes- m< j who engaged in that transaction were of erforming an act of public duty for Ui hich they cannot be made personally nd individually answerable to the laws de nd. tribunals of any foreign country; and pli iat Her Majesty's Gevernmont has far- on ler directed Mr. Fox to make known to fo le Government of the United States f < aat Her Majesty's Government entirely m< pproveot,the course pursued by Mr. ox, and the language adopted by him in G< ae correspondence above mentioned. ; There is, therefore, nrow, an authentic eclaration on the part of the British Govrnment that the attack on the Caroline ras an act of public force, done by millary men, under the orders of their supeiors, and is recognized as such by the Queen's Government. The importance C flild / Iftnlr.i.n tlrtn in rs.4 Kft rl/MlK<Orl IVi 1 inio uui/iuiauuu la IIUL m uvuv?UM| ?t* nd the President is of opinion that it calls ru pon him for the performance of a high er uty.?That an individual forming part th fa public force, and acting under the jg uthority of his Government's not to be ^ leld answerable, as a private trespasser cj ir malefactor, is a principle of public ^ aw, sanctioned by the usages of all civil- ^ zed nations, and which the Government >f tho United States has no inclination to ai lispute. This has no connexion whatev* ?' ir with the question whether, in this case he attack on the Caroline was, as the British Government think it, a justifiable imploymcnt of force for the purpose of de- a ending the British territory from unpro- w oked attack, or whether it was a most Q injustifiable invasion in time of peace of ai he territory of the United States, as this ir jovernment has regarded it. The two f jnestions are essentially different; and, gj vhi'e acknowledging that an individual s| nay claim immunity from the consequ- ? !nee of acts done by him showing that he ? icted under national authority, this Govjrnmcnt Is not to be nndcrstood as chang- ^ ng the opinions which it has heretofore jxpressed in regard to the real nature of [he transaction which resulted in the deduction ofthe Caroline. That subject t is not necessary, for any purpose conaected with this communication, to dissuss. The views of this Government in elation to it are known to that of Eng- s) and ; and we are expecting the, answer ^ if that Government to the communiaation which has been made to it. c All that is intended to be said, at pre- p lent, is that since the attack on the Caro- jine is avowed as a national act, which ^ may justify reprisals, or even general war, ^ f the Government of the United Slates, n the judgment which it shall form of the transaction, and of its own duty, should jee fit so to decide, yet that it raises a j question entirely public and political, a ' question between . independent nations, md that individuals concerned in it cannot / >e arrested and tried before the ordinary 1 tribunals, as for the violation of municipi- i il law. If the attack on the Caroline was t ^justifiable, as this Government has as*erted, the law which has been violated .1 is the law of nations, and the redress svhich is to be sought is the redress autho- ? ized in such cases by the provisions of that code. ^ You are well aware-that the President lias no power to arrest the proceeding in. ^ the civil and criminal courts of the state afNew York. If this indictment were sending in one of the courts of the United ; States, I am directed to say that the Presi- g ient upon the receipt of Mr.# Fox's last communication, would immediately have ^ 4! mr-tnA u ?rn?/>/7)/J tn hf? finterpd. nil Wk\>U a /# WVWM-V ?v fl Whether, in this case, the Governor of , New Yc rk has that power, or if he has, whethei he would feel it his duty to exer. else it, are points upon which we are not 9 informed. 8 It is understood that McLeod is hotden T also on civil process, sued out against him i by the owner of the Caroline. We sup- i pose it very clear that the Executive of 1 the State cannot interfere with such a r process ; and, indeed, if such process were r pending in the courts of (he Unjted States, j the Presideut could not arrest it. In j such and many analogous cases the party r prosecuted or sued must avail himself of s his exemption or defence by judicial pro- t ceedings. either in the court which he is ? called, or in some other court. But F whether the process be criminal or civil, t the fact of having acted under public au- c thority, and in obedience to the orders of r lawful superiors, must be regarded as a f valid defence, otherwise, individuals jj would be holden responsible for injurious \ resulting from the acts of Government, I and even from the operations of public t war. \ You will be furnished with a copy of this instruction for the use of the Executive of New York, and the Attorney Gen- 1 oral of that State. You will carry with a you, also, authentic evidence of the recog- c nigtion by the British Government of the t destruction of the Caroline as an act of public force done by national authority. < The President is impressed with the < propriety of transferring the trial from [ the scene of the principal excitement to I some other and distant county?You will ' take care that this be suggested to the i prisoner's counsel. The President is i gratified to learn that the Governor of | | .. - - / k, 1 p wYork has already directed tjiat the il take place before the Chief Justio^f > State. * Saving consulted with the Governor, i will proceed toLockport, or wherever 0 the trial may be holden, and furnish 1 prisoner's counjel with the evidence which you will be in possession materto his defence. You will see tHht he re skilful and eminent qouppet, jj ft such not already retained ; and, although > u are not desired to-act--as counsel, urself; you cause it to be signified to # , n, and to tfce gentleman who may con* ct his defence, that it is the wish of is Government that, in case bis defence overruled by the court in wbicb he all he tried, proper steps be taken ediately for removing the cause, by writ error, to the "Supreme Court of the nited States. The President hopes you will use such spatch as to make your arrival at the see of trial sure before the trial conaee i; and he trusts you will keep him is* rmed of whatever occurs* by mean* of correspondence through this Depart* ent. %r*i~ #% >. ' I have the honof 'to be Mr.r Attorney Bneral, your obedient servant, DANIEL WEBSTfeR. Hon. John J. Crittenden. Attorney General of the United State*. Bangor, (Me.,) June 4. INDEBFUL PRESENCE OF MIND?A PROMT ACTION. We learn that two men, whose names e have not ascertained* were yesterday nning a raft of logs down the main riv; when approaching Great Work's Falls ey found it impossible to make land as usual, and were rapidly swept towards e Falls. In an instant they cut a log ear from the raft., and both jumped in- ^ > the water, one upon each'side of the g, clinched their hands over the top of it, id gallantly and safely passed down rer the Falls.?Whig. 1 ? AMUSEMENTS 07 HIE NOBILITY. The young Earle of Waldegrare, and boon companion by the name of Daf? ere lately indicted at the Court of [ueen's Bench, in London, for assaulting id dre .dfully beating an old watchman, i the course of their nocturnal rambles, 'hey pleaded guiltv, and, after an iropres* ve admonition from the Judge, his *Lord, . lip" was sentenced to pay a fine of 200, and Captain Duff to pay a fine of -50, and both of the defendants to ha nprisoncd in the Queen's Bench Prison )r the term of six months, ANOTHER CHARLESTON ARTIST. ' Our city, in the letter oft late eorres, undent, was truly styled the mother, of rtists. We had the pleasure, yesterday - u fternoon, of visiting the rtudia of 'homas Wightman, over the gir6ce?y ? [ore of Mr. Nichols, corner of Meetntf nd Society streets, and found it adorned rith a number of excellent portraits, the reations of his young but tasteful pencil, [e not only excels iu catching the Bring ncament, but his drapery is uncommen*^ f fich and beautiful?indeed the brnfis! ress (if one of his beautiful subjects is if the expression be not too masculine)* laster-piece?it is certainly a model, Mr. Wightmnu; a native of this city, i the son of one, and the brother ef an* ther of our worthy citizens, and is a Mjghy promising pupil of the celebrated per* rait painter, toman, on whose style he .node!* his own performances. He will save this city, to-morrow, for the North, here to complete his studies, and will vetfirn o fMAnrp Mfi III A VftRT AP I Vl/ai/l y I^IUIII way w -WW hereabouts, to claim from bis fellow-citi. ens. a share of their patronage. - Mr. Vightman's studio will .be open to-day, . . or the reception of such visiters as may e desirous of seeing tho promise of youth, nd comparing it hereafter with the per* , ormance of maturity. Charleston Courier. The New Orleans paper of the 10th, ;ive an account of a scene which occur* ed in court on the 8th, which must have een thrilling in the extreme. An inditido* 1 namedjJGeorge A. Hamilton had some a) s ago i been convicted of forge, y.? Vhen called up to be sentenced, the nana! question as to what he had to say before entence should be passed. To thi* he eplied in an address of an hour in length n which he endeavored to show that he vas the victero of conspiracy, and that le was entirely innocent of the charge. The Judge replied to him, that his re. narks had failed to make any other ira. session than that of pity for his situation tnd the still stronger belief that he wat juilty of the charge. Tne Judge then entenced him to four years in the peni. entiary. Just at this moment some gentleman exclaimed, "he has a knife tn lis hand," but before he could be preven. ed he plunged it into himself in two pla* :es, once in the abdomen and once in the egion of the heart. He soon fainted roar loss of blood, and was taken to a irivate appartment, followed by his wife vho has sat by him during the trial.? 'bysicians examined and dressed the he wounds, and ascertained that they we re not necessarily fatal. The awful sentence of the law was on ?riday last executed upon Madison John. ? ftnJ .. AM A f Uifl nrvo whn ?u <JUj in me ?<iu jrcai ui iimo^v, " ? ? ?:onvicted in our Superior Court of tlx nurder of Henry Beasley. He was taken from the Jail about XI* i'clock and conducted to the gallows on* ier the guard of our fine yolanteer com* rnny, followed by a large crowd of Spec* ^itors from the town and country, where he addressed the people nearly'an bop*; n an unfaltering voice?warningind especially the young, against * r*' practices of gambling* intemperance